Wed·Nov 17, 2021Wednesday·November 17, 2021

1. 01*

   Long-range axion forces and hadronic CP violation

   Shohei Okawa🇪🇸 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸 · Adam Ritz🇨🇦

   Axions and other pseudoscalar fields comprise an interesting class of ultralight dark matter candidates, that may independently play a role in solving the strong $CP$ problem. In the presence of $CP$-violating sources, these pseudoscalar fields can develop a coherent non-derivative coupling to nucleons, ${\bar{g}}_{aNN}$, thus mediating `mass-mass' and `mass-spin' forces in matter that can be probed experimentally. We revisit the non-perturbative generation of these $CP$-odd axion forces, and refine estimates of ${\bar{g}}_{aNN}$ generated by the EDMs and color EDMs of quarks. We also revisit the Standard Model contribution to $CP$-odd axion couplings generated by the phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·24 citations
2. 02*

   Medium induced gluon spectrum in the Improved Opacity Expansion

   João Barata🇪🇸

   Over the last decades, analytical calculations of jet quenching observables have always needed to make a distinction between dense or dilute mediums. Although there are different theoretical formalisms suited for each one of these scenarios, taking into account multiple soft and single hard interactions between the probe and the background under a single approach has proven to be a difficult task. In this talk, we will introduce the Improved Opacity Expansion (IOE), which extends the well established Opacity Expansion framework beyond the hard momentum transfer tail, including the regime captured by the BDMPS-Z/ASW approximation. We will focus on the application of the IOE to the computation of the single gluon medium induced spectrum from a hard parton, which constitutes one of the most important theoretical results in jet quenching theory.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Probing violation of CP & T invariance in the transitions of {\tau} leptons

   I.I. Bigi🇺🇸

   The SM predicts zero value for {\bf CP} \& {\bf T} violation in the decays of $\tau$ leptons -- except ${\tau }^{-}\to \nu K_S[{\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0...]$. Our community could establish impact of New Dynamics (ND) in a {\bf CP} asymmetry in a semi-hadronic $\tau$ transition and later in a second one. To be `practical', I suggest to our experimental colleagues to probe ${\tau }^{-}\to \nu {\bar{K}}^0[{\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0/{\pi }^{-}\eta ]$and ${\tau }^{-}\to \nu K^{-}[{\pi }^0/{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}/\eta ]$. While I had mostly given comments about {\bf CP} violation in $\tau$ transitions, some theorists have shown how ND models could produce {\bf CP} asymmetries; I will discuss these ones, although sometimes I am not a true theorist, but as a phenomenalist here. I can hardly `dream' that {\bf CP} asymmetry in $\tau$ decays could connected with our huge asymmetry in `our' matter vs. anti-matter.

   hep-phhep-ex0 citations
4. 04*

   New constraints for QCD matter from improved Bayesian parameter estimation in heavy-ion collisions at LHC

   J.E. Parkkila · A. Onnerstad · F. Taghavi · C. Mordasini · A. Bilandzic · D.J. Kim

   The transport properties of quark-gluon plasma created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are quantified by an improved global Bayesian analysis using the CERN Large Hadron Collider Pb--Pb data at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=2.76$ and $5.02$TeV. The results show that the uncertainty of the extracted transport coefficients is significantly reduced by including new sophisticated collective flow observables from two collision energies for the first time. This work reveals the stronger temperature dependence of specific shear viscosity, a lower value of specific bulk viscosity, and a higher hadronization switching temperature than in the previous studies. The sensitivity analysis confirms that the precision measurements of higher-order harmonic flow and their correlations are crucial in extracting accurate values of the transport properties.

   hep-phPLB(2022)·91 citations
5. 05*

   Spectral functions of heavy quarkonia in a bulk-viscous quark gluon plasma

   Lata Thakur🇰🇷 · Yuji Hirono🇰🇷

   We study the properties of quarkonia inside a bulk-viscous quark gluon plasma. The non-equilibrium nature of the medium is encoded in the deformed distribution functions of thermal quarks and gluons, with which we compute the dielectric permittivity within the hard thermal loop approximation at one-loop. The modified dielectric permittivity is used to calculate the in-medium heavy quark potential, and using the potential we compute spectral functions, which reflect the physical properties of heavy quarkonia. We discuss how the bulk viscous effect influences quantities such as binding energies and thermal widths. Based on those properties, we discuss the implications of the bulk viscous effect on the physical observables such as ${\psi }^{\prime }$ to $J/\psi$ ratio and the nuclear modification factor, $R_{AA}$. In particular, we argue that the nuclear modification factors of excited and ground states show different sensitivities to the bulk viscous nature of a plasma, which is potentially useful for the critical point search.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thJHEP(2022)·14 citations
6. 06*

