Wed·Jul 3, 2024Wednesday·July 3, 2024

1. 01*

   Resummation of Glauber Phases in Non-Global LHC Observables for Large $N_c$

   Philipp Böer🇩🇪 · Patrick Hager🇩🇪 · Matthias Neubert🇺🇸 · Michel Stillger🇩🇪 · Xiaofeng Xu (JGU Mainz)🇩🇪

   The Glauber series for non-global jet observables at hadron colliders simultaneously includes the super-leading logarithms alongside an arbitrary number of Glauber phases. Building on the formalism of arXiv:2405.05305, it is shown that the leading terms in this series for large $N_c$ can be resummed in closed form in renormalization-group improved perturbation theory. This remarkable observation suggests that large-$N_c$ methods might also be helpful to study other aspects of non-global logarithms at hadron colliders, and to combine our analytic results with amplitude-level parton showers.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·9 citations
2. 02*

   Electroweak-Charged Dark Matter and SO(10) Unification with Parity

   Matthew J. Baldwin🇺🇸 · Keisuke Harigaya🇺🇸

   We consider electroweak-charged dark matter in an $SO(10)$ unified theory that solves the strong $CP$ problem via Parity. Electroweak-charged dark matter has a colored $SO(10)$ partner, whose mass should be much above the dark matter mass to avoid cosmological problems arising from the decay of the colored partner. The mass hierarchy can be naturally achieved by an $SO(10)\times CP$ symmetry breaking Higgs that has a missing vacuum expectation value. The mass hierarchy, via quantum corrections to the gauge coupling constants, lowers the unification scale and enhances the proton decay rate. Hyper-Kamiokande will probe the parameter space with precise gauge coupling unification. We derive the range of the top quark mass and the strong coupling constant preferred by radiative Parity breaking by the Higgs Parity mechanism.

   hep-ph4 citations
3. 03*

   A chiral quark model analysis of the $\bar{K}N$ interaction

   M. Conde-Correa🇪🇨 · T. Aguilar🇪🇨 · A. Capelo-Astudillo🇪🇨 · A. Duenas-Vidal🇪🇨 · J. Segovia🇪🇸 · P. G. Ortega🇪🇸

   In this work we analyze the $\bar{K}N$ interaction in the framework of a constituent quark model. The near-threshold elastic and charge exchange cross sections are evaluated, finding a good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the possible existence of $\bar{K}N$ bound states are explored, finding two poles in the isoscalar $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$ sector that can be interpreted as the experimental $\Lambda (1405)$ state.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2024)·6 citations
4. 04*

   Early-Career Researchers' Perspective on Future Colliders

   Lydia Brenner🇳🇱 · Armin Ilg🇨🇭 · Marko Pesut (for the ECFA-ECR Future Colliders Working Group)🇨🇭

   Since its inception, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has significantly advanced particle physics and will continue to do so in the context of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) program to collect $3000$ fb${}^{-1}$ by the end of 2041. The particle physics community worldwide is discussing which future collider could follow in the footsteps of the LHC and uncover yet inaccessible phenomena. To foster the discussion on this important topic among the young particle physicist community, the Early-Career Researchers (ECR) panel of the European Committee for Future Colliders (ECFA) has organized the Future Colliders for Early-Career Researchers workshop at CERN in September 2023. This document aims to summarise this event and present the ECR perspective, outline the key questions that came up during the discussions, and explore how ECRs can influence the decision process of future colliders community and beyond.

   hep-phhep-exphysics.soc-ph2 citations
5. 05*

   First-order Electroweak phase transition at finite density

   Renhui Qin🇨🇳 · Ligong Bian🇨🇳

   We study the Electroweak phase transition with the Standard Model effective field theory at finite temperature and finite density. Utilizing the dimensional reduction approach, we construct the tree dimensional thermal effective field theory at finite density and investigate the phase transition dynamics. We evaluate how the results depend on the renormalization scale and the chemical potential. Our results show that, with the tree dimensional thermal effective potential at 2-loop level, we can effectively reduce the theoretical uncertainty in the calculations of the phase transition parameters due to the renormalization scale dependence, and the new physics scale is restricted to be $\Lambda \lesssim (770-800)$ GeV by the baryon number washout avoidance condition. Meanwhile, the presence of the chemical potential would affect the phase transition parameter and make the constraints from the baryon number washout avoidance condition more strict, especially for weaker first-order phase transition scenarios at higher new physics scales.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2024)·17 citations
6. 06*

