Tue·Sep 24, 2024Tuesday·September 24, 2024

1. 01*

   Quantum Computing for Energy Correlators

   Kyle Lee🇺🇸 · Francesco Turro🇺🇸 · Xiaojun Yao🇺🇸

   In recent years, energy correlators have emerged as powerful observables for probing the fragmentation dynamics of high-energy collisions. We introduce the first numerical strategy for calculating energy correlators using the Hamiltonian lattice approach, providing access to the intriguing nonperturbative dynamics of these observables. Furthermore, motivated by rapid advances in quantum computing hardware and algorithms, we propose a quantum algorithm for calculating energy correlators in quantum field theories. This algorithm includes ground state preparation, the application of source, sink, energy flux and real-time evolution operators, and the Hadamard test. We validate our approach by applying it to the SU(2) pure gauge theory in $2+1$ dimensions on $3\times 3$ and $5\times 5$ honeycomb lattices with $j_{\max }=\frac{1}{2}$ at various couplings, utilizing both classical methods and the quantum algorithm, the latter tested using the IBM emulator for specific configurations. The results are consistent with the expected behavior of the strong coupling regime and motivate a more comprehensive study to probe the confinement dynamics across the weak and strong coupling regimes.

   hep-phhep-exhep-lathep-th+1PRD(2025)·55 citations
2. 02*

   Analytical structure of k${}_t$ clustering to any order

   K. Khelifa-Kerfa🇩🇿

   We present a general analytical expression for the fixed-order structure of the distribution of a generic non-global observable with the k${}_t$ jet algorithm at any perturbative order. This novel formulation is obtained within the framework of the Eikonal approximation, assuming strong-energy ordering of emitted partons. The proposed formula is applicable to a wide range of processes at both lepton and hadron colliders.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Towards heavy double-gluon hybrid mesons with exotic quantum numbers in QCD sum rules

   Ding-Kun Lian🇨🇳 · Qi-Nan Wang🇨🇳 · Xu-Liang Chen🇨🇳 · Peng-Fei Yang🇨🇳 · Wei Chen🇨🇳 · Hua-Xing Chen🇨🇳

   The double-gluon hybrid meson configuration was recently proposed and investigated within QCD sum rules. In this talk, we discuss the color structures of the double-gluon hybrid meson and construct current operators with exotic quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ and $2^{+-}$ for two of the structures. In the framework of QCD sum rules, we consider the condensates up to dimension-8 at the leading order of ${\alpha }_s$ for both charmonium and the bottomonium systems. The results indicate that the masses of the $1^{-+}$ and $2^{+-}$ charmonium double-gluon hybrid mesons are approximately $6.1-7.2$ GeV and $6.3-6.4$ GeV, respectively. As for the bottomonium systems, their masses fall within the range of $13.7-14.3$ GeV and $12.6-13.3$ GeV for the $1^{-+}$ and $2^{+-}$ channels, respectively. Additionally, the charmonium hybrids could be produced in the radiative decays of bottomonium mesons in BelleII experiment.

   hep-phNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2024)·0 citations
4. 04*

   T-Model Higgs Inflation and Metastable Cosmic Strings

   C. Pallis (Aristotle U., Thessaloniki)🇬🇷

   We present the formation of metastable cosmic strings (CSs) in the context of a supersymmetric (SUSY) left-right model. The SU(2)R symmetry breaking occurs during a stage of T-model (Higgs) inflation (TI) driven by an SU(2)R triplet superfield which inflates away the produced monopoles. The subsequent breaking of the remaining U(1)R x U(1)B-L symmetry, triggered due to an instability arising in the system of a pair of SU(2)R doublet superfields, leads to the production of CSs. TI is based on a quartic potential, is consistent with data thanks to the adopted hyperbolic Kaehler geometry and may be followed by successful non-thermal leptogenesis. The decay of produced CSs interprets the recent observations from PTA experiments on the stochastic background of gravitational waves with values of the superpotential coupling constants close to 10^-6-10^-8 and symmetry-breaking scales a little lower than the SUSY grand unified theory scale. A solution to the mu problem of the MSSM is also accommodated provided that mu is two to three orders of magnitude lower than the gravitino mass. The issue of the gauge coupling unification is also discussed.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2025)·15 citations
5. 05*

   Exploring Nucleon Structure through Sub- and Near-threshold $\varphi$-Meson Photoproduction

   Wei Wang🇨🇳 · Ji Xu🇨🇳 · Xing-Hua Yang🇨🇳 · Ya-Teng Zhang🇨🇳 · Shuai Zhao🇨🇳

   We propose to investigate short-range correlations (SRCs) in nuclei by studying sub and near-threshold photoproduction of $\varphi$-meson. The feasibility of exploring this nuclear structure in electron-positron collision experiments such as Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) and Super $\tau$-Charm Facility (STCF) was investigated by utilizing their beryllium-based (${}^9$Be) beam pipe. The cross sections for these processes as well as the likelihood of detection by BESIII and STCF are calculated. Due to the limited number of events, BESIII is inadequate for the proposed measurement, while the future STCF provides a higher probability of successfully measuring this process. These findings suggest that electron-positron collider could play a valuable role in elucidating the fundamental physics behind the nuclear modification of parton distribution functions. This proposed analysis of photon-nucleon interactions represents uncharted territory, promising fresh prospects for applications in both particle and nuclear physics.

   hep-phPLB(2026)·6 citations
6. 06*

   Finding Interaction Mechanism between Exotic Molecule and Conventional Hadron

   Ri-Qing Qian🇨🇳 · Fu-Lai Wang🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

