Mon·Sep 23, 2024Monday·September 23, 2024

1. 01*

   Consequences of Minimal Entanglement in Bosonic Field Theories

   Spencer Chang🇺🇸 · Gabriel Jacobo🇺🇸

   In this paper, we study a recently discovered connection between scattering that minimally entangles and emergent symmetries. In a perturbative expansion, we have generalized the constraints of minimal entanglement scattering, beyond qubits, to general qudits of dimension $d.$ Interestingly, projecting on any qubit subspaces, the constraints factorize, so that it is consistent to analyze minimal entanglement by looking at all such subspaces. We start by looking at toy models with two scalar fields, finding that minimal entanglement only allows quartic couplings which have instabilities at large field values and no symmetries. For the two Higgs doublet model, by considering $H^{+}{H}^{-}\to H^{+}{H}^{-}$ scattering, we show that minimal entanglement in this channel does not allow an interacting parameter point with enhanced symmetries. These results show that the connection between minimal entanglement and symmetries depends strongly on the scattering channels analyzed and we speculate on the potential resolutions.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·23 citations
2. 02*

   Tripartite entanglement from experimental data: $B^0\to K^{\ast 0}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ as a case study

   Roberto A. Morales🇦🇷 · Alejandro Szynkman🇦🇷

   We develop an angular analysis based on the reconstruction of the helicity amplitudes from dedicated experimental data corresponding to the tripartite state composed by one qutrit and two qubits, which arises in the three-body decays of a spin zero particle into one vector and a fermion pair. Starting from the associated spin density matrix of the final state, entanglement quantifiers were investigated and the corresponding significances were determined up to second order in the error propagation of the uncertainties of the angular measurements. As an application of our analysis, we performed a full quantum tomography of the final state in the $B^0\to K^{\ast 0}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decays using data recorded by LHCb collaboration. We found the presence of genuine quantum entanglement of the final state and also in both kaon-muon and di-muon subsystems. In recent years, $B$ meson decays received significant attention from both experimental and theoretical sides, and the proposed observables provide novel perspectives for studying them. Furthermore, this analysis could be also applied to other several processes if the complete experimental data were available for the helicity amplitudes reconstruction.

   hep-phhep-exquant-ph1 citation
3. 03*

   Radio Lines from accreting Axion Stars

   Dennis Maseizik🇩🇪 · Sagnik Mondal🇺🇸 · Hyeonseok Seong🇩🇪 · Günter Sigl🇩🇪

   Axion-like particles, which we call axions, can compose the missing dark matter and may form substructures such as miniclusters and axion stars. We obtain the mass distributions of axion stars derived from their host miniclusters in our galaxy and find a significant number of axion stars reaching the decay mass, the critical mass set by the axion-photon coupling. Axion stars that have reached the decay mass can accrete surrounding axions either via or directly from their host miniclusters, subsequently converting them into radio photons through parametric resonance. We demonstrate that this accretion provides observable signals by proposing two scenarios: 1) external accretion of background dark matter occurring via miniclusters, and 2) internal accretion of isolated systems occurring directly from the minicluster onto its core. The emitted radio photons are nearly monochromatic with energies around the half of the axion mass. The radio-line signal emanating from such axion stars provides a distinctive opportunity searching for axions, overcoming the widespread radio backgrounds. We estimate the expected radio-line flux density to constrain the axion-photon coupling $g_{a\gamma \gamma }$ at each axion mass and find that the resultant line flux density is strong enough to be observed in radio telescopes such as LOFAR, FAST, ALMA, and upcoming SKA. We can constrain the axion-photon coupling down to $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\simeq 10^{-12}-10^{-11}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$, reaching even $10^{-13}{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ depending on the accretion models of axion stars, over an axion mass range of $m_a\simeq 10^{-7}-10^{-2}\mathrm{eV}$. From a different perspective, this radio-line signal could be a strong hint of an axion at the corresponding mass and also of axion stars within our galaxy.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2025)·8 citations
4. 04*