   Reveal short range interactions between $u/d$ quarks in the $NN$, $D_{03}$, and $D_{30}$ systems

   Qi-Fang Lü🇨🇳 · Yu-Bing Dong🇨🇳 · Peng-Nian Shen🇨🇳 · Zong-Ye Zhang🇨🇳

   The dynamic mechanism of short range interactions between $u/d$ quarks remains an open and challenging problem. In order to reveal this quark dynamics, we perform a systematic analysis of $NN$, $D_{03}$, and $D_{30}$ systems in the (extended) chiral SU(3) constituent quark models. By comparing results calculated with different models and different parameter sets, the effects of one gluon exchange and vector meson exchange terms are carefully examined. The results indicate that the vector meson exchange interactions dominate the short range interactions between $u/d$ quarks, whereas the small residual one gluon exchange coupling strength is also allowed.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thSCPMA(2025)·7 citations
7. 07*

   Jet quenching for hadron-tagged jets in $pA$ collisions

   B.G. Zakharov🇷🇺

   We calculate the medium modification factor $I_{pA}$ for 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb collisions. We use the Monte-Carlo Glauber model to determine the parameters of the quark-gluon plasma fireball in $pA$ jet events. Our calculations show that the jet quenching effect for $I_{pA}$ turns out to be rather small. We have found that the theoretical $I_{pA}$ as a function of the underlying event charged multiplicity density, within errors, agrees with data from ALICE for 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb collisions. However, the experimental errors are too large to draw a firm conclusion on the possible presence of jet quenching.

   hep-phnucl-thPisma Zh.Eksp.Teor.Fiz.(2024)·1 citation
8. 08*

   The three-loop single-mass heavy flavor corrections to deep-inelastic scattering

   J. Ablinger🇦🇹 · A. Behring🇨🇭 · J. Blümlein🇩🇪 · A. De Freitas🇦🇹 · A. von Manteuffel🇩🇪 · C. Schneider🇦🇹 · K. Schoenwald🇨🇭

   We report on the status of the calculation of the massive Wilson coefficients and operator matrix elements for deep-inelastic scatterung to three-loop order. We discuss both the unpolarized and the polarized case, for which all the single-mass and nearly all two-mass contributions have been calculated. Numerical results on the structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ are presented. In the polarized case, we work in the Larin scheme and refer to parton distribution functions in this scheme. Furthermore, results on the three-loop variable flavor number scheme are presented

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2024)·8 citations
9. 09*

   Hard Diffraction in Sherpa

   Frank Krauss🇬🇧 · Peter Meinzinger🇬🇧

   We present the first complete simulation framework for the simulation of jet production in diffractive events at next-to leading order in QCD, matched to the parton shower. We validate the implementation in the SHERPA event generator with data from the H1 and ZEUS experiments for diffractive DIS and diffractive photoproduction. For the latter, we review different models aiming to explain the observed factorisation breaking and we argue that at NLO the direct component must also be suppressed. We provide predictions for diffractive jet production both in DIS and in photoproduction events for the upcoming EIC.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Dijet photoproduction and transverse-plane geometry in ultra-peripheral nucleus-nucleus collisions

    Kari J. Eskola🇫🇮 · Vadim Guzey🇫🇮 · Ilkka Helenius🇫🇮 · Petja Paakkinen🇫🇮 · Hannu Paukkunen🇫🇮

