Tue·Nov 16, 2021Tuesday·November 16, 2021

1. 01*

   Near Threshold Heavy Quarkonium Photoproduction at Large Momentum Transfer

   Peng Sun🇨🇳 · Xuan-Bo Tong🇨🇳 · Feng Yuan🇺🇸

   Perturbative QCD is applied to investigate the near threshold heavy quarkonium photoproduction at large momentum transfer. We take into account the contributions from the leading three-quark Fock states of the nucleon. The dominant contribution comes from the three-quark Fock state with one unit quark orbital angular momentum (OAM) whereas that from zero quark OAM is suppressed at the threshold. From our analysis, we also show that there is no direct connection between the near threshold heavy quarkonium photoproduction and the gluonic gravitational form factors of the nucleon. Based on the comparison between our result and recent GlueX data of $J/\psi$ photoproduction, we make predictions for ${\psi }^{\prime }$ and ${\rm Y}$ (1S,2S) states which can be tested in future experiments.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·44 citations
2. 02*

   The $B_c$ lifetime in the Standard Model

   Jason Aebischer🇨🇭 · Benjamín Grinstein🇺🇸

   Using an operator product expansion (OPE) approach an updated Standard Model prediction of the $B_c$ lifetime is presented. The computation in three different mass schemes for the heavy quarks leads to three different values consistent with each other and with experiment. Furthermore a novel way to compute the $B_c$ lifetime is presented, taking differences of $B,D$ and $B_c$ meson decay rates. In this approach the leading contributions from free-quark decays cancel out, leading to a reduction of scale and scheme dependence.

   hep-phPoS(2022)·1 citation
3. 03*

   Light-front wavefunctions of mesons by design

   Meijian Li🇫🇮 · Yang Li🇨🇳 · Guangyao Chen · Tuomas Lappi🇫🇮 · James P. Vary🇺🇸

   We develop a mechanism to build the light-front wavefunctions (LFWFs) of meson bound states on a small-sized basis function representation. Unlike in a standard Hamiltonian formalism, the Hamiltonian in this method is implicit, and the information of the system is carried directly by the functional form and adjustable parameters of the LFWFs. In this work, we model the LFWFs for four charmonium states, ${\eta }_c$, $J/\psi$, ${\psi }^{\prime }$, and $\psi (3770)$ as superpositions of orthonormal basis functions. We choose the basis functions as eigenfunctions of an effective Hamiltonian, which has a longitudinal confining potential in addition to the transverse confining potential from light-front holographic QCD. We determine the basis function parameters and superposition coefficients by employing both guidance from the nonrelativistic description of the meson states and the experimental measurements of the meson decay widths. With the obtained wavefunctions, we study the features of those meson states, including charge radii and parton distribution functions. We use the $J/\psi$ LFWF to calculate the meson production in diffractive deep inelastic scattering and ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions, and the ${\eta }_c$ LFWF to calculate its diphoton transition form factor. Both results show good agreement with experiments. The obtained LFWFs have simple-functional forms and can be readily used to predict additional experimental observables.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJC(2022)·25 citations
4. 04*

   WIMP Dark Matter in the U$\mu \nu$SSM

   J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra🇪🇸 · D. E. López-Fogliani🇦🇷 · C. Muñoz🇪🇸 · M. Pierre🇩🇪

   The U$\mu \nu$SSM is a $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ extension of the $\mu \nu$SSM supersymmetric model, where baryon-number-violating operators as well as explicit mass terms are forbidden, and the potential domain wall problem is avoided. The gauge anomaly-cancellation conditions impose the presence of exotic quark superfields in the spectrum of U$\mu \nu$SSM models, and allow the presence of several singlet superfields under the standard model gauge group, in addition to the right-handed neutrino superfields. The gauge structure implies an additional discrete $Z_2$ symmetry in the superpotential, ensuring the stability of a singlet which behaves as WIMP dark matter without invoking $R$-parity. We analyze this novel possibility in detail, using the fermionic component of the singlet as the dark matter candidate. In particular, we compute its amount of relic density via $Z^{\prime }$, Higgs-right sneutrino and dark matter mediated annihilations, and its potential signals in dark matter direct detection experiments. The constraints on the parameter space due to $Z^{\prime }$ direct searches at the LHC are imposed in the analysis, as well as those from the hadronization inside the detector of the exotic quarks. Large regions of the parameter space turn out to be in the reach of the upcoming Darwin experiment.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJCAP(2022)·3 citations
5. 05*

   Neutrino collective effects and sterile neutrino production in the early universe

   R. F. Sawyer🇺🇸

   Neutrino-neutrino interactions, as mediated by standard model Z exchange, can drastically enhance the Dodelson-Widrow mechanism for the production of sterile neutrinos in the region of temperature $5-15$MeV. For a sterile mass in the KeV region with the usual type of active-sterile neutrino coupling, the production can be copious enough to provide ample dark matter, even when the active-sterile coupling is small enough to avoid the bounds set by laboratory results.

   hep-phastro-ph.CO1 citation
6. 06*

   Mass Predictions of Vector ($1^{--}$) Double-gluon Heavy Quarkonium Hybrids from QCD Sum Rules

   Chun-Meng Tang🇨🇳 · Yi-Cheng Zhao🇨🇳 · Liang Tang

   In this work, we study the $1^{--}$ double-gluon charmonium ($\bar{c}ggc$) and bottomonium ($\bar{b}ggb$) hybrids in terms of QCD sum rules. We find that the mass of $\bar{c}ggc$ hybrid lies in $M_{H_c}$ = $5.33\sim 5.90$ GeV, while in the bottom sector the mass of $\bar{b}ggb$ hybrid may be situated in $M_{H_b}=11.20\sim 11.68$ GeV. The contributions up to dimension eight at leading order of ${\alpha }_s$ (LO) in the operator product expansion are taken into account in the calculation. The double-gluon charmonium hybrid meson predicted in this work can decay into a pair of charmed mesons or a pair of charmed mesons together with a light meson. Especially, we propose to search for $\bar{c}ggc$ hybrid with $I^G(J^{PC})=0^{-}(1^{--})$ in their decay channels $D\bar{D}/D^{\ast }\bar{D}/D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ with P wave and $D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\pi /D^{\ast }{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\eta /D\bar{D}\rho /D\bar{D}\omega$ with S wave, which may be accessible in Belle II, PANDA, Super-B, GlueX, and LHCb experiments.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·28 citations
7. 07*

   Beyond SMEFT with $b\to c{\tau }^{-}\bar{\nu }$

   C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · Serge Hamoudou🇨🇦 · Jacky Kumar🇩🇪 · David London🇨🇦