   A Field Guide to Event-Shape Observables Using Optimal Transport

   Cari Cesarotti🇺🇸 · Matt LeBlanc🇺🇸

   We lay out the phenomenological behavior of event-shape observables evaluated by solving optimal transport problems between collider events and reference geometries -- which we name 'manifold distances' -- to provide guidance regarding their use in future studies. This discussion considers several choices related to the metric used to quantify these distances. We explore the differences between the various options, using a combination of analytical studies and simulated minimum-bias and multi-jet events. Making judicious choices when defining the metric and reference geometry can improve sensitivity to interesting signal features and reduce sensitivity to non-perturbative effects in QCD. The goal of this article is to provide a 'field guide' that can inform how choices made when defining a manifold distance can be tailored for the analysis at-hand.

   hep-phJHEP(2020)·7 citations
5. 05*

   Self-consistent $M1$ radiative transitions of excited $B_c$ and heavy quarkonia with different polarizations in the light-front quark model

   Muhammad Ridwan🇮🇩 · Ahmad Jafar Arifi🇯🇵 · Terry Mart🇮🇩

   In this study, we investigate the properties of pseudoscalar and vector charmonia, bottomonia, and $B_c$ mesons using the light-front quark model, focusing on the $M1$ radiative transition. For that purpose, we conduct a variational analysis with a QCD-motivated effective Hamiltonian, employing a trial wave function expanded in the harmonic oscillator basis functions up to the $3S$ state. We fit the model parameters to mass spectra and decay constants, obtaining reasonable agreement with experimental data and correctly reflecting the hierarchy of mass spectra and decay constants. In analyzing the $M1$ radiative transition, we consider both good ($\mu =+$) and transverse ($\mu =\perp$) current components with both longitudinal $(h=0)$ and transverse $(h=\pm 1)$ polarizations, demonstrating that the results from both components of currents and polarizations are identical. Self-consistency is achieved by substituting $M$ with $M_0$ when computing the operators for decay constants and radiative transitions. We also find that the difference between longitudinal and transverse polarizations of the observables may quantify the anisotropy of the model wave function. Our results on radiative transitions align reasonably well with experimental data, lattice QCD, and theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we also provide predictions for $B_c$ mesons that can be tested in experiments.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·18 citations
6. 06*

   Dispersive analysis of the isospin breaking in the $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0{\pi }^{-}$ decays

   Jorgivan Morais Dias🇨🇳 · Teng Ji🇩🇪 · Xiang-Kun Dong🇩🇪 · Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Christoph Hanhart🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Yu Zhang🇨🇳 · Zhen-Hua Zhang🇨🇳

   We analyze the latest LHCb data on the ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ spectrum in the isospin-violating $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ decay, based on dispersion theory to deal with the $\pi \pi$ final state interactions. Additionally, the isospin breaking effects are properly introduced, allowing for a reliable and accurate extraction of the ratio, $R_X$, between the $X(3872)$ couplings to the $J/\psi \rho$ and $J/\psi \omega$ channels from the data. We find very good agreement with the LHCb data for the whole range of the ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ invariant mass, and $R_X$ is determined to be {$0.26\pm 0.03$}. Using this value, we make predictions for the ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0{\pi }^{-}$ mass distribution in the $X(3872)\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^0{\pi }^{-}$ process, which is currently accessible by the BESIII Collaboration, and update a prediction for the pole positions of the isovector partner states of the $X(3872)$, $W_{c1}$, with $I(J^{PC})=1(1^{++})$.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·16 citations
7. 07*

   Maximal flavor violating $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model with singly-charged scalar

