Fri·Sep 27, 2024Friday·September 27, 2024

1. 01*

   The cosmology of ultralight scalar dark matter coupled to right-handed neutrinos

   Ryan Plestid🇺🇸 · Sophia Tevosyan🇺🇸

   We consider ultralight scalar dark matter that couples to right-handed neutrinos. Due to the high density of neutrinos in the early universe, the background neutrino density dominates the dynamics of the scalar field, and qualitatively alters the field's cosmological evolution. This effect has not been included in previous literature, and changes the interpretation of cosmological data and its interplay with laboratory experiments. To illustrate these points a simplified model of a $1+1$ setup with a single scalar field is analyzed. We find that: {\it i}) The scalar field experiences an asymmetric potential and its energy density redshifts differently than ordinary matter. {\it ii}) Neutrino mass measurements at the CMB and oscillation experiments performed today complement one another (i.e., they constrain different regions of parameter space). {\it iii}) There exists potentially interesting cosmologies with either $O(1)$ variations in the dark matter density between the CMB and today, or $O(1)$ oscillations of neutrino mass.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2025)·8 citations
2. 02*

   Determining the Meson Cloud Contribution of Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factor Using Dispersion Relation

   Ek-ong Atthaphan🇹🇭 · Attaphon Kaewsnod🇹🇭 · Kai Xu🇹🇭 · Moh Moh Aung🇹🇭 · Warintorn Sreethawong🇹🇭 · Ayut Limphirat🇹🇭 · Yupeng Yan🇹🇭

   We explore the meson cloud contribution to nucleon electromagnetic form factors in dispersion relation approach. In our calculations, experimental data on transition amplitudes for pion-nucleon scatterings are taken directly as inputs, with the assumption that the photon-pion interaction dominates over other meson-photon couplings. Combining with the quark core contribution evaluated in quark model, the proton electromagnetic form factors are well reproduced in the work. The resulting mean-square charge radius of the proton agrees well with experimental data, and the quark core radius is reasonable.

   hep-phnucl-th0 citations
3. 03*

   Dark Photon-Photon Resonance Conversion of GRB221009A through Extra Dimension

   M.Afif Ismail🇹🇼 · Chrisna Setyo Nugroho🇹🇼 · Qidir Maulana Binu Soesanto🇮🇩

   The recently observed very high energy (VHE) photons dubbed as GRB221009A by several terrestrial observatories such as LHAASO and Carpet-2 require a physics explanation beyond the standard model. Such energetic gamma ray bursts, originating from yet unknown very distance source at redshift z = 0.1505, would be directly scattererd by extragalactic background lights (EBL) rendering its improbable detection at the earth. We show that dark photon which resides in extra dimension would be able to resolve this issue when it oscillates resonantly with the photon in similar fashion with neutrino oscillation. We demonstrate that, for dark photon mass equals to 1 eV, the probability of GRB221009A photons with energy above 0.2 TeV to reach the earth lies in the range between $10^{-6}\text{to}95\%$ for kinetic mixing values $10^{-14}\le ϵ\le 10^{-12.5}$ allowed by current constraints.

   hep-phPLB(2025)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Refining Gravitational Wave and Collider Physics Dialogue via Singlet Scalar Extension

   Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf🇨🇳 · Tuomas V. I. Tenkanen🇫🇮 · Van Que Tran🇨🇳

   Employing effective field theory techniques, we advance computations of thermal parameters that enter predictions for the gravitational wave spectra from first-order electroweak phase transitions. Working with the real-singlet-extended Standard Model, we utilize recent lattice simulations to confirm the existence of first-order phase transitions across the free parameter space. For the first time, we account for several important two-loop corrections in the high-temperature expansion for determining thermal parameters, including the bubble wall velocity in the local thermal equilibrium approximation. We find that the requirement of completing bubble nucleation imposes stringent bounds on the new scalar boson mass. Moreover, the prospects for detection by LISA require first-order phase transitions in a two-step phase transition, which display strong sensitivity to the portal coupling between the Higgs and the singlet. Interestingly, signals from di-Higgs boson production at the HL-LHC probe parameter regions that significantly overlap with the LISA-sensitive region, indicating the possibility of accounting for both signals if detected. Conversely, depending on the mixing angle, a null result for di-Higgs production at the HL-LHC could potentially rule out the model as an explanation for gravitational wave observations.