   An intriguing and important question arises: how do hadronic molecules interact with conventional hadrons? In this work, we propose a novel mechanism to address this issue, focusing on the interactions between hidden-charm molecular pentaquarks ($P_c$) and nucleons ($N$). By applying this mechanism, we derive the corresponding interaction potentials, enabling the prediction of the bound state properties. Our results indicate the possible existence of $P_{c}N$ bound states-an entirely new form of matter, ripe for exploration in the era of high-precision hadron spectroscopy. Notably, this mechanism extends beyond the $P_{c}N$ systems and can be applied to any hadronic molecules interacting with conventional hadrons, offering the potential for discovering a variety of novel bound states.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPLB(2025)·3 citations
7. 07*

   Universal critical dynamics near the chiral phase transition and the QCD critical point

   Johannes V. Roth🇩🇪 · Yunxin Ye🇩🇪 · Sören Schlichting🇩🇪 · Lorenz von Smekal🇩🇪

   We use a novel real-time formulation of the functional renormalization group (FRG) for dynamical systems with reversible mode couplings to study Model H, the conjectured dynamic universality class of the QCD critical point. We emphasize the structural similarities with Model G, conjectured to be the dynamic universality class of the chiral phase transition in the limit of two massless quark flavors. Importantly, our formulation of the real-time FRG preserves all relevant symmetries throughout the FRG flow which, e.g., guarantees the non-renormalization of the reversible mode couplings, as but one exact result. We derive non-perturbative RG flow equations for the kinetic coefficients of both, Model G and H, in parallel, and discuss commonalities and differences in the resulting fixed-point structure and dynamic critical exponents, such as weak-scaling relations which hold in either case versus the characteristic strong scaling of Model G which is absent in Model H.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·19 citations
8. 08*

   Gravitational waves from cosmological first-order phase transitions with precise hydrodynamics

   Chi Tian🇨🇳 · Xiao Wang🇦🇺 · Csaba Balázs🇦🇺

   We calculate the gravitational wave spectrum generated by sound waves during a cosmological phase transition, incorporating several advancements beyond the current state-of-the-art. Rather than relying on the bag model or similar approximations, we derive the equation of state directly from the effective potential. This approach enables us to accurately determine the hydrodynamic quantities, which serve as initial conditions in a generalised hybrid simulation. This simulation tracks the fluid evolution after bubble collisions, leading to the generation of gravitational waves. Our work is the first self-consistent numerical calculation of gravitational waves for the real singlet extension of the standard model. Our computational method is adaptable to any particle physics model, offering a fast and reliable way to calculate gravitational waves generated by sound waves. With fewer approximations, our approach provides a robust foundation for precise gravitational wave calculations and allows for the exploration of model-independent features of gravitational waves from phase transitions.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcEPJC(2025)·23 citations
9. 09*

   Magnetic vacuum polarization effects in the supercritical QED: spontaneous generation of a stable highly magnetized phase of the vacuum state

   K. A. Sveshnikov🇷🇺 · E. S. Polshikova🇷🇺 · S. A. Artiukova🇷🇺 · M. A. Boitsov🇷🇺 · P. A. Grashin🇷🇺

   The spontaneous generation of axial vacuum current and corresponding magnetic field with multipole structure, caused by the supercritical Coulomb source with charge $Z$ and size $R$, is explored in essentially non-perturbative approach with emphasis on the vacuum energy ${\mathcal{E}}_{\mathcal{V}\mathcal{P}}$, considered as a function of $R$ with fixed $Z$. The properties of such highly magnetized vacuum phase are studied in detail. It is shown that the arising this way magnetic component of the supercritical vacuum polarization leads to a significant decrease of the total energy of the system, which could provide the formation of a stable extra-heavy nuclear cluster. Numerical calculations proving the latter in case of the specific spherically symmetric Coulomb source with $Z=828$ are presented.

   hep-ph0 citations
10. 10*

    Probing Ultralight Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with XMM Telescopes

    Jun Guo🇨🇳 · Qiang Yuan🇨🇳 · Bin Zhu🇨🇳

    Primordial black holes (PBHs), originating from the gravitational collapse of large overdensities in the early Universe, emerge as a compelling dark matter (DM) candidate across a broad mass range. Of particular interest are ultra-light PBHs with masses around $10^{14}$ to $10^{17}$ g, which are typically probed by searching their evaporation products. Using the soft X-ray signal measured by the XMM telescopes, we derive constraints on the fraction of PBHs dark matter with masses in the range $10^{15}$-$10^{16}$ g. We find that observations exclude fraction $f>10^{-6}$ at 95\% C.L. for mass $M_{\mathrm{PBH}}=10^{15}$ g.

    hep-phNPB(2024)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Charged current neutrino scattering from nucleons

    M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · A. Fatima🇮🇳 · S. K. Singh🇮🇳 · F. Zaidi🇮🇳

    In this work, we study the charged current induced neutrino and antineutrino scattering from the free nucleon target. This study has been performed in the energy range of a few GeV, relevant for the (anti)neutrino oscillation experiments with accelerator and atmospheric neutrinos. For a few GeV neutrino, the contribution to the cross section mainly comes from the quasielastic, the inelastic production of mesons like pion, kaon, eta, and hyperons as well as from the deep inelastic scattering by the weak currents in $\Delta S$=0 and $\Delta S$=1 sectors. The numerical results are presented for the $Q^2$ distribution of the differential cross section for all the aforementioned processes. The effect of the cut on the center of mass energy $W$ has been explicitly discussed.

    hep-phhep-exEur.Phys.J.ST(2025)·4 citations
12. 12*

    Effect of isoscalar and isovector scalar fields on baryon semileptonic decays in nuclear matter

