HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Mon·Jun 23, 2025Monday·June 23, 2025

21 papers—12 primary·9 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
Enhanced extragalactic photon flux by PBH in a stimulated axion/ALP decay scenario
Yadir Garnica🇲🇽 · J. Barranco🇲🇽 · Luis A. Ureña-López🇲🇽
In this work, we show that stimulated decay of axions or axion-like particles in black hole superradiance is an efficient way to find and hunt primordial black holes. When de Broglie's wavelength of the axion/ALP is comparable or larger than the black hole horizon radius, a large population of such particles accumulates in the surroundings of the black hole. When these axions/ALPs couple to photons, the bosonic cloud decays into photon pairs, generating intense stimulated radiation emission that contributes to the X-ray, visible light, and radio wave background flux that can exceed current observational limits measured at Earth. If the masses are in the interval of $1 0^{- 3} eV < μ < 1 eV$ , to be consistent with current observations of microwave background light, we found that the fraction of primordial black holes should be smaller than $f_{P B H} < 1 0^{- 17}$ for PBHs with masses within $1 0^{- 13} M_{⊙} < M_{B H} < 1 0^{- 7} M_{⊙}$ .
hep-phgr-qcNPB(2026)·0 citations
02*
Sensitivity of Heavy Higgs Boson to the Precision Yukawa Coupling Measurements at Higgs Factories
Kamal Maayergi🇺🇸 · Devin G. E. Walker🇺🇸 · Michael E. Peskin🇺🇸
We investigate the potential of precision Higgs boson coupling measurements to discover heavy Higgs bosons by performing scans of the parameter space in Two-Higgs-Doublet Models (2HDM). Our study encompasses conventional Type I and Type II models, as well as models in which Higgs couplings differ between the third generation and lighter fermion generations. The scans reveal that precision measurements at the sensitivity levels projected for Higgs factories, such as Linear Collider Facility (LCF) and the FCC-ee at CERN and the CEPC in China, are capable of probing heavy Higgs boson masses in the multi-TeV range, with sensitivity extending beyond 5 TeV in certain scenarios. In particular, the precise determination of the charm quark Yukawa coupling at Higgs factories provides a powerful test of the hypothesis that the fermion mass hierarchy arises from an extended Higgs sector with different Higgs fields coupling to the different generations of fermions.
hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
03*
Non-Universal Flipped Trinification Models with Arbitrary $β$
Richard H. Benavides🇨🇴 · Yithsbey Giraldo🇨🇴 · Eduardo Rojas🇨🇴
We explore the recently proposed gauge symmetry $ SU(3)_C \otimes SU(3)_L \otimes SU(3)_R \otimes U(1)_X $, which naturally embeds both the Left-Right symmetric model and the 3-3-1 model as subgroups. Within this unified framework, we propose four families of leptons and quarks. A detailed analysis of their contributions to gauge anomaly cancellation is carried out for a general value of the parameter $β$ . From this analysis, eight non-universal anomaly-free three-family models and four non-universal two-family anomaly free sets were identified. The three-family models offer realistic extensions of the Standard Model, retaining several appealing features of the 3-3-1 models, while the two-family sets provide flexibility for constructing models with even numbers of families. We also report LHC bounds on the $Z^{'}$ mass for the particular case $β = - 1/ 3$ , considering all possible combinations of lepton and quark families. These limits exhibit a strong dependence on the mixing parameter $θ$ , which enters the couplings of Standard Model fermions to the $Z^{'}$ boson.
hep-phEPJC(2025)·0 citations
04*
Radiative lepton seesaw model in a non-invertible fusion rule and gauged $B - L$ symmetry
Takaaki Nomura🇨🇳 · Hiroshi Okada🇨🇳
We propose a radiative lepton seesaw model with the $Z_{3}$ Tambara-Yamagami fusion rule and gauged $B - L$ symmetry. The heavier right-handed neutral fermions ( $N_{R}$ ) simultaneously contribute to the masses of charged-leptons and neutrinos, and three families of $N_{R}$ are necessary in realizing realistic mass matrices. On the other hand, we introduce a gauged $B - L$ symmetry to preserve the lepton seesaw mechanism. As a result, this gauged symmetry not only assures the three families of $N_{R}$ from view point of chiral gauge anomaly cancellation, but also provides a dominant annihilation cross section via Higgs portal in order to explain the correct relic density of dark matter. Finally, we show several numerical results satisfying the neutrino oscillation data, lepton flavor violations, muon $g - 2$ , and relic density of dark matter.
