Thu·Oct 3, 2024Thursday·October 3, 2024

1. 01*

   Non-conservation of Lepton Numbers in the Neutrino Sector Could Change the Prospects for Core Collapse Supernova Explosions

   Anna M. Suliga🇺🇸 · Patrick Chi-Kit Cheong🇺🇸 · Julien Froustey🇺🇸 · George M. Fuller🇺🇸 · Lukáš Gráf🇳🇱 · Kyle Kehrer🇺🇸 · Oliver Scholer🇩🇪 · Shashank Shalgar🇩🇰

   We show that interactions violating the conservation of lepton numbers in the neutrino sector could significantly alter the standard low entropy picture for the pre-supernova collapsing core of a massive star. A rapid neutrino-antineutrino equilibration leads to entropy generation and enhanced electron capture and, hence, a lower electron fraction than in the standard model. This would affect the downstream core evolution, the prospects for a supernova explosion, and the emergent neutrino signal. If realized by lepton-number-violating neutrino self-interactions (LNV $\nu$SI), the relevant mediator mass and coupling ranges can be probed by future accelerator-based experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPRL(2025)·12 citations
2. 02*

   Measuring Solar neutrino Fluxes in Direct Detection Experiments in the Presence of Light Mediators

   Shuo-yu Xia🇨🇳

   The potential of the dark matter direct detection experiments to provide independent measurements on solar neutrino fluxes in the Standard Model and in the presence of the light mediators is studied in this work. We also present the sensitivity of direct detection experiments on light mediators with solar neutrinos. We find that the sensitivities on ${}^8$B and pp neutrino fluxes can reach $\pm 10\%$ with improved backgrounds and systematic uncertainties and they can be further pushed to $\pm 3\%$ with a increased exposure. The constraints on light mediators can reach $\mathcal{O}(10^{-6})$ for the masses of scalar and vector mediators below 10 MeV. However, the presence of scalar or vector mediators could lead to shifts in the best fit value of ${}^8$B fluxes, which will increase the challenges in the precise measurements of solar neutrino fluxes with direct detection experiments.

   hep-phNPB(2024)·12 citations
3. 03*

   p--$\varphi$ femtoscopic correlation analysis using a dynamical model

   Kenshi Kuroki🇯🇵 · Tetsufumi Hirano🇯🇵

   We analyse the p--$\varphi$ correlation functions in high-multiplicity proton+proton collisions at the LHC using a dynamical model, DCCI2, and discuss the effects of collision dynamics on the p--$\varphi$ femtoscopic study. Collision dynamics, such as collective expansion and hadronic rescatterings, leads to the relative momentum-dependent non-Gaussian source functions. This results in deviations in the correlation functions compared to those using the Gaussian source function adopted in existing studies. Our analysis shows the importance of using the source functions that reflect more realistic collision dynamics for future precision analysis of hadron interactions via femtoscopy.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Constraints on the $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ model from global QCD analysis

   X. G. Wang🇦🇺 · N. T. Hunt-Smith🇦🇺 · W. Melnitchouk🇺🇸 · N. Sato🇺🇸 · A. W. Thomas🇦🇺

   We perform the first global QCD analysis of electron-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and related high-energy data including the beyond the Standard Model $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ gauge boson, $Z^{\prime }$. Contrary to the dark photon case, we find no improvement in the ${\chi }^2$ relative to the baseline result. The finding allows us to place exclusion limits on the coupling constant of the $Z^{\prime }$ with mass in the range $M_{Z^{\prime }}=2$ to 160 GeV.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Higher-order soft-gluon corrections for $t\bar{t}Z$ cross sections

