HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Wed·Aug 23, 2023Wednesday·August 23, 2023

22 papers—14 primary·8 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
Textures of Neutrino Mass Matrix from $S_{4}$ -flavor Symmetry
N. Chamoun (HIAST & ITP-CAS)🇸🇾 · E. I. Lashin (Ain Shams Univ. & CFP-Zewail city)🇪🇬
We study a texture of neutrino mass matrix characterized by two constraints consisting of one equality and another antiequality between two elements corresponding to two pairs of the matrix entries. Amidst such textures, we limit our study to three patterns which were realizable assuming an $S_{4}$ -symmetry within type II-seesaw scenario. Three such cases were found and studied: I ( $M_{\n 22} = - M_{\n 33}$ \& $M_{\n 11} = + M_{\n 23}$ ), II ( $M_{\n 11} = - M_{\n 33}$ \& $M_{\n 22} = + M_{\n 13}$ ) and III ( $M_{\n 11} = - M_{\n 22}$ \& $M_{\n 33} = + M_{\n 12}$ ). We specify the role of unphysical phases in the definition of the textures under study which were tested against experimental constraints, and were found to accommodate data with both hierarchies allowed. However, switching off the unphysical phases allows only for inverted hierarchy, except for the texture III which allows also, albeit for a very narrow parameter space region, for normal ordering. We stress that the different phenomenologies when including/excluding unphysical phases stem from the different definitions of the texture one has to adopt in order to make it insensitive to unphysical phases, rather than to any `absent' physical effects of unphysical phases. We present a complete phenomenological analysis of these three textures and justify analytically the resulting correlations. We detail the effect of the unphysical phases in diluting/deforming several correlations, which otherwise would have been ``clear". Finally, we give theoretical realizations within seesaw type II scenarios for such textures.
hep-phJHEP(2025)·8 citations
02*
Quartic Gradient Flow
Muzi Hong🇯🇵 · Ryusuke Jinno🇯🇵
Saddle-point configurations, such as the Euclidean bounce and sphalerons, are known to be difficult to find numerically. In this Letter we study a new method, Quartic Gradient Flow, to search for such configurations. The central idea is to introduce a gradient-flow-like equation in such a way that all the fluctuations around the saddle-point have eigenvalues that are square of the eigenvalues of the original quadratic operator. We illustrate how the method works for the Euclidean bounce and sphalerons.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPLB(2024)·3 citations
03*
Kramers-Krönig approach to the electric permittivity of the vacuum in a strong constant electric field
Hidetoshi Taya🇯🇵 · Charlie Ironside🇦🇺
We study the electric permittivity of the QED vacuum in the presence of a strong constant electric field, motivated by the analogy between the dynamically-assisted Schwinger effect in strong-field QED and the Franz-Keldysh effect in semiconductor physics. We develop a linear-response theory based on the non-equilibrium in-in formalism and the Furry-picture perturbation theory, with which and also utilizing the Kramers-Krönig relation, we calculate the electric permittivity without assuming weak fields and low-frequency probes. We discover that the electric permittivity exhibits characteristic oscillating dependence on the probe frequency, which directly reflects the change of the QED-vacuum structure by the strong field. We also establish a quantitative correspondence between the electric permittivity and the number of electron-positron pairs produced by the dynamically-assisted Schwinger effect.
hep-phhep-thphysics.opticsPRD(2023)·4 citations
04*
Twist-3 Contributions in Semi-Inclusive DIS in the Target Fragmentation Region
K.B. Chen🇨🇳 · J.P. Ma🇨🇳 · X.B. Tong🇨🇳
We present the complete results up to twist-3 for hadron production in the target fragmentation region of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering with a polarized lepton beam and polarized nucleon target. The nonperturbative effects are factorized into fracture functions. The calculation up to twist-3 is nontrivial since one has to keep gauge invariance. By applying collinear expansion, we show that the hadronic tensor can be expressed by gauge-invariant fracture functions. We also present the results for the structure functions and azimuthal asymmetries.