   Electroweak interactions assign a central role to the gauge group $SU(2{)}_L\times U(1{)}_Y$, which is either realized linearly (SMEFT) or nonlinearly (e.g., HEFT) in the effective theory obtained when new physics above the electroweak scale is integrated out. Although the discovery of the Higgs boson has made SMEFT the default assumption, nonlinear realization remains possible. The two can be distinguished through their predictions for the size of certain low-energy dimension-6 four-fermion operators: for these, HEFT predicts $O(1)$ couplings, while in SMEFT they are suppressed by a factor $v^2/{\Lambda }_{\mathrm{NP}}^2$, where $v$ is the Higgs vev. One such operator, $O_V^{LR}\equiv (\bar{\tau }{\gamma }^{\mu }{P}_L\nu )(\bar{c}{\gamma }_{\mu }{P}_{R}b)$, contributes to $b\to c{\tau }^{-}\bar{\nu }$. We show that present constraints permit its non-SMEFT coefficient to have a HEFTy size. We also note that the angular distribution in $\bar{B}\to D^{\ast }(\to D{\pi }^{\prime }){\tau }^{-}(\to {\pi }^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }){\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ contains enough information to extract the coefficients of all new-physics operators. Future measurements of this angular distribution can therefore tell us if non-SMEFT new physics is really necessary.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·15 citations
8. 08*

   Finite volume effects in the McLerran-Venugopalan initial condition for the JIMWLK equation

   Piotr Korcyl🇵🇱

   We revisit the numerical construction of the initial condition for the dipole amplitude from the McLerran-Venugopalan model in the context of the JIMWLK evolution equation. We observe large finite volume effects induced by the Poisson equation formulated on a torus. We show that the situation can be partially cured by introducing an infrared regularization. We propose a procedure that has negligible finite volume corrections. The control of the finite volume and finite lattice spacings effects is crucial when considering the numerical solutions of the JIMWLK evolution equation with the collinear improvement.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·1 citation
9. 09*

   ILM gluons in perturbative QCD

   M. Musakhanov🇺🇿 · N. Rakhimov🇺🇿

   In this paper we extend our previous work on gluon propagator in the Instanton Liquid Model (ILM) of the QCD vacuum. This objects presents a lot of interest for studies of the heavy quarkonium $Q\bar{Q}$ observables in the framework of potential Nonrelativistic QCD (pNRQCD). Our goal is to evaluate the gluon polarization operator in ILM, and understand if it gets contributions from infrared (IR) renormalons. We perform a systematic analyis, taking into account both perturbative and nonperturbative effects, and making a double series expansion in terms of the strong coupling ${\alpha }_s(\rho )\sim 0.5$ (the scale is given by average instanton size $\rho \approx 1/3$ fm) and the instanton gas packing fraction $\lambda ={\rho }^4/R^4\sim 0.01$ ($R\approx 1$ fm is average inter-instanton distance). We demonstrate that there are no IR renormalon related to ILM gluon propagator, since instantons generate a ILM gluon dynamical mass.

   hep-ph1 citation
10. 10*

    Observation of different scenarios in different temperatures in small and large collision systems

    Muhammad Waqas🇨🇳 · Lu-Meng Liu🇨🇳 · Guang-Xiong Peng🇨🇳 · Muhammad Ajaz🇵🇰

    We used the modified Hagedron function and analyzed the experimental data measured by the BRAHMS, STAR, PHENIX and ALICE Collaborations in Copper-Copper, Gold-Gold, deuteron-Gold, Lead-Lead, proton-Lead and proton-proton collisions, and extracted the related parameters (kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow velocity, kinetic freeze-out volume, mean transverse momentum and initial temperature) from the transverse momentum spectra of the particles (non-strange and strange particles). We observed that all the above parameters decrease from central to peripheral collisions, except transverse flow velocity which remains unchanged from central to peripheral collisions. The kinetic freeze-out temperature depends on the cross-section interaction of the particle such that larger cross-section of the particle corresponds to smaller T0, and reveals the two kinetic freeze-out scenario, while the initial temperature depends on the mass of the particle and it increase with the particle mass. The transverse flow velocity and mean transverse momentum depends on the mass of the particle and the former decrease while the later increase with the particle mass. In addition, the kinetic kinetic freeze-out volume also decrease with particle mass which reveals the volume differential freeze-out scenario and indicates different freeze-out surfaces for different particles. We also extracted the entropy index-parameter n and the parameter N0, and the former remains almost unchanged while the later decrease from central to peripheral collisions. Furthermore, the kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow velocity, kinetic freeze-out volume, initial temperature, mean transverse momentum and the parameter N0 at LHC are larger than that of RHIC, and they show their dependence on the collision cross-section as well as on collision energy at RHIC and LHC.

    hep-ph1 citation
11. 11*

    Hadronic contribution to the running QED coupling at the Z-boson mass scale

    Cesareo A. Dominguez🇿🇦 · Luis A. Hernández

    An update is described of a model independent method to determine the hadronic contribution to the QED running coupling at the Z-boson mass scale, $\Delta {\alpha }_{\text{HAD}}(M_Z^2)$. The major source of uncertainty is from the contribution of the light quark vector current correlator at zero momentum. This uncertainty is substantially reduced using recently improved lattice QCD results for this correlator. The result is $\Delta {\alpha }_{\text{HAD}}(M_Z^2)=274.13(0.73)\times 10^{-4}$.

    hep-phRev.Mex.Fis.(2023)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Dragging heavy quark in an anisotropic QCD medium beyond the static limit

    Avdhesh Kumar🇮🇳 · Manu Kurian🇮🇳 · Santosh K. Das🇮🇳 · Vinod Chandra🇮🇳

    Heavy quark dynamics in an anisotropic QCD medium have been analyzed within the Fokker-Planck approach. Heavy quark drag force and momentum diffusion tensor have been decomposed by employing a general tensor basis for an anisotropic medium. Depending upon the relative orientation of the direction of the momentum anisotropy of the medium and heavy quark motion, two drag and four diffusion coefficients have been estimated in the anisotropic QCD medium. The relative significance of different components of drag and momentum diffusion coefficients has been explored. The dependence of the angle between the anisotropic vector and heavy quark motion to the drag and diffusion coefficients has also been studied. Further, the energy loss of heavy quarks due to the elastic collisional process in an anisotropic medium has been studied. It is seen that the anisotropic contributions to heavy quark transport coefficients and its collisional energy loss have a strong dependence on the direction and strength of momentum anisotropy in the QCD medium.

    hep-phnucl-thPRC(2022)·17 citations
13. 13*

    Status and Perspectives of Neutrino Physics

    M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · Steven W. Barwick🇺🇸 · Thomas Brunner🇨🇦 · Jun Cao🇨🇳 · Mikhail Danilov🇷🇺 · Kunio Inoue🇯🇵 · Takaaki Kajita🇯🇵 · Marek Kowalski🇩🇪 · Manfred Lindner🇩🇪 · Kenneth R. Long🇬🇧 · Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille🇫🇷 · Werner Rodejohann🇩🇪 and 7 other authors

    This review demonstrates the unique role of the neutrino by discussing in detail the physics of and with neutrinos. We deal with neutrino sources, neutrino oscillations, absolute masses, interactions, the possible existence of sterile neutrinos, and theoretical implications. In addition, synergies of neutrino physics with other research fields are found, and requirements to continue successful neutrino physics in the future, in terms of technological developments and adequate infrastructures, are stressed.

    hep-phastro-ph.IMhep-exnucl-exPPNP(2022)·136 citations
14. 14*

    Is ${\chi }_{c1}(3872)$ generated from string breaking?

