Mon·Mar 10, 2025Monday·March 10, 2025

1. 01*

   Prospects of future MeV telescopes in probing weak-scale Dark Matter

   Marco Cirelli🇫🇷 · Arpan Kar🇫🇷

   Galactic weak-scale Dark Matter (DM) particles annihilating into lepton-rich channels not only produce gamma-rays via prompt radiation but also generate abundant energetic electrons and positrons, which subsequently emit through bremsstrahlung or inverse Compton scattering (collectively called `secondary-radiation photons'). While the prompt gamma-rays concentrate at high-energy, the secondary emission falls in the MeV range, which a number of upcoming experiments (AMEGO, E-ASTROGAM, MAST...) will probe. We investigate the sensitivity of these future telescopes for weak-scale DM, focusing for definiteness on observations of the galactic center. We find that they have the potential of probing a wide region of the DM parameter space which is currently unconstrained. Namely, in rather optimistic configurations, future MeV telescopes could probe thermally-produced DM with a mass up to the TeV range, or GeV DM with an annihilation cross section 2 to 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the current bounds, precisely thanks to the significant leverage provided by their sensitivity to secondary emissions. We comment on astrophysical and methodological uncertainties, and compare with the reach of high-energy gamma ray experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.GASciPost Phys.(2025)·9 citations
2. 02*

   Oscillating scalar potential and its implications for cosmic neutrino background searches

   Yechan Kim🇰🇷 · Hye-Sung Lee🇰🇷

   We propose a novel mechanism in which an external oscillatory wave modulates the mass-squared term of a scalar potential, periodically switching its sign. As a result of this "potential oscillation," the vacuum transitions between symmetry-broken and symmetry-restored phases. This repeated toggling leads to a time-varying vacuum state with rich phenomenological consequences, driven by the scalar field's couplings to other sectors. As a concrete illustration, we demonstrate how these oscillations can open a new avenue for probing the cosmic neutrino background.

   hep-phJHEP(2025)·8 citations
3. 03*

   The bound and resonant states of $D^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$ and $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ with the complex scaling method

   Jia-Liang Lu🇨🇳 · Mao Song🇨🇳 · Peng Wang🇨🇳 · Jian-You Guo🇨🇳 · Gang Li🇨🇳 · Xuan Luo🇨🇳

   We perform a systematic study of the possible molecular states composed of a pair of heavy mesons such as $D^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$, $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ in the framework of the one-boson-exchange model. The exchanged bosons include the pseudoscalar, scalar and vector mesons($\pi$, $\sigma$, $\rho$, $\omega$). We use the Bonn approximation to get the interaction potential of one-boson-exchange model, then apply the complex scaling method to calculate the bound and resonant states. The results indicate that the $D^{(\ast )}{D}^{(\ast )}$ and $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ system can not only form several bound states, but also a P-wave resonant state. The hadron molecular state model can explain the structure of $T_{cc}^{+}$ as a bound state $D{D}^{\ast }$ with quantum number $I(J^P)=0(1^{+})$. In addition, we also discovered other bound and resonant states, which have the potential to be observed experimentally.

   hep-phEPJC(2025)·10 citations
4. 04*

   Testing classicality of gravity by gravitation decoherence

   V. P. Stefanov🇫🇮 · D. S. Mogilevtsev🇧🇾 · I. Y. Rybak🇪🇸 · A. Stefanov🇫🇮

   Here we discuss an influence of an external weak gravitational field on the gravitational self-decoherence effect with help of the stochastic extension of regularized Shrödinger-Newton equation in a curved background. We derive the master equation and demonstrate that it leads to the experimentally verifiable conclusions about applicability of the classical description of the weak gravitation field. Namely, a presence of oscillating terms in the otherwise purely exponential decay of the coherence would indicate classicality of gravity for the case.

   hep-phgr-qcquant-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
5. 05*

   Are compact open-charm tetraquarks consistent with recent lattice results?