    Koichi Saito🇯🇵 · Tsuyoshi Miyatsu🇰🇷 · Myung-Ki Cheoun🇰🇷

    The precise determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements is very important, because it could be a clue to new physics beyond Standard Theory. This is particular true of $V_{ud}$, because it is the main contribution to the unitary condition of the CKM matrix elements. The level of accuracy for the test of the unitarity involving the element $V_{ud}$ is now of the order of $10^{-4}$. Because the precise data for $V_{ud}$ is usually extracted from super-allowed nuclear $\beta$ decay, it is quite significant to investigate the breaking of SU(3) flavor symmetry on the weak vector coupling constant in nuclear matter. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the isoscalar scalar ($\sigma$) and the isovector scalar ($\delta$ or $a_0$) mean-fields affect the weak vector and axial-vector coupling constants for semileptonic baryon (neutron, $\Lambda$ or ${\Xi }^{-}$) decay in asymmetric nuclear matter. To do so, we use the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model, where nuclear matter consists of nucleons including quark degrees of freedom bound by the self-consistent exchange of scalar and vector mesons. We pay careful attention to the center of mass correction to the quark currents in matter. We then find that, for neutron $\beta$ decay in asymmetric nuclear matter, the defect of the vector coupling constant due to the $\delta$ field can be of the order of $10^{-4}$ at the nuclear saturation density, which is the same amount as the level of the current uncertainty in the measurements. It is also interesting that, in neutron-rich matter, there exists a certain low density at which isospin symmetry is restored, that is, the $u$-$d$ quark mass difference vanishes. We conclude that the effect of the isoscalar scalar and the isovector scalar fields should be considered in baryon semileptonic decays in nuclei.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·4 citations
13. 13*

    Search for monopole-dipole interactions with atom interferometry

    Mahiro Abe🇺🇸 · Jason M. Hogan🇺🇸 · David E. Kaplan🇺🇸 · Chris Overstreet🇺🇸 · Surjeet Rajendran🇺🇸

    Light, weakly coupled bosonic particles such as axions can mediate long range monopole-dipole interactions between matter and spins. We propose a new experimental method using atom interferometry to detect such a force on a freely falling atom exerted by the spin of electrons. The intrinsic advantages of atom interferometry, such as the freely falling nature of the atom and the well-defined response of the atom to external magnetic fields, should enable the proposed method to overcome systematic effects induced by vibrations, magnetic fields, and gravity. This approach is most suited to probe forces with a range $\gtrsim$~10~cm. With current technology, our proposed setup could potentially extend probes of such forces by an order of magnitude beyond present laboratory limits.

    hep-phphysics.atom-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
14. 14*

    The impact of non-perturbative effects in dark matter production and detection

    Julian Bollig🇩🇪

    Dark matter stands out as one of the most important unsolved mysteries in particle physics and cosmology. We investigate the influence of non-perturbative effects on the production of dark matter as well as their impact on direct and indirect detection to attain insight on its fundamental nature. Specifically, we focus on Sommerfeld enhancement and the formation of dark matter bound states both of which can alter the total dark matter annihilation cross section and thus modify dark matter observables in the early and late Universe. To this end, we conducted two studies focusing on different dark matter observables, which are likely to be probed by upcoming experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO2 citations
15. 15*

    Big Bang Nucleosynthesis constraints on resonant DM annihilations

    Pieter Braat🇳🇱 · Marco Hufnagel🇧🇪

    We perform a systematic study of BBN constraints from photodisintegration for scenarios in which dark-matter annihilations are resonantly-enhanced. To this end, we implement and make available a new class ResonanceModel within an updated version v1.3.0 of ACROPOLIS. While the corresponding implementation is done in a rather model-independent way, we also make available three benchmark models that can be used to calculate constraints for more concrete scenarios. Using this new version of ACROPOLIS, we present for the first time the corresponding constraints on resonantly-enhanced $s$-wave and $p$-wave annihilations. We show that for $s$-wave annihilations the bounds are usually very similar to the ones without a resonance, while for $p$-wave annihilations the bounds can be significantly stronger. The updated version v1.3.0 of ACROPOLIS can be found at https://github.com/hep-mh/acropolis .

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2025)·10 citations
16. 16*

    Status of the Aligned Two Higgs Doublet Model in the low mass region

    Anirban Karan🇪🇸 · Antonio Coutinho🇪🇸 · Victor Miralles🇬🇧 · Antonio Pich🇪🇸

    The Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) is a simple extension of the Standard Model (SM), which provides a rich and very interesting phenomenology. To remove the undesirable flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNCs), an additional ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetry is usually imposed into the 2HDM. However, FCNCs can be avoided in a much more general way by assuming a similar Yukawa structure for the two scalar doublets. But one can circumvent the issue of FCNCs by assuming similar Yukawa structure for the two scalar doublets too. The model with this intriguing feature is termed the Aligned Two Higgs Doublet Model (A2HDM). The phenomenological constraints on the A2HDM are much weaker than the ones on the usual ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ models, opening a broader range of possible scenarios. Moreover, the A2HDM also provides a generic framework to study, as particular cases, the different varieties of ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$-symmetric 2HDMs. Here, we illustrate a global fit of the A2HDM using the package HEPfit. We study the possibility of having new scalar particles lighter than the SM Higgs. For this global fit we perform a Bayesian analysis, including stability and perturbativity bounds, flavour and electroweak precision observables, and scalar (and pseudoscalar) searches at LEP and LHC.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Kolya: an open-source package for inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays

