Mon·Sep 30, 2024Monday·September 30, 2024

1. 01*

   Reexamination of vacuum-polarization corrections to the self-energy in muonic bound systems

   B. Ohayon🇮🇱 · U. D. Jentschura🇺🇸

   In muonic bound systems, the dominant radiative correction is due to vacuum polarization. Yet, for the interpretation of precision experiments, self-energy effects are also important. In turn, additional vacuum-polarization loops perturb the self-energy. Here, we show that combined self-energy vacuum-polarization effects can perturb the bound-state self-energy at the percent level in one-muon bound systems with nuclear charges Z = 1-6. We also update previous treatments of the corrections for muonic hydrogen, muonic deuterium, and muonic helium bound systems.

   hep-phphysics.atom-phPRA(2024)·3 citations
2. 02*

   Searching for heavy neutral leptons coupled to axion-like particles at the LHC far detectors and SHiP

   Zeren Simon Wang🇹🇼 · Yu Zhang🇨🇳 · Wei Liu🇨🇳

   In hidden-sector models, axion-like particles (ALPs) can couple to heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), leading to rich phenomenologies. We study ALPs produced from $D$- and $B$-meson decays via quark-flavor-violating couplings, and decaying exclusively into a pair of HNLs which mix with active neutrinos. The ALP can be either short- or long-lived, depending on the masses of the ALP and the HNL, as well as the corresponding coupling strength. Such GeV-scale HNLs are necessarily long-lived given the current bounds on their mixing parameters. We assess the sensitivities of the LHC far detectors and SHiP, to the long-lived HNLs in such theoretical scenarios. We find that for currently allowed values of the ALP couplings, most of these experiments can probe the active-sterile-neutrino mixing parameters multiple orders of magnitude beyond the present bounds, covering large parameter region targeted with the type-I seesaw mechanism. In addition, our results show that compared to the case of a promptly decaying ALP, assuming an ALP of longer lifetimes weakens the sensitivities of the considered experiments to the long-lived HNLs.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·15 citations
3. 03*

   Hunting for bileptons at hadron colliders

   Gennaro Corcella🇮🇹

   I review possible signals at hadron colliders of bileptons, namely doubly-charged vectors or scalars with lepton number L=+/- 2, as predicted by a 331 model, based on a SU(3)_c x SU(3)_L x U(1)_X symmetry. In particular, I account for a version of the 331 model, wherein the embedding of the hypercharge is obtained with the addition of 3 exotic quarks and vector bileptons. Furthermore, a sextet of SU(3)_L, necessary to give masses to leptons, yields an extra scalar sector, including a doubly-charged Higgs, i.e. scalar bileptons. As bileptons are mostly produced in pairs at hadron colliders, their main signal is given by two same-sign lepton pairs at high invariant mass. Nevertheless, they can also decay according to non-leptonic modes, such as a TeV-scale heavy quark, charged 4/3 or 5/3, plus a Standard Model quark. I explore both leptonic and non-leptonic decays and the sensitivity to such processes of present and future hadron colliders.

   hep-phEntropy(2024)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Axion-Inflation Baryogenesis via New U(1) gauge symmetries

   Wei Chao🇨🇳 · Yonghua Wang🇨🇳 · Chenhui Xie🇨🇳

   We investigate axion-inflation baryogenesis models, embedded into U(1) gauge symmetric extensions of the Standard Model (SM), in which the new gauge field couples to the pseudo-scalar inflaton via the Chern-Simons coupling. The motion of the inflaton induces a techyonic instability for one of the two helicities of the gauge field, resulting in the production of the helical gauge field. It further leads to the generation of the SM particle number densities via anomalies during the reheating, which is sufficient to generate the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. Our numerical results show that this mechanism works for the $U(1{)}_{\mathbf{L}}$, $U(1{)}_{\mathbf{R}}$ and $U(1{)}_{\mathbf{B}-\mathbf{L}}$ gauge symmetry cases, where subscripts $\mathbf{L}$, $\mathbf{R}$, $\mathbf{B}-\mathbf{L}$ indicate the lepton number, the right-handed fermion and the baryon number minus the lepton number respectively. The key point for these mechanisms to work is that the evolution of the number density for right-handed neutrinos is decoupled from those of the SM particles, which shares the same merit as the Dirac Leptogenesis mechanism.

