Wed·Aug 20, 2025Wednesday·August 20, 2025

1. 01*

   Harnessing data-driven methods for precise model independent event shape estimation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

   Dipankar Basak🇮🇳 · H. Hushnud🇮🇳 · Kalyan Dey🇮🇳

   This study demonstrates the application of supervised machine learning (ML) techniques to distinguish between isotropic and jet-like event topologies in heavy-ion collisions via the spherocity observable. State-of-the-art ML algorithms, optimized through systematic hyperparameter tuning, are employed to predict both traditional transverse spherocity $S_0$ and unweighted transverse spherocity $S_0^{p_{\mathrm{T}}=1}$ directly from raw event data. Moreover, the results from this study demonstrated that our approach remains largely model-independent, underscoring its potential applicability in future experimental heavy-ion physics analyses.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2026)·2 citations
2. 02*

   Complementarity between gravitational wave signatures and Higgs precision measurements of a classically conformal hidden U(1) extended Standard Model

   Victor Baules🇺🇸 · Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸

   We consider a classically conformal extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a hidden $U(1)$ gauge symmetry, where the $U(1)$ symmetry is radiatively broken via the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism. This radiative breaking then induces electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking through a negative mixed quartic coupling between the hidden sector Higgs field and the SM Higgs doublet. Due to the mixed quartic coupling, the original two Higgs fields mix with a small angle $\theta$ to form two mass eigenstates, $h_1$ (SM-like Higgs) and $h_2$ (SM singlet-like Higgs). Setting their masses as $M_{h_1}>2M_{h_2}$ to allow the decay process, $h_1\to h_2{h}_2$, we find a remarkable prediction of the conformal Higgs potential: the corresponding decay width is strongly suppressed in contrast to the one in the conventional Higgs potential. This anomalous behavior provides a striking experimental signature testable at the International Linear Collider (ILC) and other future high-energy lepton colliders. In this work, we investigate further experimental signatures of the model which are complementary to the Higgs physics at the colliders. First, we study the hidden $U(1)$ gauge boson as a cold dark matter (DM) candidate. While we find parameter regions consistent with both the observed relic abundance and collider sensitivities, these regions are excluded by current direct DM detection limits. Second, we consider a strong first-order phase transition associated with hidden $U(1)$ breaking in the early universe and compute the resulting gravitational wave (GW) spectrum. We find that for parameter regions complementary to Higgs precision measurements at the ILC, the predicted GW signals lie well above the projected sensitivities of future GW observatories.

   hep-ph2 citations
3. 03*

   Froggatt-Nielsen like mechanism in the framework of Modular Symmetry for Neutrino Mass, Mixing and Leptogenesis

   Gourab Pathak🇮🇳 · Mrinal Kumar Das🇮🇳

   We study a neutrino mass model with Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) like modular symmetry. The FN mechanism requires an additional gauge symmetry, $U(1{)}_{FN}$, which is spontaneously broken at high energies. But in this work, we do not need an extra symmetry as modular weights play the role of the FN charges of the additional $U(1{)}_{FN}$ symmetry. We have constructed a neutrino mass model using FN-like modular symmetry in the $T^{\prime }$ group. This model can accommodate neutrino oscillation parameters and also address other phenomena beyond the Standard Model, such as neutrinoless double beta decay and the baryon asymmetry of the universe.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Inert dark matter in three Higgs doublet model: a blind spot narrative

   Amit Dutta Banik🇮🇳 · Tapoja Jha🇫🇮 · Eija Tanskanen🇫🇮

   We explore the phenomenology of three Higgs doublet scenario, where the scalar potential is augmented by ${\mathbb{Z}}_3\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry making one doublet inert. Thus in effect, our model of interest is two Higgs plus inert Higgs doublet model charged under ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ ((2+I)HDM-${\mathbb{Z}}_3$) symmetry. We observe a blind spot feature for dark matter direct detection, as the tree-level dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section vanishes depending on the mass splitting of dark sector particles. We perform a detailed analysis based on vacuum stability, unitarity, relic abundance, and direct detection results on the model. We also perform profile likelihood analysis and constrain the corresponding parameter space.

   hep-phJCAP(2025)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Weak decays of singly heavy baryons: the $1/2\to 3/2$ case