hep-phPRD(2023)·14 citations
05*
Supersymmetric hybrid inflation and current-carrying metastable cosmic strings in $S U (4)_{c} \times S U (2)_{L} \times U (1)_{R}$
Adeela Afzal🇵🇰 · Maria Mehmood🇵🇰 · Mansoor Ur Rehman🇵🇰 · Qaisar Shafi🇺🇸
We construct a realistic supersymmetric model for superheavy metastable cosmic strings (CSs) that can be investigated in the current pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments. It is based on shifted $μ$ -hybrid inflation in which the symmetry breaking $S U (4)_{c} \times S U (2)_{L} \times U (1)_{R} \to S U (3)_{c} \times S U (2)_{L} \times U (1)_{B - L} \times U (1)_{R}$ proceeds along an inflationary trajectory such that the topologically unstable primordial monopoles are inflated away. {{The breaking of $U (1)_{B - L} \times U (1)_{R} \to U (1)_{Y}$ after inflation ends yields the superheavy metastable CSs carrying the right handed neutrino zero modes that generate the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), which we show is consistent with the current PTA data set and the LIGO O3 run}}. The scalar spectral index $n_{s}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ are compatible with the Planck 2018 and Atacama Cosmology Telescope measurements. Both reheating and leptogenesis are briefly discussed.
hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·33 citations
06*
Two-loop form factors for diphoton production in quark annihilation channel with heavy quark mass dependence
Matteo Becchetti🇮🇹 · Roberto Bonciani🇮🇹 · Leandro Cieri🇪🇸 · Federico Coro🇪🇸 · Federico Ripani🇮🇹
We present the computation of the two-loop form factors for diphoton production in the quark annihilation channel. These quantities are relevant for the NNLO QCD corrections to diphoton production at LHC recently presented in arXiv:2308.10885. The computation is performed retaining full dependence on the mass of the heavy quark in the loops. The master integrals are evaluated by means of differential equations which are solved exploiting the generalised power series technique.
hep-phJHEP(2023)·18 citations
07*
AdS/CFT and the Double-Copy: A Unified Perspective Across Various Phenomenological Models
Jia-rui Guo🇨🇳
This study utilizes theoretical tools including the double copy relation and AdS/CFT correspondence. Applying analogies, we establish a system to discuss the associations and equivalence relations among QCD, QED, and various (mixed) gauge field theory based quantum many-body effective models. By employing mathematical techniques on the background spacetime, these relations are extended to extreme regimes while ensuring model independence.
hep-phnucl-th0 citations
08*
Supersymmetric $U (1)_{B - L}$ flat direction and NANOGrav 15 year data
Rinku Maji🇰🇷 · Wan-Il Park🇰🇷
We show that, when connected with monopoles, the flat $D$ -flat direction breaking the local $U (1)_{B - L}$ symmetry as an extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model can be responsible for the signal of a stochastic gravitational wave background recently reported by NANOGrav collaborations, while naturally satisfying constraints at high frequency band. Thanks to the flatness of the direction, a phase of thermal inflation arises naturally. The reheating temperature is quite low, and suppresses signals at frequencies higher than the characteristic frequency set by the reheating temperature. Notably, forthcoming spaced-based experiments such as LISA can probe the cutoff frequency, providing an indirect clue of the scale of soft SUSY-breaking mass parameter.
hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2024)·52 citations
09*
Searching for neutrino-modulino oscillations at the Forward Physics Facility
Luis A. Anchordoqui🇺🇸 · Ignatios Antoniadis🇫🇷 · Karim Benakli🇫🇷 · Jules Cunat🇫🇷 · Dieter Lust🇩🇪
We make use of swampland conjectures to explore the phenomenology of neutrino-modulino mixing in regions of the parameter space that are within the sensitivity of experiments at the CERN's Forward Physics Facility (FPF). We adopt the working assumption of Dirac mass terms which couple left- and right-handed neutrinos. We further assume that the 3 right-handed neutrinos are 0-modes of bulk 5-dimensional states in the dark dimension, a novel scenario which has a compact space with characteristic length-scale in the micron range that produces a natural suppression of the 4-dimensional Yukawa couplings, yielding naturally light Dirac neutrinos. We formulate a specific realization of models with high-scale supersymmetry breaking that can host a rather heavy gravitino ( $m_{3/2} \sim 250$ TeV) and a modulino with mass scale ( $m_{4} \sim 50$ eV) within the FPF discovery reach.
