Fri·Jun 20, 2025Friday·June 20, 2025

1. 01*

   Flavor-Dependent Entanglement Entropy in the Veneziano Limit from Light-Front Holographic QCD

   Fidele J. Twagirayezu🇺🇸

   We introduce a novel application of light-front holographic QCD (LFHQCD) to compute the flavor-dependent entanglement entropy of QCD subsystems in the Veneziano limit ($N_c,N_f\to \infty$, $\lambda =N_f/N_c$ fixed), probing quantum correlations in confined and quark-gluon plasma (QGP) phases. Our model extends the soft-wall LFHQCD framework with a lattice-constrained, flavor-modified dilaton potential, $\varphi (z)={\kappa }^2{z}^2+\lambda {\varphi }_f(z)$, and flavor-specific scalar fields to capture distinct light and heavy quark contributions. Using a Ryu-Takayanagi-like prescription adapted to light-front coordinates, we calculate the entanglement entropy $S_A$ for spatial and flavor subsystems as a function of $\lambda$, temperature $T$, and chemical potential $\mu$. The approach leverages LFHQCD's real-time dynamics to reveal flavor-driven entanglement asymmetries, particularly near confinement/deconfinement transitions. Results are benchmarked against lattice QCD data and linked to heavy-ion collision observables, such as multiplicity fluctuations and two-particle correlations at RHIC and LHC. This work pioneers the study of quantum information in LFHQCD, offering unique insights into QCD's quantum structure and testable predictions for QGP dynamics, distinct from existing holographic models.

   hep-phhep-thFew Body Syst.(2026)·2 citations
2. 02*

   The quantum criticality of the Standard Model and the hierarchy problem

   Juan P. Garcés🇩🇪 · Florian Goertz🇩🇪 · Manfred Lindner🇩🇪 · Álvaro Pastor-Gutiérrez🇩🇪

   The naturalness principle has long guided efforts to understand physics beyond the Standard Model, with the hierarchy problem as the central issue. We revisit the role of quantum corrections in the fine-tuning of the low-energy effective description and its phase structure. We implement, for the first time in this context, the full Standard Model within the Wilsonian functional renormalization group. Crucially, this method captures conveniently both logarithmic and quadratic scalings, which must both be considered in the tuning, and allows us to provide a new generic and quantitative study of fine-tuning and its interpretation in terms of critical phenomena. We emphasize on the connection between the hierarchy problem and the near-criticality of the Standard Model and extract scheme-independent information on the infrared Higgs phases and the associated quantum phase transition as well as discuss a related enhanced fine-tuning usually not considered in tuning estimates. Finally, we illustrate the framework's versatility by exploring new physics coupled to the Higgs sector that can soften high-scale sensitivity, recovering also the large-anomalous-dimension solution to the hierarchy problem.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·9 citations
3. 03*

   Nucleon Tomography with 0-jettiness

   Shen Fang🇨🇳 · Shuo Lin🇨🇳 · Ding Yu Shao🇨🇳 · Jian Zhou🇨🇳

   We propose a novel strategy to systematically isolate the nucleon's intrinsic non-perturbative three-dimensional structure by employing 0-jettiness to suppress initial-state radiation in transverse-momentum-dependent observables. Applying this method to transverse single spin asymmetries (SSAs) in $W^{\pm }$ and $Z^0$ boson production at RHIC, we demonstrate a substantial enhancement of the asymmetry signal (e.g., by $115\%$ for $W^{-}$ SSA at $q_{\perp }=5$ GeV). We show that this enhancement yields a substantial net gain in experimental sensitivity -- even after accounting for the statistical cost of the veto -- facilitating a more definitive test of the predicted Sivers function sign change. We further explore its applicability to spin-dependent measurements at the Electron-Ion Collider. Our analysis is formulated within a joint resummation framework that systematically resums large logarithms associated with both the veto scale and the gauge boson's transverse momentum.

   hep-phPRL(2026)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Smooth hybrid inflation in light of ACT DR6 data

   Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸 · Osamu Seto🇯🇵

   Smooth hybrid inflation is a hybrid inflation model which is free from topological defects and predicts the density perturbation with the spectral index of about $0.97$. We show that the prediction on the spectral index is robust regardless the power of nonrenormalizable terms and meets with the latest results reported by Atacama Cosmology Telescope. Viable scenarios for baryogenesis and dark matter are also discussed.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·24 citations
5. 05*

   Light-cone sum rules analysis of the semi-leptonic $D_s^{+}\to f_0(980)(\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})e^{+}{\nu }_e$ decay incorporating $f_0(980)$ mixing state twist-2 distribution amplitudes

