Mon·Jun 30, 2025Monday·June 30, 2025

1. 01*

   Lessons from LHCb and Belle II measurements of $B\to J/\psi \pi$ and $B\to J/\psi K$ decays

   Zoltan Ligeti🇺🇸 · Yosef Nir🇮🇱 · Roy Schein🇮🇱

   The LHCb collaboration has recently measured the CP asymmetry in $B^{+}\to J/\psi {\pi }^{+}$ decay, while the Belle II collaboration has recently measured the CP asymmetries in $B^0\to J/\psi {\pi }^0$ decay. Within the Standard Model, and using flavor-$SU(3)$ relations including first-order breaking corrections, these measurements lead to new predictions with regard to CP violation in $B^{+}\to J/\psi K^{+}$ and $B_s\to J/\psi \overline{K}{}^0$ decays, the difference between $S_{\psi K_S}$ and $\sin 2\beta$, and the rate and CP asymmetries in $B_s\to J/\psi {\pi }^0$ decay.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2026)·0 citations
2. 02*

   A joint explanation for the soft lepton and monojet LHC excesses in the wino-bino model

   Diyar Agin🇫🇷 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Mark D. Goodsell🇫🇷 · Taylor Murphy🇺🇸

   We present new recasts of the CMS Run 2 soft-leptons + missing energy analysis and the ATLAS Run 2 multijet + missing energy analysis. These analyses are relevant for probing the parameter space of electroweak-charged particles with compressed spectra. We review these analyses and detail their implementation and validation in HackAnalysis (for CMS) and MadAnalysis 5 (ATLAS). We then use these new recasts to combine four LHC analyses to identify a region of parameter space of the "wino-bino" simplified model, which corresponds to a limit of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in which higgsinos are decoupled, that is preferred over the Standard Model by excesses in the data. We find that the favoured region is compatible with the observed dark matter relic density, assuming freeze out within a standard cosmology, and we comment on the importance of this result and on how the simplified model should be mapped onto a complete supersymmetric model.

   hep-phEPJC(2025)·9 citations
3. 03*

   Natural neutrino mass hierarchy in a theory of gauge flavour deconstruction

   Mario Fernández Navarro🇬🇧 · Stephen F. King🇬🇧 · Avelino Vicente🇪🇸

   We show how a natural neutrino mass hierarchy with large lepton mixing angles may be achieved in a theory of gauge flavour deconstruction. Hitherto it has been shown that neutrino anarchy may result from such theories, but here we show that this need not necessarily be the case. In particular we consider the minimal tri-hypercharge theory, and show that the decomposition of the family hypercharges into the corresponding $B-L$ gauge groups, together with the charged lepton mass hierarchy, implies the sequential dominance conditions for a neutrino mass hierarchy, where lepton mixing originates from both the neutrino and charged lepton sectors. We present novel and model-independent sequential dominance results applicable to this case, but also useful more generally. We also show how natural quark mass and mixing are included in such a framework.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2026)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Matching HEFT and SMEFT in double and triple Higgs production from weak boson fusion

   D. Domenech🇪🇸 · M. Herrero🇪🇸 · R. A. Morales🇦🇷 · A. Salas-Bernárdez🇪🇸

   In this work we study the matching between the two most popular effective field theories for beyond standard model Higgs physics, SMEFT and HEFT. To perform this matching we follow the approach of identifying the corresponding scattering amplitudes for physical processes in both theories, instead of the most usual approach of relating the corresponding effective Lagrangians or effective actions. In this work we focus on the physical processes of double and triple Higgs production from weak boson fusion, in particular, $WW\to HH$, $ZZ\to HH$, $WW\to HHH$ and $ZZ\to HHH$ and complement them with the elastic scattering $HH\to HH$. We present here the analytical solution to this matching in terms of relations among the coefficients in both theories and comment on the most relevant phenomenological implications of such relations for collider physics.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·12 citations
5. 05*

   Excited States Of Positronium From The Two Body Dirac Equations Of Constraint

   Robert W. Johnson🇮🇳

   The binding energies of the excited states of positronium are calculated using the two body Dirac equations of constraint formalism. The results from nonperturbative evaluation are compared to those from perturbative evaluation. The equations for decoupled sates with J=0 are compared to an alternate formulation of the model. Some misprints in the literature are identified and corrected.