    We present new NLO pQCD predictions for the inclusive photoproduction of dijets in ultra-peripheral (UPC) lead-lead collisions at 5.02 TeV with a realistic impact-parameter dependent effective photon flux obtained through the Woods-Saxon nuclear profile. For the first time in NLO inclusive UPC dijet predictions, we take into account also the modelling of the forward-neutron event class required in the experimental measurements. We show that since the dijet photoproduction at forward rapidities requires an energetic photon in the initial state, this biases the cross section to be dominated by events with relatively small impact parameters between the nuclei, of the order of a few nuclear radii. This leads to a sensitivity to the transverse-plane collision geometry, which we take properly into account by including effects from the finite extent of both the photon-emitting and the target nucleus. We also test the potential sensitivity to the spatial dependence of nuclear parton distribution functions in connection with this finding.

    hep-phPoS(2025)·0 citations
11. 11*

    LASS, the numerics

    Adam Kardos🇭🇺 · Giuseppe Bevilacqua🇬🇷 · Bakar Chargeishvili🇩🇪 · Sven-Olaf Moch🇩🇪 · Zoltan Trocsanyi🇭🇺

    We summarize our efforts to create a numerical implementation of the Local Analytical Subtraction Scheme (LASS) for obtaining NNLO QCD predictions in electron-positron collisions. We focus on the regularization of double-real radiation contributions, which are typically the most computationally intensive part of NNLO calculations. We describe the structure of the subtraction terms in LASS and our approach to numerically validate them. Using arbitrary precision arithmetic, we demonstrate the proper convergence of individual subtraction terms, overlap removal terms, and spurious singularity cancellations in various singular limits. We show results for the specific case of three-jet production in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions. Our results validate the correctness of both the LASS formalism and our numerical implementation, setting the stage for full NNLO calculations using this method.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Analysis of $(n+1)$ and $n$-parton contributions for computing QCD jet cross sections in the local analytic subtraction scheme

    Bakar Chargeishvili🇩🇪 · Giuseppe Bevilacqua🇬🇷 · Adam Kardos🇭🇺 · Sven-Olaf Moch🇩🇪 · Zoltán Trócsányi🇭🇺

    We analyze and implement the Local Analytic Sector Subtraction (LASS) scheme for handling infrared singularities in next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) calculations in perturbative QCD. We examine the key aspects of the scheme including sector function construction, singular limit parametrization, subtraction counterterm derivation, and integration techniques. As a proof-of-concept, we numerically implement LASS for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to 3$ jets. In this study we examine the limiting behavior of subtraction terms for real-virtual contribution and explicitly demonstrate the pole cancellation of the double-virtual contribution. Differential cross sections are computed for several event shape observables, showing the stability and efficiency of LASS scheme. This work lays the foundation for developing an automated tool for NNLO QCD calculations using this promising scheme.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·3 citations
13. 13*

    Coherent photo- and electroproduction of charmonia on nuclear targets revisited: Green function formalism

    J. Nemchik🇨🇿 · J. Óbertová🇨🇿

    We study for the first time the production of charmonia in nuclear ultra-peripheral and electron-ion collisions based on a rigorous Green function formalism. Such formalism allows to incorporate properly formation effects (color transparency), as well as the quantum coherence inherent in higher twist shadowing corrections related to the $|Q\bar{Q}⟩$ Fock component of the photon. The leading twist gluon shadowing associated with multi-gluon photon fluctuations is also included within the same formalism. The later effect represents the dominant source of shadowing at mid rapidities in the LHC kinematic region, while the reduced effect of quark shadowing leads to a significant modification of differential cross sections $d\sigma /dy$ at forward and/or backwards rapidities. Model calculations for $d\sigma /dy$ are in a good agreement with available UPC data on coherent charmonium production at RHIC and the LHC. In addition, we also perform predictions for nuclear effects in the electroproduction of charmonia, which can be verified by new data from electron-ion colliders.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2024)·3 citations
14. 14*

    Dark symmetry implication for right-handed neutrinos

    Phung Van Dong🇻🇳 · Duong Van Loi🇻🇳 · Do Thi Huong🇻🇳 · Nguyen Tuan Duy🇻🇳 · Dang Van Soa🇻🇳