hep-ph22 citations
05*
Photoproduction of doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$ via photon-gluon fusion at ILC and CLIC
Juan-Juan Niu🇨🇳 · Hong-Hao Ma🇨🇳
The photoproduction of doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$ is predicted through the resolved channel $γ + g \to\to ⟨ cc ⟩ [n] + c ˉ + c ˉ \to T_{cc} + c ˉ + c ˉ$ at ILC and CLIC. At $e^{+} e^{-}$ colliders, the initial photons $γ$ can be produced from two primary sources, well-delineated within the $W e i z a ¨ c k er$ Williams approximation (WWA) and the laser back-scattering (LBS). And the initial gluon can be emitted from the photon. The spin and color quantum number $[n]$ of the intermediate diquark configuration can be $⟨ cc ⟩ [^{3} S_{1}]_{3 ˉ}$ . Then its nonperturbative hadronization to $T_{cc}$ was discussed in the phenomenological potential models. Finally, the differential distributions and theoretical uncertainty of the doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$ were analyzed. The conclusion is that it is promising to observe $T_{cc}$ via the resolved channel of photoproduction both at the ILC and CLIC, and the results have a strong dependence on the mass of constituent charm quark $m_{c}$ and the potential model.
hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
06*
Inclusive quasielastic (anti-)neutrino nucleus scattering within the Standard Model and beyond
E. Hernández🇪🇸 · J. Nieves🇪🇸 · J.E. Sobczyk🇸🇪
We derive fully general expressions for the inclusive (anti-)neutrino-induced nuclear quasielastic production of a strange or charmed baryon $Y$ , considering all dimension-six new physics operators relevant to the semileptonic $q \to q^{'} ℓ ν_{ℓ}$ transition with both left- and right-handed neutrino fields. We illustrate the formalism by applying it to the $Λ_{c}$ production in neutrino nucleus scattering. The nuclear response is computed using a state-of-the-art {\it ab initio} spectral function, based on realistic nuclear many-body wavefunctions obtained via coupled-cluster method and a nuclear Hamiltonian derived from chiral effective field theory. We also highlight the role played by the final state interactions between the produced $Y$ hyperon and the residual nuclear system, which can obscure potential new physics signals in this (anti-)neutrino nucleus reaction. Our results improve upon previous studies that neglected nuclear corrections and uncertainties -- effects we show to be comparable to, or even larger than, those expected from new physics.
hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·1 citation
07*
Low-Energy Supernova Constraints on Lepton Flavor Violating Axions
Zi-Miao Huang🇨🇳 · Zuowei Liu🇨🇳
The extreme conditions within the supernova core, a high-temperature and high-density environment, create an ideal laboratory for the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Of particular interest are low-energy supernovae, characterized by their low explosion energies, which place strong constraints on the new-physics energy transfer from the core to the mantle. We compute low-energy supernova constraints on lepton-flavor-violating axions and axion-like particles that couple to both electrons and muons. For axion mass above the muon mass, the electron-muon coalescence and the axion decay are dominant production and reabsorption processes, respectively. We find that the low-energy supernovae provide the most stringent constraints on the axions in the mass range of $\sim (110, 550)$ MeV, probing the coupling constant down to $g_{a e μ} ≃ O (1 0^{- 11})$ .
hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEJHEP(2025)·9 citations
08*
Axion contribution to the mass-radius relation of neutron stars
Momchil Naydenov🇧🇬 · Alberto Salvio🇮🇹
An effective Lagrangian for the interaction between a pseudo-scalar (axion-like) field and massive fermions is considered. At high density and non-zero temperature axions can be produced through bremsstrahlung. If the axion-neutron interaction is greater than a certain value we can have a mean free path smaller than the size of a neutron star. The influence of such trapped axions on the mass-radius function of the neutron star is investigated by solving numerically the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations. We show that causality limits the applicability of the trapping regime. We find specific ranges of central densities and temperatures of a neutron star for which axions give a conspicuous contribution to the neutron-star mass. For other densities and temperatures axions do not have a significant effect on the structure of a neutron star. Since we use an effective approach our results can be easily applied to specific axion models.
hep-ph1 citation
09*
Unification and Texture Universality: The Essence of Hermiticity
Pralay Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Subhankar Roy🇮🇳
A unified framework sheltering the type-I Dirac seesaw, based on the $Δ (27)$ group supplemented by other cyclic symmetries is proposed, preserving the naturalness of Yukawa couplings. It helps to visualize mass matrices within the lepton and quark sectors in terms of \textit{three universal parameters}: $Σ_{1}$ , $Σ_{2}$ , and $Σ_{3}$ , highlighting that the down-type quark and light neutrino mass matrices exhibit a \textit{Hermitian} texture. Several phenomenological aspects, such as lepton flavour violation and nonunitarity of the lepton mixing matrix are explored. The stability of the proposed texture under renormalization group evolution is also investigated.
hep-phJ.Phys.G(2026)·2 citations
10*
Theoretical modeling of QCD radiation in off-shell Higgs production through gluon fusion
Rafael Coelho Lopes de Sá🇺🇸 · Martina Javurkova🇺🇸 · Matteo Lazzeretti🇮🇹 · Raoul Röntsch🇮🇹
The measurement of the Higgs boson width is a critical test of the Standard Model, with significant implications for understanding electroweak symmetry breaking. Direct measurements are limited by detector resolution, but it can be measured with greater precision through a combined analysis of on-shell and off-shell Higgs boson production. While results for on-shell production have been computed to a very high accuracy, theoretical predictions for off-shell Higgs boson production are not as well controlled due to the breakdown of the heavy-top approximation and the large interference with non-resonant amplitudes. Seeking to understand and improve the theoretical control, we compare leading-order and next-to-leading-order plus parton shower differential cross-sections for signal, background, and full physical processes in off-shell Higgs boson production at the Large Hadron Collider, using Powheg, MadGraph, and Sherpa. We analyze the impact of higher-order quantum chromodynamics effects and theoretical uncertainties, highlighting differences between predictions using jet merging with parton showers, and those from next-to-leading order computations matched to parton showers. The results provide insights for improving theoretical predictions and their application to experimental measurements in the future.
hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.Comm.Rep.(2025)·0 citations
11*
Soft and semihard components of multiplicity distributions in the $k_{T}$ factorization approach
H. R. Martins-Fontes🇧🇷 · F. S. Navarra🇧🇷
Particle production in hadronic collisions can be studied in the low-momentum (soft) and high-momentum (hard) transfer regimes. While the latter can be well understood with in perturbative QCD the former contains non-perturbative effects which cannot be calculated from first principles. There is also an intermediate regime called semihard, in which the momentum transfer runs typically from $1$ to $10$ GeV. As the hadron-hadron collision energy increases, we expect to see a relative growth of the number of semihard events. It has been conjectured that this growth would be the cause of some changes observed in the multiplicity distributions measured in proton - proton collisions. In this note we revisit the separation between soft and semihard events using the formalism of $k_{T}$ factorization. The separation is implemented through the introduction of a scale that is the cutoff $Λ$ in the transverse momentum of the produced gluon and allows us to compute the average number of particles produced in each regime. These numbers are used as input in the double negative binomial fit of data, from which we can extract correlations between the fraction of semihard events and the violation of KNO scaling.