    Matteo Fael🇨🇭 · Ilija S. Milutin🇩🇪 · K. Keri Vos🇳🇱

    We introduce the code kolya, an open-source tool for phenomenological analyses of inclusive semileptonic $B$ meson decays. It contains a library to compute predictions for the total rate and various kinematic moments within the framework of the heavy quark expansion, utilizing the so-called kinetic scheme. The library currently includes power corrections up to $1/m_b^5$. All available QCD perturbative corrections are implemented via interpolation grids for fast numerical evaluation. We also include effects from new physics parameterised as Wilson coefficients of dimension-six operators in the weak effective theory below the electroweak scale. The library is interfaced to CRunDec for easy evaluation of the quark masses and strong coupling constant at different renormalization scales. The library is developed in Python and does not require compilation. It can be used in an interactive Jupyter notebook session.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latSciPost Phys.Codeb.(2025)·13 citations
18. 18*

    Radiation by a laser-driven flying-focus electron wave packet

    Antonino Di Piazza🇺🇸 · Martin Formanek🇨🇿 · Dillon Ramsey🇺🇸 · John P. Palastro🇺🇸

    An exact solution of the Dirac equation in the presence of an arbitrary electromagnetic plane wave is found, which corresponds to a focused electron wave packet, with the focus of the wave packet moving at the speed of light in the opposite direction of the average momentum of the electron wave packet (unless the plane wave is so intense to reflect the electron). The photon spectrum emitted by such an electron wave packet in the presence of a linearly-polarized plane wave is studied both analytically and numerically. The spectrum is also compared with the one emitted by a single-momentum, plane-wave electron in the case of the electron being initially counter-propagating (on average for the flying-focus case) with the plane wave and within the locally-constant field approximation. It is found that if the electron flying-focus wave packet is focused beyond a Compton wavelength, the angular distribution of the emitted radiation along the magnetic field of the electromagnetic plane wave is broader than for an electron with definite momentum. Corresponding the maximum value of the photon yield on the transverse plane is smaller in the flying-focus electron case. This could represent an experimental signature of a laser-driven flying-focus electron wave packet.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·3 citations
19. 19*

    Simulating Charm Quarks in IP-Glasma Initial Stage and Quark-Gluon Plasma: A Hybrid Approach for charm quark phenomenology

    Charles Gale🇨🇦 · Sangyong Jeon🇨🇦 · Manu Kurian🇺🇸 · Björn Schenke🇺🇸 · Mayank Singh🇺🇸

    We present phenomenological findings on charm quark transport while including its energy loss in both pre-equilibrium and hydrodynamic stages of the evolution. We employed the MARTINI event generator for the production and evolution of heavy quarks in the relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The sensitivity of the heavy meson nuclear modification factor and flow coefficient to the early stage of heavy-ion collisions and bulk medium evolution is analyzed for Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV. Our study provides insights into the interaction strength of charm quarks during the early phase and within the quark-gluon plasma.

    hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·0 citations
20. 20*

    Photoproduction of the $\Lambda (1800)$

    Melahat. Bayar🇹🇷 · Jing Song🇨🇳 · L. R. Dai🇨🇳 · Eulogio Oset🇪🇸

    We have carried out a study of the $\gamma p\to p{K}^{+}{K}^{\ast -}(K^{\ast -}\to K^{-}{\pi }^0)$, $\gamma p\to p{K}^{+}{K}^{\ast -}(K^{\ast -}\to {\bar{K}}^0{\pi }^{-})$ and $\gamma p\to K^{+}{K}^{-}p$ reactions, producing the $K^{+}\Lambda (1800)$ final state, from the perspective that the $\Lambda (1800)$ resonance is dynamically generated from the interaction of ${\bar{K}}^{\ast }N$ with its coupled vector-baryon channels, in complete analogy to the $\Lambda (1405)$ generated from the interaction of $\bar{K}N$ and its coupled pseudoscalar-baryon channels. The two reactions are complementary and their mass distributions are tied to the particular nature of this resonance in that framework. We provide much information on the shapes and strength of the invariant mass distributions of these reactions, and the energy dependence of the cross sections, that when contrasted with future experiments should shed valuable light on the nature of this resonance and its analogy to the $\Lambda (1405)$.

    hep-phEPJC(2025)·1 citation
21. 21*

    Primordial neutrinos and new physics: novel approach to solving neutrino Boltzmann equation

    Maksym Ovchynnikov🇨🇭 · Vsevolod Syvolap🇳🇱

    Understanding how new physics influences the dynamics of cosmic neutrinos during their decoupling is crucial in light of upcoming precise cosmological observations and the need to reconcile cosmological and laboratory probes. Existing approaches to solving the neutrino Boltzmann equation are often model-dependent, computationally inefficient, and yield contradictory results. To solve this problem, we introduce a novel method to comprehensively study neutrino dynamics. We apply this method to several case studies, resolving the discrepancy in the literature about the impact of non-thermal neutrinos on $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and providing important insights about the role of decaying new physics particles on MeV plasma.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRL(2025)·18 citations
22. 22*

    Quark mass dependence of the $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ pole

    F. Gil-Domínguez🇪🇸 · A. Giachino🇪🇸 · R. Molina🇪🇸

    Recently, several LQCD simulations have proven that the interaction in the isoscalar channel in $D{D}^{\ast }$ scattering is attractive. This channel is naturally connected to the $T_{cc}(3875{)}^{+}$ which is observed in the $D^0{D}^0{\pi }^{+}$ invariant mass distribution. However, it remains an open question whether the virtual bound state found in the several LQCD simulations is actually linked to the LHCb experimental observation. In this article we perform an EFT-based analysis of the LQCD data and demostrate that a proper chiral extrapolation leads to a $T_{cc}$ pole compatible with experiment. At the physical pion mass, we find a virtual bound state with a binding energy $\Delta E=-0.06\left({}_{-2.20}^{+1.30}\right)\left({}_{-1.11}^{+0.50}\right)$. Moreover, we extract from a global analysis both, the light and heavy quark mass dependence of the $T_{cc}$ pole, and study the role of the $\rho$ and $\pi$ meson exchanges.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2025)·15 citations
23. 23*