    We argue that the long-standing issues of neutrino mass and dark matter can be manifestly solved in a dark gauge symmetry $U(1{)}_D$ that transforms nontrivially only for three right-handed neutrinos ${\nu }_{1,2,3R}$ -- the counterparts of known left-handed neutrinos. This theory assigns ${\nu }_{1,2,3R}$ dark charge to be $D=0$, $-1$, and $+1$, respectively, in order for anomaly cancelation. Additionally, it imposes an inert Higgs doublet $\eta$ and two Higgs singlets $\xi ,\varphi$ with dark charge $D=+1$, $-1$, and $+2$, respectively. That said, the dark symmetry is broken by $\varphi$ (by two units) down to a dark parity $P_D=(-1{)}^D$, for which ${\nu }_{2,3R}$ and $\eta ,\xi$ are odd, whereas all other fields are even due to $D=0$. The lightest of these odd fields is stabilized by $P_D$, responsible for dark matter. Neutrino masses are generated by a scotoseesaw scheme, in which the seesaw part is mediated by ${\nu }_{1R}$, while the scotogenic part is mediated by ${\nu }_{2,3R}$, for which the hierarchy of atmospheric and solar neutrino mass splittings is explained.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·7 citations
15. 15*

    Vector-like Quark Stabilised Higgs Inflation: Implications for Particle Phenomenology, Primordial Gravitational Waves and the Hubble Tension

    John McDonald🇬🇧

    The Standard Model (SM) Higgs potential is likely to be metastable, in which case Higgs Inflation requires an extension of the SM to sufficiently stabilise the Higgs potential. Here we consider stabilisation by adding $n_Q\le 3$ Vector-Like Quarks (VLQs) of mass $m_Q$. We consider isosinglet $T$ and $B$ vector quarks. Requiring stability of the finite temperature effective potential, we find that the upper bounds on $m_Q$ for $T$ quarks are 5.8 TeV (for $n_Q=2$) and 55 TeV (for $n_Q=3$). The upper bounds are generally smaller for $B$ vector quarks and are sensitive to the $t$-quark mass. The inflation predictions depend upon the conformal frame in which the model is renormalised. For renormalisation in the Einstein frame (Prescription I) the predictions are almost indistinguishable from the classical values: $n_s=0.966$ and $r=3.3\times 10^{-3}$. Renormalisation in the Jordan frame (Prescription II) predicts larger values of $n_s$ and $r$, with $n_s$ generally in the range 0.980 to 0.990 and $r$ of the order of 0.01. The predicted range of $n_s$ is consistent with the CMB range obtained in Hubble tension solutions which modify the sound horizon at decoupling, whilst the predicted values of $r$ will be easily observable by forthcoming CMB experiments. The observational upper bound on $r$ generally imposes a stronger upper bound on $m_Q$ in Prescription II than the requirement of stability. We conclude that VLQ-stabilised Higgs Inflation with Prescription II renormalisation favours 1-10 TeV vector-like quarks that will be accessible to future colliders, and predicts a tensor-to-scalar ratio that will be observable in forthcoming CMB experiments and values of $n_s$ that favour an early-time solution to the Hubble tension.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2025)·2 citations
16. 16*

    Precision calculations for groomed event shapes at HERA

    Max Knobbe🇩🇪 · Daniel Reichelt🇬🇧 · Steffen Schumann🇩🇪 · Leon Stöcker🇩🇪

    The possibility to reanalyse data taken by the HERA experiments offers the chance to study modern QCD jet and event-shape observables in deep-inelastic scattering production. In this contribution we present resummed and matched predictions for the groomed invariant-mass event shape in neutral-current DIS including the effect of grooming the hadronic final state using the soft-drop technique. Non-perturbative corrections from hadronisation are taken into account through parton-to-hadron level transfer matrices extracted from dedicated Monte Carlo simulations with SHERPA, including uncertainties extracted from replica tunes to data from the HERA experiments.

    hep-phhep-exPoS(2025)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Neutrinos with refractive masses and the DESI BAO results