   Dan-Dan Hu🇨🇳 · Xing-Gang Wu🇨🇳 · Hai-Jiang Tian🇨🇳 · Tao Zhong🇨🇳 · Hai-Bing Fu🇨🇳

   The isospin-singlet scalar meson $f_0(980)$ is hypothesized to consist of two energy eigenstates, forming a mixture of $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(\bar{u}u+\bar{d}d)$ and $\bar{s}s$. Building on this framework, we apply the QCD sum rules approach in the background field theory to compute the $f_0(980)$ decay constant, yielding $f_{f_0}({\mu }_0=1\text{GeV})=0.386\pm 0.009\text{GeV}$. Subsequently, we derive the first two $\xi$-moments of the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitude ${\varphi }_{2;f_0}$. Using QCD light-cone sum rules, we then calculate the $D_s^{+}\to f_0(980)$ transition form factor (TFF) $f_{+}(q^2)$, obtaining $f_{+}(0)=0.516_{-0.024}^{+0.027}$ at the large-recoil point. We extend $f_{+}(q^2)$ to the full physical region via a simplified series expansion parameterization, enabling calculations of the differential decay widths and the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(D_s^{+}\to f_0(980)(\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-})e^{+}{\nu }_e)=(1.783_{-0.189}^{+0.227})\times 10^{-3}$. Our theoretical predictions align well with the latest BESIII Collaboration measurements within reasonable errors.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Bound Deuteron-Antideuteron System (Deuteronium): Leading Radiative and Internal-Structure Corrections to Bound-State Energies

   G. S. Adkins🇺🇸 · U. D. Jentschura🇺🇸

   We evaluate the energy levels of the deuteronium bound system, which consists of a deuteron and an antideuteron, with a special emphasis on states with nonvanishing orbital angular momenta. The excited atomic bound states of deuteronium constitute probes for the understanding of higher-order quantum electrodynamic corrections for spin-1 particles in a bound system where the typical field strength of the binding Coulomb field (at a distance of the generalized Bohr radius) exceeds Schwinger's critical field strength. For states with nonvanishing angular momenta, effects due to the internal structure of the deuteron and virtual annihilation contributions are highly suppressed. Relevant transitions are found to be in a frequency range accessible by standard laser spectroscopic techniques. We evaluate the leading and next-to-leading energy corrections of orders alpha^3 m_d and alpha^4 m_d , where alpha is the fine-structure constant and m_d is the deuteron mass, and also investigate internal-structure corrections: hadronic vacuum polarization, finite-size effects, and strong-interaction corrections.

   hep-phnucl-thPRResearch(2025)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Extraction of jet-medium interaction details through jet substructure for inclusive and gamma-tagged jets

   Y. Tachibana · C. Sirimanna · A. Majumder · A. Angerami · R. Arora · S. A. Bass · Y. Chen · R. Datta · L. Du · R. Ehlers · H. Elfner · R. J. Fries and 40 other authors

   We present a comprehensive study of jet substructure modifications in high-energy heavy-ion collisions using both inclusive jets and $\gamma$-tagged jets, based on a multi-stage jet evolution model within the Monte Carlo framework JETSCAPE. To investigate hard parton splittings inside jets, we focus on Soft Drop observables. Our results for the groomed splitting radius and groomed jet mass distributions of inclusive jets show a slight narrowing compared to proton-proton baselines. We demonstrate that this apparent narrowing is primarily a selection bias from energy loss, rather than a direct modification of the splitting structure, by analyzing $\gamma$-tagged jets, where such bias is eliminated or significantly reduced. We also show that quark jets exhibit genuine modifications in their splitting structure, which is not seen in gluon jets. These effects are clearly visible in the substructure of $\gamma$-tagged jets, which are dominated by quark jets, but are not apparent for inclusive jets. This demonstrates that $\gamma$-tagged jets offer a powerful probe of medium-induced modifications to the hard splitting structure of jets.

   hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·1 citation
8. 08*

   Pion Valence Structure at Intermediate x in the Residual Field Approach

   Joseph Maerovitz🇺🇸 · Christopher Leon🇺🇸 · Misak Sargsian🇺🇸

   We calculate the valence parton distribution function~(PDF) of pion, within the theoretical approach based on spectral function representation of valence quarks in the pion. In this approach we assume that the soft partonic structure of pion is defined by the valence $q\bar{q}$ cluster, consisting of current quarks, embedded in the residual field of the pion. The valence PDF is calculated using phenomenological Light-Front wave functions for the $q\bar{q}$ cluster and the residual field. Our result indicates that the peak position of the x weighted valence PDF~(xPDF) depends on parameters characterizing the virtuality of the cluster and the mass of the residual system. Magnitudes of these parameters are obtained by fitting to the height and the peak position of empirical pion xPDF evaluated at starting $Q_0$. They indicate that unlike the nucleon case, very little residual mass is needed to describe existing pion PDFs at intermediate x. They also indicate that the $q\bar{q}$-cluster is highly virtual and on average the interacting quark carries almost all of the momentum of the $q\bar{q}$ cluster. This picture is consistent with the dominance of the Feynman mechanism leaving little room for the hard component in the PDF, and practically describing $\sim (1-x)$ behavior observed recently at $x\to 1$ limit. Our non-trivial observation is that the height and the peak position of xPDF define the analytic behavior of valence PDF at $x\to 1$ limit.