    Leptonic probes of Alternative Left-Right Symmetric Models

    Mariana Frank🇨🇦 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Sumit K. Garg🇮🇳 · Chayan Majumdar🇬🇧 · Poulose Poulose🇮🇳 · Supriya Senapati🇺🇸

    We explore constraints on the parameter space of the alternative left-right model originating from the leptonic sector. Our analyses focuses on both lepton-flavour-conserving observables, particularly the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, and lepton-flavour-violating processes like $\mu \to e\gamma$ decay and $\mu -e$ conversions in nuclei. While contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment fall below the measured values at 2$\sigma$, current and future experimental sensitivities to flavour-violating branching rations of the Standard Model leptons are expected to impose lower bounds on the mass of the peculiar $SU(2{)}_R$ gauge boson of the model. This provides complementary constraints relative to existing limits, which are indirect and derived from collider bounds on the mass of the associated neutral gauge boson $Z^{\prime }$.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
24. 24*

    Electroweak Quantum Numbers in the $D_4$ Root System

    Henrik Jansson🇸🇪

    We introduce four fundamental quantum numbers based on the $D_4$ root system, giving a unified description of quarks and leptons. These numbers will make it possible to define electric charge in a simple way. By postulating a fundamental symmetry given by the binary tetrahedral group acting on this root system, we can easily prove conservation of electric charge. Also, possible electroweak interactions are given by a simple rule where the 24-cell acts on itself by quaternion multiplication. The three generations of fermions in the Standard Model are hereby identified with the three imaginary dimensions of the quaternions.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2025)·1 citation
25. 25*

    Renormalization of the SMEFT to dimension eight: Fermionic interactions I

    S. D. Bakshi🇺🇸 · M. Chala🇪🇸 · Á. Díaz-Carmona🇪🇸 · Z. Ren🇪🇸 · F. Vilches🇪🇸

    This is the third of a series of works (arxiv:2106.05291, arxiv:2205.03301) aimed at renormalizing the Standard Model effective field theory at one loop and to order $1/{\Lambda }^4$, with $\Lambda$ being the new physics cut-off. On this occasion, we concentrate on the running of two-fermion operators induced by pairs of dimension-six interactions. We work mostly off-shell, for which we obtain and provide a new and explicitly hermitian basis of dimension-eight Green's functions. All our results can be accessed in https://github.com/SMEFT-Dimension8-RGEs .

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·21 citations
26. 26*

    Solar Neutrinos and the Strongest Oscillation Constraints on Scalar NSI

    Peter B. Denton🇺🇸 · Alessio Giarnetti🇮🇹 · Davide Meloni🇮🇹

    Scalar non-standard neutrino interactions (sNSI) is a scenario where neutrinos can develop a medium dependent contribution to their mass due to a new scalar mediator. This scenario differs from the commonly discussed vector mediator case in that the oscillation effect scales with density rather than density and neutrino energy. Thus the strongest oscillation constraint comes from solar neutrinos which experience the largest density in a neutrino oscillation experiment. We derive constraints on all the sNSI parameters as well as the absolute neutrino mass scale by combining solar and reactor data and find solar neutrinos to be $>1$ order of magnitude more sensitive to sNSI than terrestrial probes such as long-baseline experiments.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2025)·24 citations
27. 27*

    Impact of parity violation on quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality

    Yong Du🇨🇳 · Xiao-Gang He🇨🇳 · Chia-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Jian-Ping Ma🇨🇳

    Quantum entanglement (QE), evidenced by Bell inequality (BI) violations, reveals the nonlocality of nature. Fundamental interactions manifest in various forms, each with distinct effects on QE and BI, but have not yet been studied in depth. We investigate in detail the relationship between QE, Bell nonlocality, and parity-violating interactions in spin-1/2 bipartite systems arising from the decays of spin-0 and spin-1 particles within the quantum field theory (QFT). Our findings reveal that parity (P) violation can completely disentangle particle pairs, rendering Bell tests ineffective in distinguishing between classical and quantum theories. In the spin-0 case, complete disentanglement occurs at maximal P violation, which is similarly true for spin-1 decays. Without restrictions from the QFT, the predicted relation between entanglement and the Bell nonlocality may no longer be valid and we propose promising methods for testing it. Additionally, we emphasize the previously overlooked influence of magnetic fields within detectors, which alters predictions for QE and Bell nonlocality. This environmental effect induces spurious P and charge-parity (CP) violations and thus has to be subtracted for genuine P, CP, and Bell tests.

    hep-phhep-exquant-phEPJC(2025)·22 citations
28. 28*

    Infrared Anomalous Dimensions at Three-Loop in the SM from Conserved Currents

    Michael Stadlbauer🇩🇪 · Tobias Theil🇩🇪

    We study the infrared structure of the Standard Model (SM) restricted to the first generation of fermions, including the full SM gauge group, up to three-loop order, and determine the resulting cusp and collinear anomalous dimensions for all gauge groups and particles of the theory. We observe that starting from three loops, the resulting cusp anomalous dimensions include terms involving two distinct couplings, contrary to previous claims in the literature. We give a detailed explanation of this observation and explore the origin of these terms. We provide a supplementary file where all infrared anomalous dimensions calculated in this work are collected. Our results are consistent with the existing literature wherever comparisons are possible.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·2 citations
29. 29*

    Contributions of ${\psi }_2(3823)$ and $\psi (4040)$ charmonium in $B^{+}\to J/\psi \eta K^{+}$ decay

