Wed·Jan 11, 2023Wednesday·January 11, 2023

1. 01*

   Precision predictions for exotic lepton production at the Large Hadron Collider

   A.H. Ajjath · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷 · Yehudi Simon🇫🇷

   We calculate total and differential cross sections for the pair production, at the Large Hadron Collider, of exotic leptons that could emerge from models with vector-like leptons and in Type-III seesaw scenarios. Our predictions include next-to-leading-order QCD corrections, and we subsequently match them with either parton showers, or threshold resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. Our results show an important increase of the cross sections relative to the leading-order predictions, exhibit a distortion of the shapes for various differential distributions, and feature a significant reduction of the scale uncertainties. Our predictions have been obtained from new FeynRules model implementations and associated UFO model libraries. This completes the set of next-to-leading-order implementations of new physics models featuring extra leptons that are publicly available on the FeynRules model database.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·16 citations
2. 02*

   Quark hierarchical structures in modular symmetric flavor models at level 6

   Shota Kikuchi🇯🇵 · Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Kaito Nasu🇯🇵 · Shohei Takada🇯🇵 · Hikaru Uchida🇯🇵

   We study modular symmetric quark flavor models without fine-tuning. Mass matrices are written in terms of modular forms, and modular forms in the vicinity of the modular fixed points become hierarchical depending on their residual charges. Thus modular symmetric flavor models in the vicinity of the modular fixed points have a possibility to describe mass hierarchies without fine-tuning. Since describing quark hierarchies without fine-tuning requires $Z_n$ residual symmetry with $n\ge 6$, we focus on ${\Gamma }_6$ modular symmetry in the vicinity of the cusp $\tau =i\infty$ where $Z_6$ residual symmetry remains. We use only modular forms belonging to singlet representations of ${\Gamma }_6$ to make our analysis simple. Consequently, viable quark flavor models are obtained without fine-tuning.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·34 citations
3. 03*

   Sub-GeV dark matter search at ILC beam dumps

   Kento Asai🇯🇵 · Sho Iwamoto🇭🇺 · Maxim Perelstein🇺🇸 · Yasuhito Sakaki🇯🇵 · Daiki Ueda🇨🇳

   Light dark matter particles may be produced in electron and positron beam dumps of the International Linear Collider (ILC). We propose an experimental setup to search for such events, the Beam-Dump eXperiment at the ILC (ILC-BDX). The setup consists of a muon shield placed behind the beam dump, followed by a multi-layer tracker and an electromagnetic calorimeter. The calorimeter can detect electron recoils due to elastic scattering of dark matter particles produced in the dump, while the tracker is sensitive to decays of excited dark-sector states into the dark matter particle. We study the production, decay and scattering of sub-GeV dark matter particles in this setup in several models with a dark photon mediator. Taking into account beam-related backgrounds due to neutrinos produced in the beam dump as well as the cosmic-ray background, we evaluate the sensitivity reach of the ILC-BDX experiment. We find that the ILC-BDX will be able to probe interesting regions of the model parameter space and, in many cases, reach well below the relic target.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·13 citations
4. 04*

   Effective-Lagrangian study of ${\psi }^{\prime }(J/\psi )\to VP$ and the insights into $\rho \pi$ puzzle