   hep-phJCAP(2025)·4 citations
5. 05*

   A comparison of Bayesian sampling algorithms for high-dimensional particle physics and cosmology applications

   Joshua Albert🇺🇸 · Csaba Balazs🇦🇺 · Andrew Fowlie🇨🇳 · Will Handley🇬🇧 · Nicholas Hunt-Smith🇦🇺 · Roberto Ruiz de Austri🇪🇸 · Martin White🇦🇺

   For several decades now, Bayesian inference techniques have been applied to theories of particle physics, cosmology and astrophysics to obtain the probability density functions of their free parameters. In this study, we review and compare a wide range of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and nested sampling techniques to determine their relative efficacy on functions that resemble those encountered most frequently in the particle astrophysics literature. Our first series of tests explores a series of high-dimensional analytic test functions that exemplify particular challenges, for example highly multimodal posteriors or posteriors with curving degeneracies. We then investigate two real physics examples, the first being a global fit of the $\Lambda$CDM model using cosmic microwave background data from the Planck experiment, and the second being a global fit of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model using a wide variety of collider and astrophysics data. We show that several examples widely thought to be most easily solved using nested sampling approaches can in fact be more efficiently solved using modern MCMC algorithms, but the details of the implementation matter. Furthermore, we also provide a series of useful insights for practitioners of particle astrophysics and cosmology.

   hep-phstat.MLComput.Phys.Commun.(2025)·23 citations
6. 06*

   Searching for resonant flavor-changing charged Higgs production at the LHC

   Wei-Shu Hou🇹🇼 · Mohamed Krab🇹🇼

   We suggest a resonant $c\bar{b}\to H^{+}$ production search, followed by bosonic $H^{+}\to W^{+}H$ weak decay at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In the general two-Higgs-doublet model (G2HDM) that has flavor-changing neutral Higgs couplings, $H^{+}$ is resonantly produced via the top-charm ${\rho }_{tc}{V}_{tb}$ coupling at tree level, while $H^{+}\to W^{+}H$ weak decay occurs within the exotic second doublet, leading eventually to same-sign dilepton signals. We perform a signal-to-background analysis at the 14 TeV LHC and show that discovery seems possible with LHC Run 2 data already at hand.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·5 citations
7. 07*

   Improved modeling of $\gamma \gamma$ processes in ultraperipheral collisions at hadron colliders

   Nicolas Crépet🇫🇷 · David d'Enterria🇨🇭 · Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷

   The CERN LHC is not only the current energy-frontier collider for parton-parton collisions, but has proven a powerful photon collider providing photon-photon ($\gamma \gamma$) collisions at center-of-mass energies and luminosities never reached before. The latest theoretical developments implemented in the gamma-UPC Monte Carlo (MC) event generator, which can calculate arbitrary exclusive final state produced via $\gamma \gamma$ fusion in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of protons and/or nuclei at the LHC, are presented. These include azimuthal modulations of dilepton pairs produced in the $\gamma \gamma \to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ process, and neutron emission probabilities for photoexcited lead ions in PbPb UPCs. A few comparisons of the results of the updated gamma-UPC v.1.6 code to relevant RHIC and LHC data are presented.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPoS(2025)·5 citations
8. 08*

   Decay behavior of hidden-strange hadronic molecular state $N(2270)$

   Di Ben🇨🇳 · Shu-Ming Wu🇨🇳

   In this article, we systematically discuss the decay patterns of the hidden-strange hadronic molecular state $N(2270)$ which is assumed as an S-wave $K^{\ast }{\Sigma }^{\ast }$ shallow bound state with its possible quantum numbers $J^P$ which are ${1/2}^{-}$, ${3/2}^{-}$ and ${5/2}^{-}$. By using the effective Lagrangian approach and considering pseudo-scalar meson and vector meson exchanges, we have thoroughly calculated and discussed the decay behavior of the $N(2270)$ molecular state, including hadronic and radiative decay and the cutoff dependence, for different $J^P$ values. For all three cases, $K^{\ast }\Lambda$, $K^{\ast }\Sigma$, and $\rho N$ final states are always included as the main decay channels. However, the $K\Lambda$, $\pi N$ and $\pi \Delta$ final states exhibit notable differences. These different decay properties will provide valuable guidance for future experimental searches and aid in distinguishing different $J^P$ assumptions and understanding their internal structures.