   Constructing the covariant three-point vertices systematically

   Seong Youl Choi🇰🇷 · Jae Hoon Jeong🇰🇷

   An algorithm is developed for efficiently constructing the Lorentz covariant effective three-point vertices of the decay of a particle into two daughter particles in which all the masses and spins of the three particles can be arbitrary. The closely-related one-to-one correspondence between the helicity formalism and the covariant formulation is exploited for counting the number of independent terms and identifying the basic covariant three-point vertices. Assembling the basic operators according to the developed algorithm enables us to construct all the covariant three-point vertices systematically.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·4 citations
7. 07*

   Neutrino flavor evolution in dense environments and the r-process

   Maria Cristina Volpe🇫🇷

   In dense environments, standard and non-standard neutrino interactions with the background particles trigger a variety of flavor mechanisms, which can impact r-process nucleosynthetic abundances. Future observations of a(n) (extra)galactic supernova will tell us about properties of neutrinos and of the astrophysical source that produce them. The upcoming measurement of the diffuse supernova neutrino background constitute a unique source of information. We highlight some recent developments.

   hep-phastro-ph.SRnucl-thPoS(2022)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Phenomenology of one zero texture Yukawa matrix in a flavor symmetric scotogenic model

   Lavina Sarma🇮🇳 · Mrinal Kumar Das🇮🇳

   The scotogenic model is well known for accommodating small neutrino mass and dark matter. Here, we have realized the scotogenic model with the help of discrete flavor symmetry $A_4\otimes Z_4$. We have obtained three one zero textures of Yukawa coupling matrices from the model and have studied its impact on neutrino phenomenology and related aspects of cosmology. On the basis of $\mu -\tau$ symmetry, we have further discarded two structures of one zero texture Yukawa coupling matrix. We further analyze if the effective mass of active neutrinos obtained by the virtue of the Yukawa coupling matrix is consistent with the KamLAND-Zen limit for 0$\nu \beta \beta$. Also different lepton flavor violating(LFV) processes such as $l_{\alpha }⟶l_{\beta }\gamma$ and $l_{\alpha }⟶3l_{\beta }$ are implemented and their influence on neutrino phenomenology is studied corresponding to the Yukawa coupling matrix. The entire work is carried out considering the dark matter mass($M_{DM}$) in the region $450-750$ GeV. We have also obtained some significant results for baryon asymmetry of the Universe in agreement with the one zero textures of the coupling matrices. Furthermore, interesting results for relic abundance on the basis of distinct mass splittings between the inert scalars.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2022)·3 citations
9. 09*

   Influence of scattering versus coherent parton branching on the $k_T$ broadening of QCD cascades in a medium

   M. Rohrmoser🇵🇱 · K. Kutak🇵🇱 · W. Płaczek🇵🇱 · E. Blanco🇵🇱 · R. Straka🇵🇱

   We studied the evolution of jets within a medium that contains both, transverse kicks as well as medium induced coherent radiation. In this framework parton branching occurs simultaneously to scatterings within the medium, leading to the interference effects that reproduce the well known BDMPS-Z emission rates and sizeable transverse momentum broadening. We examined the relative importances of transverse momentum broadening from the coherent splittings and different types of in-medium scatterings and found a clear hierarchy of the influences from different scattering effects and deflections during branchings.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Non-standard Neutrino and $Z^{\prime }$ Interactions at the FASER$\nu$ and the LHC