   Fei Huang🇨🇳 · Jin Sun🇰🇷

   The $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ $Z^{\prime }$ model has emerged as a promising candidate to address the longstanding muon $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly. Flavor-conserving $Z^{\prime }$ interactions are subject to stringent constraints from the neutrino trident process and NA64$\mu$ experiments, which limit the $Z^{\prime }$ mass to $m_{Z^{\prime }}<40$ MeV. To circumvent these constraints, flavor-conserving $Z^{\prime }$ interactions can be converted into maximal flavor-violating interactions through a discrete exchange symmetry. Maximal flavor-violating $Z^{\prime }$ interactions contribute to $\tau \to \mu \nu \bar{\nu }$ via the neutral current, yet the parameter space for this process conflicts with the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ allowed regions. To resolve this conflict, we propose introducing a singly-charged scalar that mediates via charged current interactions. This scalar is anticipated to produce a negative contribution to the lepton $(g-2{)}_l$ while concurrently inducing the tau decay $\tau \to \mu \nu \bar{\nu }$. Three distinct scenarios arise from the introduction of singly-charged scalars: the ${\mathcal{O}}_{LL}$ operator, driven by weak singlet and triplet, and the ${\mathcal{O}}_{LR}$ operator, driven by weak doublet. Our analysis of the phenomenology in these three cases reveals that the tension between the muon $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly and $\tau \to \mu \nu \bar{\nu }$ for large $Z^{\prime }$ masses can be effectively alleviated only by the singly-charged scalars from the weak triplet, whereas the singlet and doublet scenarios fall short. Furthermore, the singly-charged scalars from the weak triplet offer an additional explanation for the electron $(g-2{)}_e$ anomaly. Our findings indicate that weak triplets could play a crucial role in $Z^{\prime }$ models, potentially providing valuable insights for future research into $U(1)$ frameworks.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·4 citations
8. 08*

   Can charm fluctuation be a better probe to study QCD critical point?

   Kangkan Goswami🇮🇳 · Kshitish Kumar Pradhan🇮🇳 · Dushmanta Sahu🇮🇳 · Jayanta Dey🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

   We study the diffusion properties of an interacting hadron gas and evaluate the diffusion coefficient matrix for the baryon, strange, electric, and charm quantum numbers. For the first time, this study sheds light on the charm current and estimates the diffusion matrix coefficient for the charmed states by treating them as a part of the quasi-thermalized medium. We explore the diffusion matrix coefficient as a function of temperature and center-of-mass energy. A van der Waals-like interaction is assumed between the hadrons, including attractive and repulsive interactions. The calculation of diffusion coefficients is based on relaxation time approximation to the Boltzmann transport equation. A good agreement with available model calculations is observed in the hadronic limit. To conclude the study, we discuss, with a detailed explanation, that charm fluctuation is expected to be a better tool for probing the QCD critical point.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·7 citations
9. 09*

   NNLO beam functions for angularity distributions

   Guido Bell🇩🇪 · Kevin Brune🇩🇪 · Goutam Das🇩🇪 · Marcel Wald🇩🇪

   The popular class of angularity event shapes provides a wealth of information on the hadronic final-state distribution in collider events. While initially proposed for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions, angularities have more recently attracted considerable interest as a jet substructure observable at hadron colliders. Moreover, angularities can be measured as a global event shape in deep inelastic electron-nucleon scattering (DIS), and the respective factorisation theorem contains a beam function that parametrises the collinear initial-state radiation. In the present work, we compute the quark and gluon beam functions for seven different angularities to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the strong-coupling expansion. Our calculation is based on an automated framework that was previously developed for SCET-2 observables, and which we transfer in the current work to the generic SCET-1 case. Our results are relevant for resumming DIS angularity distributions at NNLL${}^{\prime }$ accuracy.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·3 citations
10. 10*