   hep-phnucl-thPRC(2025)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Comprehensive Phenomenology of the Dirac Scotogenic Model: Novel Low Mass Dark Matter

   Salvador Centelles Chuliá🇩🇪 · Rahul Srivastava🇮🇳 · Sushant Yadav🇮🇳

   The Dirac Scotogenic model provides an elegant mechanism for generating small Dirac neutrino masses at the one-loop level. A single abelian discrete $Z_6$ symmetry simultaneously protects the ``Diracness'' of the neutrinos and the stability of the dark matter candidate. This symmetry originates as an unbroken subgroup of the so-called 445 $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ symmetry. Here, we thoroughly explore the phenomenological implications of this construction, including an analysis of electroweak vacuum stability, charged lepton flavor violation, and the dark matter phenomenology. After considering all constraints, we also show that the model allows for the possibility of novel low-mass scalar and fermionic dark matter, a feature not shared by its canonical Majorana counterpart.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·20 citations
10. 10*

    Model Independent Bounds on Left-Right Gauge Boson Masses from LHC Run 2 and Flavour Observables

    Sergio Ferrando Solera🇪🇸 · Antonio Pich🇪🇸 · Luiz Vale Silva🇪🇸

    Left-Right Models (LRMs) are one of the most relevant extensions of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. They introduce an extended gauge sector and can restore parity (P) or charge conjugation (C) symmetries at high enough energies. These theories can be embedded in other more fundamental ones with larger gauge groups. Consequently, the restoration of the C or P symmetries can be pushed towards higher energy scales compared to the scale of the Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB) of the LRM gauge group. We study three LRMs with different specific realizations of the scalar sector without imposing any additional discrete symmetry on the theory. We present bounds on the masses of the new gauge bosons using data from the LHC Run 2 and study rare meson decays, discussing the structure of the right-handed quark mixing matrix and the impact of the neutrino and scalar sectors. Collider bounds valid for specific LRM realizations are alleviated bringing New Physics (NP) effects in flavour observables closer to an observable level.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Generation of the CMB cosmic Birefringence through Axion-like particles, Sterile and Active neutrinos

    Somayyeh Mahmoudi🇮🇷 · Mahdi Sadegh🇮🇷 · Jafar Khodagholizadeh🇮🇷 · Iman Motie🇫🇷 · She-Sheng Xue🇮🇹 · Alain Blanchard🇫🇷

    The cosmic birefringence (CB) angle refers to the rotation of the linear polarization plane of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiations when parity-violating theories are considered. We analyzed the Quantum Boltzmann equation for an ensemble of CMB photons interacting with the right-handed sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) and axion-like particles (ALPs) DM in the presence of the scalar metric perturbation. We used the birefringence angle of CMB to study those probable candidates of DM. It is shown that the CB angle contribution of sterile neutrino is much less that two other sources considered here. Next, we combined the results of the cosmic neutrinos' contribution and the contribution of the ALPs to producing the CMB birefringence and discussed the uncertainty on the parameter space of axions caused by the share of CMB-cosmic neutrino interaction in generating this effect. Finally, we plotted the EB power spectrum of the CMB and showed that this spectrum behaves differently in the presence of cosmic neutrinos and ALPs interactions in small $l$. Hence, future observed data for $C_{EB}^l$, will help us to distinguish the CB angle value due to the various sources of its production.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·3 citations
12. 12*