    R. Bruschini🇪🇸 · P. González🇪🇸

    We show, from a diabatic analysis of Lattice results for string breaking, that mixing of $Q\bar{Q}$ with open-flavor meson-meson configurations may be expressed through a mixing potential which is order $1/m_Q$. A relation between the minimum string breaking energy gap and the string tension comes out naturally. Using this relation, and matching the energy gap for $b\bar{b}$ with Lattice QCD data, we study the mixing in the $c\bar{c}$ case without any additional parameter. A $1^{++}$ bound state very close below the $D^0{\bar{D}}^{\ast 0}$ threshold, in perfect correspondence with ${\chi }_{c1}(3872)$, is predicted.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·7 citations
15. 15*

    Geometrical scaling for light flavor hadrons

    A.Lindner🇷🇴 · M.Petrovici🇷🇴 · A.Pop🇷🇴

    As it is well known by now, the pre-partonic phase in hadron collisions is successfully described by the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) approach. Previous studies, based on experimental data obtained on a wide range of energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for ${\pi }^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and $p$, evidenced that observables related to the dynamics of the collision, i.e. the mean transverse momentum ($⟨p_T⟩$), the slope of the $⟨p_T⟩$ dependence on the mass of the hadrons and the average transverse flow velocity obtained from the simultaneous fits of the $p_T$ spectra of the particles with the Boltzmann-Gibbs Blast Wave (BGBW) expression, scale rather well as a function of the square root of the ratio of the particle density over unit of rapidity to the overlapping area of the colliding nuclei ($\sqrt{(dN/dy)/S_{\perp }}$), the relevant scale in the gluon saturation picture. Results of a similar study extended to strange and multi-strange hadrons, for both proton-proton (\textit{pp}) and heavy-ion (\textit{A-A}) collision systems are presented in the present paper. The similarities and differences in the behaviour of strange hadrons relative to non-strange hadrons are discussed.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·0 citations
16. 16*

    One-loop contributions to the decay $H\to {\nu }_l{\bar{\nu }}_l\gamma$ in standard model revisited

    Dzung Tri Tran🇻🇳 · Khiem Hong Phan (Duy Tan Univ.)🇻🇳

    One-loop contributions to the decay $H\to {\nu }_l{\bar{\nu }}_l\gamma$ with $l=e,\mu ,\tau$ within standard model framework are revisited in this paper. We derive two representations for the form factors in this calculation. As a result, the computations are not only checked numerically by verifying the ultraviolet finiteness of the results but also confirming the ward identity of the amplitude. We find that the results are good stability with varying ultraviolet cutoff parameters as well as satisfy the ward identity. In phenomenological results, all the physical results are examined with the present input parameters. Especially, we study the partial decay widths for the decay channels in both cases of the detected photon and invisible photon. Differential decay widths are also generated as a function of energy of final photon.

    hep-phPTEP(2022)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Triply heavy baryon spectroscopy in the relativistic quark model

    R. N. Faustov🇷🇺 · V. O. Galkin🇷🇺

    Triply heavy baryons are investigated in the framework of the relativistic quark model based on the quark-diquark picture in the quasipotential approach in QCD. Masses of the ground and excited states of the ${\Omega }_{ccc}$, ${\Omega }_{bbb}$, ${\Omega }_{ccb}$ and ${\Omega }_{cbb}$ baryons are calculated. Orbital and radial excitations between the diquark and quark as well as between quarks inside the diquark are considered. The diquark internal structure is consistently taken into account by the form factor of the diquark-gluon interaction expressed through the overlap integral of the diquark wave functions. The detailed comparison with previous calculations is given.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·40 citations
18. 18*

    General one-loop formulas for $H\to f\bar{f}\gamma$ and its applications

    Vo Van On (TDMU)🇻🇳 · Dzung Tri Tran🇻🇳 · Chi Linh Nguyen🇻🇳 · Khiem Hong Phan (Duy Tan Univ.)🇻🇳

    We present general one-loop contributions to the decay processes $H\to f\bar{f}\gamma$ including all possible the exchange of the additional heavy vector gauge bosons, heavy fermions, and charged (also neutral) scalar particles in the loop diagrams. As a result, the analytic results are valid in a wide class of beyond the standard models. Analytic formulas for the form factors are expressed in terms of Passarino-Veltman functions in the standard notations of {\tt LoopTools}. Hence, the decay rates can be computed numerically by using this package. The computations are then applied to the cases of the standard model, $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ extension of the standard model as well as two Higgs doublet model. Phenomenological results of the decay processes for all the above models are studied. We observe that the effects of new physics are sizable contributions and these can be probed at future colliders.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·13 citations
19. 19*

    Revisiting semileptonic $B^{-}\to p\bar{p}{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ decays

    C.Q. Geng🇨🇳 · Chia-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Tien-Hsueh Tsai🇹🇼

    We systematically revisit the baryonic four-body semileptonic decays of $B^{-}\to \mathbf{B}{\bar{\mathbf{B}}}^{\prime }{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ by the perturbative QCD counting rules with $\mathbf{B}$ representing octet baryons and $\ell =e,\mu$. We study the transition form factors of $B^{-}\to \mathbf{B}{\bar{\mathbf{B}}}^{\prime }$ in the limit of $(p_{\mathbf{B}}+p_{{\bar{\mathbf{B}}}^{\prime }}{)}^2\to \infty$ with the three-body $\bar{B}\to \mathbf{B}{\bar{\mathbf{B}}}^{\prime }M$ and $B^{-}\to p\bar{p}{\mu }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }$ data along with $SU(3{)}_f$ flavor symmetry. We calculate the decay branching ratios and angular asymmetries as well as the differential decay branching fractions of $B^{-}\to p\bar{p}{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$. In particular, we find that our new result of $\mathcal{B}(B^{-}\to p\bar{p}{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell })=(5.21\pm 0.34)\times 10^{-6}$, which is about one order of magnitude lower than the previous theoretical prediction of $(10.4\pm 2.9)\times 10^{-5}$, agrees well with both experimental measurements of $(5.8_{-2.3}^{+2.6})\times 10^{-6}$ and $(5.3\pm 0.4)\times 10^{-6}$ by the Belle and LHCb Collaborations, respectively. We also evaluate the branching ratios and angular asymmetries in other channels of $B^{-}\to \mathbf{B}\bar{\mathbf{B}}{\ell }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$, which can be tested by the ongoing experiments at LHCb and BelleII.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2021)·1 citation
20. 20*