   Lin-Wan Yan🇨🇳 · Yun-Hua Chen🇨🇳 · Chun-Gui Duan🇨🇳 · Zhi-Hui Guo🇨🇳

   Within the effective Lagrangian approach, we carry out a unified study of the $J/\psi ({\psi }^{\prime })\to VP$, $J/\psi \to P\gamma$ and relevant radiative decays of light-flavor hadrons. Large amount of experimental data, including the various decay widths and electromagnetic form factors, are fitted to constrain the numerous hadron couplings. Relative strengths between the strong and electromagnetic interactions are revealed in the $J/\psi \to VP$ and ${\psi }^{\prime }\to VP$ processes. The effect from the strong interaction is found to dominate in the $J/\psi \to \rho \pi$ decay, while the electromagnetic interaction turns out to be the dominant effect in ${\psi }^{\prime }\to \rho \pi$ decay, which provides an explanation to the $\rho \pi$ puzzle. For the $J/\psi \to K^{\ast }\bar{K}+{\bar{K}}^{\ast }K$ and ${\psi }^{\prime }\to K^{\ast }\bar{K}+{\bar{K}}^{\ast }K$, the former process is dominated by the strong interactions, and the effects from the electromagnetic parts are found to be comparable with those of strong interactions in the latter process. Different $SU(3)$ breaking effects from the electromagnetic parts appear in the charged and neutral channels for the ${\psi }^{\prime }\to K^{\ast }\bar{K}+{\bar{K}}^{\ast }K$ processes explain the rather different ratios between $B({\psi }^{\prime }\to K^{\ast +}{K}^{-}+K^{\ast -}{K}^{+})/B(J/\psi \to K^{\ast +}{K}^{-}+K^{\ast -}{K}^{+})$ and $B({\psi }^{\prime }\to K^{\ast 0}{\bar{K}}^0+{\bar{K}}^{\ast 0}{K}^0)/B(J/\psi \to K^{\ast 0}{\bar{K}}^0+{\bar{K}}^{\ast 0}{K}^0)$.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·10 citations
5. 05*

   Relativistic corrections to $\psi (nS)\to \rho \pi$ exclusive decays and their role in the understanding of the $\rho \pi$-puzzle

   Nikolay Kivel🇩🇪

   We study relativistic corrections to exclusive $S$-wave charmonium decays into $\rho \pi$ and $\gamma \pi$ final states. The contribution of relative order $v^2$ and the set of associated higher order corrections are calculated using NRQCD and collinear factorisation framework. Numerical estimates show that the dominant effect is provided by the corrections of relative order $v^2$. The numerical values of these contributions are of the same order as the leading-order ones. These results suggest a scenario where the sum of relativistic and radiative QCD corrections could explain the $\rho \pi$-puzzle.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·6 citations
6. 06*

   Non commutativity between massless and soft limit in processes with heavy quarks

   Andrea Ghira🇮🇹

   Processes involving heavy quarks can be computed in perturbation theory in two different ways: we can adopt a scheme in which the mass of the quark is considered only as a regulator of the collinear divergences because of the fact that the hard scale of the process is far bigger or we can consider the quark as a massive particle. Each picture has its own advantages and drawbacks: we investigate the differences between the two approaches with particular attention to the soft logarithmic structure. We examine the origin of this difference, focusing on different processes involving the Higgs boson . Finally we perform the threshold resummation of the Higgs boson decay rate into a $b\bar{b}$ pair at NLL accuracy in the massive scheme.

   hep-phFrascati Phys.Ser.(2022)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Backreaction effect and plasma oscillation in pair production for rapidly oscillating electric fields

   R. Z. Jiang🇨🇳 · C. Gong🇨🇳 · Z. L. Li🇨🇳 · Y. J. Li🇨🇳

   The backreaction effect and plasma oscillation in pair production for rapidly oscillating electric fields are investigated by solving quantum Vlasov equation. Contrary to previously thought, it is found that the backreaction effect can be neglected in the pair production for a rapidly oscillating but weak electric field, particularly, for a subcritical external electric field with frequency chirp. In some cases the oscillation period of created electron-positron plasma can be described by a simple formula constructed based on the Langmiur oscillation frequency, but it is impossible in general case because the plasma oscillation period directly depend not only on the final number density of created particles, but also on the external electric field parameters. Moreover, it is found that the momentum spectrum presents complex interferences after considering the backreaction. These results give us the safety range of external electric fields for taking no account of the backreaction effect and deepen our understanding of the pair production with the backreaction effect.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
8. 08*

   Role of chemical potential at kinetic freeze-out using Tsallis non-extensive statistics in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider

   Girija Sankar Pradhan🇮🇳 · Dushmanta Sahu🇮🇳 · Rutuparna Rath🇮🇹 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳 · Jean Cleymans🇿🇦