    Preponderant Orbital Polarization in Relativistic Magnetovortical Matter

    Kenji Fukushima🇯🇵 · Koichi Hattori🇨🇳 · Kazuya Mameda🇯🇵

    We establish thermodynamic stability and gauge invariance in the magnetovortical matter of Dirac fermions under the coexistent rotation and strong magnetic field. The corresponding partition function reveals that the orbital contribution to bulk thermodynamics preponderates over the conventional contribution from anomaly-related spin effects. This orbital preponderance macroscopically manifests itself in the sign inversion of the induced charge and current in the magnetovortical matter, and can be tested experimentally as the flip of the angular momentum polarization of magnetovortical matter when the magnetic field strength is increased.

    hep-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-thnucl-thPRL(2025)·8 citations
13. 13*

    Strong Decays and Spin-Parity Assignments of Low-Lying Singly Charmed Baryons

    Pooja Jakhad🇮🇳 · Juhi Oudichhya🇮🇳 · Ajay Kumar Rai🇮🇳

    In this study, we analyze the strong decays of singly charmed baryons into another singly charmed baryon and a light pseudo scalar meson by means of heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory (HHChPT) which combines heavy quark symmetry with chiral symmetry. HHChPT worked excellently for describing the strong decays of $1S$-wave charmed baryons. The strong decay widths of well-established singly charmed baryons are well reproduced. Further, the strong decay width of $1P$ states are calculated in this approach by using the calculated masses in the relativistic flux tube (RFT) model. By analysing the mass spectra from the RFT model with strong decays in HHChPT, we investigate the spin-parity assignments. We identify ${\Sigma }_c(2800)$ and ${\Xi }_c(2939)$ as $1P$-wave states having $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2024)·5 citations
14. 14*

    Updates on transversity extractions

    Carlo Flore🇮🇹

    We give a brief overview on some of the latest results on the transversity function. We focus on some recent extractions from azimuthal asymmetries data measured in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering processes, and on the impact of transverse single-spin asymmetry data measured in polarised proton-proton collisions on these extractions.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPoS(2024)·1 citation
15. 15*

    Distance-dependent interaction between cosmic strings inspired by higher-dimensional gauge theory

    Takuya Hirose🇯🇵 · Yukihiro Kanda🇯🇵

    We discuss Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen (ANO) strings with the one-loop effective potentials induced by higher-dimensional gauge theory. As our starting point, we consider a five-dimensional $SU(2)$ gauge theory with an extra-dimensional space $S^1/Z_2$. We numerically show the properties of the strings in our model. Especially, we investigate the interaction force between two parallel strings. We find that the interaction force switches from attraction to repulsion as two strings approach each other at a certain parameter region. This interaction is not observed for the ANO strings with the Mexican hat potential. Furthermore, we find that each different factor determines the interaction between large and small interstring distances. We interpret this difference as the origin of the distance-dependent interaction. Our interpretation can also be applied to other scalar potentials. The results in our study give us a new perspective to understand the interaction between the ANO strings with various scalar potentials.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2024)·3 citations
16. 16*

    The medium-temperature dependence of jet transport coefficient in high-energy heavy-ion collisions

    Man Xie🇨🇳 · Han-Qing Fei🇨🇳 · En-Ke Wang🇨🇳 · Ben-Wei Zhang🇨🇳 · Han-Zhong Zhang🇨🇳

    The medium-temperature $T$ dependence of the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ was studied via the nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ and elliptical flow parameter $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ for large transverse momentum $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadrons in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions. Within a next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD parton model for hard scatterings with modified fragmentation functions due to jet quenching controlled by $\hat{q}$, we check the suppression and azimuthal anisotropy for large $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadrons, and extract $\hat{q}$ by global fits to $R_{AA}(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ and $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ data in A + A collisions at RHIC and LHC, respectively. The numerical results from the best fits show that $\hat{q}/T^3$ goes down with local medium temperature $T$ in the parton jet trajectory. Compared with the case of a constant $\hat{q}/T^3$, the going-down $T$ dependence of $\hat{q}/T^3$ makes a hard parton jet to lose more energy near $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ and therefore strengthens the azimuthal anisotropy for large $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadrons. As a result, $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ for large $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ hadrons was enhanced by approximately 10% to better fit the data at RHIC/LHC. Considering the first-order phase transition from QGP to the hadron phase and the additional energy loss in the hadron phase, $v_2(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ is again enhanced by 5%-10% at RHIC/LHC.

