PaperPanorama

HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Fri·Jul 5, 2024

24 papers15 primary·9 cross-listed·reconstructed*

  1. 01*

    Muon-induced baryon number violation

    Patrick J. Fox🇺🇸 · Matheus Hostert🇺🇸 · Tony Menzo🇺🇸 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸 · Jure Zupan🇺🇸

    The search for charged-lepton flavor violation in muon capture on nuclei is a powerful probe of heavy new physics. A smoking gun signal for conversion is a monochromatic electron with energy almost equal to the muon mass. We show that light new physics can mimic this signature and that it can also lead to electrons above the signal peak. A concrete example of such light new physics is -nucleon annihilation into a light dark sector, which can produce an energetic as well as byproducts. Due to the size of the muon mass, the exotic muon capture process can be kinematically allowed, while the otherwise stringent constraints, e.g., from proton decay, are kinematically forbidden. We also discuss other relevant constraints, including those from the stability of nuclei and muon capture in the interior of neutron stars.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·11 citations
  2. 02*

    EFT at JADE: a case study

    Jonathan S. Wilson🇺🇸

    As we use the standard model effective field theory to search for signs of new physics beyond the direct reach of the LHC, we often wonder what we may learn from the effective field theory, and what it would look like to make a discovery via effective field theory. This article presents a case study that provides some answers to these questions. We apply the low-energy effective field theory to data below the Z boson mass from the JADE experiment at DESY. The low-energy effective field theory allows the observation of physics beyond QED in the JADE data and furthermore, by matching the Wilson coefficients to the electroweak theory, a rough measurement of the masses of the W and Z bosons is possible. The ability to make this rough measurement challenges the conventional wisdom that an observation of new physics via EFT tells us nothing about the nature of that new physics. A measurement of this quality would have been sufficient to guide the construction of colliders such as the super proton-antiproton synchrotron or the large electron-positron collider, and so we anticipate that a discovery of new physics via effective field theory at the LHC would be similarly sufficient to guide the construction of future colliders.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
  3. 03*

    Testing the equivalence between the planar Gross-Neveu and Thirring models at

    Everlyn Martins🇧🇷 · Y. M. P. Gomes🇧🇷 · Marcus Benghi Pinto🇧🇷 · Rudnei O. Ramos🇧🇷

    It is known that the Fierz identities predict that the Gross-Neveu and Thirring models should be equivalent when describing systems composed of a single fermionic flavor, . Here, we consider the planar version of both models within the framework of the optimized perturbation theory at the two-loop level, in order to verify if the predicted equivalence emerges explicitly when different temperature and density regimes are considered. At vanishing densities, our results indicate that both models indeed describe exactly the same thermodynamics, provided that . However, at finite chemical potentials we find that the Fierz equivalence no longer holds. After examining the relevant free energies, we have identified the contributions which lead to this puzzling discrepancy. Finally, we discuss different frameworks in which this (so far open) problem could be further understood and eventually circumvented.

    hep-phcond-mat.otherhep-thPRD(2024)·3 citations
  4. 04*

    The and spectra in top-antitop hadroproduction at NNLL+NNLO: the interplay of soft-collinear resummation and Coulomb singularities

    Wan-Li Ju🇮🇹 · Marek Schoenherr🇬🇧

    In this paper, we present the resummation-improved differential transverse momentum and azimuthal decorrelation cross sections, and , in top-antitop pair production at the LHC. Our calculation is based on the observation that both cross sections are dominated by topologies where the top-quark pair is well separated, expressed in their relative velocity , at colliding energies of or higher. Therefore, the asymptotic behaviour in the limits and can mostly be captured by the soft and collinear resummation in the HQETSCET framework. Nevertheless, starting at NNLL, Coulomb singularities emerge in the threshold regime, , in both the hard sector and its evolution kernels, leading to unphysical results upon integration over the entire range. To this end, two prescriptions, dubbed the D- and R-prescription, are introduced to regularise these Coulomb singularities. They embody two fundamentally different methods to truncate the threshold enhanced terms, rendering their contribution finite. In the absence of a combined threshold and small-transverse-momentum resummation, we present a quantitative assessment of the ambiguity introduced by the choice of prescription, itself a test of the sensitivity of our calculation to such threshold enhancements, for both the and spectra.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·5 citations
  5. 05*