    Elnaz Amirkhanlou🇮🇷 · Behnam Mohammadi🇮🇷

    Recently, a study on the $J/\psi \eta$ mass spectrum from $B^{+}\to J/\psi \eta K^{+}$ decays was reported by the LHCb detector. The results of this study are reported as a ratio of branching fractions as $F_X\equiv \frac{\mathcal{B}r(B^{+}\to X{K}^{+})\times \mathcal{B}r(X\to J/\psi \eta )}{\mathcal{B}r(B^{+}\to \psi (2S)K^{+})\times \mathcal{B}r(\psi (2S)\to J/\psi \eta )}$ for $X={\psi }_2(3823),\psi (4040)$, which are $(5.95_{-2.55}^{+3.38})\times 10^{-2}$ and $(40.60\pm 11.20)\times 10^{-2}$, respectively. Also, the products related to $B_X\equiv \mathcal{B}r(B^{+}\to X{K}^{+})\times \mathcal{B}r(X\to J/\psi \eta )$ branching fractions are $B_{{\psi }_2(3823)}=(1.25_{-0.53}^{+0.71}\pm 0.04)\times 10^{-6}$ and $B_{\psi (4040)}=(8.53\pm 2.35\pm 0.30)\times 10^{-6}$. For the first time, we calculated this branching fraction using factorization. According to our calculations, $F_X$ to be $F_{{\psi }_2(3823)}=(6.55\pm 1.88)\times 10^{-2}$ and $F_{\psi (4040)}=(14.33\pm 4.15)\times 10^{-2}$ at $\mu =m_b/2$. We have estimated $B_{{\psi }_2(3823)}=(0.26\pm 0.05)\times 10^{-6}$ at $\mu =m_b/2$ and $B_{\psi (4040)}=(2.88\pm 0.64)\times 10^{-6}$ at $\mu =2m_b$.

    hep-phhep-exFew Body Syst.(2025)·0 citations
30. 30*

    Description of the first order phase transition region of an equation of state for QCD with a critical point

    Jamie M. Karthein🇺🇸 · Volker Koch🇺🇸 · Claudia Ratti🇺🇸

    We map the mean-field Ising model equation of state onto the QCD phase diagram, and reconstruct the full coexistence region in the case of a first order phase transition. Beyond the coexistence line, we maintain access to the spinodal region in the phase diagram, thus providing a description of metastable and unstable phases of matter as well. In this way, our approach includes the super-heated hadronic phase and the super-cooled quark-gluon plasma, which are useful for hydrodynamic simulations of the fireball created in a heavy-ion collision at low collision energy, where a first order phase transition is expected. We discuss the features of the pressure and other thermodynamic observables as functions of temperature and baryonic chemical potential, in particular their behavior in the coexistence region. Finally, we compare our equation of state to other 3D-Ising model ones available in the literature.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2025)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Higgs Boson Searches at the LHC Beyond the Standard Model

    André Sopczak🇨🇿

    The latest results of Higgs boson searches beyond the Standard Model from the ATLAS and CMS experiments are reviewed. This includes searches for additional neutral, charged, and double charged Higgs-like bosons, searches for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson, and searches for new physics in Higgs boson production and decay processes. Interpretations are given within the hMSSM, a special parameterization of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, in which the mass of the lightest Higgs boson is set to the value of 125 GeV measured at the LHC.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phMDPI Physics(2024)·4 citations
32. 32*

    Survival of the Fittest: Testing Superradiance Termination with Simulated Binary Black Hole Statistics

    Hui-Yu Zhu🇨🇳 · Xi Tong🇬🇧 · Giorgio Manzoni🇨🇳 · Yanjiao Ma🇨🇳

    The superradiance instability of rotating black holes leads to the formation of an ultralight boson cloud with distinctive observational signatures, making black holes an effective probe of ultralight bosons. However, around black holes in a binary system, the superradiance effect of such clouds can be terminated by tidal perturbations from the companion, leading to cloud depletion. In this study, we focus on the superradiance of a scalar boson, and perform the first analysis of the impact of this termination effect on superradiant black hole binaries which are realistically modeled after their statistics in our Galaxy. Working with a dataset of approximately $10^7$ black hole binaries simulated using the Stellar EVolution for N-body (SEVN) population synthesis code, we identify the superradiant candidates and those that manage to survive the termination effect. We then calculate the cloud survival rate for various boson masses and black hole spin models. Our findings reveal that the $l=m=1$ cloud modes are generally stable against termination, whereas the $l=m=2$ modes can be significantly affected, with survival rates dropping below $10\%$ for boson masses below approximately $0.5\times 10^{-12}$ eV. In addition, our analysis indicates that clouds that overcome termination typically exhibit a higher superradiant growth rate and therefore a higher detectability.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phApJ(2025)·13 citations
33. 33*

    A new approach to handling factorial moment correlations through principal component analysis

    Nikolaos Davis🇵🇱

    Intermittency analysis of factorial moments is a promising method used for the detection of power-law scaling in high-energy collision data. In particular, it has been employed in the search of fluctuations characteristic of the critical point (CP) of strongly interacting matter. However, intermittency analysis has been hindered by the fact that factorial moments measurements corresponding to different scales are correlated, since the same data are conventionally used to calculate them. This invalidates many assumptions involved in fitting data sets and determining the best fit values of power-law exponents. We present a novel approach to intermittency analysis, employing the well-established statistical and data science tool of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This technique allows for the proper handling of correlations between scales without the need for subdividing the data sets available.