hep-phhep-thPLB(2024)·15 citations
10*
Calculation of lepton magnetic moments in quantum electrodynamics: a justification of the flexible divergence elimination method
Sergey Volkov🇩🇪
The flexible method of reduction to finite integrals, briefly described in earlier publications of the author, is described in detail. The method is suitable for the calculation of all quantum electrodynamical contributions to the magnetic moments of leptons. It includes mass-dependent contributions. The method removes all divergences (UV, IR and mixed) point-by-point in Feynman parametric space without any usage of limit-like regularizations. It yields a finite integral for each individual Feynman graph. The subtraction procedure is based on the use of linear operators applied to the Feynman amplitudes of UV-divergent subgraphs; a placement of all terms in the same Feynman parametric space is implied. The final result is simply the sum of the individual graph contributions; no residual renormalization is required. The method also allows us to split the total contribution into the contributions of small gauge-invariant classes. The procedure offers a great freedom in the choice of the linear operators. This freedom can be used for improving the computation speed and for a reliability check. The mechanism of divergence elimination is explained, as well as the equivalence of the method and the on-shell renormalization. For illustrative purposes, all 4-loop contributions to the anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and muon are given for each small gauge-invariant class, as well as their comparison with previously known results. This also includes the contributions that depend on the ratios of the tau-lepton mass to the electron and muon mass.
hep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·6 citations
11*
NNLO+PS $W^{+} W^{-}$ production using jet veto resummation at NNLL $^{'}$
Alessandro Gavardi🇩🇪 · Matthew A. Lim🇬🇧 · Simone Alioli🇮🇹 · Frank Tackmann🇩🇪
We construct a novel event generator for the process $p p \to ℓ^{-} ν ˉ_{ℓ} ℓ^{' +} ν_{ℓ^{'}}$ , which matches fixed-order predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in the strong coupling to a parton shower program. The matching is achieved using the GENEVA method, in this case exploiting a resummed calculation for the hardest jet transverse momentum at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy obtained via soft-collinear effective theory and implemented in the C++ library SCETlib. This choice of resolution variable ensures that the introduction of a jet veto, commonly used by experimental analyses to reject multi-jet background events, does not result in the appearance of unmitigated large logarithms for low veto scales before showering. After validating our partonic results against publicly available fixed order and resummed calculations, we compare our predictions to measurements taken at the ATLAS and CMS experiments, finding good agreement. This is the first NNLO+PS accurate event generator to use the hardest jet transverse momentum as a resolution variable.
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·20 citations
12*
Flavor physics beyond the Standard Model and the Kobayashi-Maskawa legacy
Gino Isidori🇨🇭
The Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) hypothesis about the existence of a third generation of quarks represents a cornerstone of the Standard Model (SM). Fifty years after this seminal paper, flavor physics continues to represent a privileged observatory on physics occurring at high energy scales. In this paper I first review this statement using general effective-theory arguments, highlighting some interesting modern lessons from the KM paper. I then discuss some novel extensions of the SM based on the concept of flavor deconstruction: the hypothesis that gauge interactions are manifestly flavor non universal in the ultraviolet. The phenomenological consequences of this class of models are also briefly illustrated.
hep-phPTEP(2025)·3 citations
13*
Global Analysis of the ALP Effective Theory
Sebastian Bruggisser🇩🇪 · Lara Grabitz🇩🇪 · Susanne Westhoff🇩🇪
We perform a global fit of the effective Lagrangian for axion-like particles (ALPs) to data. By combining LHC observables from top physics, dijet and di-boson production with electroweak precision observables, we resolve the full parameter space of ALPs with flavor-universal couplings. Using the renormalization group to evolve the effective ALP couplings to low energies allows us to investigate the impact of flavor observables on the global analysis. We show that resonance searches in $B \to K$ meson decays significantly enhance the sensitivity to ALPs with sub-GeV masses. The lifetime of the ALP plays a crucial role in resolving the multi-dimensional parameter space with searches for prompt, displaced and invisible ALP decays. Our analysis points out the differences in probing an effective theory with new light particles, compared to scenarios with only non-resonant effects of heavy particles at low energies, as in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory.
hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·24 citations
14*
A Generalised Missing Partner Mechanism for SU(5) GUT Inflation
Stefan Antusch🇨🇭 · Kevin Hinze🇨🇭 · Shaikh Saad🇨🇭 · Jonathan Steiner🇨🇭
We generalise the Missing Partner Mechanism to split the electron-like states from the coloured ones of vectorlike SU(5) 10-plets without fine-tuning. Together with the extra light weak doublets from the Double Missing Partner Mechanism (DMPM), this realises gauge coupling unification in the presence of a light weak triplet and colour octet, the characteristic light relics from the adjoint in SU(5) GUT Inflation models. Additionally, we show how the vectorlike 10-plets may generate realistic fermion masses while the DMPM ensures that dimension five nucleon decay is suppressed. A discovery of the light relic states at future colliders would provide a "smoking gun" signal of the scenario.