    Manibrata Sen🇩🇪 · Alexei Y. Smirnov🇩🇪

    Due to interactions with dark matter, neutrinos can acquire refractive masses which explain the data from oscillation experiments. We study the effects of relic neutrinos with refractive masses on structure formation in the Universe. In the model with a light fermionic mediator, above the resonance energy, $E_R$, associated with the mass of the mediator, refractive masses have all the properties identical to the usual vacuum masses. Below the resonance, refractive masses decrease with neutrino energy, however, they cannot be used in the same way as usual masses. We study the dispersion relations and group velocities of such neutrinos and their dependence on redshift. We show that in the epoch of structure formation, relic neutrinos were ultrarelativistic and essentially massless particles for $E_R=(10-10^5)$eV. This allows to reconcile the values of masses extracted from oscillation experiments with the stringent bounds on sum of neutrino masses from cosmological surveys.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·27 citations
18. 18*

    Mixing effects on spectroscopy and partonic observables of mesons with logarithmic confining potential in a light-front quark model

    Bhoomika Pandya🇮🇳 · Bheemsehan Gurjar🇮🇳 · Dipankar Chakrabarti🇮🇳 · Ho-Meoyng Choi🇰🇷 · Chueng-Ryong Ji🇺🇸

    Using the variational principle, we systematically investigate the mass spectra and wave functions of both $1S$ and $2S$ state heavy pseudoscalar $(P)$ and vector $(V)$ mesons within the light-front quark model. This approach incorporates a Coulomb plus logarithmic confinement potential to accurately describe the constituent quark and antiquark dynamics. Additionally, spin hyperfine interactions are introduced perturbatively to compute the masses of pseudoscalar and vector mesons. The present analyses of the $1S$ and $2S$ states require the consideration of mixing between them to account for empirical constraints. These constraints include the mass gap $\Delta M_P>\Delta M_V$, where $\Delta M_{P(V)}=M_{P(V)}^{2S}-M_{P(V)}^{1S}$ and the hierarchy of the decay constants $f_{1S}>f_{2S}$. We find the optimal value of the mixing angle to be $\theta =18^{\circ }$, significantly enhancing the consistency between our spectroscopic predictions and the experimental data compiled by the Particle Data Group (PDG). Furthermore, based on the predicted mass, the newly observed resonance $B_J(5840)$ could be assigned as a $2^1{S}_0$ state in the $B$ meson family. The study also reports various pertinent observables, including twist-2 distribution amplitudes, electromagnetic form factors, charge radii, $\xi$ moments, and transition form factors which are found to be consistent with both available lattice simulations and experimental data. In addition, our predicted branching ratios for the channels of $B^{+}\to {\tau }^{+}{\nu }_{\tau }$ as well as rare decays of $B^0$ and $B_s^0$ appear in accordance with experimental data.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·8 citations
19. 19*

    On quark-lepton mixing and the leptonic CP violation

    Alessio Giarnetti🇮🇹 · Simone Marciano🇮🇹 · Davide Meloni🇮🇹

    In the absence of a Grand Unified Theory framework, connecting the values of the mixing parameters in the quark and lepton sector is a difficult task, unless one introduces ad-hoc relations among the matrices that diagonalize such different kinds of fermions. In this paper, we discuss in detail the possibility that the PMNS matrix is given by the product U_{PMNS}=V^\ast_{CKM} T^\ast where T comes from the diagonalization of a see-saw like mass matrix that can be of a Bimaximal (BM), Tri-Bimaximal (TBM) and Golden Ratio (GR) form, and identify the leading corrections to such patterns that allow a good fit to the leptonic mixing matrix as well as to the CP phase. We also show that the modified versions of BM, TBM and GR can easily accommodate the solar and atmospheric mass differences

    hep-phUniverse(2024)·4 citations
20. 20*

    A unique Neutrino Mass Matrix Texture under Exponential Parametrization

    Pralay Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Subhankar Roy🇮🇳

    Under the exponential parametrization scheme $m_{ij}^{\nu }\sim r{e}^{i\theta }$, we propose a \emph{unique} neutrino mass matrix texture that exhibits four correlations among its elements. The mixing scheme obtained from the proposed texture is consistent with experimental observations. We construct a concrete model based on the $SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_Y\times A_4\times Z_{10}\times Z_7$ group within the framework of the seesaw mechanism.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·8 citations
21. 21*

