Mon·Feb 24, 2025Monday·February 24, 2025

1. 01*

   Matter-Dark Matter Coincidence and Mirror World

   Rabindra N. Mohapatra🇺🇸 · Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸

   Why matter and dark matter contents of the universe are of the same order of magnitude, is one of the puzzles of modern cosmology. At the face of it, this would seem to point towards a basic similarity between matter and dark matter, suggesting perhaps the widely discussed mirror world picture as an ideal setting for a discussion of this issue. Here we outline a new and simple mirror world scenario to explain this puzzle. Our model uses Affleck-Dine mechanism to generate baryon asymmetry and dark matter relic density leading to an asymmetric dark matter picture. We find that for a certain parameter range of the model, the mirror electron is the unique possibility for dark matter whereas in the complementary parameter range, the mirror baryons constitute the dark matter. In either case, the mirror photon must have mass in the MeV range for consistency with observations. For the case of mirror electron dark matter, the model predicts a lower bound on the amount of dark radiation i.e. $\Delta N_{eff}\ge 0.007$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·5 citations
2. 02*

   Unveiling the Collins-Soper kernel in inclusive DIS at threshold

   Andrea Simonelli🇮🇹 · Alberto Accardi🇺🇸 · Matteo Cerutti🇺🇸 · Caroline S. R. Costa🇺🇸 · Andrea Signori🇮🇹

   We revisit the factorization of inclusive deep inelastic scattering near the kinematic threshold to explicitly track off-lightcone effects. Particle production develops around two opposite near-lightcone directions like in transverse-momentum-dependent processes, and the Collins-Soper kernel emerges as a universal function in the rapidity evolution of the relevant parton correlators. We clarify outstanding issues regarding soft radiation and rapidity divergences, and uncover a new way to calculate the Collins-Soper kernel on the lattice with collinear operators.

   hep-phhep-exhep-lathep-th2 citations
3. 03*

   Practical parametrization of two-pole structure

   J.X. Cui🇨🇳 · Zhi-Yong Zhou🇨🇳 · Zhiguang Xiao🇨🇳

   We suggest that the extended Lee-Friedrichs model could be directly used as a practical parametrization method for the experimental analysis of resonance structures. This parametrization incorporates the constraints of relativistic phase space and the threshold behavior, and respects both unitarity and analyticity constraints of the scattering amplitude. As such, the poles on unphysical Riemann sheets could be easily extracted. This parametrization method offers a comparable fit quality to the improved Breit-Wigner parametrization with an energy-dependent width function when the coupling strength is moderate. It is found that the parametrization could be used to correctly extract the poles near the physical region correctly. In particular, it can naturally incorporate the two-pole structure in which one pole is shifted from the discrete state and the other is dynamically generated. Moreover, the coupled-channel formulation of the extended Lee-Friedrichs parameterization is straightforward and its relationship with the Flatté parametrization form is discussed. Using $\rho (770)$, $\Delta (1232)$, $K_0^{\ast }$ and $f_0$ states as illustrative examples, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this parametrization in capturing fit qualities and identifying relevant poles. It is illustrated that the $K_0^{\ast }(700)$ and $K_0^{\ast }(1430)$ could be perfectly parameterized in the Lee-Friedrichs form as a two-pole structure. A tentative investigation of $f_0$s in coupled-channel parametrization form are discussed, and a possible lineshape contributed by ${\chi }_{c1}(3872)$ and ${\chi }_{c1}(4012)$ is presented. The proposed parametrization scheme holds promise for future studies involving exotic hadron states near thresholds, offering a valuable tool for analyzing resonance structures in upcoming experimental investigations.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-th1 citation
4. 04*

   Novel Search for absorption of ultra-light fermionic dark matter on electron with cosmic ray boost

   X. P. Geng🇨🇳 · B. Zhong🇨🇳 · Z. H. Zhang🇨🇳

   The search for the absorption of fermionic dark matter (DM) on electron is hindered by a partial or complete loss of sensitivity for the mass of DM ($m_{\chi }$) below $\mathcal{O}(10)$ keV. We introduce a novel search using a small but high-energy portion of DM boosted by cosmic rays, and the loss of sensitivity is circumvented because the subsequent absorption within the detector imparts to the target electron not only $m_{\chi }$ but also substantial $T_{\chi }$. The one-sided 90\% confidence level constraints on (${\sigma }_e{v}_{\chi }$) are derived with the XENONnT public dataset for $m_{\chi }$ $\in$ (1$\times$10${}^{-5}$--1) keV which has not been explored yet. Our results have placed constraints on DM at the lowest $m_{\chi }$ currently achievable among the DMDD experiments utilizing ionizing signals from DM interactions within the detectors.