hep-phPRD(2024)·9 citations
15*
Note on scattering in asymptotically nonlocal theories
Christopher D. Carone🇺🇸 · Mikkie R. Musser🇺🇸
It is possible to formulate theories with many Lee-Wick particles such that a limit exists where the low-energy theory approaches the form of a ghost-free nonlocal theory. Such asymptotically nonlocal quantum field theories have a derived regulator scale that is hierarchically smaller than the lightest Lee-Wick resonance; this has been studied previously in the case of asymptotically nonlocal scalar theories, Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories, and linearized gravity. Here we consider the dependence on center-of-mass energy of scattering cross sections in these theories. While Lee-Wick resonances can be decoupled from the low-energy theory, scattering amplitudes nonetheless reflect the emergent nonlocality at the scale where the quadratic divergences are regulated. This implies observable consequences in theories designed to address the hierarchy problem, even when the Lee-Wick resonances are not directly accessible.
↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·3 citations
16*
Parity Violation from Emergent Non-Locality During Inflation
Sadra Jazayeri🇫🇷 · Sébastien Renaux-Petel🇫🇷 · Xi Tong🇨🇳 · Denis Werth🇫🇷 · Yuhang Zhu🇨🇳
Parity violation in the early universe holds great promise for uncovering new physics. In particular, the primordial scalar four-point correlation function is allowed to develop a parity-violating component when massive spinning particles coupled to a helical chemical potential are present during inflation. In this paper, we explore the rich physics of such a parity-violating trispectrum in the presence of a reduced speed of sound for the Goldstone boson of broken time translations. We show that this signal can be significantly large while remaining under perturbative control, offering promising observational prospects for future cosmological surveys. In the limit of a reduced sound speed, the dynamics admits an effective non-local description organized as a time-derivative expansion. This reveals that parity violation arises due to emergent non-locality in the single-field effective theory. At leading order, this effective theory yields a compact trispectrum template, written in terms of elementary functions. We then conduct a comprehensive analysis of the kinematic dependence of this parity-violating trispectrum and reveal new features. In addition to the low-speed collider resonance, we find a new class of signals lying in the internal soft-limit of the correlator. This signal is characterized by an oscillatory pattern periodic in the momentum ratio, with a frequency determined by the speed of sound and the chemical potential, making it drastically distinct from the conventional cosmological collider signal.
↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·47 citations
17*
Angular Momentum Loss Due to Spin-Orbit Effects in the Post-Minkowskian Expansion
Carlo Heissenberg🇸🇪
We calculate the spin-orbit corrections to the loss of angular momentum in a two-body scattering at third Post-Minkowskian order, $O (G^{3})$ , from scattering amplitudes using the eikonal operator. These results include effects linear in spin, are valid for generic spin orientations and are presented in a manifestly Poincaré covariant way. We include both radiative losses, by means of the leading-order gravitational waveform, and static losses by means of the appropriate $- i 0$ prescription in the leading soft graviton theorem, finding agreement with known results in the Post-Newtonian limit.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·41 citations
18*
The Global Network of Cavities to Search for Gravitational Waves (GravNet): A novel scheme to hunt gravitational waves signatures from the early universe
Kristof Schmieden🇩🇪 · Matthias Schott🇩🇪
The idea of searching for gravitational waves using cavities in strong magnetic fields has recently received significant attention. Specifically, discussions focus on cavities with relatively small volumes, which are currently employed in the search for axions. In this context, we propose a novel experimental scheme that enables the detection of gravitational waves in the GHz regime, which could originate, for example, from primordial black hole mergers. The scheme is based on synchronous measurements of cavity signals from multiple devices operating in magnetic fields at distant locations. While gravitational wave signatures might be detectable in individual cavities, distinguishing them from noise is highly challenging. By analyzing the correlation among signals from several, possibly geographically separated cavities, it is not only possible to significantly enhance the signal-to-noise ratio but also to investigate the source of those gravitational wave signatures. In the context of this proposal, a first demonstration experiment with one superconducting cavity is currently conducted, which is the basis of the proposed data-analysis approaches. On this basis the prospects of GravNet (Global Network of Cavities to Search for Gravitational Waves) are outlined in the paper.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.IMhep-exhep-phPoS(2024)·19 citations