    Early Dark Energy During Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

    David McKeen🇨🇦 · Afif Omar🇨🇦

    We study the impact of an early dark energy component (EDE) present during big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) on the elemental abundances of deuterium D/H, and helium , as well as the effective relativistic degrees of freedom . We consider a simple model of EDE that is constant up to a critical time. After this critical time, the EDE transitions into either a radiation component that interacts with the electromagnetic plasma, a dark radiation component that is uncoupled from the plasma, or kination that is also uncoupled. We use measured values of the abundances and as determined by CMB observations to establish limits on the input parameters of this EDE model. In addition, we explore how those parameters are correlated with BBN inputs; the baryon to photon ratio , neutron lifetime , and number of neutrinos . Finally, we study whether this setup can alleviate the tension introduced by recent measurements of the primordial helium abundance.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2024)·7 citations
  6. 06*

    A multicategory jet image classification framework using deep neural network

    Jairo Orozco Sandoval🇺🇸 · Vidya Manian🇺🇸 · Sudhir Malik🇺🇸

    Jet point cloud images are high dimensional data structures that needs to be transformed to a separable feature space for machine learning algorithms to distinguish them with simple decision boundaries. In this article, the authors focus on jet category separability by particle and jet feature extraction, resulting in more efficient training of a simple deep neural network, resulting in a computational efficient interpretable model for jet classification. The methodology is tested with three to five categories of jets from the JetNet benchmark jet tagging dataset, resulting in comparable performance to particle flow network. This work demonstrates that high dimensional datasets represented in separable latent spaces lead to simpler architectures for jet classification.

    hep-phcs.LG1 citation
  7. 07*

    Charmless decays of the spin-2 partner of

    Zu-Xin Cai🇨🇳 · Zhao-Sai Jia🇨🇳 · Gang Li🇨🇳 · Shi-Dong Liu🇨🇳 · Ju-Jun Xie🇨🇳

    The Belle collaboration recently reported a promising candidate for the spin-2 partner of the , called the for short, having a mass of and a width of . In present work, we assume the as a pure molecule of the under three cases, i.e., pure neutral components (), isospin singlet () and neutral components dominant (), where is a phase angle describing the proportion of neutral and charged constituents. Using an effective Lagrangian approach, we calculated the partial widths of and ( and stand for light vector and pseudoscalar mesons, respectively). The predicted decay widths of can reach a few hundreds of , while the decay widths of are about several tens of . In addition, the effects from the proportion of neutral and charged constituent on the decay widths of and are also investigated. We hope that the present calculations will be checked experimentally in the future.

    hep-phEPJC(2024)·7 citations
  8. 08*

    Gluon decay into heavy quark pair under a strong magnetic field

    Shile Chen🇨🇳 · Jiaxing Zhao🇩🇪 · Pengfei Zhuang🇨🇳

    Due to the extreme large magnetic field produced in the initial stage of non-central heavy-ion collision, the dynamical process of gluon decay into heavy quark pair will take place under an external field rather than in vacuum. Unlike in the vacuum case, where the process is forbidden by energy momentum conservation, under the external field, a process emerges considering the background energy which recovers the conservation. We calculate the gluon decay rate at leading order under a uniform magnetic field.

    hep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·2 citations
  9. 09*

    Systematic uncertainty of offshell corrections and higher-twist contribution in DIS at large x

    Matteo Cerutti🇺🇸 · Alberto Accardi🇺🇸 · Ishara P. Fernando🇺🇸 · Shujie Li🇺🇸

    We study the systematic uncertainty and biases introduced by theoretical assumptions needed to include large- DIS data in a global QCD analysis. Working in the CTEQ-JLab framework, we focus on different implementations of higher-twist corrections to the nucleon structure functions and of offshell PDF deformations in deuteron targets and discuss how their interplay impacts the extraction of the -quark PDF and the calculation of the neutron structure function at large .

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPoS(2025)·2 citations
  10. 10*

    Thermodynamics of heavy quarkonium in the spinning black hole background

    Zhou-Run Zhu🇨🇳 · Sheng Wang🇨🇳 · Xun Chen🇨🇳 · Jun-Xia Chen🇨🇳 · Defu Hou🇨🇳

    In this paper, we examine the thermodynamics of heavy quarkonium in the spinning black hole background. Specifically, we investigate the effect of angular momentum on the interquark distance, free energy, binding energy, entropy, entropic force, and internal energy of heavy quarkonium from the thermodynamic relationship. Our findings indicate that the angular momentum reduces the maximum value of interquark distance, suggesting that it promotes the dissociation of quarkonium. Additionally, we observe that the angular momentum suppresses free energy. From the results of binding energy, the angular momentum favors the melting of meson into a free quark and antiquark. Moreover, the results show that angular momentum increases the entropy and entropic force, thus accelerates the dissociation of quarkonium. The angular momentum increases the internal energy at large interquark distance. Finally, we find that the angular momentum has a more pronounced effect on quarkonium when the axis of quark pair is transverse to the direction of angular momentum.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·10 citations
  11. 11*