   hep-ph34 citations
5. 05*

   Energy-scaling behavior of intrinsic transverse momentum parameters in Drell-Yan simulation

   CMS Collaboration

   An analysis is presented based on models of the intrinsic transverse momentum (intrinsic $k_{\mathrm{T}}$) of partons in nucleons by studying the dilepton transverse momentum in Drell-Yan events. Using parameter tuning in event generators and existing data from fixed-target experiments and from hadron colliders, our investigation spans three orders of magnitude in center-of-mass energy and two orders of magnitude in dilepton invariant mass. The results show an energy-scaling behavior of the intrinsic $k_{\mathrm{T}}$ parameters, independent of the dilepton invariant mass at a given center-of-mass energy.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·16 citations
6. 06*

   Search for Dark Matter in association with a Higgs boson at the LHC: A model independent study

   Sweta Baradia🇮🇳 · Sanchari Bhattacharyya🇮🇳 · Anindya Datta🇮🇳 · Suchandra Dutta🇮🇳 · Suvankar Roy Chowdhury🇮🇳 · Subir Sarkar🇮🇳

   Astrophysical and cosmological observations strongly suggest the existence of Dark Matter\,(DM). Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider\,(LHC) have the potential to probe the particle nature of the DM. In the present work, we investigate the potential of the mono-Higgs plus Missing Transverse Energy signature at the LHC to search for a relatively light fermionic dark matter candidate using the framework of Effective Field Theory. In our study, the DM interacts with the Standard Model\,(SM) via dimension-6 and dimension-7 effective operators involving the Higgs and the gauge bosons. Although, our analysis is independent of any Ultra Violet complete dynamics of DM, such interactions can be realized in an extension of the SM where the gauge group is extended minimally by adding an extra $U(1)$. Both cut-based and Boosted Decision Tree\,(BDT) discriminators are used to estimate and optimize the signal sensitivity over the SM backgrounds, assuming an integrated luminosity of $3000f{b}^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV at the High Luminosity phase of the LHC\,(HL-LHC). It can be seen that in the best scenario, atleast $4\sigma$ significance can be achieved for relic masses upto 200 GeV, showcasing the prospects of this search at the HL-LHC. This study provides a foundation for future explorations in this direction.

   hep-phhep-exNPB(2026)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Sterile sector impacting the correlations and degeneracies among mixing parameters at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment

   Sabila Parveen🇮🇳 · Mehedi Masud🇰🇷 · Mary Bishai🇺🇸 · Poonam Mehta🇮🇳

   We investigate the physics potential of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) in probing active-sterile mixing. We present analytic expressions for relevant oscillation probabilities for three active and one sterile neutrino of eV-scale mass and highlight essential parameters impacting the oscillation signals at DUNE. We then explore the space of sterile parameters as well as study their correlations among themselves and with parameters appearing in the standard framework (${\delta }_{13}$ and ${\theta }_{23}$). We perform a combined fit for the near and far detector at DUNE using GLoBES. We consider alternative beam tune (low energy and medium energy) and runtime combinations for constraining the sterile parameter space. We show that charged current and neutral current interactions over the near and far detector at DUNE allow for an improved sensitivity for a wide range of sterile neutrino mass splittings.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·7 citations
8. 08*