hep-phPRD(2025)·6 citations
12*
Magnetic Levitation as a New Probe of Non-Newtonian Gravity
Dorian W. P. Amaral🇺🇸 · Tim M. Fuchs🇬🇧 · Hendrik Ulbricht🇬🇧 · Christopher D. Tunnell🇺🇸
We present MORRIS (Magnetic Oscillatory Resonator for Rare-Interaction Studies) and propose the first tabletop search for non-Newtonian gravity due to a Yukawa-like fifth force using a magnetically levitated particle. Our experiment comprises a levitated sub-millimeter magnet in a superconducting trap that is driven by a time-periodic source. Featuring short-, medium-, and long-term stages, MORRIS will admit increasing sensitivities to the force coupling strength $α$ , optimally probing screening lengths of $λ \sim 1 mm$ . Our short-term setup provides a proof-of-principle study, with our medium- and long-term stages respectively constraining $α ≲ 1 0^{- 4}$ and $α ≲ 1 0^{- 5}$ , leading over existing bounds. Our projections are readily recastable to concrete models predicting the existence of fifth forces, and our statistical analysis is generally applicable to well-characterized sinusoidal driving forces. By leveraging ultralow dissipation and heavy test masses, MORRIS opens a new window onto tests of small-scale gravity and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.
hep-phgr-qchep-exquant-phPRD(2026)·7 citations
13*
Obtaining continuum physics from dynamical simulations of Hamiltonian lattice gauge theories
Christopher F. Kane🇺🇸 · Siddharth Hariprakash🇺🇸 · Christian W. Bauer🇺🇸
Taking the continuum limit is essential for extracting physical observables from quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories. Achieving the correct continuum limit requires careful control of all systematic uncertainties, including those arising from approximate implementations of the time evolution operator. In this work, we review existing approaches based on renormalization techniques, and point out their limitations. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a new general framework -- the Statistically-Bounded Time Evolution (SBTE) protocol -- for rigorously controlling the impact of approximate time evolution on the continuum limit. The central insight is that, since exact time evolution introduces no UV divergences, errors from approximate evolution can be treated as a source of systematic uncertainty that can be neglected if reduced below the working statistical uncertainty. We show that, using the SBTE protocol, which prescribes driving the approximate time evolution error below the working statistical uncertainty, leads to a simplified renormalization procedure. Furthermore, we show that, due to the existence of rigorous error bounds, one can guarantee a priori that such errors are negligible and do not affect the continuum limit. Ultimately, our protocol lays the foundation for performing systematic and fair comparisons between different simulation algorithms for lattice gauge theory simulations.
↳ hep-lathep-phquant-ph13 citations
14*
Chiral Invariant Mass Constraints from HESS J1731 347 in an Extended Parity Doublet Model with Isovector Scalar Meson
Yuk-Kei Kong🇯🇵 · Bikai Gao🇯🇵 · Masayasu Harada🇯🇵
The recent discovery of a central compact object (CCO) within the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347, with mass $0.7 7_{- 0.17}^{+ 0.20} M_{⊙}$ and radius $10. 4_{- 0.78}^{+ 0.86}$ km is the lightest and smallest compact object ever observed. We identify it as an ultra-light Neutron star (NS) and constrain the chiral invariant mass of nucleon $m_{0}$ from the observational data of NS using an extended parity doublet model with including the isovector scalar meson $a_{0} (980)$ . We study the higher order asymmertic matter properties such as the symmetry incompressibility $K_{sy m}$ and the symmetry skewness $Q_{sy m}$ in the presence of $a_{0}$ meson. We find that $K_{sy m}$ and $Q_{sy m}$ is sensitive to the chiral invariant mass of nucleon $m_{0}$ in the presence of $a_{0}$ meson. We show that the equation of state in the present model satisfies all observational constraints within $2 σ$ credible region including the HESS J1731-347 observation, as well as the constraint from $K_{sy m}$ when $740 MeV ≲ m_{0} ≲ 860 MeV$ for $L_{0} =$ 57.7 MeV. Yet, the $1 σ$ constraint from neutron stars appears to be not fully compatible with the constraint from $K_{sy m}$ from the present model.
↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-phUniverse(2025)·12 citations
15*
Massless monopole-string-domain wall fermions and polyhedral vacuum fermions
Minoru Eto🇯🇵 · Yuito Suzuki🇯🇵
Fermion zero modes of Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield monopole-string-domain wall composites in three spatial dimensions are studied. We analytically solve the Dirac equation and prove the existence of one fermion zero mode. Depending on mass parameters of bosons/fermions in the model, the zero modes are localized either on the monopoles, strings or domain walls, which we call monopole-string-domain wall fermions. We also show that in special cases, the zero modes can be confined within a finite vacuum region in the shape of an arbitrary convex polyhedron, which we call the polyhedral vacuum fermions. Furthermore, we show that fermionic superconducting currents do not generally flow on the host solitons except for the cases that the soliton network consists only of strings and domain walls and has translational symmetry about a spatial axis.
↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2025)·0 citations
16*
Parton Distributions on a Quantum Computer
Jiunn-Wei Chen🇹🇼 · Yu-Ting Chen🇹🇼 · Ghanashyam Meher🇹🇼
We perform the first quantum computation of parton distribution function (PDF) with a real quantum device by calculating the PDF of the lightest positronium in the Schwinger model with IBM quantum computers. The calculation uses 10 qubits for staggered fermions at five spatial sites and one ancillary qubit. The most critical and challenging step is to reduce the number of two-qubit gate depths to around 500 so that sensible results start to emerge. The resulting lightcone correlators have excellent agreement with the classical simulator result in central values, although the error is still large. Compared with classical approaches, quantum computation has the advantage of not being limited in the accessible range of parton momentum fraction $x$ due to renormalon ambiguity, and the difficulty of accessing non-valence partons. A PDF calculation with 3+1 dimensional QCD near $x = 0$ or $x = 1$ will be a clear demonstration of the quantum advantage on a problem with great scientific impact.
↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thquant-ph19 citations
17*
Kinetic coupling and dark matter on the lattice
K. Farakos🇬🇷 · V. Iconomou🇬🇷 · G. Koutsoumbas🇬🇷
We study a $U (1) \otimes U (1)$ system coupled to scalar fields. Initially the model is studied in a novel continuum formulation and study of the appropriate diagonalizations is performed. Three models are examined, in two of which the scalar field couples with both gauge fields while in the third one the scalar field couples only to the dark photon. The model is then treated on a space-time lattice. We determine the phase diagram for various values of the kinetic coupling parameter. Then there follows the determination of masses for the scalar fields and the massive gauge fields, as well as the fine structure constants for the massless gauge fields.
↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·1 citation
18*
Probing dynamical axion quasiparticles with two-photon correlations
Daniel Boyanovsky🇺🇸
Dynamical axion (quasi) particles are emergent collective excitations in topological magnetic insulators that break parity and time reversal invariance or in Weyl semimetals. They couple to electromagnetism via a topological Chern-Simons term, leading to their decay into two photons. We extend the Weisskopf-Wigner formulation of atomic spontaneous emission to the quantum field theory of dynamical axion quasiparticles, allowing us to obtain the quantum two-photon state emerging from axion decay in real time. This state features \emph{hyperentanglement} in momentum and polarization with a distinct polarization pattern, a consequence of the parity and time reversal breaking of the axion-photon interaction. Polarization aspects of this two-photon state are studied by introducing quantum Stokes operators. Whereas the two-photon quantum state features vanishing \emph{averages} of the degree of polarization and polarization asymmetry, there are non-trivial momentum correlations of the Stokes operators. In particular momentum correlations of the \emph{polarization asymmetry} can be obtained directly from coincident momentum and polarization resolved two photon detection. Correlations of Stokes operators are directly related to momentum and polarization resolved Hanbury-Brown Twiss second order coherences. This relationship suggests two-photon correlations as a direct probe of dynamical axion quasiparticles. Similarities and differences with parametrically down converted photons and other systems where spontaneous emission yield hyperentangled two photon states are recognized, suggesting experimental avenues similar to tests of Bell inequalities to probe dynamical axion quasiparticles with coincident two photon detection.