   hep-ph0 citations
6. 06*

   Evidence for and implications of a dark photon

   X. G. Wang🇦🇺 · A. W. Thomas🇦🇺

   We performed the first global QCD analysis of electron-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering and related high-energy data by including the contribution from a dark photon. Our results revealed a significant reduction in ${\chi }^2$ relative to the baseline result without new physics. From a hypothesis test, our best dark photon fit is preferred over the Standard Model by as much as $6.5\sigma$, providing the first hint for the existence of a dark photon, although indirectly. Additionally, we explored the implications of a dark photon in party-violating electron scattering, rare kaon decay, and the electroweak precision observables. The dark photon as a portal connecting to dark matter particles was also discussed.

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2026)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Nature of the $P_c$ states from compositeness criteria

   Yu-Fei Wang🇨🇳 · Chao-Wei Shen🇨🇳 · Deborah Rönchen🇩🇪 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Bing-Song Zou🇨🇳 · Fei Huang🇨🇳

   Based on a coupled-channel approach, we investigate the structures of four $P_c$ states through compositeness criteria. Toward a more precise description of the states, we have obtained refined fit results of the LHCb data on the $J/\psi p$ invariant mass distribution of the ${\Lambda }_b^0\to J/\psi p{K}^{-}$ decay. Allowing for the fact that each of the four $P_c$ states couples strongly to a nearby $S$-wave channel, three criteria on the compositeness/elementariness are adopted in this study: the pole-counting rule, the spectral density function, and the Gamow wave function. Compositeness information is extracted from the scattering amplitudes and the pole parameters (pole positions and residues), without any preconceived assumptions on the nature of the $P_c$ states, and without any dependence on the model parametrization. Consistently within the framework of all the three methods, it has been found that the $P_c(4312)1/2^{-}$ is mainly composed by $\bar{D}{\Sigma }_c$, $P_c(4380)3/2^{-}$ by $\bar{D}{\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$, while the $P_c(4440)1/2^{-}$ and $P_c(4457)3/2^{-}$ states both turn out as composite states of ${\bar{D}}^{\ast }{\Sigma }_c$. The upper limits of the values of their elementariness are estimated to be rather small. This paper provides an additional confirmation of the molecular interpretation for the $P_c$ states in the literature.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2025)·4 citations
8. 08*

   Polarization observables in semileptonic $V\to P$ decays of quarkonia

   Chien-Thang Tran🇻🇳 · Mikhail A. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Ngoc-Dung Nguyen🇻🇳 · Quang-Chau Vo🇻🇳

   We investigate the weak semileptonic decays of the charmonium $J/\psi$ and bottomonium ${\rm Y}(1S)$ into a pseudoscalar meson, namely, the $J/\psi \to D_{(s)}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ and ${\rm Y}(1S)\to B_{(c)}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ decays. We focus on the polarization observables including the forward-backward asymmetry, final lepton polarization, and lepton-side convexity parameter. In order to define these quantities, we apply the helicity amplitude method and obtain a twofold angular decay distribution for a general $V\to P\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ case. The hadronic form factors are taken from our previous work, where they were calculated in the Covariant Confined Quark Model. We provide theoretical predictions for the polarization observables and compare them with the literature.

   hep-phJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2025)·4 citations
9. 09*

   Eigenstates in coupled-channel scattering amplitude and their effects on spectrum

   Takuma Nishibuchi🇯🇵 · Tetsuo Hyodo🇯🇵

   In general, discrete eigenstates such as resonances are represented by poles of the scattering amplitude, analytically continued to the complex energy plane. In multi-channel scattering, however, the Riemann surface becomes more complicated, leading to the emergence of various types of poles with distinct characteristics. In this study, we investigate the relationship between poles located on different Riemann sheets and analyze how they influence the observable spectra. In particular, we clarify the effect of the decay channel on the pole trajectory, where an $s$-wave bound state evolves into a resonance via a virtual state. It is shown that the quasibound state pole below the threshold does not continuously connected to the resonance pole above the threshold, and a kind of interchange of poles occurs. As a concrete example, we consider several models based on the chiral unitary approach that describe meson-baryon scattering amplitudes involving the $\Xi (1620)$ and $\Xi (1690)$ resonances. We examine their impact on the $\pi \Xi$ invariant mass distributions in the ${\Xi }_c\to \pi \pi \Xi$ decay, discussing how the pole structure manifests itself in experimental observables.

