Thu·Jul 4, 2024Thursday·July 4, 2024

1. 01*

   A Precise Fitting Formula for Gravitational Wave Spectra from Phase Transitions

   Huai-ke Guo🇨🇳 · Fazlollah Hajkarim🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸 · Graham White🇬🇧 · Yang Xiao🇨🇳

   Obtaining a precise form for the predicted gravitational wave (GW) spectrum from a phase transition is a topic of great relevance for beyond Standard Model (BSM) physicists. Currently, the most sophisticated semi-analytic framework for estimating the dominant contribution to the spectrum is the sound shell model; however, full calculations within this framework can be computationally expensive, especially for large-scale scans. The community therefore generally manages with fit functions to the GW spectrum, the most widely used of which is a single broken power law. We provide a more precise fit function based on the sound shell model: our fit function features a double broken power law with two frequency breaks corresponding to the two characteristic length scales of the problem -- inter-bubble spacing and thickness of sound shells, the second of which is neglected in the single broken power law fit. Compared to previously proposed fits, we demonstrate that our fit function more faithfully captures the GW spectrum coming from a full calculation of the sound shell model, over most of the space of the thermodynamic parameters governing the phase transition. The physical origins of the fit parameters and their dependence on the thermodynamic parameters are studied in the underlying sound shell model: in particular, we perform a series of detailed scans for these quantities over the plane of the strength of the phase transition ($\alpha$) and the bubble wall velocity ($v_w$). Wherever possible, we comment on the physical interpretations of these scans. The result of our study can be used to generate accurate GW spectra with our fit function, given initial inputs of $\alpha$, $v_w$, $\beta /H$ (nucleation rate parameter) and $T_n$ (nucleation temperature) for the relevant BSM scenario.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJCAP(2025)·16 citations
2. 02*

   Leptogenesis in Realistic Flipped SU(5)

   Stephen F. King🇬🇧 · George K. Leontaris🇬🇷 · Luca Marsili🇪🇸 · Ye-Ling Zhou🇨🇳

   We study thermal leptogenesis in realistic supersymmetric flipped $SU(5)\times U(1)$ unification. As up-type quarks and neutrinos are arranged in the same multiplets, they exhibit strong correlations, and it is commonly believed that the masses of right-handed (RH) neutrinos are too hierarchical to fit the low-energy neutrino data. This pattern generally predicts a lightest RH neutrino too light to yield successful leptogenesis, with any lepton-antilepton asymmetry generated from heavier neutrinos being washed out unless special flavour structures are assumed. We propose a different scenario in which the lightest two RH neutrinos $N_1$ and $N_2$ have nearby masses of order $10^9$ GeV, with thermal leptogenesis arising non-resonantly from both $N_1$ and $N_2$. We show that this pattern is consistent with all data on fermion masses and mixing and predicts the lightest physical left-handed neutrino mass to be smaller than about $10^{-7}$~eV. The Dirac phase, which does not take the maximal CP-violating value, plays an important role in leptogenesis.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·4 citations
3. 03*

   Neutrino Lorentz invariance violation and ultralight axion-like dark matter searches at the European Spallation Source

   Rubén Cordero🇲🇽 · Luis A. Delgadillo🇲🇽

   The dark matter conundrum stands out as one of the central challenges to understand in both particle physics and cosmology. The ultralight axion-like particle (UALP) is an appealing dark matter candidate that can be searched for in neutrino oscillation experiments. In this work, we examine the interaction among neutrinos and a UALP; such interaction might induce violations of the Lorentz and $CPT$ symmetries. We assess the sensitivity to both the isotropic $CPT-$odd Standard Model Extension (SME) coefficients $(a_L{)}^T$ and effective neutrino-UALP couplings $\tilde{g}$ at the next-to-next generation neutrino oscillation experiment at the European Spallation Source (ESS).