    Kingman Cheung🇹🇼 · C.J. Ouseph🇹🇼 · TseChun Wang🇹🇼

    We study the impact of non-standard neutrino interactions in the context of a new gauge boson $Z^{\prime }$ in neutral-current deep-inelastic scattering performed in ForwArd Search ExpeRiment-$\nu$ (FASER$\nu$) and in monojet production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We simulate the neutral-current deep-inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering $\nu N\to \nu N$ at FASER$\nu$ in the presence of an additional $Z^{\prime }$ boson, and estimate the anticipated sensitivities to the gauge coupling in a wide range of $Z^{\prime }$ mass. At the LHC, we study the effect of $Z^{\prime }$ on monojet production, which can be enhanced in regions with large missing transverse momenta. We then use the recent results from ATLAS with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb${}^{-1}$ to improve the limits on the gauge coupling of $Z^{\prime }$. We interpret such limits on $Z^{\prime }$ gauge couplings as bounds on effective non-standard neutrino interactions. We show that the FASER$\nu$ and the LHC results cover the medium and high energy scales, respectively, and complement one another.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2021)·17 citations
11. 11*

    Effects of transverse momentum broadening of parton cascades from coherent emissions and scatterings in a medium

    E. Blanco🇵🇱 · K. Kutak🇵🇱 · M. Rohrmoser🇵🇱 · W. Płaczek🇵🇱 · R. Straka🇵🇱

    Highly energetic particles in the medium of a quark gluon plasma undergo processes of coherent medium induced radiation and scatterings off medium particles. We solved the evolution equations for particle fragmentation functions that describe in-medium evolution via these two in-medium processes numerically via Monte-Carlo algorithms. We study the in-medium broadening of the distribution over momentum components transverse to the jet-axis for different cases of jet-medium interactions and different values of average transverse momentum transfer.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Vacuum Structure of Alternative Left-Right Model

    Mariana Frank🇨🇦 · Chayan Majumdar🇮🇳 · Poulose Poulose🇮🇳 · Supriya Senapati🇮🇳 · Urjit A. Yajnik🇮🇳

    We investigate an Alternative Left-Right Model (ALRM) with $SU(2{)}_L$ as well as $SU(2{)}_R$ gauge groups, but unlike the traditional left-right symmetric models (LRSM) is not symmetric under the exchange of the fermion content. Interestingly, it can be embedded in $E_6$, while its low energy Higgs structure resembles the LRSM, involving Higgs doublets ${\chi }_{L,R}$ and one Higgs bidoublet $\Phi$. We analyze the scalar potential and the vacuum structure of the theory analytically to ensure the stability of scalar potential via bounded from below (BFB) and copositivity criteria, accompanied by a numerical study. We establish the necessary criteria for electric charge preserving vacua, yielding constraints on various coupling parameters of the theory. Finally we obtain constraints on the parameters of the model from collider data on the masses of the Higgs scalars.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·9 citations
13. 13*

    The new $P_{\mathrm{cs}}(4459)$, $Z_{\mathrm{cs}}(3985)$, $Z_{\mathrm{cs}}(4000)$ and $Z_{\mathrm{cs}}(4220)$ and the possible emergence of flavor pentaquark octets and tetraquark nonets

    J. Ferretti🇫🇮 · E. Santopinto🇮🇹

    Our hadro-charmonium and compact tetraquark model predictions, published before the BESIII and LHCb experimental data for the $Z_{\mathrm{cs}}(3985)$ and $Z_{\mathrm{cs}}(4003)$ tetraquarks were released, match surprisingly well with them. Here, we extend our results for the $P_{\mathrm{cs}}$ states to $\Lambda$ + charmonium configurations and also our hadro-charmonium predictions for $Z_{\mathrm{c}}$ and $X_{\mathrm{c}}$ tetraquarks to charmonium + pion/eta. We use them, in combination with our previous findings, to discuss the possible emergence of SU(3)${}_{\mathrm{f}}$ pentaquark octets and tetraquark nonets in the hidden-charm sector as a tool to discriminate among different theoretical interpretations.

    hep-phSci.Bull.(2022)·26 citations
14. 14*

    Nonunitarity of the lepton mixing matrix at the European Spallation Source

    Sabya Sachi Chatterjee🇬🇧 · O. G. Miranda🇲🇽 · M. Tórtola🇪🇸 · J. W. F. Valle🇪🇸

    If neutrinos get mass through the exchange of lepton mediators, as in seesaw schemes, the neutrino appearance probabilities in oscillation experiments are modified due to effective nonunitarity of the lepton mixing matrix. This also leads to new CP phases and an ambiguity in underpinning the ''conventional'' phase of the three-neutrino paradigm. We study the CP sensitivities of various setups based at the European spallation source neutrino super-beam (ESSnuSB) experiment in the presence of nonunitarity. We also examine its potential in constraining the associated new physics parameters. Moreover, we show how the combination of DUNE and ESSnuSB can help further improve the sensitivities on the nonunitarity parameters.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·14 citations
15. 15*