   Three Generations and a Trio of Trialities

   N. Furey🇩🇪 · M.J. Hughes🇬🇧

   We identify the Standard Model's $\mathfrak{su}(3)\oplus \mathfrak{su}(2)\oplus \mathfrak{u}(1)$ internal symmetries within the triality symmetries $\mathfrak{tri}(\mathbb{C})\oplus \mathfrak{tri}(\mathbb{H})\oplus \mathfrak{tri}(\mathbb{O})$. From here, the corresponding Standard Model group action is applied to the triality triple $\left({\Psi }_{+},{\Psi }_{-},V\right)$ for ${\Psi }_{+},{\Psi }_{-},V\in \mathbb{C}\otimes \mathbb{H}\otimes \mathbb{O}$. Together, ${\Psi }_{+}$ and ${\Psi }_{-}$ provide the correct irreducible representations for two generations. Owing to a certain Cartan Factorization, which we define, $V$ provides the irreducible representations for a third generation. Said more explicitly in another way, division algebraic multiplication merges a third generation of spinor representations into a set of scalar bosons. This set of scalar bosons includes the familiar Standard Model Higgs representation.

   hep-phhep-thPLB(2025)·10 citations
9. 09*

   Nucleon tomography and total angular momentum of valence quarks from synergy between lattice QCD and elastic scattering data

   Krzysztof Cichy🇵🇱 · Martha Constantinou🇺🇸 · Paweł Sznajder🇵🇱 · Jakub Wagner🇵🇱

   We present an exploratory work on integrating lattice-QCD results with experimental data for elastic scattering. Within the framework of generalized parton distributions (GPDs), this approach allows for the extraction of detailed information about nucleon tomography and the total angular momentum carried by valence quarks. To accomplish this reliably, we introduce a new quantity, the "double ratio", which significantly reduces the systematic uncertainties inherent in lattice QCD computations. Moreover, we introduce a "shadow" term in the extraction procedure, which is sensitive only to lattice-QCD results. This term allows us to investigate the model dependence of the extraction, providing a more flexible description of the nucleon that goes beyond the previously considered bell-shaped distribution.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2024)·16 citations
10. 10*

    Relativistic diffusion model for hadron production in p-Pb collisions at the LHC

    Philipp Schulz🇩🇪 · Georg Wolschin🇩🇪

    We investigate charged-hadron production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions of asymmetric systems within a nonequilibrium-statistical framework. Calculated centrality-dependent pseudorapidity distributions for p-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=5.02 and 8.16 TeV are compared with data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Our approach combines a relativistic diffusion model with formulations based on quantum chromodynamics while utilizing numerical solutions of a Fokker-Planck equation to account for the shift and broadening of the fragmentation sources for particle-production with respect to the stopping (net-baryon) rapidity distributions. To represent the centrality dependence of charged-hadron production in asymmetric systems over a broad region of pseudorapidities, the consideration and precise modelling of the fragmentation sources - along with the central gluon-gluon source - is found to be essential. Specifically, this results in an inversion of the particle-production amplitude from backward- to forward-dominance when transitioning from central to peripheral collisions, in agreement with recent ATLAS and ALICE p-Pb data at sqrt(s_NN)=5.02 TeV.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2024)·3 citations
11. 11*

    Gamma Lines and Dark Matter from Anomaly Cancellation

    Hridoy Debnath🇺🇸 · Pavel Fileviez Perez🇺🇸 · Kevin Gonzalez-Quesada🇺🇸

    We discuss a simple theory for physics beyond the Standard Model where a Majorana dark matter is predicted from anomaly cancellation. We discuss in detail the minimal theory where the baryon number is a local symmetry spontaneously broken at the low scale. The correlation between the cosmological constraints on the dark matter relic density, the direct detection and collider bounds is investigated. We discuss in great detail the gamma lines from dark matter annihilation showing the possibility to test these predictions in the near future at gamma-ray telescopes such as CTA. We investigate all processes contributing to the total photon flux from dark matter annihilation and point out the unique features that can be used to test this theory for dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2025)·3 citations
12. 12*

    Exploring the three-dimensional momentum distribution of longitudinally polarized quarks in the proton

    Alessandro Bacchetta🇮🇹 · Alessia Bongallino🇪🇸 · Matteo Cerutti🇺🇸 · Marco Radici🇮🇹 · Lorenzo Rossi🇮🇹