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Discovery Prospects for the Light Charged Higgs Boson Decay to an Off-Shell Top Quark and a Bottom Quark at Future High-Energy Colliders

   Jinheung Kim🇰🇷 · Soojin Lee🇰🇷 · Prasenjit Sanyal🇰🇷 · Jeonghyeon Song🇰🇷 · Daohan Wang🇦🇹

   The charged Higgs boson ($H^{\pm }$) with a mass below the top quark mass remains a viable possibility within the Type-I two-Higgs-doublet model under current constraints. While previous LHC searches have primarily focused on the $H^{\pm }\to {\tau }^{\pm }\nu$ decay mode, the decay channel into an off-shell top quark and a bottom quark, $H^{\pm }\to t^{\ast }b$, is leading or subleading for $H^{\pm }$ masses between 130 and 170 GeV. This study investigates the discovery potential of future colliders for this off-shell decay mode through pair-produced charged Higgs bosons decaying via $H^{+}{H}^{-}\to t^{\ast }b\tau \nu \to bbjj\tau \nu$. We perform signal-to-background analyses at the HL-LHC and a prospective 100 TeV proton-proton collider, employing cut-flow strategies and the Boosted Decision Tree method. However, due to the softness of the $b$ jets, signal significances fall below detection thresholds at these facilities. Extending our study to a multi-TeV muon collider (MuC), we demonstrate that a 3 TeV MuC achieves high signal significance, surpassing the $5\sigma$ threshold with an integrated luminosity of 1 ab${}^{-1}$ and a 10\% background uncertainty. Specifically, for $M_{H^{\pm }}=130$, 150, and 170 GeV, the significances are 13.7, 13.5, and 6.06, respectively. In contrast, a 10 TeV MuC requires 10 ab${}^{-1}$ to achieve similar results. Our findings highlight the critical role of the MuC in probing the new signal channel $H^{\pm }\to t^{\ast }b$, offering a promising avenue for future charged Higgs boson searches involving off-shell top quarks.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Evolution of the color dipole cross section

   G.R.Boroun🇮🇷

   Using Laplace transform techniques, we describe the evolution of the color dipole cross section, at the leading-order and next-to-leading order approximations, from the Bartels-Golec-Biernat-Kowalski model in a kinematical region of low values of the Bjorken variable $x$ and a wide range of transverse dipole size $r$. This evolution method shows that the saturation scale and geometric scaling are retained. We derived analytical results for the integrated and unintegrated color dipole gluon distribution functions and compared them with the CJ15 parametrization group and the unintegrated color dipole gluon distribution models respectively. The Sudakov form factor into the evolution of the unintegrated color dipole gluon distribution is incorporated and the results are considered at small and large values of $k_t^2$

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Froggatt-Nielsen ALP

   Admir Greljo🇨🇭 · Aleks Smolkovič🇨🇭 · Alessandro Valenti🇨🇭

   The Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism, a prominent framework for explaining the observed flavor hierarchies, generically predicts the existence of an axion-like particle (ALP). This work examines a class of FN models based on ${\mathbb{Z}}_N$ discrete symmetries. We chart the allowed parameter space from a set of theoretical considerations and construct explicit renormalizable completions with minimal field content necessary to generate consistent textures. We then conduct comprehensive phenomenological analyses of two particularly elegant ${\mathbb{Z}}_4$ and ${\mathbb{Z}}_8$ models, highlighting the interplay between the effects of the ALP and the associated UV fields. We find that the FN scale can be as low as a few TeV.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·25 citations
7. 07*

   Backward DVCS on the pion in Sullivan processes

   Abigail Rodrigues Castro🇫🇷 · Cedric Mezrag🇫🇷 · Jose M. Morgado Chávez🇫🇷 · Bernard Pire🇫🇷

   The purpose of this work is to do a systematic feasibility study of measuring in backward region deeply virtual Compton scattering on the pion in Sullivan processes in the framework of collinear QCD factorization where pion to photon transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs) describe the photon content of the $\pi$ meson. Our approach employs TDAs based on the overlap of light front wave functions, using a previously developed pion light-front wave function and deriving a consistent model for the light front wave functions of the photon. This work is expected to lead us to an estimate of the cross-sections that could be measured in the future U.S. and China's electron-ion colliders. It will also provide a comparison with the forward Sullivan DVCS case, which gives access to pion GPDs and for which a strong signal is expected.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1PoS(2025)·0 citations
8. 08*