   Nikolaos Kidonakis🇺🇸 · Chris Foster🇺🇸

   We calculate higher-order soft-gluon corrections for the associated production of a top-antitop quark pair and a $Z$ boson ($t\bar{t}Z$ production) in proton-proton collisions. We find that these corrections are numerically dominant and large. We present approximate NNLO (aNNLO) and approximate N${}^3$LO (aN${}^3$LO) cross sections that add, respectively, second-order and third-order soft-gluon corrections to the exact NLO QCD result. We also add electroweak (EW) corrections through NLO. We estimate uncertainties that arise from scale dependence, which are smaller at higher orders, and from parton distribution functions. We compare our aN${}^3$LO QCD + NLO EW theoretical results to measurements of $t\bar{t}Z$ cross sections from the LHC and find good agreement. We also calculate single-particle-inclusive differential distributions in top-quark transverse momentum and rapidity.

   hep-phPLB(2025)·16 citations
6. 06*

   Prediction of the CP Phase ${\delta }_{CP}$ in the Neutrino Oscillation and an Axion-less Solution to the Strong CP Problem

   Morimitsu Tanimoto🇯🇵 · Tsutomu T. Yanagida🇯🇵

   A model of the axion-less solution to the strong CP problem has been recently constructed based on the ${\mathbf{T}}^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_3$ orbifold in the six dimensional space-time. We extend, in this paper, the model to include the lepton sector with three right-handed neutrinos. A crucial point in the extended model is that we have only one CP-violating phase and thus the CP phase in the neutrino oscillation can be predicted by the CP phase in the CKM matrix. The CP phase ${\delta }_{CP}$ in the PMNS matrix is predicted as ${\delta }_{CP}\simeq 192^{\circ }-195^{\circ }$ which can be tested in the near future experiments. We also discuss the effective mass $m_{\beta \beta }$ responsible for the neutrino-less double beta decay of nucleus, which is predicted as $m_{\beta \beta }\simeq 8-11$\,meV. We consider the leptogenesis and confirm that our model generates the right sign of the baryon asymmetry if the first family right-handed neutrino is the lightest among the heavy right-handed neutrinos.

   hep-phPTEP(2025)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Addendum to `Combined Analysis of Neutrino Decoherence at Reactor Experiments'

   André de Gouvêa🇺🇸 · Valentina De Romeri🇪🇸 · Christoph A. Ternes🇮🇹

   We update our analyses to constrain neutrino decoherence induced by wave-packet separation with RENO and Daya Bay data, now including the final data sets of the two experiments. We find that while the individual bounds from Daya Bay and RENO data improve relative to our original estimates, the combined fits are still dominated by KamLAND data and are only minimally improved.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·6 citations
8. 08*

   The impact of the X17 boson on particle physics anomalies: muon anomalous magnetic moment, Lamb shift, W mass and dark charges

   Antonio Capolupo🇮🇹 · Aniello Quaranta🇮🇹 · Raoul Serao🇮🇹

   We show that the X17 vector boson, introduced to explain the ^8 Be anomalous decay, could play a crucial role in the explanation of the muon's (electron's) anomalous magnetic moment and the muonic Lamb shift. We further constrain the possible kinetic mixing with the U(1)_Y boson of the Standard Model by using the latest available data on the W boson mass.

   hep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2025)·10 citations
9. 09*

   QCD field-strength correlators on a Polyakov loop with gradient flow at next-to-leading order

   David de la Cruz🇩🇪 · Alexander M. Eller🇩🇪 · Guy D. Moore🇩🇪

   Momentum exchange between a heavy quark and a hot quark-gluon medium can be characterized nonperturbatively in terms of field-strength field-strength (E-E and B-B) correlators along a Polyakov loop. These can be studied on the lattice and analytically continued. However the lattice typically determines the correlators after the application of gradient flow. We investigate how gradient flow renormalizes these correlation functions by carrying out a next-to-leading order perturbative analysis of the correlators including gradient flow. This establishes a next-to-leading order renormalization matching between the correlators as measured on the lattice and the correlators relevant for momentum diffusion.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2024)·11 citations
10. 10*

    Semileptonic decay of the triply heavy ${\Omega }_{ccb}$ to the observed ${\Xi }_{cc}^{++}$ state