    Cascade Appearance Signatures of Sterile Neutrinos at 1-100 TeV

    Benjamin R. Smithers🇺🇸 · Benjamin J. P. Jones🇺🇸 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Janet M. Conrad🇺🇸 · Alejandro Diaz🇺🇸

    Neutrino telescopes provide strong sensitivity to sterile neutrino oscillations through matter-enhanced oscillation, occurring in the few TeV energy range for eV${}^2$-scale neutrino mass-squared splittings. Prior searches have focused on ${\nu }_{\mu }$ disappearance, which has a particularly strong sensitivity to the mixing angle ${\theta }_{24}$ via ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_s$ transitions. Nowadays, the ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_e$ and ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$ appearance channels have been considered less promising at neutrino telescopes, due in part to the much smaller target volume for cascades relative to tracks. This work explores the detectability of these signatures at neutrino telescopes given present constraints on sterile neutrino mixing, and as an example, forecasts the sensitivity of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory to the mixing angles ${\theta }_{14}$, ${\theta }_{24}$, and ${\theta }_{34}$ in the 3+1 sterile neutrino model using the cascade channel with ten years of data. We find that ${\nu }_{\tau }$ appearance signatures consistent with the existing IceCube ${\nu }_{\mu }$ disappearance best-fit point are discoverable for values of ${\theta }_{34}$ consistent with world constraints, and that the sterile neutrino parameters favored by the BEST and gallium anomalies are expected to be testable at the 95\% confidence level.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exPRD(2022)·8 citations
16. 16*

    Electromagnetic radiation from axion condensates in a time dependent magnetic field

    Srimoyee Sen · Lars Sivertsen

    Time dependent magnetic fields can be sourced by spinning neutron stars, orbiting binaries and merging neutron stars. We consider electromagnetic radiation from axion condensates in the background of an alternating magnetic field. We find that a resonant peak in radiation can occur when the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is comparable with the axion mass scale. More interestingly, in situations where the frequency of the alternating magnetic field itself changes with time, as can be the case in binary mergers due to steady increase in orbital frequency, the resonant peak in radiation may occur for a range of axion mass scales scanned by the time-varying magnetic field frequency.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJHEP(2022)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Alternatives to $\Lambda$: Torsion, Generalized Couplings, and Scale Invariance

    C. J. A. P. Martins🇵🇹 · C. M. J. Marques🇵🇹 · C. B. D. Fernandes🇵🇹 · J. S. J. S. Oliveira🇵🇹 · D. A. R. Pinheiro🇵🇹 · B. A. R. Rocha🇵🇹

    We present a comparative analysis of current observational constraints on three recently discussed alternative models for explaining the low-redshift acceleration of the universe: the so-called steady-state torsion model, the generalized coupling model, and the scale invariant model by Maeder (an example of a broader class which we also briefly study) These are compared to the traditional parameterization of Chevallier, Polarski and Linder. Each of the candidate models is studied under two different assumptions: as genuine alternatives to $\Lambda$CDM (where a new degree of freedom would be expected to explain the recent acceleration of the universe without any cosmological constant) and as parametric extensions of $\Lambda$CDM (where both a cosmological constant and the new mechanism can coexist, and the relative contributions of both are determined by the data). Our comparative analysis suggests that, from a phenomenological point of view, all such models neatly divide into two classes, with different observational consequences.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph2 citations
18. 18*

    The scalar, vector and tensor form factors for the pion and kaon from lattice QCD

    Constantia Alexandrou🇨🇾 · Simone Bacchio🇨🇾 · Ian Cloet🇺🇸 · Martha Constantinou🇺🇸 · Joseph Delmar🇺🇸 · Kyriakos Hadjiyiannakou🇨🇾 · Giannis Koutsou🇨🇾 · Colin Lauer🇺🇸 · Alejandro Vaquero🇺🇸