   Feng-Kun Guo🇨🇳 · Christoph Hanhart🇩🇪

   We argue that the hypothesis that positive-parity charm meson resonances exhibit a compact tetraquark structure has some clear tension with recent lattice results for the $S$-wave $\pi D$ system for an SU(3) flavor symmetric setting. In particular, we show that such a diquark--anti-diquark tetraquark scenario would call for the presence of a state in the flavor $[\overline{15}]$ representation, not seen in the lattice analysis. Moreover, we show that analogous lattice data in the axial-vector channel are even more sensitive to the internal structure of these very interesting states.

   hep-phhep-latCommun.Theor.Phys.(2025)·8 citations
6. 06*

   Realize cosmological inflation in supersymmetric Grand Unified models with $R$-symmetry breaking

   Qian Wan🇨🇳 · Da-Xin Zhang🇨🇳

   In this paper, we present a discussion for cosmological inflation based on a general renormalizable supersymmetric model which can be naturally embedded into grand unified models. Successful hybrid inflation has been realized with an effective Mexican-hat potential, while avoiding the generation of extra massless multiplets so that gauge coupling unification is maintained in the supersymmetric grand unified models. This is achieved by including $R$-symmetry violating couplings. A relatively large tensor-to-scalar ratio $r\approx 0.03$ and a spectral index $n_s\approx 0.965$ are obtained, which are expected to be further tested by future experiments. Futhermore, The hierarchy of parameters in the model can be solved at the same time, and all dimensionless parameters are in the range from 0.3 to 3 by adjustment of $R$-charges.

   hep-ph1 citation
7. 07*

   Systematic optimization of resonance parameters in a transport approach

   Carl B. Rosenkvist🇩🇪 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪

   This study optimizes resonance parameters responsible for strangeness production in the SMASH (Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons) transport model using a genetic algorithm. By fitting resonance parameters to experimental data on exclusive strangeness cross-sections at low energies, we significantly improve the model's accuracy, especially in pion-proton interactions. Our approach explores how machine learning tools can be used for precise resonance tuning in transport approaches.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2025)·2 citations
8. 08*

   Characterizing the hadronization of parton showers using the HOMER method

   Benoit Assi🇺🇸 · Christian Bierlich🇸🇪 · Philip Ilten🇺🇸 · Tony Menzo🇺🇸 · Stephen Mrenna🇺🇸 · Manuel Szewc🇺🇸 · Michael K. Wilkinson🇺🇸 · Ahmed Youssef🇺🇸 · Jure Zupan🇺🇸

   We update the HOMER method, a technique to solve a restricted version of the inverse problem of hadronization -- extracting the Lund string fragmentation function $f(z)$ from data using only observable information. Here, we demonstrate its utility by extracting $f(z)$ from synthetic Pythia simulations using high-level observables constructed on an event-by-event basis, such as multiplicities and shape variables. Four cases of increasing complexity are considered, corresponding to $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $90$ GeV producing either a string stretched between a $q$ and $\bar{q}$ containing no gluons; the same string containing one gluon $g$ with fixed kinematics; the same but the gluon has varying kinematics; and the most realistic case, strings with an unrestricted number of gluons that is the end-result of a parton shower. We demonstrate the extraction of $f(z)$ in each case, with the result of only a relatively modest degradation in performance of the HOMER method with the increased complexity of the string system.

   hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2025)·8 citations
9. 09*

   The effect of spacetime torsion on neutrino mixing

   A. Capolupo🇮🇹 · S. Monda🇮🇹 · G. Pisacane🇮🇹 · A. Quaranta🇮🇹 · R. Serao🇮🇹

   In the framework of quantum field theory, we analyze the neutrino oscillations in the presence of a torsion background. We consider the Einstein Cartan theory and we study the cases of constant torsion and of linearly time-dependent torsion. We derive new neutrino oscillation formulae which depend on the spin orientation and the CP asymmetry formula. Experiment such as PTOLEMY which analyzes the cosmological background of neutrino, can provide insights into the effect shown here.

   hep-phhep-thJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2025)·4 citations
10. 10*

    New bound on the vectorial axion-down-strange coupling from $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\nu \bar{\nu }$ data

    Diego Guadagnoli🇫🇷 · Axel Iohner🇫🇷 · Cristina Lazzeroni🇬🇧 · Diego Martinez Santos🇪🇸 · Joel C. Swallow🇨🇭 · Claudio Toni🇫🇷