    Tree-level unitarity constraints on heavy neutral leptons

    Kevin A. Urquía-Calderón🇩🇰 · Inar Timiryasov🇩🇰 · Oleg Ruchayskiy🇩🇰

    Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) can explain the origin of neutrino masses and oscillations over a wide range of masses. Direct experimental probes of HNLs become unfeasible for masses significantly above the electroweak scale.Consequently, the strongest limits arise from the non-observation of charged lepton flavor-violating processes induced by HNLs at loop level.Counter-intuitively, these bounds tighten as the HNL mass increases, an effect that persists within the perturbative regime. This work explores the precise form of these bounds for HNLs with masses well beyond the electroweak scale by analyzing the full matrix of partial waves (tree-level unitarity). At high energies, the HNL model simplifies to a Yukawa theory, allowing unitarity constraints to be expressed in terms of the total Yukawa coupling ${\left|Y_{\mathrm{tot}}\right|}^2$ involving HNLs, lepton doublets, and the Higgs boson. Processes with $J=0$ and $J=1/2$ yield the well-known result ${\left|Y_{\mathrm{tot}}\right|}^2\le 8\pi$. However, the most stringent result arises from processes with $J=1$, which is given by ${\left|Y_{\mathrm{tot}}\right|}^2\le 4\pi (\sqrt{5}-1)=8\pi /\phi \approx 15.533$, where $\phi$ is the Golden ratio. These results remain valid provided that the Yukawa matrix has rank 1, a condition approximately satisfied in models with two or three HNLs, with large mixing angles, and radiactively small neutrino masses. Finally, we determine the maximum mass that an HNL can have in the type-I seesaw model while remaining the sole source of neutrino masses.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·6 citations
11. 11*

    Assessing Uncertainties in Parton Showers at Double Logarithmic Accuracy for Jet Quenching Studies

    Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Liliana Apolinário🇵🇹 · Néstor Armesto🇪🇸 · André Cordeiro🇵🇹 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · José Guilherme Milhano🇵🇹

    This paper assesses the uncertainties inherent to parton shower simulations at double logarithmic accuracy, with a focus on their impact on jet quenching studies in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. For that purpose, we developed a massless quark-initiated vacuum parton shower toy-model with different evolution variables, such as inverse formation time, invariant squared mass, and squared opening angle. In addition to the effects of varying the ordering variable we further examine their corresponding kinematic reconstructions. The results highlight how these variations influence key distributions, including the number of splittings, angular and transverse momentum distribution of subsequent emissions. We also analyse the Lund distributions and their average trajectories, revealing that the choice of ordering variable has a significantly greater impact on the vacuum parton shower evolution than the kinematic scheme, particularly in large-angle emission regions. When a simple jet quenching model based on decoherence is implemented, we observe that the fraction of quenched events is sensitive to the ordering prescription, especially for the first splitting and thin media, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of the branching process in the presence of an extended QCD media.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·3 citations
12. 12*

    Dilaton generation during the propagation of magnetic dipole radiation of a rotating neutron star through the Coulomb field of charged particle

    M.O. Astashenkov🇷🇺 · P.A. Vshivtseva🇷🇺 · E.T. Einiev🇷🇺

    According to the Dilaton-Einstein-Maxwell theory, dilatons can be generated by electromagnetic fields with a non-zero the Maxwell tensor invariant. This research focuses on the dilaton generation while magnetic dipole radiation from a rotating neutron star propagates through a Coulomb field created by a point-charged particle. The exact solution of the dilaton field equation has been obtained, and the angular distribution of dilaton generation has been established.

    hep-phPhys.Scripta(2025)·1 citation
13. 13*

    Induced gravitational waves, metastable cosmic strings and primordial black holes in GUTs

    Rinku Maji🇰🇷 · Ahmad Moursy🇪🇬 · Qaisar Shafi🇺🇸

    We explore the cosmological and astrophysical implications of a realistic hybrid inflation model based on flipped $SU(5)$. The model contains superheavy metastable cosmic strings arising from a waterfall field that encounters a limited number of $e$-foldings during the inflationary phase. In addition to the gravitational waves emitted by the metastable strings, there also appear scalar induced gravitational waves linked to the waterfall phase transition. These two independent sources of gravitational waves can yield a combined spectrum that is compatible with the recent PTA measurements, and with additional features that can be probed in future experiments. We also show the appearance of primordial black holes with mass on the order of $10^{29}$ g from the waterfall phase transition, and with an abundance that can be tested in the gravitational lensing experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2025)·18 citations
14. 14*

    Photo-production of axions and neutrinos in compact objects

    Miguel Vanvlasselaer🇧🇪

    Compact stellar objects like supernovae and neutron stars cool by the emission of light particles like neutrinos and axions from their very dense interiors. In this article, we study in detail the photo-production of axions and neutrinos. We point out that this channel is an unavoidable consequence of the existence of the anomaly-induced Wess-Zumino-Witten term and compute the relevant cooling rates. We then perform a complementary data-driven study where the rate of photo-production can be estimated from low-energy pion photo-production data. We however conclude that the cooling rates induced by the photo-production of axions and neutrinos are typically sub-dominant with respect to the main channels usually included.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation
15. 15*