    By analyzing experimental data on semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off longitudinally polarized targets, we extract the transverse momentum dependence of the quark helicity distribution, i.e., the difference between the three-dimensional motion of quarks with polarization parallel or antiparallel to the longitudinal polarization of the parent hadron. We perform the analysis at next-to-leading (NLL) and next-to-next-to-leading (NNLL) perturbative accuracy. The quality of the fit is very good for both cases, reaching a ${\chi }^2$ per number of data points equal to $1.11$ and $1.09$, respectively. Although the limited number of data points leads to significant uncertainties, the data are consistent with an interpretation in which the helicity distribution is narrower in transverse momentum than the unpolarized distribution.

    hep-phPRL(2025)·24 citations
13. 13*

    The Self-Organized Criticality of Dark Matter in the Early Universe

    Mingjie Jin🇨🇳 · Ying Li🇨🇳

    We propose a new mechanism for dark matter freeze-out that results in the self-organized criticality in dark matter production, wherein the final relic abundance is independent of initial inputs, in analogy to scale invariance in other realms of non-equilibrium physics. The dynamic of self-organized is triggered through a semi-annihilation process $\chi \varphi \to \varphi \varphi$ in the premise of the instability of dark partner $\varphi$, where $\chi$ is the dark matter candidate. The relic abundance can be analytically ascertained when the dark partner is slightly heavier than the dark matter, which permits a substantially heavy dark matter mass without violating unitarity bounds. We demonstrate that this process provides a bridge between the freeze-in and freeze-out mechanisms, and that the intricate dynamics of self-organized criticality can be actualized in a thermal dark sector bath.

    hep-ph0 citations
14. 14*

    Unique forbidden beta decays at zero momentum transfer

    Chien-Yeah Seng🇺🇸 · Ayala Glick-Magid🇺🇸 · Vincenzo Cirigliano🇺🇸

    We report an exploratory study of the $\mathcal{O}(\alpha )$ structure-dependent electromagnetic radiative corrections to unique first-forbidden nuclear beta decays. We show that the insertion of angular momentum into the nuclear matrix element by the virtual/real photon exchange opens up the decay at vanishing nuclear recoil momentum which was forbidden at tree level, leading to a dramatic change in the decay spectrum not anticipated in existing studies. We discuss its implications for precision tests on the Standard Model and searches for new physics.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRL(2025)·8 citations
15. 15*

    Tracking Energy Loss in Heavy Ion Collisions

    João Barata🇺🇸 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · João M. Silva🇵🇹

    The main modification to high $p_t$ jets evolving in the quark gluon plasma is the depletion of their energy to the thermal background. Despite the prominent role played by energy loss effects in jet quenching, their theoretical description is still limited, being, to a large extent, driven by phenomenological considerations. As the field moves towards the measurement of multi-scale jet substructure observables, it is necessary to develop new field theoretic techniques to describe energy loss. In this letter, we highlight a formal similarity between energy loss, and the renormalization group based track function formalism for computing jet substructure observables on charged particles. We introduce an energy loss function, $L_i(x)$, tracking the energy fraction $x$ flowing from an initial hard parton $i$ down to the measured hadrons, and show that its renormalization group evolution can be studied in perturbative QCD, and is related to that of the track functions. The features of this new approach are illustrated in the computation of projected energy correlators, opening the window to a better theoretical treatment of these observables in heavy ion collisions.

    hep-phnucl-th8 citations
16. 16*

    Non-decoupling scalars at future colliders

    Graeme Crawford🇬🇧 · Dave Sutherland🇬🇧

    We consider a class of BSM models where a generic scalar electroweak multiplet obtains a significant fraction of its mass from a coupling to the Higgs. Such models are non-decoupling: their new states are necessarily at the TeV scale or below, they can significantly alter the electroweak phase transition, and they have a pattern of low energy effects that are distinct from those predicted by SMEFT. Using their minimal gauge and Higgs couplings, we show that a future precision lepton collider (such as FCC-ee, CEPC, ILC, or CLIC) can probe all the non-decoupling parameter space of scalar electroweak multiplets, providing fundamental information on the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·14 citations
17. 17*