   hep-phnucl-th1 citation
9. 09*

   $b\to c$ semileptonic sum rule: Extension to angular observables

   Motoi Endo🇯🇵 · Syuhei Iguro🇯🇵 · Tim Kretz🇩🇪 · Satoshi Mishima🇯🇵 · Ryoutaro Watanabe🇨🇳

   Lepton flavor universality is a key prediction of the Standard Model of particle physics and any violation of it immediately indicates the existence of new physics. Given the recent more than $4\sigma$ discrepancy in charged current semileptonic B meson decays and the absence of evident signals at the large hadron collider, independent cross-checks become invaluable. In this context, $b\to c$ semileptonic sum rules based on heavy quark symmetry are interesting since they allow us to check the consistency of experimental results. In this paper, we report newly found sum rules among angular observables of mesonic and baryonic $b\to cl\overline{\nu }$ decays holding exactly in the large mass limit of heavy quarks. Moreover, we investigate corrections to the sum rule in realistic situations and discuss phenomenological implications.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·9 citations
10. 10*

    A Photon Cloud Induced from an Axion Cloud

    Zi-Yu Tang🇰🇷 · Eleftherios Papantonopoulos🇬🇷

    It is known that the axion-photon coupling can lead to quantum stimulated emission of photons and classic exponential amplification of electromagnetic (EM) fields at half the axion mass frequency, when the axion density or the coupling constant is sufficiently large. In this work, we studied the EM photon cloud induced from an axion cloud around a Kerr black hole in the first order of the coupling constant classically. In the presence of a static EM background (such as the extended Wald solution motivated by astrophysical environments), we found that an EM photon cloud emerges, oscillating at the same frequency as the axion cloud and growing exponentially in accordance with the axion cloud when the superradiant condition for the axion field is satisfied. The evolution of the EM photon cloud with time and azimuthal angle is obtained analytically while the cross-sectional distribution is solved numerically. The induced EM field exhibits symmetries that are markedly different from those of the background EM field. Consequently, the induced photon cloud forms an unstable bound configuration that emits EM waves to spatial infinity while being replenished by the axion cloud, providing a potential observational signature of both the presence of an axion cloud and axion-photon coupling.

    hep-phgr-qchep-thJCAP(2026)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Searching Quantum Entanglement in $pp\to ZZ$ process

    Alim Ruzi🇨🇳 · Youpeng Wu🇨🇳 · Ran Ding🇨🇳 · Qiang Li🇨🇳

    Recent studies have shown that observing entangled particle states at a particle collider like Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and testing violation of Bell inequality in them can open up new research area for high energy physics study. We examine the presence of quantum entanglement in the $pp\to ZZ\to 4\ell$ process at leading order. We apply generally recognized method, quantum state tomography, to reconstruct spin density matrix of the joint $ZZ$ system, through which all the relevant observables can be obtained. The angular distribution of the final leptons are obtained from simulated events using Monte-Carlo program, which is used to reconstruct spin density matrix. Non-zero value of the lower bound of the concurrence is measured with simulated data. The numerical analysis shows that with the luminosity corresponding to LHC Run 2+3, entanglement can be probed at $2\sigma$ level and up to 3.75$\sigma$ level for High-Luminosity LHC data ($3{\mathrm{ab}}^{-1}$), revealing the possibility of finding quantum entanglement in real collider experiment.

    hep-phCPC(2026)·14 citations
12. 12*

    Isolated photon cross section and resummation of the logarithms of the cone radius

    M. Fontannaz🇫🇷 · J.Ph.Guillet🇫🇷

    The cone isolation criterion used in large-pt photon experiments generates logarithms of the cone radius in the theoretical cross sections. When a small radius is used, unitarity is violated as the inclusive cross section is smaller than the isolated one. We show that unitarity is restored when these logarithms are resummed. We also study a criterion which offers a more precise description of the experimental procedure : no isolation is imposed in a very small cone inside the standard one. In this case as well unitarity is violated and the resummation of logarithms is required.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·1 citation
13. 13*