   The charged-particle transverse momentum spectra ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$-spectra) measured by the ALICE collaboration for $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 and 13 TeV have been studied using a thermodynamically consistent form of Tsallis non-extensive statistics. The Tsallis distribution function is fitted to the $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-spectra and the results are analyzed as a function of final state charged-particle multiplicity for various light flavor and strange particles, such as ${\pi }^{\pm },K^{\pm },p+\bar{p},\varphi ,\Lambda +\bar{\Lambda },\Xi +\bar{\Xi },\Omega +\bar{\Omega }$. At the LHC energies, particles and antiparticles are produced in equal numbers. However, the equality of particle and antiparticle yields at the kinetic freeze-out may imply that they have the same but opposite chemical potential which is not necessarily zero. We use an alternative procedure that makes use of parameter redundancy, by introducing a finite chemical potential at the kinetic freeze-out stage. This article emphasizes the importance of the chemical potential of the system produced in $pp$ collisions at the LHC energies using the Tsallis distribution function which brings the system to a single freeze-out scenario.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thEPJA(2024)·9 citations
9. 09*

   Study of neutrino mass matrices with vanishing trace and one vanishing minor

   Sangeeta Dey🇮🇳 · Mahadev Patgiri🇮🇳

   In this work we carry out a systematic texture study of the neutrino mass matrix with the ansatzes - (i) one vanishing minor and (ii) the zero sum of the mass eigenvalues with the CP phases (henceforth vanishing trace). There are six possible textures of a neutrino mass matrix with one vanishing minor. The viability of each texture is checked with $3\sigma$ values of current neutrino data by drawing scatter plots. In our analysis we are motivated to use the ratio of solar to atmospheric mass-squared differences $R_{\nu }$ for its precise measurement (and also the atmospheric mixing angle ${\theta }_{23}$) to constrain phenomenologically first the Dirac CP phase $\delta$ in the range of $0^{°}-360^{°}$ for a given texture with the solutions of the constraint equations. Subsequently we employ this constrained $\delta$ to determine the range of completely unknown Majorana CP Phases ($\alpha$ and $\beta$) for all the viable textures. We also check the neutrinoless double beta decay rate, $|m_{ee}|$ and the Jarlskog invariant, $J_{cp}$ for the textures. Finally the symmetry realization of all the viable textures under the flavor symmetry group $Z_5$ via seesaw mechanism is implemented along with the FN mechanism to determine mass hierarchy structure.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
10. 10*

    Determination of the $W$-boson mass at hadron colliders

    Luca Rottoli🇨🇭 · Paolo Torrielli🇮🇹 · Alessandro Vicini🇮🇹

    We introduce an observable relevant for the determination of the $W$-boson mass $m_W$ at hadron colliders. This observable is defined as an asymmetry around the jacobian peak of the charged-lepton transverse-momentum distribution in the charged-current Drell-Yan process. We discuss the observable's theoretical prediction, presenting results at different orders in QCD, and showing its perturbative stability. Its definition as a single scalar number and its linear sensitivity to $m_W$ allow a clean extraction of the latter and a straightforward discussion of the associated theoretical systematics: a perturbative QCD uncertainty of $\mathcal{O}(\pm 5)$ MeV on $m_W$ can be established by means of this observable, relying solely on charged-current Drell-Yan information. Owing to its relatively inclusive nature, the observable displays desirable properties also from the experimental viewpoint, especially for the unfolding of detector effects. We show that a measurement of this observable can lead to a competitive experimental error on $m_W$ at the LHC.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·20 citations
11. 11*

    Probing the longitudinal spin transfer via dihadron polarization correlations in unpolarized $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ and $pp$ collisions

    Hao-Cheng Zhang🇨🇳 · Shu-Yi Wei🇨🇳

    The longitudinal spin transfer represents the probability density of producing longitudinally polarized hadrons from longitudinally polarized quarks or circularly polarized gluons. It thus was usually measured in polarized reactions or high-energy collisions where weak interaction dominates. In this work, we propose the dihadron polarization correlation as a novel probe of this quantity. Such an observable does not require the fragmenting partons to be polarized and therefore can be measured in the currently available experimental facilities, such as Belle, RHIC, Tevatron, and the LHC. We make quantitative predictions for these experiments. In light of the data already harvested, the experimental investigation of this observable provides more opportunity for the quantitative study of the longitudinal spin transfer. In particular, the measurements in pp collisions can significantly constrain the fragmentation function of a circularly polarized gluon.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2023)·19 citations
12. 12*