    Localized Chiral Magnetic Effect in equilibrium QCD

    B. B. Brandt🇩🇪 · G. Endrődi🇩🇪 · E. Garnacho-Velasco🇩🇪 · G. Markó🇩🇪 · A. D. M. Valois🇩🇪

    We study the impact of a non-uniform magnetic background field on the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) in equilibrium QCD using lattice simulations with 2+1 flavors of dynamical staggered quarks at the physical point. We show that in the presence of a non-uniform magnetic field the CME manifests itself via a localized electromagnetic current density along the direction of the field, which integrates to zero over the full volume. Our primary observable is the leading-order coefficient of the current in a chiral chemical potential expansion, which we compute for various lattice spacings and extrapolate to the continuum limit. Our findings demonstrate that, even though the global spatial average of the CME conductivity vanishes in equilibrium, steady currents still exist locally. Thus, spatially modulated magnetic fields provide a possible way of generating a non-trivial CME signal in equilibrium.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·14 citations
18. 18*

    Loosely coupled particles in warm inflation

    Mehrdad Mirbabayi🇮🇹

    Cosmological perturbations in warm inflation are conventionally described by an EFT. It consists of the inflaton field coupled to a radiation fluid and applies to energy scales of order Hubble $H$ and inflaton decay width $\gamma$, but well below temperature $T$. This EFT lacks a proper treatment of inflatons produced with energy $\sim T$. While the direct contribution of these ``UV inflatons'' to the super-horizon curvature perturbations is subdominant because of the cosmological redshift, for $\gamma \sim H$, their indirect contribution is potentially important -- by their effect on the equation of state, by being exchanged as long-lived intermediate states, and by sourcing gravitational waves with their sizable anisotropic stress. To include these effects, we add to the EFT the Boltzmann distribution of the gas of UV inflatons and compute some of the corrections.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2025)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Conformal Backreaction, Chiral and Conformal Anomalies in the Early Universe

    Claudio Corianò🇮🇹 · Stefano Lionetti🇮🇹 · Dario Melle🇮🇹 · Riccardo Tommasi🇮🇹 · Leonardo Torcellini🇮🇹

    The backreaction of a conformal matter sector and its associated conformal anomaly on gravity can be systematically studied using the formalism of the anomaly effective action. This action, defined precisely in flat spacetime within ordinary quantum field theory, can be analyzed perturbatively in terms of external graviton insertions. The expansion coefficients correspond to correlation functions of the stress-energy tensor, which are renormalized through two key counterterms: the square of the Weyl tensor $(C^2)$ and the Gauss-Bonnet term $(E)$. Anomalous conformal Ward identities impose hierarchical constraints on this expansion, revealing that the anomaly's contribution arises from bilinear mixings of the form $R{\square }^{-1}E$ and $R{\square }^{-1}{C}^2$, supplemented by local Weyl-invariant terms. These mixings reflect the non-local structure of the anomaly. The precise form of the effective action, however, may vary depending on the regularization scheme used, with potential differences manifesting through additional Weyl-invariant terms. These actions encapsulate the breaking of Weyl invariance in the early universe, with implications that are particularly relevant during the inflationary epoch. For chiral and gravitational anomalies, we demonstrate that the corresponding effective actions exhibit similar structures, influencing the evolution of chiral asymmetries in the early universe plasma.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th2 citations
20. 20*

    Speeding up the Universe with a generalised axion-like potential

    Carlos G. Boiza🇪🇸 · Mariam Bouhmadi-López🇪🇸

    Understanding the late-time acceleration of the Universe is one of the major challenges in cosmology today. In this paper, we present a new scalar field model corresponding to a generalised axion-like potential. In fact, this model can be framed as a quintessence model based on physically motivated considerations. This potential is capable of alleviating the coincidence problem through a tracking regime. We will as well prove that this potential allows for a late-time acceleration period induced by an effective cosmological constant, which is reached without fine-tuning the initial conditions of the scalar field. In our model, the generalised axion field fuels the late-time acceleration of the Universe rather than fuelling an early dark energy era. Additionally, we will show how the late-time transition to dark energy dominance could be favoured in this model, since the density parameter of the scalar field will rapidly grow in the late phase of the tracking regime.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thEPJC(2025)·10 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.