    FLARE: FCCee b2Luigi Automated Reconstruction And Event processing

    Cameron Harris🇦🇺 · Aman Desai🇦🇺

    FLARE is an open source data workflow orchestration tool designed for the FCC Analysis software and Key4HEP stack. Powered by b2luigi, FLARE automates and orchestrates the fccanalysis stages from start to finish. Furthermore, FLARE is capable of managing the Monte Carlo (MC) data workflow using generators inside the Key4HEP stack such as Whizard, MadGraph5 aMC@NLO, Pythia8 and Delphes. In this paper the FLARE v0.1.4 package will be explored along with its extensible capabilities and a feature rich work environment. Examples of FLARE will be discussed in a variety of use-cases, all of which can be found at https://github.com/CamCoop1/FLARE-examples. The open source repository of FLARE can be found at https://github.com/CamCoop1/FLARE

    hep-phastro-ph.IMComput.Phys.Commun.(2026)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Seesaw Portal to Super Heavy Dark Matter with $Z_3$ Symmetry

    Cai-Xia Yang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Long Han🇨🇳 · Fei Huang🇨🇳 · Yi Jin🇨🇳 · Honglei Li🇨🇳

    Right-handed neutrinos $N$ are introduced to explain the origin of the tiny neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism. Required by relatively large Yukawa coupling and leptogenesis, masses of right-handed neutrinos are beyond $10^9$ GeV. Such heavy right-handed neutrino can mediate the production of super heavy dark matter $\chi$ via the freeze-in mechanism. In the minimal $Z_2$ symmetric model, the right-hand neutrino portal interaction is $y_N\varphi \bar{\chi }N$ with the dark scalar $\varphi$. One drawback of the $Z_2$ symmetric model is that the mass ordering $m_N>m_{\varphi }$ with long-lived $\varphi$ is almost ruled out by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. In this paper, we propose that by extending the dark symmetry to $Z_3$, one additional interaction $y_{\chi }\varphi {\bar{\chi }}^c\chi$ is further allowed. In this way, the new decay mode $\varphi \to \chi \chi$ would lead to the dark scalar $\varphi$ being short-lived even with a feeble $y_{\chi }$, thus it is allowed by the cosmological constraints. The phenomenology of the $Z_3$ symmetric super heavy dark matter model is also studied in this paper.

    hep-phJCAP(2025)·1 citation
15. 15*

    A simple model for nuclear modification of parton distribution functions

    A.V. Kotikov🇷🇺 · A.V. Lipatov🇷🇺

    A model for nuclear medium modification of parton densities is presented. The approach is based on the global analysis of available deep inelastic scattering data for different nuclear targets within the rescaling model combined with taking into account the effects of Fermi motion. The scale dependence is implemented into the DGLAP-evolved quark and gluon densities in a proton derived analytically at the leading order of QCD coupling. By fitting the rescaling parameters to experimental data on the ratio $F_2^A(x,Q^2)/F_2^{A^{\prime }}(x,Q^2)$ for several nuclear targets $A$ and $A^{\prime }$, we obtain redictions for nuclear parton distributions, even for unmeasured nuclei. The effects of nuclear modifications are investigated with respect to the mass number $A$. Our results highlight distinct shadowing and antishadowing behaviors for gluons and quarks.

    hep-phCPC(2026)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Schwinger Effect in a Twice Anisotropic Holographic Model

    Wen-Bin Chang

    In this work, we investigate the Schwinger effect in a twice anisotropic holographic QCD model that incorporates both spatial and magnetic anisotropies. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we calculate the total potential of a particle-antiparticle pair to evaluate how these anisotropies affect the holographic Schwinger effect. Our calculations reveal that the magnetic field, characterized by parameters $c_B$ and $q_3$, consistently enhances the Schwinger effect by lowering and narrowing the potential barrier. In contrast, increasing the spatial anisotropy, parameterized by $\nu$, raises and widens the barrier, thereby suppressing the process. These findings suggest the significance of treating both anisotropies concurrently for a realistic description of particle production in HIC.

    hep-phCPC(2026)·2 citations
17. 17*

    Two loop QCD corrections to $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi +{\eta }_c$ in asymptotic expansion