    Constraining flavoured leptoquarks with LHC and LFV

    Ivo de Medeiros Varzielas🇵🇹 · Amartya Sengupta🇵🇹

    We consider the framework of flavoured leptoquarks, in models with scalar or vector leptoquarks, and look for constraints to the parameter space of these models. Using primarily direct searches at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and precision processes that probe Lepton Flavour Violation (LFV), we present lower bounds for the masses of the leptoquarks in different flavoured scenarios. We classify the models according to the specific leptoquark, distinguished with respect to their couplings to charged leptons (lepton isolation, two-columned patterns) and in scenarios with specific hierarchies in the couplings (hierarchical, 2-3 democratic, and flipped).

    hep-phNPB(2024)·11 citations
13. 13*

    Distortion of neutrino oscillations by dark photon dark matter

    Gonzalo Alonso-Álvarez🇨🇦 · Katarina Bleau🇨🇦 · James M. Cline🇨🇦

    A weakly coupled and light dark photon coupling to lepton charges $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ is an intriguing dark matter candidate whose coherent oscillations alter the dispersion relations of leptons. We study how this effect modifies the dynamics of neutrino flavor conversions, focusing on long baseline and solar oscillations. We analyze data from the T2K, SNO, and Super-Kamiokande experiments in order to obtain world-leading limits on the dark photon gauge coupling for masses below $\sim 10^{-11}\mathrm{eV}$. Degeneracies between shifts in the neutrino mass-squared differences and mixing angles and the new physics effect significantly relax the current constrains on the neutrino vacuum oscillation parameters.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2023)·24 citations
14. 14*

    Dark Matter Induced Nucleon Decay Signals in Mesogenesis

    Joshua Berger🇺🇸 · Gilly Elor🇩🇪

    We introduce and study the first class of signals that can probe the dark matter in Mesogenesis which will be observable at current and upcoming large volume neutrino experiments. The well-motivated Mesogenesis scenario for generating the observed matter-anti-matter asymmetry necessarily has dark matter charged under baryon number. Interactions of these particles with nuclei can induce nucleon decay with kinematics differing from sponanteous nucleon decay. We calculate the rate for this process and develop a simulation of the signal that includes important distortions due to nuclear effects. We estimate the sensitivity of DUNE, Super-Kamiokande, and Hyper-Kamiokande to this striking signal.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRL(2024)·19 citations
15. 15*

    Inflation in Weyl Scaling Invariant Gravity with $R^3$ Extensions

    Qing-Yang Wang🇨🇳 · Yong Tang🇨🇳 · Yue-Liang Wu🇨🇳

    The cosmological observations of cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure indicate that our universe has a nearly scaling invariant power spectrum of the primordial perturbation. However, the exact origin for this primordial spectrum is still unclear. Here, we propose the Weyl scaling invariant $R^2+R^3$ gravity that gives rise to inflation that is responsible for the primordial perturbation in the early universe. We develop both analytic and numerical treatments on inflationary observables, and find this model gives a distinctive scalar potential that can support two different patterns of inflation. The first one is similar to that occurs in the pure $R^2$ model, but with a wide range of tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ from $\mathcal{O}(10^{-4})$ to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$. The other one is a new situation with not only slow-roll inflation but also a short stage of oscillation-induced accelerating expansion. Both patterns of inflation have viable parameter spaces that can be probed by future experiments on cosmic microwave background and primordial gravitational waves.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·12 citations
16. 16*