    ↳ physics.data-anhep-exhep-phnucl-thPLB(2025)·1 citation
34. 34*

    MSSM Based Theory for Planck Precision Results (2018), Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Solution of Cosmological Problems

    Debatosh Majumdar🇮🇳

    We demonstrate that precision measurements of cosmological parameters from the Planck Satellite Observatory (2018) can be accurately reproduced by calculating the masses of gauge bosons and their superpartners within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). Our approach utilizes combined decay product equations from these gauge supermultiplets. These results strongly support the Lambda-CDM cosmological standard model. Moreover, our equations predict the masses of the ordinary nucleon, a proposed anti-supersymmetric nucleon (as a dark matter candidate), and the Higgs boson in agreement with experimental values. Our theory addresses baryon number violation, lepton number violation, and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe. We anticipate that the masses of winos and anti-supersymmetric nucleons will be verified through Higgs boson decay in top-anti-top quark interactions at future high-energy hadron collider experiments.

    ↳ physics.gen-phhep-ph0 citations
35. 35*

    Shock breakouts from compact CSM surrounding core-collapse SN progenitors may contribute significantly to the observed $\gtrsim 10$ TeV neutrino background

    E. Waxman🇮🇱 · T. Wasserman🇮🇱 · E. Ofek🇮🇱 · A. Gal-Yam🇮🇱

    Growing observational evidence suggests that enhanced mass loss from the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) is common during $\sim 1$ yr preceding the explosion, creating an optically thick circum-stellar medium (CSM) shell at $\sim 10^{14.5}$ cm radii. We show that if such mass loss is indeed common, then the breakout of the SN shock through the dense CSM shell produces a neutrino flux that may account for a significant fraction of the observed $\gtrsim 10$ TeV neutrino background. The neutrinos are created within a few days from the explosion, during and shortly after the shock breakout, which produces also large UV (and later X-ray) luminosity. The compact size and large UV luminosity imply a pair production optical depth of $\sim 10^4$ for $>100$ GeV photons, naturally accounting for the lack of a high-energy gamma-ray background accompanying the neutrino background. SNe producing $>1$ neutrino event in a 1 km${}^2$ detector are expected at a rate of $\lesssim 0.1$/yr. A quantitative theory describing the evolution of the electromagnetic spectrum during a breakout, as the radiation-mediated shock is transformed into a collisionless one, is required to enable (i) using data from upcoming surveys that will systematically detect large numbers of young, $<1$ d old SNe, to determine the pre-explosion mass loss history of the SN progenitor population, and (ii) a quantitative determination of the neutrino luminosity and spectrum.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phApJ(2025)·11 citations
36. 36*

    Decay properties of light $1^{-+}$ hybrids

    Juzheng Liang🇨🇳 · Siyang Chen🇨🇳 · Ying Chen🇨🇳 · Chunjiang Shi🇨🇳 · Wei Sun🇨🇳

    We explore the decay properties of the isovector and isoscalar $1^{-+}$ light hybrids, ${\pi }_1$ and ${\eta }_1$, in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD at a pion mass $m_{\pi }\approx 417\mathrm{MeV}$. The McNeile and Michael method is adopted to extract the effective couplings for individual decay modes, which are used to estimate the partial decay widths of ${\pi }_1(1600)$ and ${\eta }_1(1855)$ by assuming SU(3) symmetry. The partial decay widths of ${\pi }_1(1600)$ are predicted to be $({\Gamma }_{b_1\pi },{\Gamma }_{f_1(1285)\pi },{\Gamma }_{\rho \pi },{\Gamma }_{K^{\ast }\bar{K}})=(325\pm 75,\mathcal{O}(10),52\pm 7,8.6\pm 1.3)\mathrm{MeV}$, and the total width is estimated to be $396\pm 90\mathrm{MeV}$, considering only statistical errors. If ${\eta }_1(1855)$ and the $4.4\sigma$ signal observed by BESIII (labeled as ${\eta }_1(2200)$) are taken as the two mass eigenstates of the isoscalar $1^{-+}$ light hybrids in SU(3), then the dominant decay channel(s) of ${\eta }_1(1855)$ (${\eta }_1(2200)$) is $K_1(1270)\bar{K}$ ($K_1(1270)\bar{K}$ and $K_1(1400)\bar{K}$) through the $1^{+(-)}{0}^{-(+)}$ mode. The vector-vector decay modes are also significant for the two ${\eta }_1$ states. Using the mixing angle $\alpha \approx 22.7^{\circ }$ obtained from lattice QCD for the two ${\eta }_1$ states, the total widths are estimated to be ${\Gamma }_{{\eta }_1(1855)}=282(85)\mathrm{MeV}$ and ${\Gamma }_{{\eta }_1(2200)}=455(143)\mathrm{MeV}$. The former is compatible with the experimental width of ${\eta }_1(1855)$. Although many systematic uncertainties are not well controlled, these results are qualitatively informative for the experimental search for light hybrids.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phSCPMA(2025)·5 citations
37. 37*

    Origin of Black Hole Spin in Lower-Mass-Gap Black Hole-Neutron Star Binaries

    Ying Qin · Zhen-Han-Tao Wang · Georges Meynet🇨🇭 · Rui-Chong Hu🇨🇳 · Chengjie Fu🇨🇳 · Xin-Wen Shu🇨🇳 · Zi-Yuan Wang🇨🇳 · Shuang-Xi Yi · Qing-Wen Tang🇮🇳 · Han-Feng Song🇨🇳 · En-Wei Liang🇨🇳