    Cong Li (SWU)🇨🇳 · Xu-Dong Huang (CNU)🇨🇳 · Wen-Long Sang (SWU)🇨🇳

    Within the framework of NRQCD, the short-distance coefficients (SDCs) for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi +{\eta }_c$ have been obtained up to NNLO in asymptotic expansions over $r=16m_c^2/s$ up to $r^{15}$. Although these asymptotic expressions are deviated from the full results near the threshold $r=1$, they provide excellent approximations to the full results for $r<0.8$, with deviations less than $3\%$. Therefore, these asymptotic expressions offer reliable applications for phenomenological predictions across a wide range of center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}$. Utilizing these asymptotic expressions, we present phenomenological predictions for the cross sections in both the on-shell mass scheme and the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ mass scheme, with the uncertainty arising from the renormalization scale ${\mu }_R$ included. The ${\mu }_R$ uncertainty for predictions from the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ mass scheme is slightly larger than that from the on-shell mass scheme, which is partly attributed to the helicity flip in the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to J/\psi +{\eta }_c$. We observe that both mass schemes yield quite similar predictions, and our theoretical results are consistent with the available experimental data.

    hep-phPLB(2026)·6 citations
18. 18*

    Possible Standard Model solution for Baryon Asymmetry

    Mikhail Kosov🇷🇺

    If the discovered Higgs boson with $m_H$=125 GeV is interpreted as a $t\bar{t}$-boson where the $t$-quarks are bound by Higgs-exchange with binding energy 220 GeV, then the $2t$-baryons should have approximately the same mass as the Higgs-boson. As $m_H<m_t$, the life time of $2t$-baryons must be much bigger then the life time of $1t$-baryons. If in the primordial Universe the number of $2\bar{t}$-antibaryons was bigger than the number of $2t$-baryons, then the excess should be compensated by nucleons. The relatively long living heavy $2\bar{t}$-antibaryons could in primordial Universe fast evolve to antimatter black halls and disappear in the world of matter under the Schwarzschild spheres.

    hep-phastro-ph.HE0 citations
19. 19*

    Effects of hadronic reinteraction on jet fragmentation from small to large systems

    Hendrik Roch🇺🇸 · Aaron Angerami🇺🇸 · Ritu Arora🇺🇸 · Steffen Bass🇺🇸 · Yi Chen🇺🇸 · Ritoban Datta🇺🇸 · Lipei Du🇨🇦 · Raymond Ehlers🇺🇸 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪 · Rainer J. Fries🇺🇸 · Charles Gale🇨🇦 · Yayun He and 40 other authors

    We investigate the impact of the hadronic phase on jet quenching in nuclear collider experiments, an open question in heavy-ion physics. Previous studies in a simplified setup suggest that hadronic interactions could have significant effects, but a systematic analysis is needed. Using the X-SCAPE event generator with the SMASH afterburner, we study the role of hadronic rescattering on jet fragmentation hadrons. Applying this framework to $e^{+}+e^{-}$ collisions, we demonstrate that even in small systems with limited particle production, hadronic interactions lead to measurable modifications in final-state hadronic and jet observables by comparing scenarios with and without afterburner rescattering.

    hep-phnucl-thEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·2 citations
20. 20*

    Primordial magnetogenesis from a supercooled dynamical electroweak phase transition

    Martin Arteaga Tupia🇵🇪 · Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱 · Alessandro Strumia🇮🇹

    Observations of $\gamma$-ray from blazars suggest the presence of magnetic fields in the intergalactic medium, which may require a primordial origin. Intense enough primordial magnetic fields can arise from theories of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking during the big bang, where supercooling is ended by a strongly first order phase transition. We consider theories involving new scalars and possibly vectors, including thermal particle dark matter candidates. Intense enough magnetic fields can arise if the reheating temperature after the phase transition is below a few TeV. The same dynamics also leaves testable primordial gravitational waves and possibly primordial black holes.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2025)·6 citations
21. 21*

    Investigating DUNE oscillations sensitivity to sterile Pseudo-Dirac Neutrinos

    Asmaa Abada🇫🇷 · João Paulo Pinheiro🇪🇸 · Salvador Urrea🇫🇷

    We explore the sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to sterile neutrino oscillations within a $3+$(pseudo-Dirac pair) framework. We first consider a pair of two sterile neutrinos forming a pseudo-Dirac pair, then we consider a low-scale seesaw realization, that we name ``Linear-Inverse Seesaw" model. This scenario features two nearly degenerate sterile neutrino states at the keV scale, characterized by a small mass splitting arising from a small amount of lepton number violation. In this scenario, the oscillation behavior can be described in three distinct regimes depending on the sterile-sterile mass-squared difference : low ($<1{\mathrm{eV}}^2$), resonant ($1$--$100{\mathrm{eV}}^2$), and high ($>100{\mathrm{eV}}^2$) regimes, recovering in both low- and high-mass regimes an effective non-unitarity of the leptonic mixing matrix. A distinctive feature of this framework is that observable effects persist even in the low-mass limit, unlike the case of standard $3+1$ scenarios, due to rapid oscillation averaging from larger keV-scale splittings. We leverage the complementarity of both near and far detectors to explore the sensitivity for ${\nu }_e$ and ${\nu }_{\mu }$ disappearance and ${\nu }_e$ and ${\nu }_{\tau }$ appearance oscillation probabilities. Our analysis reveals that DUNE can achieve significant improvements over current experimental constraints, especially in neutrino appearance modes. Additionally, we show that new CP-violating phases associated with the sterile sector can dramatically alter the sensitivity, with destructive interference potentially suppressing signals by orders of magnitude.