    Evaporating Axion Dark Matter and the Hubble Constant

    Daniel Aloni🇺🇸 · Hengameh Bagherian🇺🇸 · Rashmish K. Mishra🇺🇸

    Axion-like particles are a well-motivated dark matter candidate that can form a condensate with low momentum and high occupation number. In the presence of dark radiation, this condensate loses energy, naturally increasing the energy density of the universe around matter-radiation equality without requiring additional inputs. This general mechanism may offer a solution to the Hubble tension.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO3 citations
16. 16*

    Light in the Shadows: Primordial Black Holes Making Dark Matter Shine

    Kaustubh Agashe🇺🇸 · Manuel Buen-Abad🇺🇸 · Jae Hyeok Chang🇺🇸 · Steven J. Clark🇺🇸 · Bhaskar Dutta🇺🇸 · Yuhsin Tsai🇺🇸 · Tao Xu🇺🇸

    We consider the possibility of indirect detection of dark sector processes by investigating a novel form of interaction between ambient dark matter (DM) and primordial black holes (PBHs). The basic scenario we envisage is that the ambient DM is ``dormant'', \ie, it has interactions with the SM, but its potential for an associated SM signal is not realized for various reasons. We argue that the presence of PBHs with active Hawking radiation (independent of any DM considerations) can act as a catalyst in this regard by overcoming the aforementioned bottlenecks. The central point is that PBHs radiate all types of particles, whether in the standard model (SM) or beyond (BSM), which have a mass at or below their Hawking temperature. The emission of such radiation is ``democratic" (up to the particle spin), since it is based on a coupling of sorts of gravitational origin. In particular, such shining of (possibly dark sector) particles onto ambient DM can then activate the latter into giving potentially observable SM signals. We illustrate this general mechanism with two specific models. First, we consider asymmetric DM, which is characterized by an absence of ambient anti-DM, and consequently the absence of DM indirect detection signals. In this case, PBHs can ``resurrect'' such a signal by radiating anti-DM, which then annihilates with ambient DM in order to give SM particles such as photons. In our second example, we consider the PBH emission of dark gauge bosons which can excite ambient DM into a heavier state (which is, again, not ambient otherwise), this heavier state later decays back into DM and photons. Finally, we demonstrate that we can obtain observable signals of these BSM models from asteroid-mass PBHs (Hawking radiating currently with $\sim \mathcal{O}(\mathrm{MeV})$ temperatures) at gamma-ray experiments such as AMEGO-X.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2025)·3 citations
17. 17*

    Probing Celestial Energy and Charge Correlations through Real-Time Quantum Simulations: Insights from the Schwinger Model

    João Barata🇺🇸 · Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸

    Motivated by recent developments in the application of light-ray operators (LROs) in high energy physics, we propose a new strategy to study correlation functions of LROs through real-time quantum simulations. We argue that quantum simulators provide an ideal laboratory to explore the properties LROs in lower-dimensional quantum field theories (QFTs). This is exemplified in the 1+1-d Schwinger model, employing tensor network methods, focusing on the calculation of energy and charge correlators. Despite some challenges in extracting the necessary correlation functions from the lattice the methodology used can be extended to real quantum devices.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thquant-phPRD(2025)·26 citations
18. 18*

    Plausible constraints and inflationary production for dark photons

    James M. Cline🇨🇦 · Gonzalo Herrera🇺🇸

    Generic constraints on dark photons are generally presented assuming they have Stueckelberg masses. These constraints are strengthened if instead the mass is due to the Higgs mechanism and the dark Higgs is light. First, we show that under reasonable assumptions on the origin of kinetic mixing $ϵ$ and perturbativity, the strengthened constraints on $ϵ$ cannot be arbitrarily relaxed by making the Higgs heavy. Second, we demonstrate a simple mechanism for generating dark photon dark matter after inflation, where fluctuations of a dark Higgs by stochastic misalignment can produce stable dark photons through $h\to A^{\prime }{A}^{\prime }$ decay. Third, we point out new lower bounds on $ϵ$ in the case where the dark photon mediates thermal freeze-out of light dark matter by $s$-channel exchange, taking account of generic expectations for the size of $ϵ$, and astrophysical upper bounds on the self-interaction cross section.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·18 citations
19. 19*