    Searching for a dark matter induced galactic axion gradient

    Edward Hardy🇬🇧 · Mario Reig🇬🇧 · Juri Smirnov🇬🇧

    An ultra-light axion with CP violating interactions with a dark sector and CP preserving interactions with the visible sector can act as a novel portal between dark matter and the Standard Model. In such theories, dark matter sources an axion field extending over the entire galaxy, the gradient of which can be searched for with precise spin precession experiments. A reinterpretation of existing co-magnetometer data already constrains theories that are consistent with astrophysical bounds, and near-future experiments will begin probing well-motivated models. The required interactions can arise from a confining hidden sector without necessitating fine-tuning of the axion's mass.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·4 citations
22. 22*

    A Modern Look at the Oscillation Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory

    Peter B. Denton🇺🇸 · Julia Gehrlein🇺🇸

    The next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments, JUNO, DUNE, and HK, are under construction now and will collect data over the next decade and beyond. As there are no approved plans to follow up this program with more advanced neutrino oscillation experiments, we consider here one option that had gained considerable interest more than a decade ago: a neutrino factory. Such an experiment uses stored muons in a racetrack configuration with extremely well characterized decays reducing systematic uncertainties and providing for more oscillation channels. Such a machine could also be one step towards a high energy muon collider program. We consider a long-baseline configuration to SURF using the DUNE far detectors or modifications thereof, and compare the expected sensitivities of the three-flavor oscillation parameters to the anticipated results from DUNE and HK. We show optimal beam configurations, the impact of charge identification, the role of statistics and systematics, and the expected precision to the relevant standard oscillation parameters in different DUNE vs.~neutrino factory configurations.

    hep-phhep-exNPB(2025)·9 citations
23. 23*

    $B_c,B_c^{\ast },B_s,B_s^{\ast },D_s$ and $D_s^{\ast }$ mass shift in a nuclear medium

    S. L. P. G. Beres🇧🇷

    For the first time, we estimate the in-medium mass shift of the two-flavored heavy mesons $B_c,B_c^{\ast },B_s,B_s^{\ast },D_s$ and $D_s^{\ast }$ in symmetric nuclear matter. The estimates are made by evaluating the lowest order one-loop self-energies. The enhanced excitations of intermediate state heavy-light quark mesons in symmetric nuclear matter are the origin of their negative mass shift. Our results show that the magnitude of the mass shift for the $B_c$ meson ($\bar{b}c$ or $b\bar{c}$) is larger than those of the ${\eta }_c(\bar{c}c)$ and ${\eta }_b(\bar{b}b)$, different from a naive expectation that it would be in-between of them. While, that of the $B_c^{\ast }$ shows the in-between of the $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$. We observe that the lighter vector meson excitation in each meson self-energy gives a dominant contribution for the corresponding meson mass shift, $B_c,B_s,$ and $D_s$.

    hep-phnucl-thphysics.comp-ph0 citations
24. 24*

    Structure-wide dark matter density depletion induced by local degeneracies

    Yifei Yang🇨🇳 · Weikang Lin🇨🇳

    The longstanding cusp-core problem--the discrepancy between the steep central density cusps predicted by cold dark matter (DM) simulations and certain shallow cores observed in dwarf galaxies, in particular the associated diversity of inner profiles--remains hotly debated despite decades of study. Building on a new interpretation of fermionic isothermal halos, we identify a physical mechanism--degeneracy-induced depletion--in which degenerate inner cores of fermionic DM suppress the surrounding density over large scales. This effect persists even in dense baryonic environments. Within the framework of hierarchical structure formation, degeneracies developed in the smallest constituent subhalos induce low-density regions that collectively configure into a King-type core of the host DM halo, with a core density-radius relation consistent with observations. This scenario accounts for the diversity of DM inner profiles through variation in the average degeneracy of constituent subhalos, and suggests a connection between this diversity and the halo formation history. Thus, the cusp-core problem may be reconciled within the standard "cold" DM paradigm without invoking strong baryonic feedback, instead pointing to the fermionic nature of DM.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-phApJ(2026)·0 citations
25. 25*

    Extended Uncertainty Principle: A Deeper Insight into the Hubble Tension?