    We reinterpret publicly available $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\nu \bar{\nu }$ data collected by NA62 from 2016 to 2024 to constrain the fundamental vectorial coupling of the QCD axion to down and strange quarks. Using a fully reproducible likelihood analysis and a complete renormalization-group evolution of the axion couplings from the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) scale to the kaon scale, we translate the experimental limit into bounds on both the low-energy flavour-violating coupling and the fundamental UV parameters. In the generic regime where strong contributions dominate the decay amplitude, we obtain $|(F_V{)}_{sd}({\mu }_K)|>1.6\times 10^{12}\text{GeV}$. The coexistence of parametrically suppressed weak contributions implies a second, conceptually distinct constraint: the fact that weak-amplitude dominance arises from highly tuned UV coupling configurations, translates into a conservative general lower limit on the PQ scale, $f_a>4.9\times 10^4\text{GeV}$. These results provide the strongest accelerator-based constraints on axion-induced $d\leftrightarrow s$ transitions and establish a robust lower bound on $f_a$, complementary to astrophysical limits.

    hep-phhep-exPRResearch(2026)·11 citations
11. 11*

    Metastable Cosmic Strings and Gravitational Waves from Flavour Symmetry Breaking

    Stefan Antusch🇨🇭 · Kevin Hinze🇨🇭 · Shaikh Saad🇸🇮

    Metastable cosmic strings (MSCSs) are among the best-fitting explanations of the 2023 pulsar timing array (PTA) signal for gravitational waves at nanohertz frequencies. We propose the novel possibility that a network of MSCSs generating this signal originates from the multi-step spontaneous breaking of a gauged flavour symmetry. As a specific example, we construct a model of $SU(2)$ flavour symmetry in the context of $SU(5)$ grand unification, where the $SU(2)$ acts exclusively on the first two generations of the matter 10-plet, such that it is ``right for leptons'' and allows for large lepton mixing. The model explains the mass hierarchies of the Standard Model fermions, and predicts the string scale of the MSCSs in a range compatible with the 2023 PTA signal. Cosmic inflation is associated with the latter step of (two-step) family symmetry breaking, and the phase transition ending inflation generates the cosmic string network.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·13 citations
12. 12*

    Relativistic Mott transitions and finite-temperature effects of quantum criticality in Dirac semimetals

    Mireia Tolosa-Simeón🇩🇪 · Laura Classen🇩🇪 · Michael M. Scherer🇩🇪

    Gross-Neveu-Yukawa-type models such as the chiral Ising, chiral XY, and chiral Heisenberg models, serve as effective descriptions of two-dimensional Dirac semi-metals undergoing quantum phase transitions into various symmetry-broken ordered states. Their relativistic quantum critical points govern the systems' physical behavior in the vicinity of the transition also at finite temperatures, which is strongly influenced by critical order-parameter and chiral fermion fluctuations. Here, we explore the effect of these fluctuations at zero and finite temperature, both in the Dirac phase and in the Mott phases with spontaneously broken symmetry. To that end, we set up a functional renormalization group approach, which allows us to systematically calculate the quantum phase diagrams and scaling behavior at and near quantum criticality. We explicitly estimate quantum critical exponents, calculate the quasiparticle weight of the chiral Dirac excitations, and determine the extent of the quantum critical fan. Furthermore, we expose a semi-metallic precondensation regime where order-parameter fluctuations destroy order at finite temperature and we show the related manifestation of the Coleman-Hohenberg-Mermin-Wagner theorem. For the chiral XY model, we also expose signatures of Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless physics in a system that includes strong fermion fluctuations. In view of recent experimental developments on correlated phases in highly tunable two-dimensional Dirac materials, our work aims at a more comprehensive theoretical description of relativistic quantum criticality in semi-metals, including non-Dirac-liquid behavior.

    ↳ cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phPRB(2025)·13 citations
13. 13*

    Constraining dark-sector effects using gravitational waves from compact binary inspirals

    Caroline B. Owen🇺🇸 · Alexandria Tucker🇺🇸 · Yonatan Kahn🇺🇸 · Nicolás Yunes🇺🇸

    Gravitational wave observations are a powerful tool to constrain fundamental physics. This work considers dark matter that carries charge under a dark abelian massive vector field. If such dark matter is bound inside coalescing neutron stars, the presence of the new force will modify the total energy of the binary, and the emission of dark radiation modes will impact the rate of inspiral. At leading order, the dark matter corrections introduce a Yukawa term to the potential energy and a dipole radiation mode. We calculate modifications to the binary inspiral waveform to first post-Newtonian order, incorporate these corrections into a state-of-the-art waveform model for neutron star binaries, and use this model in a Bayesian parameter estimation analysis on real data collected by current, second-generation ground-based detectors. Through this study, we place the first robust constraints on the Yukawa interaction strength and dipole emission parameter. We find that the strongest constraints are obtained from analysis of the GW170817 event, for which the Yukawa interaction strength is constrained to be less than $O(10^{-2})$ and the dipole emission parameter is less than $O(10^{-4})$ at 90% credibility.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·7 citations
14. 14*