    hep-phNucl.Sci.Tech.(2024)·19 citations
17. 17*

    Impact of dark boson mediated feeble interaction between dark matter and hadronic matter on $f$-mode oscillation of neutron stars

    Debashree Sen🇰🇷 · Atanu Guha🇰🇷

    We studied the possible presence of dark matter (DM) in neutron stars (NSs) and the structural properties of the DM admixed NSs (DMANSs) in one of our recent works \cite{Guha:2024pnn}. The feeble interaction between the fermionic DM ($\chi$) with the hadronic matter is introduced through a dark scalar ($\varphi$) and a dark vector ($\xi$) boson as mediators. The allowed range of the mass of the fermionic DM ($m_{\chi }$), for a particular range of DM Fermi momentum ($k_F^{\chi }$), was obtained in the same work \cite{Guha:2024pnn} with respect to the various astrophysical constraints on the structural properties of compact stars viz. the mass, radius and tidal deformability. The present work is dedicated to the calculation and study of non-radial oscillation of the DMANSs using Cowling approximation. We particularly investigate the effect of presence of DM on the fundamental ($f$) mode oscillation frequencies of the DMANSs utilizing the previously obtained range of $m_{\chi }$ for four different hadronic models. In this work we thoroughly investigate how the individual and combined effects of $m_{\chi }$ and $k_F^{\chi }$ affect the $f$-mode oscillation frequency. Within the framework of our DMANS models, for a particular value of $k_F^{\chi }$, the range of $f_{max}^{DMANS}$ with respect to the allowed range of $m_{\chi }$, is also obtained in the present work for four different hadronic models. Since in the present era, the 1.4 and 2.01 $M_{\odot }$ NSs are of special interest after the detection of GW170817 and PSR J0740+6620, we particularly investigate, for the four hadronic models, the range of $f_{1.4}^{DMANS}$ and $f_{2.01}^{DMANS}$ with respect to the acceptable range of $m_{\chi }$ corresponding to the range of $k_F^{\chi }$.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRD(2024)·12 citations
18. 18*

    Energy-momentum correlators of fermions at finite temperature and density

    Sourav Dey🇮🇳 · Samapan Bhadury🇵🇱 · Wojciech Florkowski🇵🇱 · Radoslaw Ryblewski🇵🇱 · Amaresh Jaiswal🇮🇳

    Equal-time commutators of different components of the energy-momentum tensor at spatially separated points are calculated for a relativistic quantum Fermi gas at finite temperature and density. Different definitions of such components, also known as different pseudogauges, are used and smeared with a Gaussian profile characterized by the width $\sigma$. In this way, we introduce observables that may represent measurements of energy and momentum in a spatial region of size $\sigma$. We find that the obtained commutators are sensitive to the pseudogauge chosen if the probed systems or the spatial separation are small. The pseudogauge dependence is expected as different quantum operators are analyzed in this case. On the other hand, we find that for sufficiently large probed systems or with large separation, the studied commutators are pseudogauge independent.

    hep-phcond-mat.quant-gashep-thnucl-thPRD(2024)·4 citations
19. 19*

    Quarks to Cosmos: Particles and Plasma in Cosmological evolution

    Johann Rafelski🇺🇸 · Jeremiah Birrell🇺🇸 · Christopher Grayson🇺🇸 · Andrew Steinmetz🇺🇸 · Cheng Tao Yang🇺🇸