   hep-phhep-ex1 citation
5. 05*

   Quasi parton distributions of pions at large longitudinal momentum

   Dao-yu Zhang🇨🇳 · Chuang Huang🇩🇪 · Wei-jie Fu🇨🇳

   In this paper, we develop an approach to calculate the valence-quark quasi parton distribution amplitude (quasi-PDA) and quasi parton distribution function (quasi-PDF) for the pion with a large longitudinal momentum with the functional renormalization group (fRG). This is demonstrated in a low energy effective theory (LEFT) with four-quark scatterings. In the study of the complex structure of quasi-PDA, we introduce a deformed integration contour in the calculations of quasi-PDA or quasi-PDF, which allows us to obtain correct integrals for all momentum fractions. It is found that the pion light-front PDA extrapolated from quasi-PDA based on the large momentum effective theory (LaMET) in the LEFT is comparable with lattice QCD and Dyson-Schwinger equation. This work paves the way to study the PDA and PDF within the fRG approach to first-principles QCD.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·8 citations
6. 06*

   Bounds on variations of the strange quark mass from Big Bang nucleosynthesis

   Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Bernard Metsch🇩🇪 · Helen Meyer🇩🇪

   We analyze the effect of a variation of the strange nucleon matrix element $⟨N|m_s\bar{s}s|N⟩$ on the abundances of the light elements produced in the Big Bang. For that, we vary the nucleon mass in the leading eight reactions that involve neutrons, protons and the four lightest nuclei. We use various available Big Bang nucleosynthesis codes and find that the measured deuterium and ${}^4$He abundances set strict limits on the nucleon mass variations. This translates into an upper bound of possible variations of the strange quark mass, $\left|\Delta m_s/m_s\right|\le 5.1\%$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-lathep-th+1JHEP(2025)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Revisiting gluon density from the BK equation with kinematical constraint and large x terms

   Krzysztof Kutak🇵🇱 · Wanchen Li🇨🇳 · Anna Stasto🇺🇸 · Robert Straka🇵🇱

   We perform analysis of the small x non-linear evolution equation formulated in momentum space supplemented by higher order terms. The equation is defined in wide range of transverse momentum and longitudinal momentum fraction extending previous studies performed in \cite{Kutak:2003bd,Kutak:2004ym}. The linear part of the equation is motivated by the renormalization group improved small x approach which accounts for resummation of higher orders, and includes collinear splitting function and kinematical constraint. The solution to the equation is then used to perform the fit to Deep Inelastic Scattering reduced cross section data.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
8. 08*

   Status and prospect of weak radiative hyperon decays

   Rui-Xiang Shi🇨🇳 · Zekun Jia🇨🇳 · Li-Sheng Geng🇨🇳 · Haiping Peng🇨🇳 · Qiang Zhao🇨🇳 · Xiaorong Zhou🇨🇳

   Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons, offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions. Recent experimental observations, particularly from BESIII, have revealed deviations from theoretical predictions. These deviations could signal new physics or the need for refined theoretical models incorporating intermediate resonance effects. This review discusses recent theoretical advancements and key experimental findings, focusing on recent measurements from BESIII and their implications for strong interactions and baryon structure.

   hep-phhep-exChin.Phys.Lett.(2025)·8 citations
9. 09*

   Spin precession and neutrino helicity flip in various spacetimes

   Reza Saadati🇨🇦 · Fayçal Hammad🇨🇦 · Santiago Novoa-Cattivelli🇨🇦 · Mathieu Simard🇨🇦 · Nicolas Fleury🇨🇦