   hep-phnucl-thJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·4 citations
10. 10*

    Collins function for pion-in-jet production in polarized $pp$ collisions: a test of universality and factorization

    Umberto D'Alesio🇮🇹 · Carlo Flore🇮🇹 · Marco Zaccheddu🇺🇸

    We present an updated study of the Collins azimuthal asymmetries for pion-in-jet production in polarized $pp$ collisions. To this aim, we employ a recent extraction of the transversity and Collins fragmentation functions from semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation into hadron pairs processes, obtained within a simplified transverse momentum dependent (TMD) approach at leading order in the strong coupling constant ${\alpha }_s$. In the present case we adopt a collinear configuration for the initial state, keeping transverse momentum effects only in the fragmentation mechanism. Our theoretical estimates, when compared against 200~GeV and 510~GeV data from the STAR Collaboration, show a generally good agreement for the distributions in the transverse momentum of the jet, the pion longitudinal momentum fraction and its transverse momentum with respect to the jet direction. While not being a proof, due the assumptions and limitations behind the entire approach, these findings corroborate the hypothesis of TMD factorization for such processes as well as of the universality of the Collins function and, once again, of a reduced impact of the proper TMD evolution on azimuthal asymmetries. We will also present predictions based on an extraction of the Collins and transversity distributions where information from data on single spin asymmetry for inclusive pion production in $p^{\uparrow }p$ collisions is included through a Bayesian reweighting procedure.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thPLB(2025)·6 citations
11. 11*

    Study of excited $D$ and $D_s$ mesons in a relativized quark model

    Saba Noor🇵🇰 · Faisal Akram🇵🇰 · Bilal Masud🇵🇰

    We use a modified relativistic quark model to study the properties of excited charmed and charmed strange mesons. We calculate the masses and wave functions of conventional charmed and charmed strange mesons incorporating both spin and $S$-$D$ mixing effects and fit parameters of the potential model with known experimental states using differential evolution technique. Using Leading Born-Oppenheimer expansion, we also compute the spectrum and wave functions of first gluonic excited state of charmed and charmed strange mesons. We examine the effects of gluonic excitation on the spectrum of resultant hybrid mesons. By using our calculated spectrum and wave functions, we determine the radiative transitions of the conventional and hybrid open charm mesons. We compare our calculations with experimental data and other works. We expect our results will be beneficial in the detection of the charmed and charmed strange conventional and hybrids mesons.

    hep-phCPC(2025)·1 citation
12. 12*

    Constraint on ultralight Nelson-Barr dark matter from time-dependent nuclear decay

    Chang-Jie Dai🇨🇳 · Tong Li🇨🇳

    Many experiments have notably reported anomalies in radioactive decay rates with periodic variations and challenged the traditional belief of time-independent decays. This periodicity could potentially be explained by the presence of a periodic dark matter (DM) candidate. In this work, we investigate the impact of time-dependent nuclear decay rates on the ultralight scalar DM in Nelson-Barr solution to the strong CP problem. The light scalar DM field in this framework induces periodic modulations of both CKM matrix elements and quark mass parameters. These modulations generate corresponding periodic perturbations in the neutron-proton mass difference and nuclear binding energies. Consequently, nuclear decay rates receive oscillating residuals. By analyzing the tritium decay rate, we derive new exclusion bounds on the Nelson-Barr DM parameters.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
13. 13*

    Magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson effects in an interacting hadron gas in the presence of an external magnetic field

    Kamaljeet Singh🇮🇳 · Kshitish Kumar Pradhan🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

    The universality of electric charge as a quantum number allows thermoelectric properties to manifest across diverse systems, starting from a hot quantum chromodynamic matter in heavy-ion collisions at a high energy scale to semiconductors in condensed matter systems at a low energy scale. In this work, we explore the emergence of magneto-transport phenomena, specifically the magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson effects, in a hot and dense hadronic medium produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and Large Hadron Collider energies. These phenomena arise due to the combined influence of temperature gradients and non-zero baryon chemical potential, particularly in the presence of an external magnetic field. Using the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation within the relaxation time approximation, we analyze the behavior of the hadronic medium considering different frameworks of hadron resonance gas models. The presence of external magnetic fields breaks the isotropy of the thermoelectric transport coefficient matrix, giving rise to new components of the Thomson coefficient, namely, magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson coefficients. For the first time, we estimate the magneto-Thomson and transverse Thomson coefficients, which originate from the temperature dependence of the magneto-Seebeck coefficient and Nernst coefficient, respectively, in hadron gas under the influence of a static and time-varying magnetic field. Our findings provide a novel perspective on the higher-order thermoelectric properties of the hot and dense hadronic medium in the context of heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1PRD(2026)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Space-like pion off-shell form factors in the Bethe-Salpeter approach