    Multi-Scalar Production At Large Center-Of-Mass Energy

    Ali Shayegan Shirazi🇮🇷

    In quantum field theory, the probability of producing scalar particles grows factorially as a function of the number of the particles produced. This poses a problem theoretically, in maintaining unitarity, and is counter-intuitive phenomenologically. The factorial growth is a byproduct of the perturbation theory, but has been found in some of the semi-classical and non-perturbative calculations as well. Recently, it has been proposed that the factorial growth might be observable in the future 100 TeV hadron collider. After reviewing some of the past calculations, we analyze the cancelation of IR divergences to find Altarelli-Parisi function and the Sudakov form factor. We then use these to write an equation for the generating function of scalar jet rates. We further argue that we can turn the jet rates into particle cross section by swapping the opening angle with particle mass. We will present our results for ${\varphi }^3$ theory in four and six spacetime dimensions, and ${\varphi }^4$ in four spacetime dimensions. We find that, while the final particles are relativistic, the cross sections do not grow factorially.

    hep-phhep-th0 citations
21. 21*

    Super-weakly coupled U(1)${}_z$ and GeV neutrinos

    Timo J. Kärkkäinen🇭🇺 · Zoltán Trócsányi🇭🇺

    The $super$-$weak$ force combines three simple extensions of the Standard Model, one in gauge sector, one in fermion sector and one in scalar sector. Each of these extensions are well motivated by their rich phenomenology. Combined to a single framework, they can explain several open questions in particle physics and cosmology: the origin of dark matter, cosmic inflation, matter-antimatter asymmetry, neutrino masses and vacuum stability. We discuss the effects of the model on neutrino masses and phenomenology in the case where the heaviest sterile neutrinos have a GeV scale mass.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2022)·4 citations
22. 22*

    Leveraging Quantum Annealer to identify an Event-topology at High Energy Colliders

    Minho Kim🇰🇷 · Pyungwon Ko🇰🇷 · Jae-hyeon Park🇰🇷 · Myeonghun Park🇰🇷

    With increasing energy and luminosity available at the Large Hadron collider (LHC), we get a chance to take a pure bottom-up approach solely based on data. This will extend the scope of our understanding about Nature without relying on theoretical prejudices. The required computing resource, however, will increase exponentially with data size and complexities of events if one uses algorithms based on a classical computer. In this letter we propose a simple and well motivated method with a quantum annealer to identify an event-topology, a diagram to describe the history of particles produced at the LHC. We show that a computing complexity can be reduced significantly to the order of polynomials which enables us to decode the "Big" data in a very clear and efficient way. Our method achieves significant improvements in finding a true event-topology, more than by a factor of two compared to a conventional method.

    hep-phhep-exquant-ph12 citations
23. 23*

    QCD Static Force in Gradient Flow

    Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Hee Sok Chung🇩🇪 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Xiang-Peng Wang🇩🇪

    We compute the QCD static force and potential using gradient flow at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. The static force is the spatial derivative of the static potential: it encodes the QCD interaction at both short and long distances. While on the one side the static force has the advantage of being free of the $O({\Lambda }_{\mathrm{QCD}})$ renormalon affecting the static potential when computed in perturbation theory, on the other side its direct lattice QCD computation suffers from poor convergence. The convergence can be improved by using gradient flow, where the gauge fields in the operator definition of a given quantity are replaced by flowed fields at flow time $t$, which effectively smear the gauge fields over a distance of order $\sqrt{t}$, while they reduce to the QCD fields in the limit $t\to 0$. Based on our next-to-leading order calculation, we explore the properties of the static force for arbitrary values of $t$, as well as in the $t\to 0$ limit, which may be useful for lattice QCD studies.

    hep-phhep-lathep-thnucl-thJHEP(2022)·10 citations
24. 24*

    Stable cosmic vortons in bosonic field theory

    R. A. Battye🇬🇧 · S. J. Cotterill🇬🇧

    Stable ring solutions supported by the angular momentum caused by superconducting charge and current have been suggested to exist in the gauged $U(1)\times U(1)$ field theory. We construct potentially cosmologically relevant solutions using gradient flow for the first time and present the strongest evidence to date that they are stable to axial and, more importantly, non-axial perturbations. More importantly, we illustrate quantitative agreement with semi-analytic predictions based on the thin string approximation which validates worldsheet action approaches to their formation and evolution.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRL(2021)·15 citations
25. 25*

    Sub-Poissonian multiplicity distributions in jets produced in hadron collisions

    Han Wei Ang🇸🇬 · Maciej Rybczynski🇵🇱 · Grzegorz Wilk🇵🇱 · Zbigniew Wlodarczyk🇵🇱

    In this work we show that the proper analysis and interpretation of the experimental data on the multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced in jets measured in the ATLAS experiment at the LHC indicates their sub-Poissonian nature. We also show how, by using the recurrent relations and combinants of these distributions, one can obtain new information contained in them and otherwise unavailable, which may broaden our knowledge of the particle production mechanism.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·5 citations
26. 26*

    New constraints on flavour violating supersymmetry

    M.A. Boussejra🇫🇷 · F. Mahmoudi🇫🇷

    We present a first update on the constraints on general MSSM scenarios with non-minimal sources of flavour violation (NMFV). Using the public code SuperIso, we present an up-to-date computation of the relevant Wilson coefficients related to $b\to sll$ transitions which manifest tensions with the SM predictions. We present benchmark scenarios compatible with the most recent fits to the Wilson coefficients. We finally discuss the possibility for such scenarios to completely explain the recent flavour anomalies.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·3 citations
27. 27*

    NICER view on holographic QCD

    Niko Jokela🇫🇮

    The holographic models for dense QCD matter work surprisingly well. A general implication seems that the deconfinement phase transition dictates the maximum mass of neutron stars. The nuclear matter phase turns out to be rather stiff which, if continuously merged with nuclear matter models based on effective field theories, leads to the conclusion that neutron stars do not have quark matter cores in the light of all current astrophysical data. We comment that as the perturbative QCD results are in stark contrast with strong coupling results, any future simulations of neutron star mergers incorporating corrections beyond ideal fluid should proceed cautiously. For this purpose, we provide a model which treats nuclear and quark matter phases in a unified framework at strong coupling.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-thnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·2 citations
28. 28*

    Type-III see-saw: Search for triplet fermions in final states with multiple leptons and fat-jets at 13 TeV LHC

    Saiyad Ashanujjaman🇮🇳 · Kirtiman Ghosh🇮🇳

    The type-III see-saw model holding out a riveting rationale for the minuscule neutrino masses caters for a well-to-do phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Several searches targetting the triplet fermions have been performed at the LHC. Not only are the signals for the leptonic final states considered in these searches suppressed by the branching fractions of the Standard Model (SM) bosons, but they are also beset with considerably large SM backgrounds. Thus, these searches are deemed not to be sensitive enough in probing the triplet fermions much heavier than 1 TeV. To this end, we perform a search for the triplet fermions in final states with multiple leptons and fat-jets that are cleaner than the usual LHC searches and allow kinematic reconstruction of the triplets. After performing a systematic and comprehensive analysis with seven distinct final states, we project the required luminosities for both $3\sigma$ and $5\sigma$ discoveries of the triplet fermions as a function of their mass. The triplet fermions with mass as large as 1265 (1380) and 1480 (1600) GeV could be discovered with $5\sigma$ ($3\sigma$) significance at 500 and 3000 fb${}^{-1}$ luminosities, respectively.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2022)·19 citations
29. 29*