   We systematically study spin precession of neutral particles freely moving in spacetime. We first derive the formula describing spin precession within a general stationary and axisymmetric spacetime. We then apply our formula to study spin precession of neutral spinning particles moving within various spacetimes that are among the most ubiquitous ones found in the literature. Our results are then used to extract the helicity flip probability for neutrinos propagating in each one of those selected spacetimes. It is found that low-energy neutrinos acquire a spin-flip probability that is as large as unity in all the spacetimes considered here. The remarkable result, however, is that while spin-flip probability for high-energy neutrinos remains insignificant in most of these spacetimes, some of them do allow spin-flip probability to reach unity even for high-energy neutrinos.

   hep-phgr-qcPRD(2025)·4 citations
10. 10*

    On the phenomenological implications of a Pati-Salam model spontaneously broken by Higgs fields in fundamental representations

    George K. Leontaris🇬🇷 · Ruiwen Ouyang🇨🇳 · Ye-ling Zhou🇨🇳

    We present a supersymmetric Pati-Salam model with small representations as a potential candidate for physics beyond the Standard Model. The model features a Higgs sector with bifundamental fields $H_R+{\bar{H}}_R=(4,1,2)+(\bar{4},1,2)$, $H_L+{\bar{H}}_L=(4,2,1)+(\bar{4},2,1)$ as well as a pair of bi-doublet fields $h_a=(1,2,2)$ where $a=1,2$, with three families of fermions accommodated in $(4,2,1)+(\bar{4},1,2)$ as usual. The matter spectrum is augmented with three copies of neutral singlets that mix with ordinary neutrinos to realize the seesaw mechanism. The model introduces supersymmetric R-symmetry and a global discrete ${\mathbb{Z}}_n$ symmetry ($n>2$) that prevents disastrous superpotential couplings, while its spontaneous breaking implies the existence of domain walls that are successfully addressed. Interestingly, the one-loop beta coefficient of the $SU(4{)}_C$ gauge coupling is zero in the minimal ${\mathbb{Z}}_3$ model, rendering the corresponding gauge coupling near-conformal in the UV. Meanwhile, Landau poles are avoided up to the Planck scale and proton decay is suppressed, resulting in a proton lifetime beyond current experimental bounds. By virtue of the extended Higgs sector, the key advantage of this PS model is its ability to disentangle quark and lepton masses through higher-dimensional effective operators, addressing a common limitation in GUT models with small Higgs representations. This makes the model more economical and easier to be constructed from string theory, particularly in several heterotic and F-theory models where Higgses in the adjoint representation are absent.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·1 citation
11. 11*

    Critical Unstable Qubits: an Application to $B^0{\bar{B}}^0$-Meson System

    Dimitrios Karamitros🇬🇧 · Thomas McKelvey🇬🇧 · Apostolos Pilaftsis🇬🇧

    We extend our previous work on a novel class of unstable qubits which we have identified recently and called them Critical Unstable Qubits (CUQs). The characteristic property of CUQs is that the energy-level and decay-width vectors, $\mathbf{E}$ and $\mathbf{\Gamma }$, are orthogonal to one another, and the key parameter $r=|\mathbf{\Gamma }|/|2\mathbf{E}|$ is less than 1. Most remarkably, CUQs exhibit two atypical behaviours: (i) they display coherence-decoherence oscillations in a co-decaying frame of the system described by a unit Bloch vector $\mathbf{b}$, and (ii) the unit Bloch vector $\mathbf{b}$ describing a pure CUQ sweeps out unequal areas during equal intervals of time, while rotating about the vector $\mathbf{E}$. The latter anharmonic phenomenon emerges beyond the usual oscillatory pattern due to the energy-level difference of the two-level quantum system, which governs an ordinary qubit. By making use of a Fourier series decomposition, we define anharmonicity observables that quantify the degree of non-sinusoidal oscillation of a CUQ. We apply the results of our formalism to the $B^0{\bar{B}}^0$-meson system and derive, for the first time, generic upper limits on these new observables.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thquant-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
12. 12*