    Photoabsorption cross section in the low- and low- domain, and DGLAP evolution

    G.R.Boroun🇮🇷 · M.Kuroda🇯🇵 · Dieter Schildknecht🇩🇪

    The behavior of the gluon distribution of the proton in the low-, low- domain of deep inelastic electron-proton scattering (DIS) is being investigated. By considering two-gluon exchange as the dominant interaction in the low-, low- domain, we imply the well-known result of scaling of the photoabsorption cross section in terms of the scaling variable . From this, we derive a reliable result for the gluon distribution at the leading order of the perturbative QCD improved parton model, based on evolution from a starting scale of GeV. The validity of evolution, when considering its quantitative modification at low- without any alteration at larger values of , leads to a quantitative improvement in the extraction of the gluon distribution based on evolution from a starting scale of conventionally chosen as GeV.

    hep-phEPJA(2026)·4 citations
  12. 12*

    A quantitative analysis of Gravitational Wave spectrum sourced from First-Order Chiral Phase Transition of QCD

    Hui-wen Zheng🇨🇳 · Fei Gao🇨🇳 · Ligong Bian🇨🇳 · Si-xue Qin🇨🇳 · Yu-xin Liu🇨🇳

    We investigate the cosmological first-order chiral phase transition of QCD, and for the first time calculate its parameters which can fully determine the gravitational wave spectrum. With the state-of-the-art calculation from the functional QCD method, we found that the large chemical potential of QCD phase transition results in very weak and fast first-order phase transitions at the temperature lower than MeV. These results further suggest that the GW signals of NANOGrav are very unlikely sourced from the chiral phase transition of QCD.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·19 citations
  13. 13*

    Current Status of the Standard Model Prediction for the B_s -> mu^+ mu^- Branching Ratio

    Mateusz Czaja🇵🇱 · Mikolaj Misiak🇵🇱

    The rare decay B_s -> mu^+ mu^- provides an important constraint on possible deviations from the Standard Model in b-s-l-l interactions. The present weighted average of its branching ratio measurements amounts to (3.34 \pm 0.27) x 10^-9, which remains in good agreement with the theoretical prediction of (3.64 \pm 0.12) x 10^-9 within the Standard Model. In the present paper, we review calculations that have contributed to this prediction, and discuss the associated uncertainties.

    hep-phSymmetry(2024)·19 citations
  14. 14*

    An event generator for neutrino-induced Deep Inelastic Scattering and applications to neutrino astronomy

    Silvia Ferrario Ravasio🇨🇭 · Rhorry Gauld🇩🇪 · Barbara Jäger🇩🇪 · Alexander Karlberg🇨🇭 · Giulia Zanderighi🇩🇪

    We extend the recently presented, fully exclusive, next-to-leading-order accurate event generator for the simulation of massless neutral- and charged-current deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the case of incoming neutrinos. The generator can be used to study neutrino-nucleon interactions at (ultra) high energies, and is relevant for a range of fixed-target collider experiments and large-volume neutrino detectors, investigating atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos. The matching with multi-purpose event generators such as PYTHIA 8 is performed with the POWHEG method, and accounts for parton showering and non-perturbative effects such as hadronization. This makes it possible to investigate higher-order perturbative corrections to realistic observables, such as the distribution of charged particles. To illustrate the capabilities of the code we provide predictions for several differential distributions in fixed-target collisions for neutrino energies up to 1 PeV.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exEPJC(2025)·22 citations
  15. 15*

    Subleading operators and gamma5-scheme dependence in SMEFT for Higgs boson pair production

    Stefano Di Noi🇮🇹 · Ramona Gröber🇮🇹 · Gudrun Heinrich🇩🇪 · Jannis Lang🇩🇪 · Ludovic Scyboz🇦🇺 · Marco Vitti🇩🇪

    The calculation of contributions from the chromomagnetic and four-top-quark-operators within Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) to Higgs boson pair production in gluon fusion is presented, in combination with NLO QCD corrections. Here we focus on the -scheme dependence introduced by the four-top-quark-operators and the interplay with other operators contributing to this process in SMEFT.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·3 citations
  16. 16*