    Kourosh Nozari🇮🇷 · Sara Saghafi🇮🇷 · Milad Hajebrahimi🇮🇷

    The standard cosmological model, known as the LambdaCDM model, has been successful in many respects, but it has some significant discrepancies, some of which have not been resolved yet. In measuring the Hubble-Lematre parameter, there is an apparent discrepancy which is known as the Hubble tension, defined as differences in values of this parameter measured by the Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa) data (a model-independent method) and by the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation maps (a model-dependent method). Although many potential solutions have been proposed, the issue still remains unresolved. Recently, it was observed that the Hubble tension can be due to the concept of uncertainty in measuring cosmological parameters at large distance scales through applying the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) in cosmological setups. Extending this pioneering idea, in the present study we plan to incorporate the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP) containing a minimal fundamental measurable momentum (or equivalently, a maximal fundamental measurable length) as a candidate setup for describing large-scale effects of Quantum Gravity (QG) to address the Hubble tension and constrain the EUP length scale. In this regard, by finding a relevant formula for the effective photon rest mass in terms of the present-time value of the Hubble-Lematre parameter, we see that discrepancies in the value of photon rest mass associated with the Hubble-Lematre parameter values estimated from model-independent and model-dependent methods perhaps is the cause of Hubble tension.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPhys.Dark Univ.(2024)·15 citations
26. 26*

    PT symmetric fermionic particle oscillations in even dimensional representations

    Leqian Chen🇬🇧 · Sarben Sarkar🇬🇧

    We describe a novel class of quantum mechanical particle oscillations in both relativistic and non-relativistic systems based on $PT$ symmetry and $T^2=-1$ (relevant for fermions), where $P$ is parity and $T$ is time reversal. The Hamiltonians are chosen at the outset to be self-adjoint with respect to a PT inner product. The quantum mechanical time evolution is based on a modified $CPT$ inner product constructed in terms of a suitable $C$ operator. The resulting quantum mechanical evolution is shown to be unitary and probability is conserved by the oscillations.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phPRD(2024)·7 citations
27. 27*

    Conversations in the dark: cross-correlating birefringence and LSS to constrain axions

    S. Arcari🇮🇹 · N. Bartolo🇮🇹 · A. Greco🇺🇸 · A. Gruppuso🇮🇹 · M. Lattanzi🇮🇹 · P. Natoli🇮🇹

    Unveiling the dark sector of the Universe is one of the leading efforts in theoretical physics. Among the many models proposed, axions and axion-like particles stand out due to their solid theoretical foundation, capacity to contribute significantly to both dark matter and dark energy, and potential to address the small-scale crisis of $\Lambda$CDM. Moreover, these pseudo-scalar fields couple to the electromagnetic sector through a Chern-Simons parity-violating term, leading to a rotation of the plane of linearly polarized waves, namely cosmic birefringence. We explore the impact of the axion-parameters on anisotropic birefringence and study, for the first time, its cross-correlation with the spatial distribution of galaxies, focusing on ultralight axions with masses $10^{-33}\mathrm{eV}\le m_{\varphi }\le 10^{-28}\mathrm{eV}$. Through this novel approach, we investigate the axion-parameter space in the mass $m_{\varphi }$ and initial misalignment angle ${\theta }_i$, within the framework of early dark energy models, and constrain the axion-photon coupling $g_{\varphi \gamma }$ required to achieve unity in the signal-to-noise ratio of the underlying cross-correlation, computed with the instrument specifications of Euclid and forthcoming CMB-polarization data. Our findings reveal that for masses below $10^{-32}\mathrm{eV}$ and initial misalignment angles greater in absolute value than $\pi /4$, the signal-to-noise ratio not only exceeds unity but also surpasses that achievable from the auto-correlation of birefringence alone (up to a factor 7), highlighting the informative potential of this new probe. Additionally, given the late-time evolution of these low-mass axions, the signal stems from the epoch of reionization, providing an excellent tool to single out the birefringence generated during this period.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2024)·8 citations
28. 28*