    Examination of nucleon distribution with Bayesian imaging for isobar collisions

    Yi-Lin Cheng🇩🇪 · Shuzhe Shi🇺🇸 · Yu-Gang Ma🇨🇳 · Horst Stöcker🇩🇪 · Kai Zhou🇩🇪

    Relativistic collision of isobaric systems is found to be valuable in differentiating the nucleon distributions for nuclei with the same mass number. In recent contrast experiment of ${}_{44}^{96}\text{Ru}{+}_{44}^{96}\text{Ru}$ versus ${}_{40}^{96}\text{Zr}{+}_{40}^{96}\text{Zr}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=200\text{GeV}$, the ratios of multiplicity distribution, elliptic flow, triangular flow, and radial flow are precisely measured and found to be significantly different from unity, indicating the difference in the shapes of the isobar pair. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of nuclear structure reconstruction from heavy-ion collision observables. We perform Bayesian Inference with employing the Monte-Carlo Glauber model as an estimator of the mapping from nuclear structure to the final state observables and to provide the mock data for reconstruction. By varying combination of observables included in the mock data, we find it plausible to infer Woods--Saxon parameters from the observables. We also observe that single-system multiplicity distribution for the isobar system, rather than their ratio, is crucial to simultaneously determine the nuclear structure for the isobar system.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exPRC(2023)·20 citations
17. 17*

    $\Lambda NN$ content of $\Lambda$-nucleus potential

    Eliahu Friedman🇮🇱 · Avraham Gal🇮🇱

    A minimally constructed $\Lambda$-nucleus density-dependent optical potential is used to calculate binding energies of observed $1s_{\Lambda }$, $1p_{\Lambda }$ states across the periodic table, leading to a repulsive $\Lambda NN$ contribution $D_{\Lambda }^{(3)}\approx 14$ MeV to the phenomenological $\Lambda$-nucleus potential depth $D_{\Lambda }\approx -30$ MeV. This value is significant in connection with the so-called 'hyperon puzzle'.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·5 citations
18. 18*

    Electric field-based quantization of the gauge invariant Proca theory

    Bogdan Damski🇵🇱

    We consider the gauge invariant version of the Proca theory, where besides the real vector field there is also the real scalar field. We quantize the theory such that the commutator of the scalar field operator and the electric field operator is given by a predefined three-dimensional vector field, say $\mathcal{E}$ up to a global prefactor. This happens when the field operators of the gauge invariant Proca theory satisfy the proper gauge constraint. In particular, we show that $\mathcal{E}$ given by the classical Coulomb field leads to the Coulomb gauge constraint making the vector field operator divergenceless. We also show that physically unreadable gauge constraints can have a strikingly simple $\mathcal{E}$-representation in our formalism. This leads to the discussion of Debye, Yukawa, etc. gauges. In general terms, we explore the mapping between classical vector fields and gauge constraints imposed on the operators of the studied theory.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·2 citations
19. 19*

    Probing LHAASO Galactic PeVatrons through gamma-ray and neutrino correspondence

    Prantik Sarmah🇮🇳 · Sovan Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Jagdish C. Joshi🇮🇳

    Recently, Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) has detected several Galactic point sources of ultra high energy (UHE; $E_{\gamma }>100$ TeV) gamma-rays. These gamma-rays are possibly created in leptonic or hadronic interactions of cosmic rays (CRs) of PeV energies. In the hadronic channel ($p-p$ interaction), the gamma-rays are accompanied by neutrinos. The detection of neutrinos is therefore crucial in understanding CR acceleration in such objects. To estimate the neutrino flux, we adopt the two LHAASO sources (J2226+6057, J1908+0621) found to be spatially associated with the Supernova remnants (SNR G106.3+2.7, SNR G40.5-0.5). For these two sources, the detected TeV-PeV gamma-ray spectra are found to be unusually hard (with spectral index $\sim$ 1.8). We develop a model of gamma-ray and neutrino emission based on the above two prototypes. The neutrino fluxes from these two sources are found to be below the IceCube sensitivity, but are detectable in upcoming IceCube-Gen2 and KM3NeT experiments. We further estimate the neutrino fluxes from similar other 10 LHAASO PeVatron sources and most of them are found to be detectable in IceCube-Gen2 and KM3NeT. Finally, we explore our model parameters, in particular the spectral power law index and estimate the future potential of the neutrino detectors to probe CR acceleration in such Galactic sources.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2023)·11 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.