    S. Bondarenko (1,2)🇷🇺 · M. Slautin (1,2) ((1) Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia, (2) Dubna State University, Dubna, Russia)🇷🇺

    In the paper, the off-shell electromagnetic pion form factors in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism are considered. The separable kernel of the first rank quark-antiquark interaction is used to solve the equation analytically. The semi-off-shell pion form factors \( F_1 \) and \( F_2 \), which are related to each other by the Ward-Takahashi identity, are calculated. The obtained off-shell form factors as well as static properties of the pion are compared with the results of other authors.

    hep-phnucl-th3 citations
15. 15*

    Application of the 3-Loop FlexibleEFTHiggs Method to the MSSM and the NMSSM

    Thomas Kwasnitza🇩🇪 · Dominik Stöckinger🇩🇪 · Alexander Voigt🇩🇪 · Johannes Wünsche🇩🇪

    We perform an extensive analysis of the light CP-even Higgs boson pole mass in the MSSM and its dependencies on various parameters based on the 3-loop FlexibleEFTHiggs hybrid calculation which is implemented and publicly avaiable since recently in FlexibleSUSY. Our focus lies on the study of the robustness of the approach in scenarios of highly non-degenerate SUSY mass spectra. Also, we present an improved Higgs mass calculation in the NMSSM based on the same approach, which is published in the new version 2.9.0 of FlexibleSUSY as well. The calculation provides a treatment in the full-model parametrization, leading to an advantageous resummation of QCD-enhanced terms in the stop-mixing parameter and includes important 2-loop contributions as well as 3-loop QCD contributions in the MSSM limit. We assess the reliability of this new calculation by applying it to several distinct NMSSM scenarios. In this context, special attention is devoted to the estimation of NMSSM-specific theory uncertainty.

    hep-phEPJC(2026)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Phase transitions and gravitational waves in a non-abelian vector dark matter scenario

    Nico Benincasa🇨🇳 · Luigi Delle Rose🇮🇹 · Luca Panizzi🇮🇹 · Maimoona Razzaq🇮🇹 · Savio Urzetta🇮🇹

    We study a scenario where the Standard Model is extended by a SU(2) gauge group in the dark sector. The three associated dark gauge bosons are stabilised via a custodial symmetry triggered by an additional dark SU(2) scalar doublet, thus making them viable dark-matter candidates. After considering the most recent constraints for this model, we analyse the phase transition dynamics and compute the power spectrum of resulting stochastic gravitational-wave background. Finally, we find regions of the parameter space yielding the observed dark-matter relic density while also leading to strong enough phase transition with an associated gravitational-wave signal reaching the sensitivity of future space-based gravitational-wave detector, such as LISA, DECIGO, BBO, TianQin or Taiji.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·5 citations
17. 17*

    Aligned Zee-Grimus-Neufeld model for $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$

    R. E. A. Bringas🇧🇷 · A. L. Cherchiglia🇧🇷 · G. De Conto🇧🇷 · C. C. Nishi🇧🇷

    The recent result of the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment is still in conflict with the SM prediction if dispersive methods are used as input for the hadronic vacuum polarization. We seek models where the same set of mediators around the weak scale or above contribute to neutrino masses and to the muon $g-2$ through a chiral enhanced contribution. As family lepton number violation is inherent to the former, non-negligible charged lepton flavor violation will be induced. We arrive at the following field content additional to the SM: one Higgs doublet, one singly charged scalar and one righthanded neutrino. Neutrino masses will be generated by a combination of mechanisms: tree-level seesaw, Zee mechanism and Grimus-Neufeld mechanism while lepton flavor violation will be minimized by considering Yukawa aligned Higgs doublets. The setting is flexible enough to account for $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$, the Cabibbo angle anomaly and the $W$ mass deviation while avoiding dangerous CLFV.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
18. 18*