    hep-phJHEP(2025)·2 citations
22. 22*

    The impact of $\gamma N$ and ${\gamma }^{\ast }N$ interactions on our understanding of nucleon excitations

    Volker Burkert🇺🇸 · Gernot Eichmann🇦🇹 · Eberhard Klempt🇩🇪

    We review recent progress in our understanding of the nucleon excitation spectrum. Thanks to dedicated efforts at facilities such as ELSA, MAMI and Jefferson Lab, several new nucleon resonances have been discovered, and evidence for previously elusive states has been significantly improved. Numerous decay channels have been observed for the first time, and resonance properties are being extracted from these data by several groups through coupled-channel analyses of varying complexity. Electroproduction experiments have provided further insights into the internal structure of light baryon resonances -- for example, the long-debated Roper resonance $N(1440)$ is observed as a three-quark state with a significant meson-cloud component.While the non-relativistic quark model remains a valuable tool for organizing the spectrum of nucleon and $\Delta$ resonances, a variety of theoretical frameworks have emerged to offer deeper understanding, including phenomenological quark models, holographic QCD, functional methods, effective field theories, and lattice QCD. We examine the interplay between these approaches, highlight their respective strengths and explore how they complement each other in shaping our knowledge of light baryon resonances. We address several open questions in baryon spectroscopy, including the nature of the enigmatic $\Lambda (1405)$, ongoing searches for exotic states such as hybrid baryons and pentaquarks, and the dichotomy between microscopic descriptions of baryons in terms of quarks and gluons versus effective hadronic descriptions based on meson-baryon dynamics.

    hep-phPPNP(2026)·16 citations
23. 23*

    Multi-partonic interactions, iterated discontinuities and the virtuality expansion in deep inelastic scattering

    Zeno Capatti🇨🇭 · Lucien Huber🇨🇭 · Michael Ruf🇺🇸

    We introduce a perturbative model that accounts for the contribution of multi-partonic interactions to collider observables. A key feature of this multi-parton model is that cross sections are organised in terms of building blocks that are separately infrared-finite in virtue of the KLN theorem. We find compact expressions for these building blocks in terms of double discontinuities of Feynman-type integrals obtained by endowing a vacuum graph with additional topological information. The framework is applied to the computation of next-to-leading order structure functions in deep inelastic scattering. We comment on the scale dependence of these structure functions and discuss the possibility of relating them by a scheme change to those computed in the parton model. Finally we lay down next steps for analogous computations for deep inelastic scattering at NNLO and Drell-Yan at NLO.

    hep-phhep-th2 citations
24. 24*

    The Hidden Symmetries of Yang-Mills Theory in (3+1)-dimensions

    L. A. Ferreira🇧🇷 · H. Malavazzi🇧🇷

    We show that classical, non-supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories coupled to spin-1/2 and spin-0 elementary matter fields, in (3+1)-dimensional Minkowski space-time, possess exact structures that resemble integrability, with an infinite number of conserved charges in involution. Such structures live in the space of non-abelian electric and magnetic charges, and are based on flat connections in generalized loop spaces, presenting an R-matrix, and Sklyanin relation. We present two novel symmetries of Yang-Mills theories. The first one corresponds to global transformations generated by the infinity of those conserved charges under the Poisson brackets. The gauge and matter fields, as well as Wilson lines and fluxes, have interesting transformation laws under such a global symmetry. The second one corresponds to symmetries of the integral Yang-Mills equations, which lead to the conserved charges. They generate an infinite-dimensional group, where the elements are holonomies of connections on the loop space of functions from the circle S^1 to the space-time. Our approach certainly applies to the Standard Model of the Fundamental Interactions. The conserved charges are gauge invariant, and so, in the case of QCD, they are color singlets and perhaps are not confined. Therefore, the hadrons may carry such charges. Our results open up the way for the construction of non-perturbative methods for Yang-Mills theories.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phmath-ph+2JHEP(2025)·3 citations
25. 25*