    Quantum generative adversarial networks for gluon initiated jets generation

    Rey Guadarrama · Sergei Gleyzer🇺🇸 · Mariia Baidachna · Kyoungchul Kong🇺🇸 · Konstantin T. Matchev🇺🇸 · Katia Matcheva🇺🇸 · Isabel Pedraza · Gopal Ramesh Dahale🇮🇳 · Haydee Hernández-Arellano

    Quantum computing has the potential to offer significant advantages over classical computing, making it a promising avenue for exploring alternative methods in High Energy Physics (HEP) simulations. This work presents the implementation of a Quantum Generative Adversarial Network (qGAN) to simultaneously generate gluon-initiated jet images for both ECAL and HCAL detector channels, a task crucial for high-energy physics simulations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The results demonstrate high fidelity in replicating energy deposit patterns and preserving the implicit training data features. This study marks the first step toward generating multi-channel pictures and quark-initiated jet images using quantum computing.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-ph1 citation
15. 15*

    Bridging between reheating and late-time observations in quintessential inflation

    Ok Song An🇰🇵 · Jin U Kang🇰🇵 · Yong Jin Kim🇰🇵 · Ui Ri Mun🇰🇵

    We propose an idea to build a bridge between reheating and late-time observations in quintessential inflation by backtracking the evolution of the inflaton field from the present time to the end of reheating. This idea is implemented when the potential gradient is negligible compared to the Hubble friction, rendering the inflaton field frozen, till the present time. We find a simple analytic relation between the reheating temperature and the observational parameters for dark energy, and numerically confirm its validity for typical models of quintessential inflation. This relation is universal and can apply to all quintessential inflation models with any reheating mechanism. It also implies that any quintessential inflation model with a successful reheating with the reheating temperature $1\text{MeV}\lesssim T_{\text{re}}\lesssim 10^{15}\text{GeV}$ predicts the equation of state of dark energy today extremely close to $-1$, i.e. $-1+10^{-60}\lesssim w_0\lesssim -1+10^{-24}$, unless the inflaton field unfreezes before the present time.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2026)·1 citation
16. 16*

    "Glueballs" in the Quantum Mechanics of three large massless Yang-Mills coupled Matrices

    João P. Rodrigues🇿🇦

    We use a loop truncated Jevicki-Sakita effective collective field Hamiltonian to obtain, over a very large range of values of 't Hooft's coupling, and directly in the large N limit, the large N (planar) ground state energy, the planar ground state expectation values of invariant correlators, and the 1/N spectrum of the quantum mechanical system of three massless Yang-Mills coupled matrices. This captures the dynamics of the (residual) gauge invariant sector of the spatially reduced 3+1 dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory, in the large N limit. The large N loop space constraints are handled by the use of master variables. As is the case for two matrices, the method is highly efficient directly in the massless limit, and it reproduces to a very high precision the scaling dependence of physical quantities, determined by their dimensions, on the dimensionful 't Hooft coupling. We obtain the bound state masses of "glueballs", their quantum numbers and ensuing degeneracies.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPLB(2025)·2 citations
17. 17*

    Status and outlook of quark flavour physics

    Justus Tobias Tsang🇨🇭

    In recent years there has been impressive progress in quark flavour physics, with current efforts tackling complicated quantities such as for example inclusive decays, decays to QCD-unstable final states and radiative decays. At the same time current lattice flavour physics results are receiving a lot of attention from outside the lattice community. This requires careful scrutiny, even for well explored quantities. In this plenary contribution I review the status of flavour physics observables and, in the context of heavy flavours, suggest possible benchmark quantities that could allow to better compare intermediate results. These can in turn be used to investigate the origin of existing (and possible future) tensions.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2025)·3 citations
18. 18*

    Search for primordial black holes from gravitational wave populations using deep learning

    Hai-Long Huang🇨🇳 · Zhan-He Wang🇨🇳 · Qing-Yu Lan🇨🇳 · Jun-Qian Jiang🇨🇳 · Jibin He🇨🇳 · Yu-Tong Wang🇨🇳 · Jun Zhang🇨🇳 · Yun-Song Piao🇨🇳