    Meson-baryon scattering lengths without annihilation diagrams to order $p^4$ in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory

    Jing Ou-Yang🇨🇳 · Ke Wang🇨🇳 · Bo-Lin Huang🇨🇳

    We calculate the threshold $T$ matrices of the meson and baryon processes that have no annihilation diagrams: ${\pi }^{+}{\Sigma }^{+}$, ${\pi }^{+}{\Xi }^0$, $K^{+}p$, $K^{+}n$, and ${\bar{K}}^0{\Xi }^0$ to the fourth order in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. By performing least squares and Bayesian fits to the non-physical lattice QCD data, we determine the low-energy constants through both perturbative and non-perturbative iterative methods. By using these low-energy constants, we obtain the physical scattering lengths in these fits. The convergence behavior is not good across all channels in the perturbative method. The scattering lengths for the five channels, obtained by taking the median values from four different fitting approaches, are $a_{{\pi }^{+}{\Sigma }^{+}}=-0.16\pm 0.07\text{fm}$, $a_{{\pi }^{+}{\Xi }^0}=-0.04\pm 0.04\text{fm}$, $a_{K^{+}p}=-0.41\pm 0.11\text{fm}$, $a_{K^{+}n}=-0.19\pm 0.10\text{fm}$, and $a_{{\bar{K}}^0{\Xi }^0}=-0.30\pm 0.07\text{fm}$, where the uncertainties are conservatively estimated by taking the maximum deviation between the median and extreme values of the statistical errors.

    hep-phhep-latnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2025)·1 citation
19. 19*

    A Common Origin of Asymmetric Self-interacting Dark Matter and Dirac Leptogenesis

    Manoranjan Dutta🇮🇳 · Nimmala Narendra🇮🇳

    Assuming dark matter to be asymmetric as well as self-interacting and neutrinos to be Dirac fermions, we propose a framework to address the observed baryon imbalance of the universe. We add three right-handed neutrinos ${\nu }_{R_i},i=1,2,3$, one singlet fermion $\chi$, a doublet fermion $\psi$, and heavy scalar doublets ${\eta }_i,i=1,2$ to the Standard Model. A global $B-L$ is imposed to protect the Dirac nature of neutrinos. Both $\chi$ and $\psi$ are fermions with non-zero charge under an extended $U(1{)}_{B-L}\times U(1{)}_D$ symmetry. Additionally, a ${\mathcal{Z}}_2$ symmetry is imposed, where the singlets $\chi$, ${\nu }_R$, and $\eta$ are negative and the doublet $\psi$ is positive. The CP-violating out-of-equilibrium decay of heavy scalar $\eta$ generates an equal and opposite $B-L$ asymmetry among the left-handed (${\nu }_L$) and right-handed (${\nu }_R$) neutrinos. The ${\nu }_L-{\nu }_R$ equilibration process does not take place until below the Electroweak phase transition scale because of tiny Yukawa couplings. During this time, Sphaleron processes, which are active at temperatures higher than 100 GeV, transform a portion of the $B-L$ asymmetry stored in left-handed neutrinos into baryon asymmetry. MeV scale gauge boson $Z^{\prime }$ of $U(1{)}_D$ sector mediates both annihilation of symmetric dark matter component and self-interaction among dark matter particles. Moreover, $Z^{\prime }$ mixes with the Standard Model Z-boson and provides a portal for dark matter direct detection.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·2 citations
20. 20*

    Revising the Mass of Light Hybrid Mesons: NLO QCD Sum Rules Point to $\varphi (2170)$ as a Prime Candidate

    Shuang-Hong Li🇨🇳 · Zhuo-Ran Huang🇨🇳 · Wei Chen🇨🇳 · Hong-Ying Jin🇨🇳

    We present a comprehensive next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD sum rule analysis for light hybrid mesons with $J^{PC}=1^{--}$, incorporating condensates up to dimension-8 and NLO corrections to the perturbative, gluon condensate, and four-quark condensate contributions. These corrections are found to be substantial and reveal the necessity of contributions beyond leading order. Employing both Laplace (LSR) and Gaussian (GSR) sum rules, our analysis predicts a mass in the conservative range of $2.1-2.4\text{GeV}$ for the light $1^{--}$ hybrid. These predictions are significantly lower than previous leading-order (LO) estimates (around $2.9\text{GeV}$) and bridge the gap between QCD sum rules and other approaches. Our findings establish the $\varphi (2170)$ resonance as a prime candidate for the light vector hybrid meson.