    Memory effects in a dynamical decoupling process

    S. C. Hou🇨🇳 · X. Y. Zhang🇨🇳 · Si-wen Li🇨🇳 · X. X. Yi🇨🇳

    We establish a simple quantitative relationship between the environmental memory effects and the characteristics in a dynamical decoupling process. In contrast to previous works, our measures of non-Markovianity are tailored and extended to evaluate the strength of memory effects in dynamical decoupling. We find that if each kick commutes with the dynamical map of the uncontrolled system, then the change of the final dynamical map or the final state brought by the control (called the "effect of control") is upper (lower) bounded by the summation (difference) of the strengths of memory effects with and without control. We propose sufficient conditions for the commutation relation for parity kicks and illustrate our finding with a dissipative quantum Rabi model by numerical simulations where one or many cycles of parity kicks are implemented on the qubit. Besides, the results show that under certain conditions, the effect of control or the increase of performance by the control may be simply proportional to the strength of memory effects with or without control.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phPRA(2025)·0 citations
26. 26*

    Observer Time from Causality in Perturbative Quantum Gravity

    Allic Sivaramakrishnan🇺🇸

    It is unclear whether an observable notion of time exists in quantum gravity even in principle because spacetime itself fluctuates. We propose a form of observable time in perturbative quantum gravity. First, we define an elapsed proper time in curved space using intersections of worldlines and future light cones. Here, time arises from causality via the dependence on light cones. We then propose that performing the gravitational path integral describes quantum gravity corrections to this notion of proper time at all orders in $G_N$. Using this prescription, we compute the leading quantum gravity corrections to two-point correlation functions of elapsed time. We find that the commutators can be nonzero, showing this notion of time is a quantum operator in quantum gravity.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-ph5 citations
27. 27*

    Bayesian Analysis and Analytic Continuation of Scattering Amplitudes from Lattice QCD

    Miguel Salg🇨🇭 · Fernando Romero-López🇨🇭 · William I. Jay🇺🇸

    We present a novel procedure for analyzing the lattice-QCD spectrum via the finite-volume formalism to obtain constraints on multi-hadron scattering amplitudes at both real and complex energies. This approach combines a Bayesian reconstruction of the scattering amplitude on the real axis with Nevanlinna interpolation for analytic continuation to complex-valued energies. The method is non-parametric, inherently accounting for parametrization dependence within the uncertainty. We demonstrate the applicability of this approach using both toy data and real lattice-QCD data in resonant systems from the HadSpec and BaSc collaborations.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·12 citations
28. 28*

    Constraining the Extragalactic Magnetic Field: Auger Data Meet UHECR Propagation Modeling

    Ala'a AL-Zetoun🇳🇱 · Arjen van Vliet🇦🇪 · Andrew M. Taylor🇩🇪 · Walter Winter🇩🇪

    Recent analyses from the Pierre Auger Collaboration suggest correlations between the arrival directions of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) and catalogs of starburst galaxies (SGBs) and jetted active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We revisit these analyses using the same methodology as \auger , but explicitly incorporating UHECR deflections in turbulent extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs). We demonstrate that while for SBGs the same sources as for the generic \auger\ analysis dominate the catalog correlations, jetted AGNs are dominated by Centaurus~A when accounting for source distances and deflections. Using our framework, we derive 90\% confidence level upper limits on the local EGMF strength of 4.4~nG~Mpc${}^{1/2}$ for SBGs and 6.7~nG~Mpc${}^{1/2}$ for jetted AGNs. Assuming instead that the UHECR deflections predominantly arise from the Galactic magnetic field (GMF), we obtain a GMF upper limit of $1.4\mu$G~kpc${}^{1/2}$ for a Galactic halo size of 30~kpc.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2026)·1 citation
29. 29*

    Holographic Baryons as Quantum Hall Droplets

    Francesco Bigazzi🇮🇹 · Aldo Lorenzo Cotrone🇮🇹 · Andrea Olzi🇮🇹 · Jean-Loup Raymond🇮🇹

    We provide a first-principle construction of baryons as quantum Hall droplets in single-flavor holographic QCD. The baryons are described as charged D6-branes with a circular boundary on a flavor D8-brane in the Type IIA backgrounds dual to the confining and non-confining phases. The holographic description allows us to calculate precisely their properties, such as mass and size. We also consider other objects with baryonic charge, such as vortons, domain walls with holes, and "sandwich vortons", and discuss the relative (meta)stability of all these configurations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phnucl-thJHEP(2026)·3 citations
30. 30*

    Renormalized quark masses using gradient flow

    Matthew Black🇬🇧 · Robert V. Harlander🇩🇪 · Anna Hasenfratz🇺🇸 · Antonio Rago🇩🇰 · Oliver Witzel🇩🇪