↳ cond-mat.otherhep-phhep-thquant-phPRB(2025)·3 citations
19*
Lattice QCD study of the $χ_{c 1} \to J / ψ γ$ decay
D. Bečirević🇫🇷 · R. Di Palma🇮🇹 · R. Frezzotti🇮🇹 · G. Gagliardi🇮🇹 · V. Lubicz🇮🇹 · F. Sanfilippo🇮🇹 · N. Tantalo🇮🇹
We present the results of our lattice QCD computation of the electric ( $E_{1}$ ) and magnetic $(M_{2})$ form factors relevant to the $χ_{c 1} \to J / ψ γ$ decay by using the gauge field configurations produced by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration with $N_{f} = 2 + 1 + 1$ dynamical Wilson-Clover twisted mass fermions at four different lattice spacings with physical dynamical $u$ , $d$ , $s$ and $c$ quark masses (except for the coarsest lattice for which the lightest sea quark corresponds to a pion with $m_{π} ≃ 175 MeV$ ). In the continuum limit, we obtain $Γ (χ_{c 1} \to J / ψ γ) = 0.3265 (79) MeV$ , which agrees to $(1 \div 2) σ$ with the experimental results and disagrees with a previous (unquenched) lattice QCD calculation. Our result for the magnetic quadrupole fractional transition amplitude, $a_{2} = M_{2} / E_{1}^{2} + M_{2}^{2} = - 0.0666 (22)$ , is in agreement with the experiment and represents an improvement by a factor of about $30$ with respect to the only existing (quenched) lattice QCD result.
↳ hep-lathep-phPLB(2025)·3 citations
20*
Axion electrodynamics of Weyl superconductors with broken time-reversal symmetry
Vira Shyta🇩🇪 · Jeroen van den Brink🇩🇪 · Flavio S. Nogueira🇩🇪
The low-energy effective description of Weyl semimetals is defined by the axion electrodynamics, which captures the effects arising due to the presence of nodes of opposite chirality in the electronic structure. Here we explore the magnetoelectric response of time-reversal breaking (TRB) Weyl superconductors in the London regime. The influence of the axion contribution leads to an increase in the London penetration depth $-$ a behavior that can be anticipated by first considering the photon spectrum of a TRB Weyl semimetal. Moreover, we find that both the Meissner state and the vortex phase feature an interplay between the electric and magnetic fields. This leads to a nonvanishing electromagnetic angular momentum, which we calculate for a number of geometrical configurations.
↳ cond-mat.supr-conhep-phhep-thPRB(2025)·2 citations
21*
Qumode Tensor Networks for False Vacuum Decay in Quantum Field Theory
Steven Abel🇬🇧 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧 · Simon Williams🇬🇧
False vacuum decay in scalar quantum field theory (QFT) is a cornerstone of early Universe cosmology and high energy physics, yet its real-time dynamics is essentially inaccessible to classical computation due to its non-perturbative, highly entangled dynamics. We introduce a general Hamiltonian framework for simulating full interacting QFTs, using a spatial lattice of continuos-variable ``qumodes'' -- bosonic local oscillators whose high-dimensional local Hilbert space faithfully captures interacting field dynamics. This construction is rooted in continuous-variable quantum computing (CVQC), and provides a unified platform spanning efficient classical tensor-network methods and emerging photonic quantum hardware. The first key advance of this work is a robust and scaleable method for preparing the QFT in its correct initial vacuum state. We develop an imaginary-time preparation algorithm tailored to qumode lattices, that efficiently projects onto the vacuum even in strongly coupled regimes. This provides a controllable starting point for studying nonperturbative dynamics such as tunnelling and real-time decay. Building on this, we use a time-evolving block decimation algorithm to capture the real-time dynamics of the scalar field. Our second key advance is the identification and excitation of the negative fluctuation mode of the bounce configuration on the qumode lattice. A small displacement along this mode produces the expected tachyonic growth, driving fully coherent bubble nucleation without requiring classically supercritical seeds. This demonstrates that the qumode lattice captures non-perturbative quantum dynamics that lie beyond the classical treatments. Our results establish the qumode network as a scalable framework for non-equilibrium scalar QFT phenomena and pave the way for higher-dimensional studies and continuous-variable quantum computing implementations.
↳ quant-phhep-lathep-phhep-th13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.