    Ultralight Dark Matter Statistics for Pulsar Timing Detection

    Kimberly K. Boddy🇺🇸 · Jeff A. Dror🇺🇸 · Austin Lam🇺🇸

    Fluctuations in ultralight dark matter produce significant metric perturbations, which may be detected by monitoring the arrival times of light from millisecond pulsars. While searches using this technique are already underway, they do not consistently account for the statistical properties of the dark matter field. The statistics of this field depend on the velocity dispersion of dark matter and, consequently, its coherence length. In the mass range relevant for pulsar timing arrays, the coherence length is comparable to separations between pulsars, making it crucial to incorporate its effects into the analysis. This work presents a consistent statistical method for gravitational direct detection of ultralight dark matter. Our key result is the derivation of the two-point function of the metric fluctuations, which we apply to pulsar timing and discuss its implementation in future searches.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRL(2025)·16 citations
13. 13*

    Functional Determinants for False Vacuum Decay

    Pietro Baratella🇸🇮 · Miha Nemevšek🇸🇮 · Yutaro Shoji🇸🇮 · Katarina Trailović🇸🇮 · Lorenzo Ubaldi🇸🇮

    We derive simple expressions to regularise functional determinants from fluctuations of fields with spin 0, 1/2, and 1. These are important for the precise dimensionful determination of false vacuum decay rates. We work in $D=4$ Euclidean dimensions and use familiar Feynman diagrammatic techniques with a double expansion in interactions and masses, together with dimensional regularisation in momentum space. We Fourier transform to coordinate space and end up with a simple regularisation prescription in terms of single integrals over the Euclidean radius of field-dependent masses and their derivatives. Our results apply to models with an arbitrary scalar potential and with any number of scalars, fermions, gauge bosons and associated ghosts. We exemplify this approach on the Standard Model with a streamlined calculation of the renormalisation and isolation of divergences in fluctuation determinants.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·7 citations
14. 14*

    The holographic space-time model of inflation and its predictions for the CMB primordial spectra

    Sidan A🇺🇸 · Tom Banks🇺🇸

    In 1998 Carlip and Solodukhin independently conjectured the equality between fluctuations in the modular Hamiltonian of black holes and its expectation value. Banks and Zurek's 2021 work generalized this observation to any causal diamonds. We use this observation to calculate the precise normalization of primordial scalar and tensor power spectra in the Holographic Space-time (HST) model of inflation. In previous work Banks and Fischler outlined the general calculation of inflationary power spectra in this model, which we review here. Its conceptual basis is radically different from field theoretic inflation and it has no Transplanckian problems, but its predictions for power spectra will be shown to fit extant data equally well, and the tensor-to-scalar ratio agrees with experimental observations.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·6 citations
15. 15*

    Colloquium: Hadron Production in Open-charm Meson Pair at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ Collider

    Xiongfei Wang🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳 · Yuanning Gao🇨🇳

    The standard model of particle physics is a well-established theoretical framework, yet several unresolved issues remain that warrant further experimental and theoretical exploration. In the realm of quark physics, these issues include understanding the nature of quark confinement and elucidating the mechanism linking quarks and gluons to strongly interacting particles within the standard model theory, which may offer insights into the underlying physics mechanisms. These issues inquiries can be addressed through the study of hadrons produced at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collisions and decaying to open-charm meson pairs utilizing the capabilities of {\it BABAR}, Belle, BESIII, and CLEO-c experiments, which have yielded valuable insights into nonstandard hadrons in recent decades. This Colloquium examines the contributions of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders from the {\it BABAR}, Belle, BESIII, and CLEO-c experiments to such studies in the past two decades and discusses future prospects for $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ collider experiments.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phRMP(2026)·42 citations
16. 16*

    PhyLiNO: A Forward-Folding Likelihood-Fit Framework for Neutrino Oscillation Physics

    Denise Hellwig🇩🇪 · Stefan Schoppmann🇩🇪 · Philipp Soldin🇩🇪 · Achim Stahl🇩🇪 · Christopher Wiebusch🇩🇪

    We present a framework for the analysis of data from neutrino oscillation experiments. The framework performs a profile likelihood fit and employs a forward-folding technique to optimize its model with respect to the oscillation parameters. It is capable of simultaneously handling multiple datasets from the same or different experiments and their correlations. The code of the framework is optimized for performance and allows for convergence times of a few seconds handling hundreds of fit parameters, thanks to multi-threading and usage of GPUs. The framework was developed in the context of the Double Chooz experiment, where it was successfully used to fit three- and four-flavor models to the data, as well as in the measurement of the energy spectrum of reactor neutrinos. We demonstrate its applicability to other experiments by applying it to a study of the oscillation analysis of a medium baseline reactor experiment similar to JUNO.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-exhep-phphysics.data-anComput.Softw.Big Sci.(2025)·0 citations
17. 17*