    hep-phJHEP(2026)·8 citations
21. 21*

    $K\to \pi {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$ transitions at leading order and beyond

    Tomáš Husek (Charles U. and Birmingham U.)🇨🇿

    The transition amplitude of a kaon to a pion and two off-shell photons is studied. First, it is computed at leading order (one-loop level) of the Chiral Perturbation Theory expansion. Explicit analytical results for the leading-order amplitude are presented, constituting the first complete calculation for the doubly off-shell case. Subsequently, it is reevaluated by employing a refined diagrammatic notation and a generic ansatz incorporating effects beyond leading order. The dependence on the underlying $K\pi PP$ vertex parameters is analyzed. This offers valuable insights into amplitude properties and allows inclusion of unitarity corrections from $K\to 3\pi$, yielding the complete $K\to \pi {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }$ amplitude structure. Both the charged and neutral channels are treated in parallel. The presented results provide crucial input for phenomenological studies of related rare decays like $K\to \pi {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}[\gamma ]$ or $K\to \pi {\ell }_1^{+}{\ell }_1^{-}{\ell }_2^{+}{\ell }_2^{-}$ and support ongoing precision measurements at experiments like NA62 at CERN. These results may also find application in other related processes, including ${\eta }^{(\prime )}$ decays.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·0 citations
22. 22*

    CaloHadronic: a diffusion model for the generation of hadronic showers

    Thorsten Buss🇩🇪 · Frank Gaede🇩🇪 · Gregor Kasieczka🇩🇪 · Anatolii Korol🇩🇪 · Katja Krüger🇩🇪 · Peter McKeown🇨🇭 · Martina Mozzanica🇩🇪

    Simulating showers of particles in highly-granular calorimeters is a key frontier in the application of machine learning to particle physics. Achieving high accuracy and speed with generative machine learning models can enable them to augment traditional simulations and alleviate a major computing constraint. Recent developments have shown how diffusion based generative shower simulation approaches that do not rely on a fixed structure, but instead generate geometry-independent point clouds, are very efficient. We present a transformer-based extension to previous architectures which were developed for simulating electromagnetic showers in the highly granular electromagnetic calorimeter of the International Large Detector, ILD. The attention mechanism now allows us to generate complex hadronic showers with more pronounced substructure across both the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters. This is the first time that machine learning methods are used to holistically generate showers across the electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter in highly granular imaging calorimeter systems.

    ↳ physics.ins-detcs.LGhep-exhep-ph+1JINST(2026)·15 citations
23. 23*

    Bounds on the minimum orbital period in the background of 5-dimensional charged black holes

    Yan Peng🇨🇳

    In this paper, we study the upper and lower bounds on the minimum orbital period of 5-dimensional charged black holes. Our results indicate that the upper bound of the minimum orbital period corresponds to non-charged black holes, while the lower bound is achieved in the case of maximally charged black holes. We further establish precise analytical expressions for the upper and lower bounds of the minimum orbital period. Our findings provide valuable insights into 5-dimensional charged black holes and help constrain theoretical gravity models.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phmath-phmath.MP1 citation
24. 24*

    Kinetic theories: from curved space to flat space

    Shu Lin🇨🇳

    We generalize the equivalence between off-equilibrium state and gravitational perturbation of equilibrium state from dynamics of macroscopic quantities to that of microscopic particles. We also generalize the equivalence to incorporate off-equilibrium state with vorticity by torsional perturbation to equilibrium state. The equivalence is achieved by mapping kinetic theories of spinless and spinning particles in torsional curved space to flat space through suitable choice of inertial frame that eliminates geodesic forces on particles. The equivalence has been shown for hydrodynamic and elastic regimes. In the latter case, we predict spin polarization induced by time-variation of shear strain in elastic materials. We also provide an order-of-magnitude estimate for the polarization in Dirac semi-metal.