    Gravitational waves (GWs) signals detected by the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA collaboration might be sourced (partly) by the merges of primordial black holes (PBHs). The conventional hierarchical Bayesian inference methods can allow us to study population properties of GW events to search for the hints for PBHs. However, hierarchical Bayesian analysis require an analytic population model, and becomes increasingly computationally expensive as the number of sources grows. In this paper, we present a novel population analysis method based on deep learning, which enables the direct and efficient estimation of PBH population hyperparameters, such as the PBH fraction in dark matter, $f_{\mathrm{PBH}}$. Our approach leverages neural posterior estimation combined with conditional normalizing flows and two embedding networks. Our results demonstrate that inference can be performed within seconds, highlighting the promise of deep learning as a powerful tool for population inference with an increasing number of GW signals for next-generation detectors.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-ph3 citations
19. 19*

    Juggling with Tensor Bases in Functional Approaches

    Jens Braun🇩🇪 · Andreas Geißel🇩🇪 · Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪 · Franz R. Sattler🇩🇪 · Nicolas Wink🇩🇪

    Systematic expansion schemes in functional approaches require the inclusion of higher order vertices. These vertices are expanded in independent tensor bases with a rapidly increasing number of basis elements. Amongst the related tasks are the construction of bases and projection operators, the importance ordering of their elements, and the optimisation of such tensor bases, as well as an analysis of their regularity in momentum space. We present progress in all these directions and introduce the Mathematica package TensorBases designed for the aforementioned tasks.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-phAnnals Phys.(2026)·16 citations
20. 20*

    Statistical Analysis of Scientific Metrics in High Energy, Cosmology, and Astroparticle Physics in Latin America

    Manuel Morales-Alvarado🇮🇹 · Fernando Quevedo🇬🇧 · Mario Ramos-Hamud🇬🇧 · Diego Restrepo🇨🇴

    We perform a comprehensive statistical analysis of key scientific metrics to evaluate the productivity and impact of research conducted in Latin American countries within the fields of High Energy Physics, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (HECAP). Using data from the widely used open-access digital library INSPIRE-HEP, we provide a detailed assessment of the scientific contributions from the continent over the past 70 years. We provide data for the evolution of the overall productivity in the region relative to the rest of the world, comparing the productivity of each country, number of active researchers, number of publications, citations, h-index in total and relative to the population and number of researchers, as well as the productivity and impact compared to the percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) invested in research, and the Human Development Index (HDI) of each country. We also analyse collaborations among the different countries, as well as collaborations with the rest of the world. Additionally, we studied the gender gap evolution over the same period. This pioneering analysis, which relies solely on open data, can serve as an essential resource for researchers and policymakers alike. It aims to empower scientists with insights into the significance of their contributions to both regional and global research. Moreover, it provides both researchers and policymakers with critical quantitative data, strengthening their understanding of the progress in scientific productivity over the years to better support scientific endeavours in Latin America.

    ↳ physics.soc-phhep-phhep-thphysics.hist-ph1 citation
21. 21*

    Reionization and the Hubble Constant: Correlations in the Cosmic Microwave Background

    Itamar J. Allali🇺🇸 · Praniti Singh🇺🇸 · JiJi Fan🇺🇸 · Lingfeng Li🇺🇸

    Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has found early galaxies producing photons from more efficient ionization than previously assumed. This may suggest a reionization process with a larger reionization optical depth, ${\tau }_{\mathrm{reio}}$, in some mild disagreement with that inferred from measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB). Intriguingly, the CMB would prefer larger values of ${\tau }_{\mathrm{reio}}$, more consistent with the recent JWST hint, if the large-scale measurements (i.e. $\ell <30$) of E-mode polarization are removed. In addition, ${\tau }_{\mathrm{reio}}$ has an indirect correlation with today's Hubble constant $H_0$ in $\Lambda$CDM. Motivated by these interesting observations, we investigate and reveal the underlying mechanism for this correlation, using the CMB dataset without the low-$\ell$ polarization data as a proxy for a potential cosmology with a larger ${\tau }_{\mathrm{reio}}$. We further explore how this correlation may impact the Hubble tension between early and late universe measurements of $H_0$, in $\Lambda$CDM as well as two proposals to alleviate the Hubble tension: the dark radiation (DR) and early dark energy (EDE) models. We find that the Hubble tension gets further reduced mildly for almost all cases due to the larger ${\tau }_{\mathrm{reio}}$ and its positive correlation with $H_0$, with either the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) data before those from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) or the DESI data.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2025)·25 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.