    Entropy correction and quasinormal modes of slowly rotating Kerr-Newman-de Sitter-like black hole in bumblebee gravity

    Ningthoujam Media🇮🇳 · Y. Priyobarta Singh🇮🇳 · Y. Onika Laxmi🇮🇳 · T. Ibungochouba Singh🇮🇳

    In this paper, we study the tunneling of fermion particle for slowly rotating Kerr-Newman-de Sitter-like (KNdS-like) black hole in bumblebee gravity model by applying the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). The Hawking temperature of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole has been modified under GUP. The quantum gravity effect reduces the rise of Hawking temperature of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole. The modified Hawking temperature and the correction of black hole entropy are investigated by using the tunneling of fermion beyond the semiclassical approximation. We study the scalar field perturbation and effective potential of slowly rotating KNdS-like black hole in bumblebee gravity model by using Klein-Gördon equation. The quasinormal modes for scalar perturbation is investigated using WKB approximation method and Pöschl-Teller fitting method. The significant impact on the greybody factor, Hawking spectra and sparsity of Hawking radiation of the black hole are also studied in the presence of Lorentz violating parameter L.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phGen.Rel.Grav.(2025)·14 citations
18. 18*

    Primordial Black Holes

    Bernard Carr🇬🇧 · Florian Kuhnel🇩🇪

    In this chapter we first describe the early history of primordial black hole (PBH) research. We then discuss their possible formation mechanisms, including critical collapse from inflationary fluctuations and various types of phase transition. We next describe the numerous constraints on the number density of PBHs from various quantum and astrophysical processes. This was the main focus of research until recently but there is currently a shift of emphasis to the search for evidence for PBHs. We end by discussing this evidence, with particular emphasis on their role as dark matter candidates, sources of gravitational waves and seeds for supermassive black holes and early cosmic structures.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th29 citations
19. 19*

    Feynman integrals, elliptic integrals and two-parameter K3 surfaces

    Claude Duhr🇩🇪 · Sara Maggio🇩🇪

    The three-loop banana integral with three equal masses and the conformal two-loop five-point traintrack integral in two dimensions are related to a two-parameter family of K3 surfaces. We compute the corresponding periods and the mirror map, and we show that they can be expressed in terms of ordinary modular forms and functions. In particular, we find that the maximal cuts of the three-loop banana integral with three equal masses can be written as a product of two copies of the maximal cuts of the two-loop equal-mass sunrise integral. Our computation reveals a hidden symmetry of the banana integral not manifest from the Feynman integral representation, which corresponds to exchanging the two copies of the sunrise elliptic curve.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath.AGJHEP(2025)·26 citations
20. 20*

    Topological observables and $\theta$ dependence in high temperature QCD from lattice simulations

    A.Yu. Kotov🇩🇪 · M.P. Lombardo🇮🇹 · A. Trunin🇮🇹

    We study topology in Quantum Chromodynamics at high temperatures by means of lattice calculations. Simulations are performed with $N_f=2+1+1$ Wilson twisted mass fermions at maximal twist with physical quark masses, and temperatures $T\gtrsim 180$ MeV. The results obtained with three lattice spacings ranging between $0.057$ and $0.080$ fm are extrapolated to the continuum limit. We compare the results for the topological susceptibility obtained with the field-theoretic definition with those obtained from an observable constructed with the disconnected part of the chiral susceptibility, and we confirm their agreement -- within the largish errors -- on our range of temperatures. We also study the topological charge distribution, the next order cumulant $b_2$ and, for the first time, the Free Energy as a function of the $\theta$ angle. We find a rapid crossover to the Dilute Instanton Gas behaviour above $T\simeq 300$ MeV for all the observables we have considered.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thJHEP(2025)·18 citations
21. 21*

    Ultra-high-energy $\gamma$-ray emission associated with the tail of a bow-shock pulsar wind nebula

    Zhen Cao · F. Aharonian · Y.X. Bai · Y.W. Bao · D. Bastieri · X.J. Bi · Y.J. Bi · W. Bian · A.V. Bukevich · C.M. Cai · W.Y. Cao · Zhe Cao and 287 other authors