   HHH Whitepaper

   Vuko Brigljevic🇭🇷 · Dinko Ferencek🇭🇷 · Greg Landsberg🇺🇸 · Tania Robens🇭🇷 · Marko Stamenkovic🇺🇸 · Tatjana Susa (eds.)🇭🇷 · Hamza Abouabid🇲🇦 · Abdesslam Arhrib🇲🇦 · Hannah Arnold🇺🇸 · Duarte Azevedo🇩🇪 · Maggie Chen🇬🇧 · Daniel Diaz🇺🇸 and 22 other authors

   We here report on the progress of the HHH Workshop, that took place in Dubrovnik in July 2023. After the discovery of a particle that complies with the properties of the Higgs boson of the Standard Model, all Standard Model (SM) parameters are in principle determined. However, in order to verify or falsify the model, the full form of the potential has to be determined. This includes the measurement of the triple and quartic scalar couplings. We here report on ongoing progress of measurements for multi-scalar final states, with an emphasis on three SM-like scalar bosons at 125 GeV, but also mentioning other options. We discuss both experimental progress and challenges as well as theoretical studies and models that can enhance such rates with respect to the SM predictions

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·47 citations
9. 09*

   Effects of Multi-Parton Interactions in Jet Quenching in Heavy-Ion Collisions

   Andrecia Ramnath🇸🇪 · Korinna Zapp🇸🇪

   We perform the first systematic study of the effects of multi-parton interactions (MPI's) in the context of jet quenching in heavy-ion collisions with the jet quenching model JEWEL. We use the simple MPI model of PYTHIA 6, on which JEWEL is based. We find negligible effects on all observables except jet-hadron and Z-hadron correlations, which show a moderate enhancement at large distances. More detailed analysis at parton level reveals that, in heavy-ion collisions, the MPI contribution to jets is suppressed by quenching effects.

   hep-ph0 citations
10. 10*

    ${\nu }_{\mu }$ and ${\nu }_{\tau }$ elastic scattering in Borexino

    Kevin J. Kelly🇺🇸 · Nityasa Mishra🇺🇸 · Mudit Rai🇺🇸 · Louis E. Strigari🇺🇸

    We perform a detailed study of neutrino-electron elastic scattering using the mono-energetic ${}^7$Be neutrinos in Borexino, with an emphasis on exploring the differences between the contributions of ${\nu }_e$, ${\nu }_{\mu }$, and ${\nu }_{\tau }$. We find that current data are capable of measuring these components such that the contributions from ${\nu }_{\mu }$ and ${\nu }_{\tau }$ cannot be zero, although distinguishing between them is challenging -- the differences stemming from Standard Model radiative corrections are insufficient without significantly more precise measurements. In studying these components, we compare predicted neutrino-electron scattering event rates within the Standard Model (accounting for neutrino oscillations), as well as going beyond the Standard Model in two ways. We allow for non-unitary evolution to modify neutrino oscillations, and find that with a larger exposure ($\sim 30$x), Borexino may provide relevant information for constraining non-unitarity, and that JUNO may be able to accomplish this with its data collection of ${}^7$Be neutrinos. We also consider novel ${\nu }_{\mu }$- and ${\nu }_{\tau }$-electron scattering from a gauged $U(1{)}_{L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }}$ model, showing consistency with previous analyses of Borexino and this scenario, but also demonstrating the impact of uncertainties on Standard Model mixing parameters on these results.

    hep-phastro-ph.SRhep-exPRD(2024)·9 citations
11. 11*

    Ultra-high Frequency Gravitational Waves from Scattering, Bremsstrahlung and Decay during Reheating