    Efficient Representation for Simulating U(1) Gauge Theories on Digital Quantum Computers at All Values of the Coupling

    Christian W. Bauer🇺🇸 · Dorota M. Grabowska🇨🇭

    We derive a representation for a lattice U(1) gauge theory with exponential convergence in the number of states used to represent each lattice site that is applicable at all values of the coupling. At large coupling, this representation is equivalent to the Kogut-Susskind electric representation, which is known to provide a good description in this region. At small coupling, our approach adjusts the maximum magnetic field that is represented in the digitization as in this regime the low-lying eigenstates become strongly peaked around zero magnetic field. Additionally, we choose a representation of the electric component of the Hamiltonian that gives minimal violation of the canonical commutation relation when acting upon low-lying eigenstates, motivated by the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem. For (2+1) dimensions with 4 lattice sites the expectation value of the plaquette operator can be calculated with only 7 states per lattice site with per-mille level accuracy for all values of the coupling constant.

    hep-phhep-latquant-phPRD(2023)·105 citations
30. 30*

    Exploring Strange Origin of Dirac Neutrino Masses at Hadron Colliders

    Hooman Davoudiasl🇺🇸 · Ian M. Lewis🇺🇸 · Matthew Sullivan🇺🇸

    We consider the possibility that Dirac neutrino masses may be a manifestation of chiral symmetry breaking via non-perturbative QCD dynamics. The key role played by light quarks in this mechanism can naturally lead to signals that are accessible to hadron colliders. Bounds from charged meson decays imply a dominant effect from the strange quark condensate. We propose a model for Dirac neutrino mass generation with an extra Higgs doublet at the TeV scale and significant coupling to strange quarks and leptons. Current data on $D-\bar{D}$ mixing constrain the allowed parameter space of the model, and a 100 TeV $pp$ collider would either discover or largely exclude it. A distinct feature of this scenario is that measurements of the of charged Higgs leptonic branching ratios can distinguish between "normal" and "inverted" neutrino mass hierarchies, complementing future determinations at neutrino oscillation experiments.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·5 citations
31. 31*

    Strong constraints on decay and annihilation of dark matter from heating of gas-rich dwarf galaxies

    Digvijay Wadekar🇺🇸 · Zihui Wang🇺🇸

    Gas-rich dwarf galaxies located outside the virial radius of their host are relatively pristine systems and have ultra-low gas cooling rates. This makes them very sensitive to heat injection by annihilation or decay of dark matter (DM). Such dwarfs are particularly sensitive to DM producing e${}^{\pm }$ with energies 1$-$100 MeV or photons with energies 13.6 eV$-1$ keV, because these products can be efficiently thermalized in the neutral hydrogen gas of the dwarfs. Following the methodology of Wadekar and Farrar (2021), we require the rate of heat injection by DM to not exceed the ultra-low radiative cooling rate of gas in the Leo T dwarf galaxy. This gives model-independent bounds on $(i)$ the decay lifetime of DM to $e^{\pm }$ (photons) which are stronger than all the previous literature for $m_{\mathrm{DM}}\sim$ 1$-$10 MeV ($m_{\mathrm{DM}}\sim 0.02-1$ keV), $(ii)$ annihilation of DM to $e^{\pm }$ comparable to constraints from CMB and X/$\gamma$-ray surveys. We also translate our bounds for the case of the following DM models: axion-like particles (ALPs), sterile neutrinos, excited DM states, higgs portal scalars and dark baryons. Observations of gas-rich low-mass dwarfs from upcoming 21cm and optical surveys can therefore be powerful probes of a multitude of models of DM.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAPRD(2022)·107 citations
32. 32*

    Leptoquark manoeuvres in the dark: a simultaneous solution of the dark matter problem and the $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ anomalies

    Geneviève Belanger🇫🇷 · Aoife Bharucha🇫🇷 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Andreas Goudelis🇫🇷 · Jan Heisig🇧🇪 · Adil Jueid🇰🇷 · Andre Lessa🇧🇷 · Kirtimaan A. Mohan🇺🇸 · Giacomo Polesello🇮🇹 · Priscilla Pani🇩🇪 · Alexander Pukhov🇷🇺 · Dipan Sengupta🇺🇸 · José Zurita🇪🇸

    The measured branching fractions of $B$-mesons into leptonic final states derived by the LHCb collaboration hint towards the breakdown of lepton flavour universality. In this work we take at face value the so-called $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$ observables that are defined as the ratios of neutral $B$-meson charged-current decays into a charged $D$-meson, a charged lepton and a neutrino final state in the tau and muon channels. A well-studied and simple solution to this charged current anomaly is to introduce a scalar leptoquark $S_1$ that couples to the second and third generation of fermions. We investigate how $S_1$ can also serve as a mediator between the Standard Model and a dark sector. We study this scenario in detail and estimate the constraints arising from collider searches for leptoquarks, collider searches for missing energy signals, direct detection experiments and the dark matter relic abundance. We stress that the production of a pair of leptoquarks that decays into different final states (i.e. the commonly called "mixed" channels) provides critical information for identifying the underlying dynamics, and we exemplify this by studying the $t\tau b\nu$ and the resonant $S_1$ plus missing energy channels. We find that direct detection data provides non-negligible constraints on the leptoquark coupling to the dark sector, which in turn affects the relic abundance. We also show that the correct relic abundance can not only arise via standard freeze-out, but also through conversion-driven freeze-out. We illustrate the rich phenomenology of the model with a few selected benchmark points, providing a broad stroke of the interesting connection between lepton flavour violation and dark matter.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·44 citations
33. 33*

    Non-thermal Origin of Asymmetric Dark Matter from Inflaton and Primordial Black Holes

    Basabendu Barman🇨🇴 · Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Suruj Jyoti Das🇮🇳 · Rishav Roshan🇮🇳

    We study the possibility of cogenesis of baryon and dark matter (DM) from the out-of-equilibrium CP violating decay of right handed neutrino (RHN) that are dominantly of non-thermal origin. While the RHN and its heavier partners can take part in light neutrino mass generation via Type-I seesaw mechanism, the decay of RHN into dark and visible sectors can create respective asymmetries simultaneously. The non-thermal sources of RHN considered are {\bf (a)} on-shell decay of inflaton, and {\bf (b)} evaporation of ultralight primordial black holes (PBH). After setting up the complete set of Boltzmann equations in both these scenarios, we constrain the resulting parameter space of the particle physics setup, along with inflaton and PBH sectors from the requirement of generating correct (asymmetric) DM abundance and baryon asymmetry, while being in agreement with other relevant cosmological bounds. Scenario {\bf (a)} links the common origin of DM and baryon asymmetry to post-inflationary reheating via RHNs produced in inflaton decay, whereas in scenario {\bf (b)} we find enhancement of baryon and DM abundance, compared to the purely thermal scenarios, in presence of PBH with appropriate mass and initial fraction. Although the minimal setup itself is very predictive with observational consequences, details of the UV completion of the dark sector can offer several complementary probes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2022)·73 citations
34. 34*