    During the fourth observing run, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration reported the detection of a coalescing compact binary (GW230529${}_{-}$181500) with component masses estimated at $2.5-4.5M_{\odot }$ and $1.2-2.0M_{\odot }$ with 90\% credibility. Given the current constraints on the maximum neutron star (NS) mass, this event is most likely a lower-mass-gap (LMG) black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binary. The spin magnitude of the BH, especially when aligned with the orbital angular momentum, is critical in determining whether the NS is tidally disrupted. An LMG BHNS merger with a rapidly spinning BH is an ideal candidate for producing electromagnetic counterparts. However, no such signals have been detected. In this study, we employ a detailed binary evolution model, incorporating new dynamical tide implementations, to explore the origin of BH spin in an LMG BHNS binary. If the NS forms first, the BH progenitor (He-rich star) must begin in orbit shorter than 0.35 days to spin up efficiently, potentially achieving a spin magnitude of ${\chi }_{\mathrm{BH}}>0.3$. Alternatively, if a non-spinning BH (e.g., $M_{\mathrm{BH}}=3.6M_{\odot }$) forms first, it can accrete up to $\sim 0.2M_{\odot }$ via Case BA mass transfer (MT), reaching a spin magnitude of ${\chi }_{\mathrm{BH}}\sim 0.18$ under Eddington-limited accretion. With a higher Eddington accretion limit (i.e., 10.0 $\text{Dot}{M}_{\mathrm{Edd}}$), the BH can attain a significantly higher spin magnitude of ${\chi }_{\mathrm{BH}}\sim 0.65$ by accreting approximately $1.0M_{\odot }$ during Case BA MT phase.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phAstron.Astrophys.(2024)·7 citations
38. 38*

    Simulating Schwinger model dynamics with quasi-one-dimensional qubit arrays

    Alessio Lerose🇬🇧

    Real-time dynamics of the Schwinger model provide an effective description of quark confinement out of equilibrium, routinely employed to model hadronization processes in particle-physics event generators. Ab-initio simulations of such non-perturbative processes are far beyond the reach of existing computational tools, and remain an outstanding open quest for quantum simulators to date. In this work we develop a general strategy to run Schwinger model dynamics on synthetic quantum spin lattices, such as neutral-atom or superconducting-qubit arrays. Our construction encodes the constrained fermionic and bosonic degrees of freedom of the model into the geometric shape of a magnetic interface. We show that global magnetic field patterns can drive coherent quantum dynamics of the interface equivalent to the lattice Schwinger Hamiltonian. We rigorously establish that the optimal array required for simulating real-time wave packet collisions and string fragmentation processes with accuracy $ϵ$ in the continuum field-theory limit, is a quasi-one-dimensional ribbon with polynomial length and polylogarithmic width in ${ϵ}^{-1}$. We finally discuss a concrete advantageous implementation using a state-of-the-art dual-species Rydberg atom array. This work opens up a path for near-term quantum simulators to address questions of immediate relevance to particle physics.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.str-elhep-lat+16 citations
39. 39*

    Isospin-symmetry breaking in kaon production: the role of charge-symmetry

    Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱

    An excess of charged versus neutral kaons has been recently reported by the NA61/SHINE collaboration. Similar excesses were also present in previous experiments, even if with larger errors. Models for hadron productions in heavy ion collisions systematically underestimate the measured charge-to-neutral kaon ratio. In this report, we comment on the role of charge-symmetry as a specific isospin transformation. In particular, we show that the ensemble of the initial colliding nuclei being charge-symmetric is sufficient for producing an equal number of charged and neutral kaons in the isospin-symmetry exact limit.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·3 citations
40. 40*

    Heavy Flavour Energy Loss in Small and Large Systems

    Coleridge Faraday🇿🇦 · W. A. Horowitz🇿🇦

    We present suppression results for high-$p_T$ $D$ and $\pi$ mesons produced in $p/d+A$ and $A+A$ collisions at RHIC and LHC. These results are computed using a convolved elastic and radiative energy loss model, which receives small system size corrections to both the elastic and radiative energy loss. We observe that suppression in small systems is almost entirely due to elastic energy loss; furthermore, we find that our model is acutely sensitive to the transition between hard thermal loop and vacuum propagators in the elastic energy loss. Finally, we consider the central limit theorem approximation, which is commonly used to model the elastic energy loss distribution as Gaussian.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·1 citation
41. 41*

    Field redefinition and its impact in relativistic hydrodynamics

    Sayantani Bhattacharyya🇬🇧 · Sukanya Mitra🇮🇳 · Shuvayu Roy🇮🇳 · Rajeev Singh🇷🇴

    In this paper, we explore the impact of field redefinition on the spectrum of linearized perturbations in relativistic hydrodynamics. We observe that the spectrum of hydrodynamics modes is never affected by the local field redefinition, however, the spectrum of the non-hydrodynamic modes is affected. Through an appropriate all-order redefinition, non-hydrodynamic modes can be eliminated, leading to a new frame where the spectrum contains only hydrodynamic modes. We also observe that the resulting stress-energy tensor may have an infinite series in momentum space, with a convergence radius linked to the eliminated non-hydrodynamic mode. In certain special cases, higher-order terms in the stress-energy tensor under field redefinition may cancel, indicating that non-hydrodynamic modes are mere artefacts of the fluid variable choice and hold no physical significance, even if they appear to violate physical constraints. Using a special toy example, we find a criterion to distinguish between physical and unphysical non-hydrodynamic modes.

    ↳ nucl-thgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·11 citations
42. 42*

    Varieties of four-dimensional gauge theories

    Ben Gripaios🇬🇧 · Khoi Le Nguyen Nguyen🇬🇧

    We use algebraic geometry to study the anomaly-free representations of an arbitrary gauge Lie algebra for 4-dimensional spacetime fermions. For irreducible representations, the problem reduces to studying the Lie algebras ${\mathfrak{su}}_n$ for $n\ge 3$. We show that there exist equivalence classes of such representations that are in bijection with the rational points on a projective variety that are dense in a region of the underlying real variety diffeomorphic to ${\mathbb{R}}^{n-3}$. It follows that the chiral ones overwhelm the non-chiral ones for $n\ge 5$. We present an efficient algorithm to find explicit anomaly-free irreducible representations and discuss the generalization to reducible representations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath.AGJHEP(2024)·5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.