    Signal model parameter scan using Normalizing Flow

    Masahiko Saito🇯🇵 · Masahiro Morinaga🇯🇵 · Tomoe Kishimoto🇯🇵 · Junichi Tanaka🇯🇵

    This paper presents a parameter scan technique for BSM signal models based on normalizing flow. Normalizing flow is a type of deep learning model that transforms a simple probability distribution into a complex probability distribution as an invertible function. By learning an invertible transformation between a complex multidimensional distribution, such as experimental data observed in collider experiments, and a multidimensional normal distribution, the normalizing flow model gains the ability to sample (or generate) pseudo experimental data from random numbers and to evaluate a log-likelihood value from multidimensional observed events. The normalizing flow model can also be extended to take multidimensional conditional variables as arguments. Thus, the normalizing flow model can be used as a generator and evaluator of pseudo experimental data conditioned by the BSM model parameters. The log-likelihood value, the output of the normalizing flow model, is a function of the conditional variables. Therefore, the model can quickly calculate gradients of the log-likelihood to the conditional variables. Following this property, it is expected that the most likely set of conditional variables that reproduce the experimental data, i.e. the optimal set of parameters for the BSM model, can be efficiently searched. This paper demonstrates this on a simple dataset and discusses its limitations and future extensions.

    ↳ physics.data-anhep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
20. 20*

    Theoretical study of the $\Xi \alpha$ correlation function

    Yuki Kamiya🇩🇪 · Asanosuke Jinno🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵 · Akira Ohnishi🇯🇵

    We study $\Xi$-${}^4\mathrm{He}$ ($\alpha$) momentum correlation functions in the high-energy nuclear collisions to investigate the nature of the $\Xi N$ interactions. We employ the folding $\Xi \alpha$ potential based on the lattice QCD $\Xi N$ interactions to compute the correlation function. The $\Xi \alpha$ potential supports a Coulomb-assisted bound state ${}_{\Xi }^5\mathrm{H}$ in the ${\Xi }^{-}\alpha$ channel, while the ${\Xi }^0\alpha$ channel is unbound. To examine the sensitivity of the correlation function to the nature of the $\Xi \alpha$ interaction, we vary the potential strength simulating stronger and weaker interactions. The result of the correlation function is sensitive to the existence of the bound state in the ${\Xi }^0\alpha$ channel, and the characteristic behavior of the bound state remains also in the ${\Xi }^{-}\alpha$ correlation with the Coulomb interaction. The effect of the repulsive core of the $\Xi \alpha$ potential can be found in the correlation from the small source as the distinctive dip in the intermediate momentum region.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2026)·15 citations
21. 21*

    Searching for displaced vertices with a gaseous tracker for a future e${}^{+}$e${}^{-}$ Higgs factory

    Jan Klamka🇵🇱 · Aleksander Filip Zarnecki🇵🇱

    This paper presents results of the first full simulation study addressing prospects for observation of long-lived particles (LLPs) with the International Large Detector (ILD), operating at the International Linear Collider (ILC) at $\sqrt{s}=250$ GeV. Neutral LLP production, resulting in a displaced vertex signature inside the ILD's time projection chamber (TPC), is considered. We focus on scenarios interesting from the experimental perspective and perform a search based on displaced vertex finding inside the TPC volume. Two experimentally challenging scenarios are explored: the first involving very soft final states due to a small mass splitting between a heavy LLP and the dark matter particle to which it decays, and the second with production of a light and therefore highly boosted LLP resulting in almost colinear vertex tracks. The expected limits on the signal production cross section are presented for a wide range of the LLP proper lifetimes corresponding to $c\tau$ from 0.1 mm to 10 km.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phJHEP(2025)·6 citations
22. 22*