    We describe in the context of the particle physics (PP) standard model (SM) `PP-SM' the understanding of the primordial properties and composition of the Universe in the temperature range $130\text{GeV}>T>20\text{keV}$. The Universe evolution is described using FLRW cosmology. We present a global view on particle content across time and describe the different evolution eras using deceleration parameter $q$. We follow the arrow of time in the expanding and cooling Universe: After the PP-SM heavies $(t,h,W,Z)$ diminish in abundance below $T\simeq 50\text{GeV}$, the PP-SM plasma in the Universe is governed by the strongly interacting Quark-Gluon content. Once the temperature drops below $T\simeq 150\text{MeV}$, quarks and gluons hadronize into strongly interacting matter particles. Rapid disappearance of baryonic antimatter completes at $T_{\mathrm{B}}=38.2\text{MeV}$. We study the ensuing disappearance of strangeness and mesons in general. We show that the different eras defined by particle populations are barely separated from each other with abundance of muons fading out just prior to $T=\mathcal{O}(2.5)\text{MeV}$, the era of emergence of the free-streaming neutrinos. We discuss the two relevant fundamental constants controlling the decoupling of neutrinos. We subsequently follow the primordial Universe as it passes through the hot dense electron-positron plasma epoch. The high density of positron antimatter disappears near $T=20.3\text{keV}$: Nuclear reactions occur in the presence of a highly mobile and relatively strongly interacting electron-positron plasma phase. We apply plasma theory methods to describe the strong screening effects between heavy dust particle (nucleons). We analyze the paramagnetic characteristics of the electron-positron plasma when exposed to an external primordial magnetic field.

    hep-phastro-ph.COnucl-thphysics.plasm-phEur.Phys.J.ST(2025)·8 citations
20. 20*

    Revisiting Single Inclusive Jet Production: Timelike Factorization and Reciprocity

    Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Xiaoyuan Zhang🇺🇸

    Factorization theorems for single inclusive jet production play a crucial role in the study of jets and their substructure. In the case of small radius jets, the dynamics of the jet clustering can be factorized from both the hard production dynamics, and the dynamics of the low scale jet substructure measurement, and is described by a matching coefficient that can be computed in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). A proposed factorization formula describing this process has been previously presented in the literature, and is referred to as the semi-inclusive, or fragmenting jets formalism. By performing an explicit two-loop calculation, we show the inconsistency of this factorization formula, in agreement with another recent result in the literature. Building on recent progress in the factorization of single logarithmic observables, and the understanding of reciprocity, we then derive a new all-order factorization theorem for inclusive jet production. Our factorization involves a non-trivial convolution structure, that maintains the universality of the hard function from inclusive fragmentation. We perform an explicit two-loop calculation of the jet function in both $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM), and for all color channels in QCD, finding exact agreement with the structure derived from our renormalization group equations. In addition, we derive several new results, including an extension of our factorization formula to jet substructure observables, a jet algorithm definition of a generating function for the energy correlators, and new results for exclusive jet functions. Our results are a key ingredient for achieving precision jet substructure at colliders.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thJHEP(2025)·34 citations
21. 21*

    First Principle Predictions for Cold Fermionic Gases Near Criticality via Critical Boson Dominance and Anomaly Matching

    Shashin Pavaskar🇺🇸 · Ira Z. Rothstein🇺🇸

    Recently the authors have developed an effective field theory formalism to systematically describe cold fermionic gases near the unitary limit. The theory has enhanced predictive power due to the fact that interactions are dominated by the exchange of a gapped critical boson whose couplings and mass are fixed by matching the dilatation anomaly between the UV and IR theories. We utilize this theory to give analytic predictions for the compressibility and magnetic susceptibility for fermions near unitarity with attractive interactions above the critical temperature $T_c$, with a well defined theoretical error. The inputs to the predictions are: the scattering length $a$, the effective mass $m^{\star }$ and contact parameter $\tilde{C}(a)$. We then compare our predictions to numerical simulations and find excellent agreement within the window of scattering lengths where the EFT is valid ($10\ge \mid k_{F}a\mid \ge 1$). Experimental corroboration of this theory supports critical point that can be describe by the inclusion of a scalar dilaton mode, whose action is fixed by symmetries.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-thnucl-th1 citation
22. 22*

    The glue that binds us all -- Latin America and the Electron-Ion Collider

    A. C. Aguilar🇧🇷 · A. Bashir🇲🇽 · J. J. Cobos-Martínez🇲🇽 · A. Courtoy🇲🇽 · B. El-Bennich🇧🇷 · D. de Florian🇦🇷 · T. Frederico🇧🇷 · V. P. Gonçalves🇧🇷 · M. Hentschinski🇲🇽 · R. J. Hernández-Pinto🇲🇽 · G. Krein🇧🇷 · M. V. T. Machado🇧🇷 and 14 other authors