    Z. Rajabi Najjar🇮🇷 · K. Azizi🇮🇷 · H. R. Moshfegh🇮🇷

    We investigate the weak semileptonic decay of the ${\Omega }_{ccb}^{+}\to {\Xi }_{cc}^{++}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$, where a triply heavy baryon with spin 1/2 decays into the observed doubly heavy baryon with spin 1/2, using QCD sum rule method in all lepton channels. We compute the six relevant vector and axial vector form factors entering the low energy matrix elements in full theory. The invariant form factors are building blocks, using the fit faction of which in terms of $q^2$ in whole physical region, we calculate the exclusive widths in three lepton channels. Our predictions may help the present and future experiments in the course of their search for doubly and triply heavy baryons.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2025)·7 citations
11. 11*

    Path integral treatment of coherence effects in charmonium production in nuclear ultra-peripheral collisions

    J. Óbertová🇨🇿 · J. Nemchik🇨🇿

    We present for the first time a revised study of charmonium production in nuclear ultra-peripheral collisions (UPC) based on a rigorous Green function formalism. This formalism allows for the proper incorporation of the effects of color transparency, as well as the quantum coherence inherent in the higher twist quark shadowing related to the $Q\bar{Q}$ Fock component of the photon. The significance of this effect gradually decreases towards forward and/or backward rapidities. In the LHC kinematic region we additionally incorporate within the same formalism the leading twist gluon shadowing corrections related to higher multi-gluon photon fluctuations. They represent a dominant source of nuclear phenomena in the mid-rapidity region. Model predictions for the rapidity distributions $d\sigma /dy$ are in good agreement with available UPC data on coherent charmonium production at RHIC and the LHC. They can also be verified by future measurements at the LHC, as well as at EIC.

    hep-phhep-thPoS(2025)·1 citation
12. 12*

    Possible signal of an exotic $I=1$, $J=2$ state in the $B\to D^{\ast -}{D}^{+}{K}^{+}$ reaction

    Wen-Tao Lyu🇨🇳 · Man-Yu Duan🇨🇳 · Chu-Wen Xiao🇨🇳 · En Wang🇨🇳 · Eulogio Oset🇪🇸

    We study the \proc reaction, showing that a peak in the \dk mass distribution around 2834 MeV reported by LHCb could be associated with a theoretical exotic state with that mass, a width of 19 MeV and $J^P=2^{+}$, stemming from the interaction of the $D^{\ast +}{K}^{\ast +}$ and $D_s^{\ast +}{\rho }^{+}$ channels, which is a partner of the $0^{+}$ $T_{c\bar{s}}(2900)$. We show that the data is compatible with this assumption, but also see that the mass distribution itself cannot discriminate between the spins $J=0$, $1$, $2$ of the state. Then we evaluate the momenta of the angular mass distribution and show that they are very different for each of the spin assumptions, and that the momenta coming from interference terms have larger strength at the resonant energy than the peaks seen in the angular integrated mass distribution. We make a call for the experimental determination of these magnitudes, which has already been used by the LHCb in related decay reactions.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2024)·7 citations
13. 13*

    Momentum dependent potentials from a parity doubling CMF model in UrQMD: Results on flow and particle production

    Jan Steinheimer🇩🇪 · Tom Reichert🇩🇪 · Yasushi Nara🇯🇵 · Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪

    The quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) part of the UrQMD model is extended to allow implementation of momentum dependent potentials from a parity doubling chiral mean field (CMF) model. Important aspects like energy conservation and effects on particle production and flow are discussed. It is shown, that this new implementation reproduces qualitatively and quantitatively available data over a wide range of beam energies and improves the description of observables without exception. In particular the description of hyperon and pion production at SIS18 energies is improved. From a comparison with HADES data one could conclude that the present parametrization of the CMF model leads to a slightly too weak momentum dependence. However, a more firm conclusion will require a systematic comparison with flow and multiplicity data over a range of beam energies and system sizes. Our work serves as an important step towards such future studies where the properties of dense QCD matter, through parameters of the CMF model, can be constraint using a comparison of the UrQMD model with high precision heavy ion data, finally also allowing direct comparisons with neutron star and neutron star merger observables.