    We present a calculation of the scalar, vector, and tensor form factors for the pion and kaon in lattice QCD. We use an ensemble of two degenerate light, a strange and a charm quark ($N_f=2+1+1$) of maximally twisted mass fermions with clover improvement. The corresponding pion and kaon masses are about 265 MeV and 530 MeV, respectively. The calculation is done in both rest and boosted frames obtaining data for four-vector momentum transfer squared up to $-q^2=2.5$ GeV${}^2$ for the pion and 3 GeV${}^2$ for the kaon. The excited-states effects are studied by analyzing six values of the source-sink time separation for the rest frame ($1.12-2.23$ fm) and for four values for the boosted frame ($1.12-1.67$ fm). The lattice data are renormalized non-perturbatively and the results for the scheme- and scale-dependent scalar and tensor form factors are presented in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme at a scale of 2 GeV. We apply different parametrizations to describe $q^2$-dependence of the form factors to extract the scalar, vector, and tensor radii, as well as the tensor anomalous magnetic moment. We compare the pion and kaon form factors to study SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking effects. By combining the data for the vector and tensor form factors we also obtain the lowest moment of the densities of transversely polarized quarks in the impact parameter space. Finally, we give an estimate for the average transverse shift in the $y$ direction for polarized quarks in the $x$ direction.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phPRD(2022)·35 citations
19. 19*

    On the origin and the detection of characteristic axion wiggles in photon spectra

    M. Kachelriess🇳🇴 · J. Tjemsland🇳🇴

    Photons propagating in an external magnetic field may oscillate into axions or axion-like particles (ALPs). Such oscillations will lead to characteristic features in the energy spectrum of high-energy photons from astrophysical sources that can be used to probe the existence of ALPs. In this work, we revisit the signatures of these oscillations and stress the importance of a proper treatment of turbulent magnetic fields. We implement axions into ELMAG, complementing thereby the usual description of photon-axion oscillations with a Monte Carlo treatment of high-energy photon propagation and interactions. We also propose an alternative method of detecting axions through the discrete power spectrum using as observable the energy dependence of wiggles in the photon spectra.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2022)·16 citations
20. 20*

    Lattice results for the longitudinal spin structure and color forces on quarks in a nucleon

    S. Bürger🇩🇪 · T. Wurm🇩🇪 · M. Löffler🇩🇪 · M. Göckeler🇩🇪 · G. Bali🇩🇪 · S. Collins🇩🇪 · A. Schäfer🇩🇪 · A. Sternbeck🇩🇪

    Using lattice QCD, we calculate the twist-2 contribution $a_2$ to the third Mellin moment of the spin structure functions $g_1$ and $g_2$ in the nucleon. In addition we evaluate the twist-3 contribution $d_2$. Our computations make use of $N_f=2+1$ gauge field ensembles generated by the Coordinated Lattice Simulations (CLS) effort. Neglecting quark-line disconnected contributions we obtain as our best estimates $a_2^{(p)}=0.069(17)$, $d_2^{(p)}=0.0105(68)$ and $a_2^{(n)}=0.0068(88)$, $d_2^{(n)}=-0.0009(70)$ for the proton and the neutron, respectively, where we use the normalizations given in Eqs. (58) and (59). While the $a_2$ results have been converted to the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme using three-loop perturbation theory, the numbers for $d_2$ are given in the regularization independent momentum subtraction (RI${}^{\prime }$-MOM) scheme, i.e., the conversion has been performed only in tree-level perturbation theory. The $d_2$ results can be interpreted as corresponding to a transverse color Lorentz force on a quark in a transversely polarized proton of size $F^{(u)}=116(61)$ MeV/fm and $F^{(d)}=-38(66)$ MeV/fm for $u$ and $d$ quarks, respectively. The error estimates quoted include statistical and systematic uncertainties added in quadrature.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2022)·27 citations
21. 21*