    The Electron-Ion Collider, a next generation electron-hadron and electron-nuclei scattering facility, will be built at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The wealth of new data will shape research in hadron physics, from nonperturbative QCD techniques to perturbative QCD improvements and global QCD analyses, for the decades to come. With the present proposal, Latin America based physicists, whose expertise lies on the theory and phenomenology side, make the case for the past and future efforts of a growing community, working hand-in-hand towards developing theoretical tools and predictions to analyze, interpret and optimize the results that will be obtained at the EIC, unveiling the role of the glue that binds us all. This effort is along the lines of various initiatives taken in the U.S., and supported by colleagues worldwide, such as the ones by the EIC User Group which were highlighted during the Snowmass Process and the Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5).

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-lathep-ph+1Braz.J.Phys.(2025)·4 citations
23. 23*

    Hydrodynamics in the Carrollian regime

    Kedar S. Kolekar🇨🇳 · Taniya Mandal🇮🇳 · Ashish Shukla🇮🇳 · Pushkar Soni🇮🇳

    Carroll hydrodynamics arises in the $c\to 0$ limit of relativistic hydrodynamics. Instances of its relevance include the Bjorken and Gubser flow models of heavy-ion collisions, where the ultrarelativistic nature of the flow makes the physics effectively Carrollian. In this paper, we explore the structure of hydrodynamics in what can be termed as the Carrollian regime, where instead of keeping only the leading terms in the $c\to 0$ limit of relativistic hydrodynamics, we perform a small-$c$ expansion and retain the subleading terms as well. We do so both for perfect fluids as well as viscous fluids incorporating first order derivative corrections. As apposite applications of the formalism, we utilize the subleading terms to compute modifications to the Bjorken and Gubser flow equations which bring in, in particular, dependence on rapidity.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2026)·13 citations
24. 24*

    Spinor-Vector Duality and Mirror Symmetry

    Alon E. Faraggi🇬🇧

    Mirror symmetry was first observed in worldsheet string constructions and shown to have profound implications in the Effective Field Theory (EFT) limit of string compactifications, and for the properties of Calabi-Yau manifolds. It opened up a new field in pure mathematics and was utilised in the area of enumerative geometry. Spinor-Vector Duality (SVD) is an extension of mirror symmetry. This can be readily understood in terms of the moduli of toroidal compactification of the heterotic string, which include the metric the antisymmetric tensor field and the Wilson line moduli. In terms of toroidal moduli, mirror symmetry corresponds to mappings of the internal space moduli, whereas spinor-vector duality corresponds to maps of the Wilson line moduli. In the past few of years, we demonstrated the existence of spinor-vector duality in the effective field theory compactifications of the string theories. This was achieved by starting with a worldsheet orbifold construction that exhibited spinor-vector duality and resolving the orbifold singularities, hence generating a smooth effective field theory limit with an imprint of the spinor-vector duality. Just like mirror symmetry, the spinor-vector duality can be used to study the properties of complex manifolds with vector bundles. Spinor--vector duality offers a top-down approach to the ``Swampland''-program, by exploring the imprint of the symmetries of the ultra-violet complete worldsheet string constructions in the effective field theory limit. The SVD suggests a demarcation line between (2,0) EFTs that possess an ultra-violet complete embedding versus those that do not.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phUniverse(2024)·2 citations
25. 25*

    Lattice QCD calculation of the $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ meson masses at the physical point using rooted staggered fermions

    Willem E. A. Verplanke🇫🇷 · Zoltan Fodor🇩🇪 · Antoine Gerardin🇫🇷 · Jana N. Guenther🇩🇪 · Laurent Lellouch🇫🇷 · Kalman K. Szabo🇩🇪 · Balint C. Toth🇩🇪 · Lukas Varnhorst🇩🇪