    Astroparticle Physics at the Forward Physics Facility

    Dennis Soldin🇺🇸

    High-energy collisions at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will generate a substantial flux of particles along the beam collision axis that current LHC experiments cannot access. Multi-particle production in the far-forward region is particularly relevant to astroparticle physics. High-energy cosmic rays initiate extensive air showers (EASs) in the atmosphere, driven by hadron-ion collisions at low momentum transfer in the non-perturbative regime of QCD. Therefore, understanding high-energy hadronic interactions in the forward region is essential for interpreting EAS data and estimating backgrounds for astrophysical neutrino searches, among other applications. The Forward Physics Facility (FPF) is a proposal to construct a new underground cavern at the HL-LHC dedicated to hosting a range of experiments aimed at detecting particles beyond the current capabilities of LHC experiments. This article will provide an update on the current planning status of the FPF and emphasize its synergies with astroparticle physics.

    hep-exastro-ph.HEhep-ph3 citations
  17. 17*

    Three-dimensional Imaging of Pion using Lattice QCD: Generalized Parton Distributions

    Heng-Tong Ding🇨🇳 · Xiang Gao🇺🇸 · Swagato Mukherjee🇺🇸 · Peter Petreczky🇺🇸 · Qi Shi🇨🇳 · Sergey Syritsyn🇺🇸 · Yong Zhao🇺🇸

    In this work, we report a lattice calculation of -dependent valence pion generalized parton distributions (GPDs) at zero skewness with multiple values of the momentum transfer . The calculations are based on an gauge ensemble of highly improved staggered quarks with Wilson-Clover valence fermion. The lattice spacing is 0.04 fm, and the pion valence mass is tuned to be 300 MeV. We determine the Lorentz-invariant amplitudes of the quasi-GPD matrix elements for both symmetric and asymmetric momenta transfers with similar values and show the equivalence of both frames. Then, focusing on the asymmetric frame, we utilize a hybrid scheme to renormalize the quasi-GPD matrix elements obtained from the lattice calculations. After the Fourier transforms, the quasi-GPDs are then matched to the light-cone GPDs within the framework of large momentum effective theory with improved matching, including the next-to-next-to-leading order perturbative corrections, and leading renormalon and renormalization group resummations. We also present the 3-dimensional image of the pion in impact-parameter space through the Fourier transform of the momentum transfer .

    hep-lathep-phnucl-exnucl-thJHEP(2025)·38 citations
  18. 18*

    Selection rules of canonical differential equations from Intersection theory

    Jiaqi Chen🇨🇳

    The matrix of canonical differential equations consists of the 1--form coefficients obtained by projecting (+1)--forms onto --form master integrands. With dual form in relative cohomology, the intersection number can be used to achieve the projection and provide the selection rules for canonical differential equations, which relate to the pole structure of the master integrands.

    hep-thhep-phPoS(2024)·0 citations
  19. 19*

    Inflation 2024

    Deng Wang (Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, CSIC-Universitat de Valencia)🇪🇸

    Inflation as the leading paradigm depicting the very early universe physics could leave imprints on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Using currently available CMB observations, we give the tightest constraints on inflation so far. We discuss the theoretical implications of our results including the energy scale of inflation, inflaton field excursion, Hubble expansion rate during inflation, equation of state of inflation, primordial tensor non-Gaussianity, primordial tensor power spectrum, B-mode anisotropy and inflationary gravitational wave background.

    astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th1 citation
  20. 20*

    Charm physics with overlap fermions on 2+1-flavor domain wall fermion configurations

    Donghao Li · Ying Chen · Ming Gong · Keh-Fei Liu · Zhaofeng Liu · Tingxiao Wang

    Decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons , , and vector mesons , , are determined from lattice QCD at a lattice spacing fm. For vector mesons, the decay constants defined by tensor currents are given in the scheme at GeV. The calculation is performed on domain wall fermion configurations generated by the RBC-UKQCD Collaborations and the overlap fermion action is used for the valence quarks. Comparing the current results with our previous ones at a coarser lattice spacing fm gives us a better understanding of the discretization error. We obtain with a better precision than our previous result. Combining our MeV with the total width of determined in a recent work gives a branching fraction for leptonic decay.

    hep-lathep-exhep-phCPC(2024)·4 citations
  21. 21*

    Role of clustered nuclear geometry in particle production through p-C and p-O collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

    Aswathy Menon K R🇮🇳 · Suraj Prasad🇮🇳 · Neelkamal Mallick🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