    Higgs Field-Induced Triboluminescence in Binary Black Hole Mergers

    Mariam Chitishvili🇬🇪 · Merab Gogberashvili🇬🇪 · Rostislav Konoplich🇺🇸 · Alexander S. Sakharov🇺🇸

    We conjecture that the Higgs potential can be significantly modified when it is in close proximity to the horizon of an astrophysical black hole, leading to the destabilization of the electroweak vacuum. In this situation, the black hole should be encompassed by a shell consisting of a "bowling substance" of the nucleating new phase bubbles. In a binary black hole merger, just before the coalescence, the nucleated bubbles can be prevented from falling under their seeding horizons, as they are simultaneously attracted by the gravitational potential of the companion. For a short time, the unstable vacuum will be "sandwiched" between two horizons of the binary black hole, and therefore the bubbles may collide and form micro-black holes, which will be rapidly evaporated by thermal emission of Hawking radiation of all Standard Model spices. This evaporation, being triggered by a gravitational wave signal from the binary black hole merger, can manifest itself in observations of gamma rays and very high energy neutrinos, which makes it a perfect physics case for multi-messenger astronomical observations.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thUniverse(2023)·6 citations
35. 35*

    Gravitational lensing by a black hole in effective loop quantum gravity

    Qi-Ming Fu🇨🇳 · Xin Zhang🇨🇳

    It is well known that general relativity is an effective theory of gravity at low energy scale, and actually quantum effects cannot be ignored in the strong-field regime. As a strong gravitational object, black hole plays a key role in testing the quantum effects of gravity in the strong-field regime. In this paper, we focus on black hole in effective loop quantum gravity and investigate what the influences are of the quantum effects on the weak and strong bending angles of light rays. We find that this black hole could be a Schwarzschild black hole, a regular black hole, a one-way traversable wormhole, or a two-way traversable wormhole for the different values of the quantum parameter, and the strong bending angle for this compact object exhibits two different divergent behaviors, i.e., the logarithmic divergence and non-logarithmic divergence. There are a series of relativistic images on both sides of the optical axis. Only the outermost one can be resolved as a single image, and all others are packed together at the limiting angular position. It is interesting to note that the angular separation between the outermost relativistic image and the others initially increases and then decreases as the quantum parameter increases, indicating that there is a maximum in the angular separation. The maximum is reached after the black hole becomes a wormhole, which can be taken as a signal for the formation of the wormhole. Moreover, the limiting angular position decreases as the quantum parameter increases but a little bounce occurs after the formation of the wormhole, and the relative magnification in magnitudes first decreases and then increases as the quantum parameter increases.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·54 citations
36. 36*

    Yoga Dark Energy: Natural Relaxation and Other Dark Implications of a Supersymmetric Gravity Sector

    C.P. Burgess🇨🇦 · Danielle Dineen🇨🇦 · F. Quevedo🇬🇧

    We construct a class of 4D `yoga' (naturally relaxed) models for which the gravitational response of heavy-particle vacuum energies is strongly suppressed. The models contain three ingredients: (i) a relaxation mechanism, (ii) a very supersymmetric gravity sector coupled to matter for which supersymmetry is non-linearly realised, and (iii) an accidental approximate scale invariance expressed through the presence of a low-energy dilaton supermultiplet. All three are common in higher-dimensional and string constructions and although none suffices on its own, taken together they can dramatically suppress the net vacuum-energy density. The dilaton's {\it vev}~$\tau$ determines the weak scale $M_W\sim M_p/\sqrt{\tau }$. We compute the potential for $\tau$ and find it can be stabilized in a local de Sitter minimum at sufficiently large field values to explain the electroweak hierarchy, doing so using input parameters no larger than $O(60)$ because the relevant potential arises as a rational function of $\ln \tau$. The de Sitter vacuum energy at the minimum is order $c{M}_W^8\propto 1/{\tau }^4$, with $c\ll O(M_W^{-4})$. We discuss how to achieve $c\sim 1/M_p^4$ as required by observations. Scale invariance implies the dilaton couples to matter like a Brans-Dicke scalar with dangerously large coupling yet because it comes paired with an axion it can evade bounds through the novel screening mechanism described in {\tt ArXiV:2110.10352}. Cosmological axio-dilaton evolution predicts a natural quintessence model for Dark Energy, whose evolution can realize recent proposals to resolve the Hubble tension, and whose axion contributes to Dark Matter. We summarize inflationary implications and some remaining challenges, including the unusual supersymmetry breaking regime used and the potential for UV completions of our approach.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2022)·53 citations
37. 37*

    Inflaton-driven early dark energy

    Michael Maziashvili🇬🇪

    By arranging the control parameters, we examine whether the mass varying neutrino model PRD 103, 063540 (2021), enabling one to unify inflation with the present dark energy, can be used for producing an early dark energy. The model works in the following way. At early stages of the Big-Bang, the inflaton trapped in the minimum at $\varphi =0$ gets uplifted due to interaction with neutrinos and starts to roll down to one of the degenerate minima of the effective potential and after a while gets anchored at this minimum, which in turn evolves in time very slowly. Correspondingly, the early dark energy taking place as a result of this dynamical symmetry breaking also varies in time very slowly. Shortly before the recombination epoch, however, the symmetry is restored and early dark energy disappears. A typical problem of the mass varying neutrino models is that they can hardly provide the needed amount of early dark energy at the tree-level because of smallness of neutrino masses. Nevertheless, the quantum fluctuations of $\varphi$ can do the job in providing sufficient early dark energy under assumption that inflationary energy scale is of the order of $1$\,TeV. Radiative as well as thermal corrections coming from the neutrino sector do not affect the model significantly. As for the gravity induced corrections to the effective potential - they can be safely ignored.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phAstropart.Phys.(2023)·14 citations
38. 38*

    Model study of the energy dependence of the correlation between anisotropic flow and the mean transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions

    Niseem Magdy🇺🇸 · Petr Parfenov🇷🇺 · Arkadiy Taranenko🇷🇺 · Iurii Karpenko🇨🇿 · Roy A. Lacey🇺🇸