    We present a lattice calculation of the $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ meson masses at the physical point and in the continuum limit, based on $N_f=2+1+1$ flavors of rooted staggered quarks. Our analysis includes gauge ensembles at the physical pion and kaon masses spread over six lattice spacings in the range [0.064-0.1315]~fm. Our main results read $m_{\eta }=543.5(5.6)$MeV and $m_{{\eta }^{\prime }}=986(38)$MeV, consistent with the experimental values. This is an important numerical test that supports the validity of the fourth root procedure used in the staggered quark formalism. This calculation was the first step towards extracting the pseudoscalar transition form factors of the $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ mesons that play a crucial role in the hadronic light-by-light contribution to the muon $g-2$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·11 citations
26. 26*

    New Insights into Supradense Matter from Dissecting Scaled Stellar Structure Equations

    Bao-Jun Cai🇨🇳 · Bao-An Li🇺🇸

    The strong-field gravity in General Relativity (GR) realized in neutron stars (NSs) renders the Equation of State (EOS) $P(\epsilon )$ of supradense neutron star (NS) matter to be essentially nonlinear and refines the upper bound for $\varphi \equiv P/\epsilon$ to be much smaller than the Special Relativity (SR) requirement with linear EOSs, where $P$ and $\epsilon$ are respectively the pressure and energy density of the system considered. Specifically, a tight bound $\varphi \lesssim 0.374$ is obtained by anatomizing perturbatively the intrinsic structures of the scaled Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff (TOV) equations without using any input nuclear EOS. New insights gained from this novel analysis provide EOS-model independent constraints on properties (e.g., density profiles of the sound speed squared $s^2=\text{d}P/\text{d}\epsilon$ and trace anomaly $\Delta =1/3-\varphi$) of cold supradense matter in NS cores. Using the gravity-matter duality in theories describing NSs, we investigate the impact of gravity on supradense matter EOS in NSs. In particular, we show that the NS mass $M_{\mathrm{NS}}$, radius $R$ and its compactness $\xi \equiv M_{\mathrm{NS}}/R$ scale with certain combinations of its central pressure and energy density (encapsulating its central EOS). Thus, observational data on these properties of NSs can straightforwardly constrain NS central EOSs without relying on any specific nuclear EOS-model.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAhep-phnucl-ex+1Front.Astron.Space Sci.(2024)·4 citations
27. 27*

    Mixed Warm Dark Matter Constraints using Milky Way Satellite Galaxy Counts

    Chin Yi Tan🇺🇸 · Ariane Dekker🇺🇸 · Alex Drlica-Wagner🇺🇸

    Warm dark matter has been strongly constrained in recent years as the sole component of dark matter. However, a less-explored alternative is that dark matter consists of a mixture of warm and cold dark matter (MWDM). In this work, we use observations of Milky Way satellite galaxies to constrain MWDM scenarios where the formation of small-scale structure is suppressed either by generic thermal relic warm dark matter or a sterile neutrino produced through the Shi-Fuller mechanism. To achieve this, we model satellite galaxies by combining numerical simulations with semi-analytical models for the subhalo population, and use a galaxy--halo connection model to match galaxies onto dark matter subhalos. By comparing the number of satellites predicted by MWDM models to the observed satellite population from the Dark Energy Survey and Pan-STARRS1, we constrain the fraction of warm dark matter, $f_{\mathrm{WDM}}$, as a function of its mass, $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}$. We exclude dark matter being composed entirely of thermal relic warm dark matter with $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}\le 6.6$ keV at a posterior ratio of 10:1, consistent with previous works. However, we find that warm dark matter with smaller mass is allowed when mixed with cold dark matter, and that the $f_{\mathrm{WDM}}$ constraints strengthen with decreasing $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}$ until they plateau at $f_{\mathrm{WDM}}\lesssim 0.45$ for $m_{\mathrm{WDM}}\lesssim 1.5$ keV. Likewise, in the case of a sterile neutrino with mass of 7 keV produced through the Shi-Fuller mechanism, we exclude a fraction of $f_{{\nu }_s}\lesssim 0.45$, independent of mixing angle. Our results extend constraints on MWDM to a region of parameter space that has been relatively unconstrained with previous analysis.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phPRD(2025)·23 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.