    Ultraviolet properties of Lifshitz-type scalar field theories

    Dario Zappala🇮🇹

    We consider Lifshitz-type scalar field theories that exhibit anisotropic scaling laws near the ultraviolet fixed point, with explicit breaking of Lorentz symmetry. It is shown that, when all momentum dependent vertex operators are discarded, actions with anisotropy parameter z=3 in 3+1 dimensions generate Lorentz symmetry violating quantum corrections that are suppressed by inverse powers of the momentum, so that the symmetry is sensibly restored in the infrared region. In the ultraviolet region, the singular behavior of the corrections is strongly smoothened: only logarithmic divergences show up, producing very small changes of the couplings over a range of momentum of many orders of magnitude. In the particular case where all couplings are equal, the theory shows a Liouville-like potential and quantum corrections are exactly summable, giving an asymptotically free theory. However, the observed weakening of the divergences is not sufficient to avoid a residual fine tuning of the mass parameter at a very high energy scale, in order to recover a physically acceptable mass in the infrared region.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phEPJC(2022)·6 citations
22. 22*

    Quantum mechanics of radiofrequency-driven coherent beam oscillations in storage rings

    J. Slim🇩🇪 · N.N. Nikolaev🇷🇺 · F. Rathmann🇩🇪 · A. Wirzba🇩🇪

    Precision searches for the electric dipole moment of protons in storage ring experiments call for beam-position monitoring in the picometer range. We present the relevant fully quantum mechanical derivation of radiofrequency-driven collective oscillations of a beam in a storage ring.

    ↳ physics.acc-phhep-phnucl-exnucl-th+1Phys.Rev.Accel.Beams(2023)·3 citations
23. 23*

    Hydrodynamization times of a holographic fluid far from equilibrium

    Romulo Rougemont🇧🇷 · Willians Barreto🇧🇷 · Jorge Noronha🇺🇸

    We investigate several hydrodynamization times for an ensemble of different far-from-equilibrium solutions of the strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma undergoing Bjorken flow. For the ensemble of initial data analyzed in the present work, we find that, with typical tolerances between $3\%$ to $5\%$, the average hydrodynamization time associated with the late time convergence of the pressure anisotropy to the corresponding Borel resummed hydrodynamic attractor is approximately equal to the average hydrodynamization time associated with the Navier-Stokes result, while both are shorter than the average hydrodynamization time associated with second-order hydrodynamics. On the other hand, we find that the entropy density of the different solutions coalesces to second-order hydrodynamics long before entering in the Navier-Stokes regime. A clear hierarchy between the different average hydrodynamization times of the Bjorken expanding fluid is established for the set of analyzed initial data, comprising also some solutions which, whilst satisfying the dominant and the weak energy conditions at the initial time, evolve such as to transiently violate one or both conditions when the fluid is still far from equilibrium. In particular, solutions violating the weak energy condition are generally found to take a longer time to enter in the hydrodynamic regime than the other solutions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·12 citations
24. 24*

    Impacts of Jets and Winds From Primordial Black Holes

    Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵 · Philip Lu🇺🇸 · Kohta Murase🇺🇸 · Yoshiyuki Inoue🇯🇵 · Graciela B. Gelmini🇺🇸

    Primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the early Universe constitute an attractive candidate for dark matter. Within the gaseous environment of the interstellar medium, PBHs with accretion disks naturally launch outflows such as winds and jets. PBHs with significant spin can sustain powerful relativistic jets and generate associated cocoons. Jets and winds can efficiently deposit their kinetic energies and heat the surrounding gas through shocks. Focusing on the Leo T dwarf galaxy, we demonstrate that these considerations can provide novel tests of PBHs over a significant $\sim 10^{-2}{M}_{\odot }-10^6{M}_{\odot }$ mass range, including the parameter space associated with gravitational wave observations by the LIGO and VIRGO Collaborations. Observing the morphology of emission could allow to distinguish between jet and wind contributions, and hence indirectly detect spinning PBHs.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COhep-phMNRAS(2022)·23 citations
25. 25*

    On the Casimir effect from the zero-point energy: A tangential force and its properties

    Zhentao Zhang🇨🇳

    We investigate the Casimir effect in the systems that consist of parallel but misaligned finite-size plates from the point of view of zero-point energy. We elaborate the zero-point energies of the radiation field in the perfect conductor systems would generate a tangential Casimir force, and explore the properties and consequences of this tangential force in various conductor systems. Thereafter, we generalize our discussion to dielectrics. After calculating the total zero-point energies of the surface modes in the multilayered systems, we show that the tangential force also exists in dielectrics. We obtain the finite-conductivity corrections to the tangential force for imperfectly conducting plates, and calculate the finite-temperature corrections to the force. The typical strength of the tangential force suggests it might be observable.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phNew J.Phys.(2022)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.