    ↳ nucl-thcond-mat.mes-hallgr-qchep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
25. 25*

    Updated constraints on Regge-Teitelboim gravity

    S. R. Pinto🇵🇹 · C. J. A. P. Martins🇵🇹

    In the Regge-Teitelboim model, gravity is described by embedding the space-time manifold in a (usually flat) fixed higher-dimensional background, where the embedding coordinates, rather than the metric tensor, are the dynamical degrees of freedom. Stern \& Xu extended the Regge-Teitelboim framework to encompass scenarios where the background embedding space is not flat, noting that when the background is a five-dimensional de Sitter space, the Robertson-Walker manifold undergoes a transition from a decelerating phase to an accelerating one. Previously, we constrained this model using only low-redshift observations. Here we further explore the observational constraints on this scenario, and report significantly more stringent constraints by including high-redshift data, specifically from the cosmic microwave background. Our results are consistent with $\Lambda$CDM, with the putative model-specific energy component responsible for the recent acceleration being constrained to ${\Omega }_{RT}<0.006$ and the de Sitter curvature radius in units of the Hubble constant being constrained to $L{H}_0>1.45$, both at the 95 percent confidence level.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
26. 26*

    In-In EFT

    Namit Mahajan🇮🇳

    The effective field theory (EFT) construction when the objects of interest are the In-In (or real time) correlators rather than the In-Out S-matrix elements is constructed. This is done using the formal equivalence between the In-In and In-Out correlation functions, and demanding that the EFT and the full theory provide the same answers for the In-In correlation functions. Matching coefficients for a simple example are provided including for operators with two or more space or time derivatives. It is also pointed out that the Schrodinger representation of QFT captures some of the desired features of these calculations in a natural way and may actually serve as a link between these calculations and the broader amplitude programme.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2026)·2 citations
27. 27*

    Nucleon-Quark Diquark-exchange Interaction

    Th.A. Rijken🇳🇱

    In this note the nucleon-quark diquark-exchange interaction is derived using the Feynman-propagator for axial-vector diquark (D) exchange. The Feynman diquark propagator is derived and the result is a (-)-sign difference w.r.t. quark-antiquark exchange. This is due to the (-)-sign for a closed fermion loop, present in for example vector and axial-vector quark-antiquark exchange, but absent in the case of D-exchange. The calculations in these notes follow closely those for vacuum polarisation in the literature. Taking into account that the diquark D is a color \left{\bar{3}_c\right\}-state giving a factor +2. The result is an effective axial-vector diquark propagator. Application to $QN\to NQ$ gives a repulsive potential, which has been used in mixed nuclear-quark matter calculation.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
28. 28*

    S-wave flavor-singlet meson mixing in QCD with light and charm quarks

    Juan Andrés Urrea-Niño🇩🇪 · Jacob Finkenrath🇨🇭 · Roman Höllwieser🇩🇪 · Francesco Knechtli🇩🇪 · Tomasz Korzec🇩🇪 · Michael Peardon🇮🇪

    We investigate the mixing between flavor-singlet light meson and charmonium operators in the S-wave channels, i.e. pseudo-scalar and vector channel, at two different pion masses. We measure statistically significant non-zero correlations between operators with different quark content corresponding to off-diagonal entries of a flavor-singlet mixing correlation matrix. By solving a GEVP we extract the low-lying energy spectrum and compare it with the one obtained by the different types of operators separately. We also calculate the overlaps between the states created by different operators and the energy eigenstates of the theory and find that all types of operators contribute to resolve the states of interest.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·6 citations
29. 29*

    Multimessenger Emission from Very-High-Energy Black Hole-Jet Systems in the Milky Way

    Jose Carpio🇺🇸 · Ali Kheirandish🇺🇸 · Bing Zhang🇺🇸

    Microquasars, compact binary systems with an accreting stellar-mass black hole or neutron star, are promising candidates for high-energy particle acceleration. Recently, the LHAASO collaboration reported on the detection of $>100$ TeV $\gamma$-ray emission from five microquasars, suggesting that these sources are efficient particle accelerators. In microquasars, high-energy $\gamma$-rays can be produced in large-scale jets or winds. In this work, we explore the X-ray, $\gamma$-ray and neutrino emission from SS 433, V4641 Sgr and GRS 1905+105. We consider leptonic and hadronic scenarios to explain the spectra observed by LHAASO and other high-energy $\gamma$-ray detectors. We estimate the neutrino flux associated with the hadronic component and investigate the detectability of neutrinos from these sources in current and future neutrino telescopes. We find that among the three sources, V4641 Sgr has the best prospects of observation with a combined next-generation neutrino telescopes.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJHEAp(2026)·11 citations

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