    Yong Xu🇩🇪

    We investigate ultra-high frequency gravitational waves (GWs) from gravitons generated during inflationary reheating. Specifically, we study inflaton scattering with its decay product, where the couplings involved in this $2\to 2$ scattering are the same as those in the $1\to 3$ graviton Bremsstrahlung process. We compute the graviton production rate via such $2\to 2$ scattering. Additionally, we compare the resulting GW spectrum with that from Bremsstrahlung as well as that from pure $2\to 2$ inflaton scatterings. For completeness, the GW spectrum from graviton pair production through one-loop induced $1\to 2$ inflaton decay is also analyzed. With a systematic comparison among the four sources of GWs, we find that $2\to 2$ inflaton scattering with its decay product can dominate over Bremsstrahlung if the reheating temperature is larger than the inflaton mass. Pure inflaton $2\to 2$ scattering is typically subdominant compared to Bremsstrahlung except in the high-frequency tail. The contribution from one-loop induced $1\to 2$ inflaton decay is shown to be suppressed compared to Bremsstrahlung and pure inflaton $2\to 2$ scattering.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·38 citations
12. 12*

    Explainable AI classification for parton density theory

    Brandon Kriesten🇺🇸 · Jonathan Gomprecht🇺🇸 · T.J. Hobbs🇺🇸

    Quantitatively connecting properties of parton distribution functions (PDFs, or parton densities) to the theoretical assumptions made within the QCD analyses which produce them has been a longstanding problem in HEP phenomenology. To confront this challenge, we introduce an ML-based explainability framework, $\text{XAI4PDF}$, to classify PDFs by parton flavor or underlying theoretical model using ResNet-like neural networks (NNs). By leveraging the differentiable nature of ResNet models, this approach deploys guided backpropagation to dissect relevant features of fitted PDFs, identifying x-dependent signatures of PDFs important to the ML model classifications. By applying our framework, we are able to sort PDFs according to the analysis which produced them while constructing quantitative, human-readable maps locating the x regions most affected by the internal theory assumptions going into each analysis. This technique expands the toolkit available to PDF analysis and adjacent particle phenomenology while pointing to promising generalizations.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·16 citations
13. 13*

    Primordial Gravitational Waves 2024

    Deng Wang (Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, CSIC-Universitat de Valencia)🇪🇸

    Primordial gravitational waves have crucial implications for the origin of the universe and fundamental physics. Using currently available cosmic microwave background data from Planck, ACT and SPT separately or their combinations with BK18 B-mode polarization and DESI observations, we give the strongest constraints on primordial gravitational waves so far.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th5 citations
14. 14*

    Evolution of High-energy Electron Distribution in Pulsar Wind Nebulae

    Yi-Ming Liu🇨🇳 · Hou-Dun Zeng🇨🇳 · Yu-Liang Xin🇨🇳 · Si-Ming Liu🇨🇳 · Yi Zhang🇨🇳

    In this paper, we analyze the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 17 powerful (with a spin-down luminosity greater than $10^{35}$ erg s${}^{-1}$) young (with an age less than 15000 yrs) pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) using a simple time-independent one-zone emission model. Our aim is to investigate correlations between model parameters and the ages of the corresponding PWNe, thereby revealing the evolution of high-energy electron distributions within PWNe. Our findings are as follows: (1) The electron distributions in PWNe can be characterized by a double power-law with a superexponential cutoff; (2) As PWNe evolve, the high-energy end of the electron distribution spectrum becomes harder with the index decreasing from approximately 3.5 to 2.5, while the low-energy end spectrum index remains constant near 1.5; (3) There is no apparent correlation between the break energy or cutoff energy and the age of PWNe. (4) The average magnetic field within PWNe decreases with age, leading to a positive correlation between the energy loss timescale of electrons at the break energy or the high-energy cutoff, and the age of the PWN. (5) The total electron energy within PWNe remains constant near $2\times 10^{48}$ erg, while the total magnetic energy decreases with age.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phRes.Astron.Astrophys.(2024)·7 citations
15. 15*

    Nuclear shell model study of neutrinoless double beta decay under Left-Right symmetric model

    Dong-Liang Fang🇨🇳 · B. Alex Brown🇺🇸 · Fedor Šimkovic🇸🇰

    We use the large scale nuclear shell model to calculate the nuclear matrix elements for the neutrino mediated neutrinoless double beta decay within the Left-Right symmetric model for four nuclei: ${}^{76}$Ge, ${}^{82}$Se, ${}^{130}$Te and ${}^{136}$Xe. We perform a systematic analysis on the general magnitude of different terms for related mechanisms. For the $\eta$ mechanism, we find that the weak magnetism $R$ term dominates the decay rate while the $p$-wave effect is suppressed. While for the $\lambda$ mechanism, the $\omega$ and the $q$ terms are with equal importance. For the latter $q$ term, important contributions from weak-magnetism MM part are observed. Finally, we give the constraints on the new physics parameters $m_{\beta \beta }$, $\lambda$ and $\eta$ from current experiments.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2024)·4 citations
16. 16*