    A hybrid model that employs the hadron-string transport model UrQMD and the (3+1)D relativistic viscous hydrodynamic code vHLLE, is used to investigate the beam energy dependence of the correlation coefficient $\rho (v_2^2,[p_T])$ between the average transverse momentum $[p_T]$ of hadrons emitted in an event and the square of the anisotropic flow coefficient $v_2^2$. For Au+Au collisions, the model predicts characteristic patterns for the energy and event-shape dependence of the variances for $[p_T]$ and $v_n^2$ ($\mathrm{Var}([p_T])$ and $\mathrm{Var}(v_2^2)$), and the covariance of $v_n^2$ and $[p_T]$ ($\mathrm{cov}(v_2^2,[p_T])$), consistent with the attenuation effects of the specific shear viscosity $\eta /s$. In contrast, $\rho (v_2^2,[p_T])$ is predicted to be insensitive to the beam energy but sensitive to the initial-state geometry of the collisions. These observations suggest that a precise set of measurements for $\mathrm{Var}([p_T])$, $\mathrm{Var}(v_2^2)$, $\mathrm{cov}(v_2^2,[p_T])$ and $\rho (v_2^2,[p_T])$ as a function of beam-energy and event-shape, could aid precision extraction of the temperature and baryon chemical-potential dependence of $\eta /s$ from the wealth of Au+Au data obtained in the RHIC beam energy scan.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2022)·8 citations
39. 39*

    New experimental results on light and heavy hadrons

    Chang-Zheng Yuan🇨🇳

    We review the experimental progress on the study of light and heavy hadrons and focus on recent discoveries of the XYZ states, pentaquark states, $T_{cs}$ and $T_{cc}$ states in the heavy hadron sector, and on the ${\pi }_1(1600)$ and the states close to the $p\bar{p}$ threshold in the light hadron sector. The observations suggest that we did observe hadronic molecules and we also observed hadronic states with some other quark configurations.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPoS(2022)·2 citations
40. 40*

    Wilson Loop Expectations for Non-Abelian Gauge Fields Coupled to a Higgs Boson at Low and High Disorder

    Arka Adhikari🇺🇸

    We consider computations of Wilson loop expectations to leading order at large $\beta$ in the case where a non-abelian gauge field interacts with a Higgs boson. By identifying the main order contributions from minimal vortices, we can express the Wilson loop expectations via an explicit Poisson random variable. This paper treats multiple cases of interests, including the Higgs boson at low and high disorder, and finds efficient polymer expansion like computations for each of these regimes.

    ↳ math-phhep-phmath.MPmath.PRCommun.Math.Phys.(2024)·8 citations
41. 41*

    Nuclear medium effects in the deep inelastic ${\nu }_{\tau }/{\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }{-}^{40}Ar$ scattering at DUNE energies

    F. Zaidi🇮🇳 · V. Ansari🇮🇳 · M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · H. Haider🇮🇳 · I. Ruis Simo🇪🇸 · S. K. Singh🇮🇳

    The nuclear medium effects are studied in the ${\nu }_{\tau }/{\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ interactions from nuclei in the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) region and applied to the ${}^{40}Ar$ nucleus to obtain the scattering cross sections in the energy region of the proposed DUNE experiment. The free nucleon structure functions ($F_{iN}(x,Q^2);(i=1-5)$) have been calculated at the next-to-leading order (NLO) using Martin-Motylinski-Harland Lang-Thorne 2014 as well as The Coordinated Theoretical-Experimental Project on QCD parameterizations for parton distribution functions (PDFs) and including the effect of perturbative and nonperturbative QCD corrections \cite{Ansari:2020xne}. These free nucleon structure functions are then convoluted with the nucleon spectral function in the nucleus to obtain the nuclear structure functions ($F_{iA}(x,Q^2);(i=1-5)$). The nucleon spectral function takes into account the Fermi motion and the binding energy of the nucleons as well as the nucleon correlations within the nucleus. These nuclear structure functions are then used to calculate the deep inelastic scattering cross sections. Moreover, the contribution of $\pi$ and $\rho$ mesons as well as the corrections due to the shadowing and antishadowing effects in the relevant kinematic region of the Bjorken variable $x$ are also included. The numerical results for the cross sections have been presented and compared with the results obtained in the phenomenological approach using nuclear structure functions from nCTEQnu.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2022)·9 citations
42. 42*

    Comparison of heavy ion transport simulations: Ag+Ag collisions at Elab = 1.58 AGeV

    Tom Reichert🇩🇪 · Alexander Elz🇩🇪 · Taesoo Song🇩🇪 · Gabriele Coci🇩🇪 · Michael Winn🇫🇷 · Elena Bratkovskaya🇩🇪 · Jörg Aichelin🇫🇷 · Jan Steinheimer🇩🇪 · Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪

    We compare the microscopic transport models UrQMD, PHSD, PHQMD, and SMASH to make predictions for the upcoming Ag+Ag data at $E_{\mathrm{lab}}=1.58$~$A$GeV ($\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.55$~GeV) by the HADES collaboration. We study multiplicities, spectra and effective source temperatures of protons, ${\pi }^{\pm ,0}$, $K^{\pm }$, the $\eta$, $\Lambda +{\Sigma }^0$ and the ${\Xi }^{-}$ within these models. Despite variations in the detailed implementation of the dynamics in the different models, the employed transport approaches all show consistent multiplicities of the bulk of investigated hadrons. The main differences are in the ${\Xi }^{-}$ production, which is treated differently between UrQMD/SMASH on one side employing high mass resonance states with explicit decays to $\mathrm{Resonance}\to \Xi +K+K$ in contrast to PHSD/PHQMD which account only non-resonant $\Xi$ production channels. A comparison of the spectra, summarized by effective source temperatures, shows that all models provide similar source temperatures around $T_{\mathrm{source}}=80-95$~MeV, and show substantial radial flow on the order of $⟨v_T⟩=0.22c-0.3c$ even for such a small system.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·21 citations
43. 43*

    Accurate relativistic chiral nucleon-nucleon interaction up to NNLO

    Jun-Xu Lu🇨🇳 · Chun-Xuan Wang🇨🇳 · Yang Xiao🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳 · Jie Meng🇨🇳 · Peter Ring🇩🇪

    We construct a relativistic chiral nucleon-nucleon interaction up to the next-to-next-to-leading order in covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory. We show that a good description of the $np$ phase shifts up to $T_{\mathrm{lab}}=200$ MeV and even higher can be achieved with a ${\tilde{\chi }}^2/d.o.f.$ less than 1. Both the next-to-leading order results and the next-to-next-to-leading order results describe the phase shifts equally well up to $T_{\mathrm{lab}}=200$ MeV, but for higher energies, the latter behaves better, showing satisfactory convergence. The relativistic chiral potential provides the most essential inputs for relativistic ab initio studies of nuclear structure and reactions, which has been in need for almost two decades.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-lathep-phnucl-exPRL(2022)·69 citations
44. 44*

    Gravity from symmetry breaking phase transition

    G.E. Volovik🇫🇮

    The paper is devoted to the memory of Dmitry Diakonov. We discuss gravity emerging in the fermionic vacuum as suggested by Diakonov 10 years ago in his paper "Towards lattice-regularized Quantum Gravity". Gravity emerges in the phase transition. The order parameter in this transition is the tetrad field, which appears as the bilinear composite of the fermionic fields. This symmetry breaking gives 6 Nambu-Goldstone modes; 6 gauge bosons in the spin-connection fields, which absorb 6 NG modes and become massive gauge bosons; and 6 Higgs fields. The similar scenario of the symmetry breaking with appearance of the $5+1$ Higgs gravitons takes place in the B-phase of superfluid ${}^3$He. While in ${}^3$He-B these Higgs modes are all massive, in the GR these Higgs collective modes give rise to two massless gravitational waves.