    Physics-informed renormalisation group flows

    Friederike Ihssen🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪

    The physics of strongly correlated systems offers some of the most intriguing physics challenges such as competing orders or the emergence of dynamical composite degrees of freedom. Often, the resolution of these physics challenges is computationally hard, but can be simplified enormously by a formulation in terms of the dynamical degrees of freedom and within an expansion about the physical ground state. Importantly, such a formulation does not only reduce or minimise the computational challenges, it also facilitates the access to the physics mechanisms at play. The tasks of finding the dynamical degrees of freedom and the physical ground state can be systematically addressed within the functional renormalisation group approach with flowing fields which accommodates both, emergent composites as well as the physical ground state. In the present work we use this approach to set up physics-informed renormalisation group flows (PIRG flows): Scale-dependent coordinate transformations in field space induce emergent composites, and the respective flows for the effective action generate a large set of target actions, formulated in these emergent composite fields. This novel perspective on RG flows bears a great potential both for conceptual as well as computational applications: to begin with, PIRG flows allow for a systematic search of the dynamical degrees of freedom and the respective ground state that leads to the most rapid convergence of expansion schemes, thus minimising the computational effort. Secondly, the resolution of the remaining computational tasks within a given expansion scheme can be further reduced by optimising the physics content within a given approximation. Thirdly, the maximal variability of PIRG flows can be used to reduce the analytic and numerical effort of solving the flows within a given approximation.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phAnnals Phys.(2025)·27 citations
23. 23*

    Bayesian forecasting with information theory

    Mohammad Hossein Namjoo🇮🇷

    Forecasting techniques for assessing the power of future experiments to discriminate between theories or discover new laws of nature are of great interest in many areas of science. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian forecasting method using information theory. We argue that mutual information is a suitable quantity to study in this context. Besides being Bayesian, this proposal has the advantage of not relying on the choice of fiducial parameters, describing the "true" theory (which is a priori unknown), and is applicable to any probability distribution. We demonstrate that the proposed method can be used for parameter estimation and model selection, both of which are of interest concerning future experiments. We argue that mutual information has plausible interpretation in both situations. In addition, we state a number of propositions that offer information-theoretic meaning to some of the Bayesian practices such as performing multiple experiments, combining different datasets, and marginalization.

    ↳ physics.data-anastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-ex+20 citations
24. 24*

    Gauge Loop-String-Hadron Formulation on General Graphs and Applications to Fully Gauge Fixed Hamiltonian Lattice Gauge Theory

    I. M. Burbano🇺🇸 · Christian W. Bauer🇺🇸

    We develop a gauge invariant, Loop-String-Hadron (LSH) based representation of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory defined on a general graph consisting of vertices and half-links. Inspired by weak coupling studies, we apply this technique to maximal tree gauge fixing. This allows us to develop a fully gauge fixed representation of the theory in terms of LSH quantum numbers. We explicitly show how the quantum numbers in this formulation directly relate to the variables in the magnetic description. In doing so, we will also explain in detail the way that the Kogut-Susskind formulation, prepotentials, and point splitting, work for general graphs. In the appendix of this work we provide a self-contained exposition of the mathematical details of Hamiltonian pure gauge theories defined on general graphs.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thquant-phJHEP(2025)·31 citations
25. 25*

    Interpolation of rational functions in loop calculations by using p-adic numbers

    Herschel A. Chawdhry🇺🇸

    The calculation and manipulation of large multi-variable rational functions is a key bottleneck in multi-loop calculations. In these conference proceedings, based on my article [Chawdhry (2023) arXiv:2312.03672], I present a technique to interpolate such rational functions in a compact form by evaluating them at special integer points chosen for their properties under a $p$-adic absolute value. I apply the technique to examples of large rational functions appearing in 2-loop 5-point massless non-planar amplitude calculations in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The number of required numerical probes (per field) is found to be around 25 times smaller than in conventional techniques, and the obtained result is 130 times smaller.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.