    hep-phnucl-thJ.Phys.G(2025)·26 citations
14. 14*

    Dynamics of charged spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles in superposed states minimally coupled to electromagnetism in curved spacetime within the WKB approximation

    F. Hammad🇨🇦 · R. Saadati🇨🇦 · M. Simard🇨🇦 · S. Novoa-Cattivelli🇨🇦

    We investigate the curved-spacetime dynamics of charged spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles minimally coupled to the electromagnetic field and propagating in superposed states of different masses. For that purpose, we make use of a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation of the Dirac equation with a minimal coupling to the Maxwell field in curved spacetime. We obtain the spin dynamics as well as the deviation from geodesic motion of such particles. The problem of having the mass eigenstates experience different proper times, as opposed to the case of neutral particles, is here dealt with by first extracting the second-order differential equation obeyed by each superposition. This strategy proves to be not only powerful, but also very economical.

    hep-phgr-qcPRD(2024)·3 citations
15. 15*

    Barr-Zee Diagrams at a High-Energy Muon Collider

    Samuel Homiller🇺🇸 · Jackie Lodman🇺🇸 · Aditya Parikh🇺🇸 · Matthew Reece🇺🇸

    The sensitivity of electron EDM experiments has been increasing at a rapid pace, and could yield indications of new physics in the coming decade. An intriguing possibility is that an EDM signal could be generated by new, electroweak-charged particles at the TeV scale that couple to the Higgs and contribute to the electron EDM at two-loop order via Barr-Zee diagrams. A high-energy muon collider could decisively search for new physics at this scale. In this work, we explore this complementarity between colliders and EDM experiments, and note that Barr-Zee diagrams from the aforementioned particles are closely related to vector-boson scattering processes at a muon collider. These loop corrections lead to kinematic features in the differential cross sections of these processes, dictated by the optical theorem. We demonstrate this connection in the context of the singlet-doublet and doublet-triplet extensions to the SM, explore the detectability of these features at a muon collider experiment, and discuss how these measurements can be used to ascertain the underlying model parameters.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·5 citations
16. 16*

    Electroweak Symmetry Restoration in Extended Higgs Sectors via Domain Walls

    Mohamed Younes Sassi🇩🇪 · Gudrid Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪

    Domain walls are a type of topological defects that can arise in the early universe after the spontaneous breaking of a discrete symmetry. This occurs in several beyond Standard Model theories with an extended Higgs sector such as the Next-to-Two-Higgs-Doublet model (N2HDM). In this talk, I will discuss the domain wall solution related to the singlet scalar of the N2HDM and demonstrate the possibility of electroweak symmetry restoration (EWSR) in the vicinity of the domain wall. Such symmetry restoration can have profound implications on the early universe cosmology as the sphaleron rate inside the domain wall would, in principle, be unsuppressed compared with the rate outside the wall.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·0 citations
17. 17*

    Superfluids in expanding backgrounds and attractor times

    Guri K. Buza🇸🇮 · Toshali Mitra🇰🇷 · Alexander Soloviev🇸🇮

    We determine the behavior of an out-of-equilibrium superfluid, composed of a $U(1)$ Goldstone mode coupled to hydrodynamic modes in a Müller-Israel-Stewart theory, in expanding backgrounds relevant to heavy ion collision experiments and cosmology. For suitable initial conditions, the evolution of the hydrodynamic variables leads to a change in the potential of the Goldstone mode, spontaneously breaking the symmetry. After some time, the condensate becomes small, leading the system evolution to be well described via hydrodynamic attractors for a timescale that we determine in Bjorken and Gubser flows. We define this new timescale as the \textit{attractor time} and show its dependence on initial conditions. In the case of the Gubser flow, we provide for the first time a complete description of the nonlinear evolution of the system, including a novel nonlinear regime of constant anisotropy not found in the Bjorken evolution. Finally, we consider the superfluid in the dynamical FLRW (Friedmann-Lemaitre-Roberston-Walker) background, where we observe a similar attractor behavior, dependent on the initial conditions, that at late times approaches a regime dominated by the condensate.