    ↳ gr-qccond-mat.otherhep-phJ.Low Temp.Phys.(2022)·10 citations
45. 45*

    Three-body renormalization group limit cycles based on unsupervised feature learning

    Bastian Kaspschak🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪

    Both the three-body system and the inverse square potential carry a special significance in the study of renormalization group limit cycles. In this work, we pursue an exploratory approach and address the question which two-body interactions lead to limit cycles in the three-body system at low energies, without imposing any restrictions upon the scattering length. For this, we train a boosted ensemble of variational autoencoders, that not only provide a severe dimensionality reduction, but also allow to generate further synthetic potentials, which is an important prerequisite in order to efficiently search for limit cycles in low-dimensional latent space. We do so by applying an elitist genetic algorithm to a population of synthetic potentials that minimizes a specially defined limit-cycle-loss. The resulting fittest individuals suggest that the inverse square potential is the only two-body potential that minimizes this limit cycle loss independent of the hyperangle.

    ↳ nucl-thcs.LGhep-phhep-th+1Mach.Learn.Sci.Tech.(2022)·5 citations
46. 46*

    The static force from generalized Wilson loops

    Viljami Leino🇩🇪 · Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Owe Philipsen🇩🇪 · Christian Reisinger🇩🇪 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Marc Wagner🇩🇪

    Recently a method to compute the static force with lattice gauge theory using an insertion of a chromoelectric field into a Wilson loop was proposed. We explore this method using the multilevel algorithm and discuss the renormalization of the chromoelectric field on the lattice.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thPoS(2022)·4 citations
47. 47*

    Vacuum correlators at short distances from lattice QCD

    Tim Harris🇬🇧 · Marco Cè🇨🇭 · Harvey B. Meyer🇩🇪 · Arianna Toniato🇩🇪 · Csaba Török🇩🇪

    We propose a method to help control cutoff effects in the short-distance contribution to integrated correlation functions, such as the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP), using the corresponding screening correlators computed at finite temperature. The strategy is investigated with Wilson fermions at leading order, which reveals a logarithmically-enhanced lattice artifact in the short-distance contribution, whose coefficient is determined at this order. We then perform a numerical study with $N_{\mathrm{f}}=2$ O($a$)-improved Wilson fermions and a temperature $T\approx 250\mathrm{MeV}$, with lattice spacings down to $a\approx 0.03\mathrm{fm}$, which suggests good control can be achieved on the short-distance contribution to the HVP and the Adler function at large virtuality. Finally, we put forward a scheme to compute the complete HVP function at arbitrarily large virtualities using a step-scaling in the temperature.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2021)·6 citations
48. 48*

    Seeking Neutrino Emission from AGN through Temporal and Spatial Cross Correlation

    Cyril Creque-Sarbinowski🇺🇸 · Marc Kamionkowski🇺🇸 · Bei Zhou🇺🇸

    Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are a promising source for high-energy astrophysical neutrinos (HEANs). By the end of 2022, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory (VRO) will begin to observe $\gtrsim 10$ million AGN with a regular and high cadence. Here, we evaluate the capacity of VRO, in tandem with various current and upcoming neutrino telescopes, to establish AGN as HEAN emitters. To do so, we assume that the neutrino luminosity from any given AGN at any given time is proportional to the electromagnetic luminosity. We then estimate the error with which this fraction can be measured through spatial and temporal cross-correlation of VRO light curves with IceCube, KM3NeT, and Bakail-GVD. We find that it may be possible to detect AGN contributions at the $\sim 3\sigma$ level to the HEAN flux even if these AGN contribute only $\sim 10\%$ of the HEAN flux. The bulk of this information comes from spatial correlations, although the temporal information improves the sensitivity a bit. The results also imply that if an angular correlation is detected with high signal-to-noise, there may be prospects to detect a correlation between AGN variability and neutrino arrival times. The small HEAN fraction estimated here to be accessible to the entirety of the VRO AGN sample suggests that valuable information on the character of the emitting AGN may be obtained through similar analyses on different sub-populations of AGN.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAhep-phPRD(2022)·5 citations
49. 49*

    Black hole induced false vacuum decay: The role of greybody factors

    Andrey Shkerin🇺🇸 · Sergey Sibiryakov🇨🇦

    We study false vacuum decay catalyzed by black holes. We consider a toy two-dimensional model of a scalar field with an unstable potential in the background of a dilaton black hole. A realistic black hole in four dimensions possesses the potential barrier for linear field perturbations. We model this barrier -- the greybody factor -- for spherically-symmetric perturbations in the toy model by adding a coupling between the scalar field and dilaton. We compute analytically the decay rate for the black hole in thermal equilibrium (Hartle-Hawking state) and for the radiating black hole in empty space (Unruh state). Our results show that, contrary to the Hartle-Hawking vacuum, the decay probability of the Unruh vacuum remains exponentially suppressed at all black hole temperatures. We argue that this result holds also in four dimensions.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·30 citations
50. 50*

    Constructing the general partial waves and renormalization in EFT

    Jing Shu🇨🇳 · Ming-Lei Xiao🇺🇸 · Yu-Hui Zheng🇨🇳

    We construct the general partial wave amplitude basis for the $N\to M$ scattering, which consists of Poincaré Clebsch-Gordan coefficients, with Lorentz invariant forms given in terms of spinor-helicity variables. The inner product of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients is defined, which converts on-shell phase space integration into an algebraic problem. We also develop the technique of partial wave expansions of arbitrary amplitudes, including those with infrared divergence. These are applied to the computation of anomalous dimension matrix for general effective operators, where unitarity cuts for the loop amplitudes, with an arbitrary number of external particles, are obtained via partial wave expansion.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·20 citations
51. 51*

    Introducing vortices in the continuum using direct and indirect methods

    Zahra Asmaee🇮🇷 · Sedigheh Deldar🇮🇷 · Motahareh Kiamari🇮🇷

    Inspired by direct and indirect maximal center gauge methods which confirm the existence of vortices in lattice calculations and by using the connection formalism, we show that under some appropriate gauge transformations vortices and chains appear in the QCD vacuum of the continuum limit. In the direct method, by applying center gauge transformation and \textquotedblleft center projection,\textquotedblright QCD is reduced to a gauge theory including vortices, which corresponds to the non-trivial first homotopy group ${\Pi }_1\left(\text{SO}(3)\right)=Z_2.$ On the other hand, using the indirect method, in addition to the center gauge transformation and \textquotedblleft center projection,\textquotedblright an initial step called Abelian gauge transformation and then Abelian projection are applied. Therefore, instead of single vortices, chains that contain monopoles and vortices appear in the theory.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2022)·4 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.