   Fu-Wei Zhang · Zhen-Xing Zhao

   This work is devoted to investigating the $1/2\to 3/2$ weak decays of singly heavy baryons. Due to the orthogonality between the spin wavefunctions of antitriplet baryons and spin-3/2 baryons, the weak decay amplitude for such processes vanishes at the leading order of QCD. Consequently, this study exclusively examines the weak decays of ${\Omega }_Q$. Using the light-front approach under the three-quark picture, we first extract the relevant form factors, and then apply them to investigate corresponding semileptonic and nonleptonic decays. Finally, we compare our phenomenological predictions with existing results in the literature. Our findings are expected to be helpful in experimentally establishing these decay channels.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2026)·4 citations
6. 06*

   Entropy, purity and gluon cascades at high energies with recombinations and transitions to vacuum

   Krzysztof Kutak🇵🇱 · Michał Praszałowicz🇵🇱

   We study one dimensional dipole cascade models in the high-energy limit of QCD. Motivated by data on hadron multiplicities in the LHCb kinematical range, we generalize existing cascade models for splitting and recombination to account also for transitions to the vacuum. This modification allows us to describe the data. Furthermore, we perform both analytical and numerical studies of the cascades and find that the cascade including loop corrections, as well as the one accounting for transitions to the vacuum, can both be related to the Negative Binomial Distribution. In the latter case, however, one must properly normalize the cascade to account for transitions to the vacuum. We also study the scaling properties of the cascades and identify new regimes, which we call "focal" and "parallel." Finally, we investigate the Quantum Information (QI) measures of the cascades, which allow us to highlight their distinctive properties.

   hep-phhep-thEPJC(2025)·13 citations
7. 07*

   Explaining Data Anomalies over the NMSSM Parameter Space with Deep Learning Techniques

   A. Hammad🇯🇵 · Raymundo Ramos🇰🇷 · Amit Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Pyungwon Ko🇰🇷 · Stefano Moretti🇬🇧

   Motivated by recent results from particle physics analyses, we investigate the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) as a framework capable of accommodating a range of current data anomalies across low- and high-energy experiments. These include the so-called 95GeV and 650GeV excesses from Higgs studies, the Electro-Weakino excess from Supersymmetry searches, the latest $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ measurements as well as potential deviations from Standard Model (SM) predictions that would appear as a consequence in mono-$H$ (where $H=h_{\mathrm{SM}}$) and -$Z$ signatures of Dark Matter. Our analysis demonstrates that viable NMSSM parameter regions exist where all these features can be accommodated at the $2\sigma$ level while remaining consistent with the most up-to-date theoretical and experimental constraints. To identify such regions, we employ an efficient numerical scanning strategy assisted by deep learning techniques. We further present several benchmark points that realize these scenarios, offering promising directions for future phenomenological studies.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2026)·11 citations
8. 08*

   Testing the dark side of neutrino oscillations with the solar neutrino fog at Dark Matter experiments

   Julia Gehrlein🇺🇸 · Tanmay Kushwaha🇺🇸

   The recent detection of the solar neutrino background at Dark Matter direct detection experiments paves the way to fully explore an important degeneracy in neutrino oscillations in the presence of new interactions, named the LMA-Dark degeneracy. This degeneracy makes it impossible to determine the neutrino mass ordering in oscillation experiments if neutrinos have new vectorial interactions with matter. As the composition of solar neutrinos at the Earth consists of all three neutrino flavors, testing the presence of new neutrino interactions in the muon and tau neutrino sector in scatterings can fully probe the LMA-Dark region for the first time. In this paper we show that current data from XENONnT and PandaX-4T does not yet exclude the LMA-Dark region with equal couplings of a new mediator to muon and tau neutrinos and quarks, and we identify the possible experimental scenarios to do so in the future. We also show that Dark Matter experiments can distinguish new interactions in the muon or tau sector only from new interactions affecting both sectors.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Seeing Through the Nucleus: A Review of Color Transparency Phenomena

   Holly Szumila-Vance🇺🇸 · Dipangkar Dutta🇺🇸 · Gerald A. Miller🇺🇸 · Misak Sargsian🇺🇸

   We review the current status of the phenomenon of Color Transparency (CT), a fundamental consequence of the description of hadrons from Quantum Chromo Dynamics. CT refers to the vanishing of final (and/or initial) state interactions with the nuclear medium for exclusive process at sufficiently high enough momentum transfers. We discuss the current experimental observations relating to CT and their theoretical implications for other high energy processes. Future CT experiments and facilities are also described.