    Vortex Rings in Event-by-Event Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

    David Dobrigkeit Chinellato🇧🇷 · Michael Annan Lisa🇺🇸 · Willian Matioli Serenone🇧🇷 · Chun Shen🇺🇸 · Jun Takahashi🇧🇷 · Giorgio Torrieri🇧🇷

    We present event-by-event simulations for central asymmetric light+heavy and Au+Au collisions to investigate the formation and evolution of vortex-ring structures in the longitudinal flow velocity profile. The production-plane polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons, defined w.r.t. the $\Lambda$ momentum and the beam, can track the "vortex-ring" feature in the event, a characteristic vortical structure generated by longitudinal flow gradients. We make comprehensive model predictions for the rapidity-dependent vortex-ring observables for different collision system sizes at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ and 72 GeV. Our predictions at the latter energy can be explored in the future LHCb fixed-target experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·7 citations
29. 29*

    Modified gravity interpretation of the evolving dark energy in light of DESI data

    Anton Chudaykin🇨🇭 · Martin Kunz🇨🇭

    The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration has recently released measurements of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) from the first year of observations. A joint analysis of DESI BAO, CMB, and SN Ia probes indicates a preference for time-evolving dark energy. We evaluate the robustness of this preference by replacing the DESI distance measurements at $z<0.8$ with the SDSS BAO measurements in a similar redshift range. Assuming the $w_0{w}_a$CDM model, we find an evolution of the dark energy equation of state parameters consistent with $\Lambda$CDM. Our analysis of ${\chi }^2$ statistics across various BAO datasets shows that DESI's preference for evolving dark energy is primarily driven by the two LRG samples at $z_{\mathrm{eff}}=0.51$ and $z_{\mathrm{eff}}=0.71$, with the latter having the most significant impact. Taking this preference seriously, we study a general Horndeski scalar-tensor theory, which provides a physical mechanism to safely cross the phantom divide, $w=-1$. Utilizing the Effective Field Theory of dark energy and adopting the $w_0{w}_a$CDM background cosmological model, we derive constraints on the parameters $w_0=-0.856\pm 0.062$ and $w_a=-0.53_{-0.26}^{+0.28}$ at $68\%$ CL from Planck CMB, Planck and ACT CMB lensing, DESI BAO, and Pantheon+ datasets, showing good consistency with the standard $w_0{w}_a$CDM model. The modified gravity model gives results discrepant with $\Lambda$CDM at the $2.4\sigma$ level, while for $w_0{w}_a$CDM it is at $2.5\sigma$, based on the best-fit ${\chi }^2$ values. We conclude that modified gravity offers a viable physical explanation for DESI's preference for evolving dark energy.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2024)·103 citations
30. 30*

    Exploring pulsar glitches with dipolar supersolids

    Thomas Bland · Francesca Ferlaino🇦🇹 · Massimo Mannarelli🇮🇹 · Elena Poli🇮🇹 · Silvia Trabucco🇮🇹

    Glitches are sudden spin-up events that interrupt the gradual spin-down of rotating neutron stars. They are believed to arise from the rapid unpinning of vortices in the neutron star inner crust. The analogy between the inner crust of neutron stars and dipolar supersolids allows to investigate glitches. Employing such analogy, we numerically analyze the vortex trapping mechanism and how the matter density distribution influences glitches. These results pave the way for the quantum simulation of celestial bodies in laboratories.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gasastro-ph.HEhep-phFew Body Syst.(2024)·5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.