    Long-range multi-particle correlations in heavy-ion collisions have shown conclusive evidence of the hydrodynamic behavior of strongly interacting matter and are associated with the final-state azimuthal momentum anisotropy. In small collision systems, azimuthal anisotropy can be influenced by the hadronization mechanism and residual jet-like correlations. Thus, one of the motives of the planned p--O and O--O collisions at the LHC and RHIC is to understand the origin of small system collectivity. As the anisotropic flow coefficients () are sensitive to the initial-state effects including nuclear shape, deformation, and charge density profiles, studies involving C and O nuclei are transpiring due to the presence of exotic (He) clusters in such nuclei. In this study, for the first time, we investigate the effects of nuclear --clusters on the azimuthal anisotropy of the final-state hadrons in p--C and p--O collisions at ~TeV within a multi-phase transport model framework. We report the transverse momentum () and pseudorapidity () spectra, participant eccentricity () and triangularity (), and estimate the elliptic flow () and triangular flow () of the final-state hadrons using the two-particle cumulant method. These results are compared with a model-independent Sum of Gaussians (SOG) type nuclear density profile for C and O nuclei.

    nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exEPJA(2025)·10 citations
  22. 22*

    NuSTAR as an Axion Helioscope

    J. Ruz🇪🇸 · E. Todarello🇮🇹 · J. K. Vogel🇪🇸 · F.R. Candón🇩🇪 · M. Giannotti🇪🇸 · B. Grefenstette🇺🇸 · H. S. Hudson🇬🇧 · I. G. Hannah🇬🇧 · I. G. Irastorza🇪🇸 · C. S. Kim🇰🇷 · M. Regis🇮🇹 · D. M. Smith🇺🇸 · M. Taoso🇮🇹 · J. Trujillo Bueno🇪🇸

    We present a novel approach to investigating axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) by studying their potential conversion into X-rays within the Sun's atmospheric magnetic field. Utilizing high-sensitivity data from the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) collected during the 2020 solar minimum, along with advanced solar atmospheric magnetic field models, we establish a new limit on the axion-photon coupling strength ~GeV at 95\% CL for axion masses \,eV. This constraint surpasses current ground-based experimental limits, studying previously unexplored regions of the axion-photon coupling parameter space up to masses of \,eV. These findings mark a significant advancement in our ability to probe axion properties and strengthen indirect searches for dark matter candidates.

    astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMastro-ph.SR+2PRL(2025)·41 citations
  23. 23*

    Constraints on self-interaction cross-sections of dark matter in universal bound states from direct detection

    The CRESST Collaboration

    Lambda- Cold Dark Matter (LambdaCDM) has been successful at explaining the large-scale structures in the universe but faces severe issues on smaller scales when compared to observations. Introducing self-interactions between dark matter particles claims to provide a solution to the small-scale issues in the LambdaCDM simulations while being consistent with the observations at large scales. The existence of the energy region in which these self-interactions between dark matter particles come close to saturating the S-wave unitarity bound can result in the formation of dark matter bound states called darkonium. In this scenario, all the low energy scattering properties are determined by a single parameter, the inverse scattering length gamma. In this work, we set bounds on gamma by studying the impact of darkonium on the observations at direct detection experiments using data from CRESST-III and XENON1T. The exclusion limits on gamma are then subsequently converted to exclusion limits on the self-interaction cross-section and compared with the constraints from astrophysics and N-body simulations.

    astro-ph.COhep-phEPJC(2024)·4 citations
  24. 24*

    Cutkosky rules and 1-loop -deformed amplitudes

    Andrea Bevilacqua🇵🇱

    In this paper we show that the Cutkosky cutting rules are still valid term by term in the expansion in powers of of the -deformed 1-loop correction to the propagator. We first present a general argument which relates each term in the expansion to a non-deformed amplitude containing additional propagators with mass . We then show the same thing more pragmatically, by reducing the singularity structure of the coefficients in the expansion of the -deformed amplitude, to the singularity structure of non-deformed loop amplitudes, by using algebraic and analytic identities. We will explicitly show this up to second order in , but the technique can be generalized to higher orders in . Both the abstract and the more direct approach easily generalize to different deformed theories. We will then compute the full imaginary part of the -deformed 1-loop correction to the propagator in a specific model, up to second order in the expansion in , highlighting the usefulness of the approach for the phenomenology of deformed models. This explicitly confirms previous qualitative arguments concerning the behaviour of the decay width of unstable particles in the considered model.

    hep-thhep-phPRD(2024)·2 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.