    hep-phcond-mat.quant-gashep-thPRD(2025)·5 citations
18. 18*

    (In)stability of the Higgs vacuum from the $\text{O}(N)$ model at large $N$

    Ryan Weller🇺🇸 · Chun-Wei Su🇺🇸

    The theory of an independent Higgs field is given by an $\text{O}(N)$ model with an $N$-component scalar $\vec{\varphi }$ and a quartic $\lambda (\vec{\varphi }\cdot \vec{\varphi }{)}^2$ potential when $N=4$. The phase structure of the theory can be studied analytically for all values of the coupling $\lambda$ using the large-$N$ limit, both at zero and finite temperature. However, authors in the 70s and 80s argued the theory at large $N$ was "sick" and "futile", and dismissed the theory. This was based on two points: (1) a failure to identify the stable phases and vacuum of the theory and (2) the issue of a negative bare coupling $\lambda <0$ in the UV. We provide evidence that the theory is not, in fact, "sick". Issue (2) is dealt with through the modern understanding of $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetric non-Hermitian theories with "wrong-sign" couplings. Issue (1) is resolved by realizing that the true vacuum has no spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) and that the SSB phase only becomes preferred at high temperatures.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPoS(2025)·0 citations
19. 19*

    The Non-perturbative term of the Pseudovector Interaction in the Pion-Nucleon System and the Pion Form Factor

    Susumu Kinpara🇯🇵

    The correction of the higher-order process for the photon-pion-pion vertex is calculated by the field theoretical method of the pion-nucleon system. The non-perturbative term of the pseudovector coupling interaction is included to examine the effect of the self-energy.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph1 citation
20. 20*

    Natural Anomaly Matching

    Stefano Bolognesi🇮🇹 · Kenichi Konishi🇮🇹 · Andrea Luzio🇮🇹 · Matteo Orso🇮🇹

    In a large class of chiral gauge theories in four dimensions it was found that certain natural assumption about the bifermion condensates leads to the infrared effective theory where the 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions are satisfied in an entirely evident fashion, without need of verifying arithmetic equations. This is due to the fact that in these systems, characterized by dynamical color (and flavor) symmetry breaking, the quantum numbers and multiplicities of the low-energy massless fermions match exactly those of the fermions in the UV theory which do not condense and remain massless, with respect to the unbroken symmetries. This means also that the stronger constraints following from the matching request of mixed anomalies involving certain generalized 1-form center symmetries, as well as some global anomalies such as Witten's $SU(2)$ anomaly, are all fully satisfied. It is the aim of this note to clarify better the working of this phenomenon (which we call Natural Anomaly Matching), correct some earlier statements made about it, and illustrate it further with a few new examples.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPRD(2024)·7 citations
21. 21*

    Dark Energy Driven by the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson Bound

    Patrick Adolf🇪🇸 · Martin Hirsch🇪🇸 · Sara Krieg🇪🇸 · Heinrich Päs🇩🇪 · Mustafa Tabet🇩🇪

    In this work, we confront the bound on an ultraviolet cutoff (UV) of a quantum field theory (QFT) proposed by Cohen, Kaplan, and Nelson (CKN) with the latest results of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The former relates the UV cutoff with an infrared (IR) cutoff of the theory by excluding all states describing a black hole. Identifying now the IR cutoff with the Hubble horizon yields a time-varying contribution of the vacuum energy to the dark energy density of the universe. At the same time the DESI results in combination with other cosmological data point towards a preference of time-varying dark energy models over $\Lambda$CDM.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.