    We propose a new and simple method for determining the renormalized quark masses from lattice simulations. Renormalized quark masses are an important input to many phenomenological applications, including searching and modeling physics beyond the Standard Model. The non-perturbative renormalization is performed using gradient flow combined with the short-flow-time expansion that is improved by renormalization-group (RG) running to match to the $\overline{\text{MS}}$-scheme. Implementing the RG running perturbatively, we demonstrate this method works reliably at least up to the charm-quark mass and exhibits an easily-attainable ``windowing condition''. Using RBC/UKQCD's (2+1)-flavor Shamir domain-wall fermion ensembles with Iwasaki gauge action, we find m_s^\overline{\text{MS}}(\mu=2 \text{ GeV}) = 90(3) MeV and m_c^\overline{\text{MS}}(\mu=3 \text{ GeV}) = 972(16) MeV. These results predict the scale-independent ratio $m_c/m_s=12.1(4)$. Generalization to other observables is possible, providing an efficient approach to determine non-perturbatively renormalized fermionic observables like form factors or bag parameters from lattice simulations.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phPRD(2026)·5 citations
31. 31*

    Dislocations and crystallization dynamics of chiral soliton lattices

    Minoru Eto🇯🇵 · Kentaro Nishimura🇯🇵 · Muneto Nitta🇯🇵

    Dislocations, as topological defects in crystal lattices, are fundamental to understanding plasticity in materials. Similar periodic structures also arise in continuum field theories, such as chiral soliton lattices (CSLs), which appear in condensed matter systems like chiral magnets and in high-energy contexts such as quantum chromodynamics in strong magnetic field or under rapid rotation. This work investigates whether dislocations can dynamically form within such emergent CSLs. The chiral sine-Gordon model, reduced from the aforementioned examples by certain truncations, is useful to determine the ground state but it cannot describe time evolution, lacks dynamical formation or leads to singular dislocations, because its equations of motion do not contain a topological term. We propose a field-theoretical model including the topological term coupled to external fields resolving these issues by modifying the topological term so it affects the dynamics. Using numerical simulations, we study the real-time formation of CSLs in two and three spatial dimensions. In 2D, edge dislocations emerge spontaneously, guiding soliton growth and later annihilating to leave a stable CSL. In 3D, both edge and screw dislocations form; the latter exhibits helical structure influenced by the external field. We find stable double helical screw dislocations looking like a double helix staircase or DNA. We then demonstrate the formation of helical dislocations and analyze how the external field strength affects CSL density and formation speed. Our results provide a novel theoretical framework for understanding dislocations in solitonic structures, connecting high-energy field theory with materials science phenomena.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.softhep-phJHEP(2025)·8 citations
32. 32*

    One Membrane to Love them all: Tidal deformations of compact objects from the membrane paradigm

    Michela Silvestrini🇮🇹 · Elisa Maggio🇩🇪 · Sumanta Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    The tidal deformability is a key observable to test the nature of compact objects in a binary coalescence. Within vacuum General Relativity, the tidal Love numbers of a four-dimensional black hole are strictly zero, while they are non-zero and model-dependent for material objects, matter distributions around black holes, or in alternative theories of gravity. Here, we develop a model-agnostic framework based on the membrane paradigm, where the tidal properties of a spherically symmetric object are encoded in the response of a fictitious membrane in terms of viscosity coefficients. We show that both neutron stars and exotic compact objects (in particular, we provide an explicit example for thin-shell gravastars) are included in this framework, provided that the bulk and shear viscosity coefficients of the membrane have a nontrivial frequency dependence. We derive a general result for the electric and magnetic tidal Love numbers for non-rotating and spherically symmetric compact objects in terms of the viscosity coefficients, discussing their behavior with the compactness of the object, and identifying the conditions for the logarithmic behavior found in previous literature for various ultracompact objects. Finally, we show that the membrane shear viscosity coefficients associated with neutron star models feature novel quasi-universal relations, which depend only mildly on the neutron-star equation of state.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·17 citations
33. 33*

    Causality of polarizeable dissipative fluids from Lagrangian hydrodynamics

    David Montenegro🇷🇺 · Giorgio Torrieri🇧🇷

    We perform a causality analysis on the dispersion relation of hydrodynamics with spin well as shear and bulk viscosity, including the relaxation times for all these quantities. We find that the interplay of the three relaxational scales, for shear and bulk viscosity as well as polarization, leads to non-trivial effects on the dispersion relation. Unexpectedly, the presence of polarization leads to lower effective viscosity and a longer relaxation time, and the presence of viscosity leads to lower limits as well as upper ones on the group velocity and constraints relating polarization to viscosity relaxation times. We conclude with a qualitative discussion on how these results impact phenomenology, specifically the low effective viscosity in strongly interacting matter as well as shear-vorticity coupling.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.