19*
Momentum dependent measures of correlations between mean transverse momentum and harmonic flow in heavy ion collisions
Rupam Samanta🇵🇱 · Piotr Bozek🇵🇱
The correlation between the mean transverse momentum and the harmonic flow coefficients is an observable which is of great interest; it is sensitive to shape fluctuations in the initial state of a relativistic nuclear collision. The measurement of that correlation coefficient in central collisions allows one to infer about the intrinsic deformation of the colliding nuclei. We propose to study the momentum dependent covariance and correlation coefficient between the mean transverse momentum and the harmonic flow in a given transverse momentum bin. Two possible constructions of such observables are provided and predictions are obtained from a viscous hydrodynamic model. We find that such momentum dependent correlation coefficients between the mean transverse momentum and the harmonic flow show a strong and nontrivial momentum dependence. We also explore the effects of granularity (nucleon width) in the initial state, the nuclear deformation, and the shear viscosity on this momentum dependent correlation coefficient. The shape of the momentum dependence of the correlation coefficient for the triangular flow is found to be sensitive to the size of small scale fluctuations in the initial state. On the other hand, the shape of the momentum dependence of the covariance between the mean transverse momentum and the harmonic flow coefficients is found to be sensitive to the value of the shear viscosity and to the granularity of the initial state.
↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·5 citations
20*
Measures of azimuthal anisotropy in high-energy collisions
Jean-Yves Ollitrault🇫🇷
Azimuthal anisotropy is a key observation made in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. This phenomenon has played a crucial role in the development of the field over the last two decades. In addition to its interest for studying the quark-gluon plasma, which was the original motivation, it is sensitive to the properties of incoming nuclei, in particular to the nuclear deformation and to the nuclear skin. The azimuthal anisotropy is therefore of crucial importance when relating low-energy nuclear structure to high-energy nuclear collisions. This article is an elementary introduction to the various observables used in order to characterize azimuthal anisotropy, which go under the names of $v_{2} {2}$ , $v_{3} {2}$ , $v_{2} {4}$ , etc. The intended audience is primarily physicists working in the field of nuclear structure.
↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thEPJA(2023)·34 citations
21*
Relativistic Hydrodynamics under Rotation: Prospects & Limitations from a Holographic Perspective
Markus A. G. Amano🇨🇳 · Casey Cartwright🇳🇱 · Matthias Kaminski🇺🇸 · Jackson Wu🇺🇸
The AdS/CFT correspondence, or holography, has provided numerous important insights into the behavior of strongly-coupled many-body systems. Crucially, it has provided a testing ground for the construction of new effective field theories, especially those in the low frequency, long wavelength limit known as hydrodynamics. We review the study of strongly-coupled rotating fluids using holography, and we examine the hydrodynamics emerging from the study of rotating Myers-Perry black holes. We discuss three regimes in which holographic rotating fluids display either (1) hydrodynamic behavior of a boosted fluid, (2) hydrodynamic behavior distinct from a boosted fluid, or (3) no obvious hydrodynamic behavior. We describe techniques to obtain hydrodynamic and non-hydrodynamic modes, and we compute the radius of convergence for the hydrodynamic regimes. The limitations of hydrodynamics under rotation are discussed alongside our findings.
↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phnucl-ex+1PPNP(2024)·12 citations
22*
Calorimeter shower superresolution
Ian Pang🇺🇸 · John Andrew Raine🇨🇭 · David Shih🇺🇸
Calorimeter shower simulation is a major bottleneck in the Large Hadron Collider computational pipeline. There have been recent efforts to employ deep-generative surrogate models to overcome this challenge. However, many of best performing models have training and generation times that do not scale well to high-dimensional calorimeter showers. In this work, we introduce SuperCalo, a flow-based superresolution model, and demonstrate that high-dimensional fine-grained calorimeter showers can be quickly upsampled from coarse-grained showers. This novel approach presents a way to reduce computational cost, memory requirements and generation time associated with fast calorimeter simulation models. Additionally, we show that the showers upsampled by SuperCalo possess a high degree of variation. This allows a large number of high-dimensional calorimeter showers to be upsampled from much fewer coarse showers with high-fidelity, which results in additional reduction in generation time.
↳ physics.ins-detcs.LGhep-exhep-ph+1PRD(2024)·34 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.