   ↳ nucl-exhep-phnucl-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2026)·1 citation
10. 10*

    A tapestry of gravitational waveforms to study black hole mergers

    Zack Carson🇺🇸

    A novel approach to binary black hole gravitational wave analysis improves the process of inferring black hole properties by selecting the most accurate waveform model for each region of the parameter space, resulting in tighter constraints and 30% lower computational costs.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.IMhep-phNature Astron.(2025)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Weakly Supervised Anomaly Detection in Events with a Higgs Boson and Exotic Physics

    Chi Lung Cheng🇺🇸 · Sarah Demers🇺🇸 · Sascha Diefenbacher🇺🇸 · Runze Li🇺🇸 · Benjamin Nachman🇺🇸 · Dennis Noll🇺🇸

    We present a machine learning-based anomaly detection strategy designed to identify anomalous physics in events containing resonant Standard Model physics and demonstrate this method on the final state of a Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The demonstration targets high-dimensional deviations in the region of phase space containing the Higgs mass peak in a fully signal-agnostic manner. A latent-space embedding, learned from event kinematics, enables the use of a large set of potentially sensitive features. Backgrounds are estimated using a hybrid approach that combines machine learning-based generative modelling with traditional simulation, and a discriminator is trained in the latent space to distinguish data from background estimates. After applying a selection on the classifier output, the invariant mass distribution of the diphoton system is examined for localized excesses above the simulated Higgs peak. We benchmark the sensitivity of this strategy using simplified simulated proton-proton collisions corresponding to data recorded during Run 2 of the LHC, and show that the method can provide significant improvements in sensitivity, even for small signal injections that could remain undetected in an inclusive analysis. These results demonstrate that the proposed strategy is a promising and viable approach for future searches and should be applied to recorded collider data.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPRD(2026)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Implementation of the Martini-Ericson-Chanfray-Marteau RPA-based neutrino and antineutrino cross-section model in the GENIE neutrino event generator

    Lavinia Russo (1)🇫🇷 · Marco Martini (2 and 1)🇫🇷 · Stephen Dolan (3)🇨🇭 · Laura Munteanu (3)🇨🇭 · Boris Popov (1)🇫🇷 · Claudio Giganti (1) ((1) Sorbonne Université, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France, (2) IPSA-DRII, Ivry-sur-Seine, France, (3) CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland)🇫🇷

    We discuss the first implementation of the Martini-Ericson-Chanfray-Marteau random phase approximation-based (anti)neutrino cross-section model for quasielastic (1p1h) and multinucleon (2p2h and 3p3h) excitations in the widely used GENIE neutrino event generator. Validation steps are presented, in particular, through direct comparisons of GENIE cross-section output with original calculations performed by the authors of the model. Predictions for ${}^{12}$C, ${}^{16}$O, and ${}^{40}$Ar are compared with some available T2K and MicroBooNE experimental measurements showing a reasonable agreement.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPRD(2026)·5 citations
13. 13*

    Convection-Driven Multi-Scale Magnetic Fields Determine the Observed Solar-Disk Gamma Rays

    Jung-Tsung Li🇺🇸 · Mahboubeh Asgari-Targhi · John F. Beacom🇺🇸 · Annika H. G. Peter🇺🇸

    The solar disk is a continuous source of GeV--TeV gamma rays. The emission is thought to originate from hadronic Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) interacting with the gas in the photosphere and uppermost convection zone after being reflected by solar magnetic fields. Despite this general understanding, existing theoretical models have yet to match observational data. At the photosphere and the uppermost convection zone, granular convection drives a multi-scale magnetic field, forming a larger-scale filamentary structure while also generating turbulence-scale Alfvén wave turbulence. Here, we demonstrate that the larger-scale filamentary field shapes the overall gamma-ray emission spectrum, and the Alfvén wave turbulence is critical for further suppressing the gamma-ray emission spectrum below $\sim 100$~GeV. For a standard Alfvén wave turbulence level, our model's predicted spectrum slope from 1~GeV to 1~TeV is in excellent agreement with observations from Fermi-LAT and HAWC, an important achievement. The predicted absolute flux is a factor of 2--5 lower than the observed data; we outline future directions to resolve this discrepancy. The key contribution of our work is providing a new theoretical framework for using solar disk gamma-ray observations to probe hadronic GCR transport in the lower solar atmosphere.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phApJ(2026)·5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.