    High-speed reconstruction of long-duration gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals using sparse dictionary learning

    Charles Badger🇬🇧 · José A. Font🇪🇸 · Mairi Sakellariadou🇬🇧 · Alejandro Torres-Forné🇪🇸

    Measuring accurate long-duration gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs) could provide scientifically fruitful knowledge of massive black hole populations and robust tests for general relatively during the LISA mission. However, the immense computational requirements surrounding EMRI data processing and analysis makes their detection and analysis challenging. We further develop and explore a sparse dictionary learning (SDL) algorithm to expeditiously reconstruct EMRI gravitational waveforms lasting as long as 1 year. A suite of year-long EMRI systems are studied to understand the detection and accurate waveform retrieval prospects of the method. We show that full-year EMRIs can be reconstructed within 2 minutes, some with a false alarm rate less than 0.001/yr and with 1.16 day time windows with mismatch as low as 0.06. This provides an encouraging prospect to use the SDL method for long-duration GW searches like that for EMRIs in this study.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
17. 17*

    Confinement in Five Dimensions

    Bobby Samir Acharya🇮🇹

    Five dimensional super conformal field theories can be studied using their geometric realisation as a limit of $M$-theory on a metrically conical Calabi-Yau threefold. We utilise this framework to investigate the phases of such theories that arise by varying the couplings away from the conformal point. We demonstrate that many 5d SCFTs, including strongly coupled gauge theories, have couplings giving rise to massive, confining vacua with confining strings and corresponding unbroken 1-form symmetries. The simplest examples arise by considering the parameter space of {\it complete} Ricci flat metrics on discrete quotients of the standard conifold singularity. Varying other couplings produces coupled 5d SCFTs interacting via massive BPS instanton particle states.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath.DG16 citations
18. 18*

    All-loop group-theory constraints for four-point amplitudes of SU($N$), SO($N$), and Sp($N$) gauge theories

    Stephen G. Naculich🇺🇸 · Athis Osathapan🇺🇸

    In the decomposition of gauge-theory amplitudes into kinematic and color factors, the color factors (at a given loop order $L$) span a proper subspace of the extended trace space (which consists of single and multiple traces of generators of the gauge group, graded by powers of $N$). Using an iterative process, we systematically construct the $L$-loop color space of four-point amplitudes of fields in the adjoint representation of SU($N$), SO($N$), or Sp($N$). We define the null space as the orthogonal complement of the color space. For SU($N$), we confirm the existence of four independent null vectors (for $L\ge 2$) and for SO($N$) and Sp($N$), we establish the existence of seventeen independent null vectors (for $L\ge 5$). Each null vector corresponds to a group-theory constraint on the color-ordered amplitudes of the gauge theory.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2024)·4 citations
19. 19*

    From Inflation to Quintessence: a History of the Universe in String Theory

    Michele Cicoli🇮🇹 · Francesc Cunillera🇬🇧 · Antonio Padilla🇬🇧 · Francisco G. Pedro🇮🇹

    We present a type IIB 4D string model with stabilised moduli which is able to describe the history of the universe from inflation to quintessence. The underlying Calabi-Yau volume is controlled by two moduli which are stabilised by perturbative effects. The lighter of them drives Fibre Inflation at a large energy scale. The two associated axions are ultra-light since they are lifted only at the non-perturbative level. The lighter of them can drive quintessence if its decay constant is large enough to prevent quantum diffusion during inflation from ruining the initial conditions. The right dark energy scale can be obtained via a large suppression from poly-instanton effects. The heavier axion gives a negligible contribution to dark matter since it starts oscillating after matter-radiation equality. If instead none of the two axions has a large decay constant, a mild alignment allows the lighter axion to drive quintessence, while the heavier can be at most a few percent of dark matter due to isocurvature and UV bounds. In both cases dark matter can also come from either primordial black holes or the QCD axion.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2024)·22 citations
20. 20*

    Global aspects of $3$-form gauge theory: implications for axion-Yang-Mills systems

    Mohamed M. Anber🇬🇧 · Samson Y.L. Chan🇬🇧

    We investigate the proposition that axion-Yang-Mills systems are characterized by a $3$-form gauge theory in the deep infrared regime. This hypothesis is rigorously examined by initially developing a systematic framework for analyzing $3$-form gauge theory coupled to an axion, specifically focusing on its global properties. The theory consists of a BF term deformed by marginal and irrelevant operators and describes a network of vacua separated by domain walls converging at the junction of an axion string. It encompasses $0$- and $3$-form spontaneously broken global symmetries. Utilizing this framework, in conjunction with effective field theory techniques and 't Hooft anomaly-matching conditions, we argue that the $3$-form gauge theory faithfully captures the infrared physics of the axion-Yang-Mills system. The ultraviolet theory is an $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory endowed with a massless Dirac fermion coupled to a complex scalar and is characterized by chiral and genuine ${\mathbb{Z}}_m^{(1)}$ $1$-form center symmetries, with a mixed anomaly between them. It features two scales: the vev of the complex scalar, $v$, and the strong-coupling scale, $\Lambda$, with $\Lambda \ll v$. Below $v$, the fermion decouples and a $U(1{)}^{(2)}$ $2$-form winding symmetry emerge, while the $1$-form symmetry is enhanced to ${\mathbb{Z}}_N^{(1)}$. As we flow below $\Lambda$, matching the mixed anomaly necessitates introducing a dynamical $3$-form gauge field of $U(1{)}^{(2)}$, which appears as the incarnation of a long-range tail of the color field. The infrared theory possesses spontaneously broken chiral and emergent $3$-form global symmetries. It passes several checks, among which: it displays the expected restructuring in the hadronic sector upon transition between the vacua, and it is consistent under the gauging of the genuine ${\mathbb{Z}}_m^{(1)}\subset {\mathbb{Z}}_N^{(1)}$ symmetry.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phJHEP(2024)·13 citations
21. 21*

    Analog Quantum Simulator of a Quantum Field Theory with Fermion-Spin Systems in Silicon

    Ali Rad🇺🇸 · Alexander Schuckert🇺🇸 · Eleanor Crane🇺🇸 · Gautam Nambiar🇺🇸 · Fan Fei🇺🇸 · Jonathan Wyrick🇺🇸 · Richard M. Silver🇺🇸 · Mohammad Hafezi🇺🇸 · Zohreh Davoudi🇺🇸 · Michael J. Gullans🇺🇸

    Simulating fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom, relevant for a range of quantum field theories, represents a promising application for quantum simulators. Mapping fermions to qubits is challenging in $2+1$ and higher spacetime dimensions, and mapping bosons demands substantial quantum-computational overhead. These features complicate the realization of mixed fermion-boson quantum systems in digital quantum computers. We propose a native fermion-(large-)spin analog quantum simulator by utilizing dopant arrays in silicon. Specifically, we show how to use a dynamical lattice of coupled nuclear spins and conduction-band electrons to realize a quantum field theory: an extended Jackiw-Rebbi model involving coupled fermions and quantum rotors. We demonstrate the feasibility of observing dynamical mass generation and a confinement-deconfinement quantum phase transition in 1+1 dimensions on this platform, even in the presence of strong long-range Coulomb interactions. Furthermore, we employ finite-temperature Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov simulations to investigate the dynamics of mass generation in two-dimensional square and honeycomb arrays, showing that this phenomenon can be simulated with realistic experimental parameters. Our findings reveal two distinct phases, and demonstrate robustness against the addition of Coulomb interactions. Finally, we discuss experimental signatures of the phases through transport and local charge sensing in dopant arrays. This study lays the foundation for quantum simulations of quantum field theories exhibiting fermions coupled to spin degrees of freedom using donors in silicon.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-lathep-phPRD(2026)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.