    In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of an unidentified point-like ultra-high-energy (UHE) $\gamma$-ray source, designated as 1LHAASO J1740+0948u, situated in the vicinity of the middle-aged pulsar PSR J1740+1000. The detection significance reached 17.1$\sigma$ (9.4$\sigma$) above 25TeV (100TeV). The source energy spectrum extended up to 300TeV, which was well fitted by a log-parabola function with $N0=(1.93\pm 0.23)\times 10^{-16}\mathrm{Te}{\mathrm{V}}^{-1}\mathrm{c}{\mathrm{m}}^{-2}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$, $\alpha =2.14\pm 0.27$, and $\beta =1.20\pm 0.41$ at E0 = 30TeV. The associated pulsar, PSR J1740+1000, resides at a high galactic latitude and powers a bow-shock pulsar wind nebula (BSPWN) with an extended X-ray tail. The best-fit position of the gamma-ray source appeared to be shifted by $0.2^{\circ }$ with respect to the pulsar position. As the (i) currently identified pulsar halos do not demonstrate such offsets, and (ii) centroid of the gamma-ray emission is approximately located at the extension of the X-ray tail, we speculate that the UHE $\gamma$-ray emission may originate from re-accelerated electron/positron pairs that are advected away in the bow-shock tail.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phInnovation(2025)·12 citations
22. 22*

    Implications of Photon Mass: Vortextrap Magnetization of Black Holes

    Gia Dvali🇩🇪 · Zaza N. Osmanov🇬🇪 · Michael Zantedeschi🇮🇹

    We discuss certain astrophysical implications of the photon mass. It offers a new mechanism of black hole magnetization, described as ``vortextrap magnetization" (VTM), which can generate a near-saturated magnetic field in astrophysical black holes. The extreme magnetic field is provided by a large number of Nielsen-Olesen type vortex lines piercing a black hole. In massive photon scenario the galactic magnetic field is a densely populated forest of overlapping magnetic flux tubes. These get trapped and collected by a black hole over a cosmological time-scale. The VTM mechanism neatly fits supermassive black holes with sizes matching the phenomenologically-acceptable values of the photon mass, and has implications for magnetic-field based particle acceleration. Even in absence of surrounding plasma, the near-saturated magnetic field is expected to result into an intense electromagnetic radiation as well as gravitational waves in black hole mergers. We provide a numerical simulation of the VTM phenomenon in a prototype system.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th2 citations
23. 23*

    Lattice calculation of the $D_s\mapsto X\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ inclusive decay rate: an overview

    Christiane Franziska Groß🇩🇪 · Alessandro De Santis🇮🇹

    In this talks, on behalf of our collaboration we present an overview of our first-principle lattice QCD calculation of the $D_s\mapsto X\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ inclusive decay rate. Here we introduce the theoretical background and focus on the methodological aspects of the calculation. A detailed discussion of our results, including the comparison with the corresponding experimental measurements will soon be presented in a forthcoming publication.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2025)·3 citations
24. 24*

    Projective Imaging of High-Energy Nuclei via Coherent Exclusive Vector Meson Production in Electron-Nucleus Collisions

    Maci Kesler🇺🇸 · Ashik Ikbal Sheikh🇺🇸 · Rongrong Ma🇺🇸 · Zhoudunming Tu🇺🇸 · Thomas Ullrich🇺🇸 · Zhangbu Xu🇺🇸

    One of the major goals of modern nuclear experiments is to study the distributions of gluons inside nuclei at high energy. A key measurement is the coherent exclusive vector meson (VM) production in diffractive electron-nucleus collisions, where the gluon spatial distribution inside the nucleus can be obtained through a Fourier transform of the squared nuclear momentum transfer ($|t|$) distribution. This research aims to overcome the two main obstacles of the $|t|$ measurement: limited precision in measuring $|t|$ arising from the momentum resolution of the outgoing electron and the overwhelming incoherent background. We demonstrate that by measuring the projected $|t|$ distribution along the direction perpendicular to the electron scattering plane, the effect of the outgoing electron's momentum resolution can be effectively mitigated, and the diffractive pattern is largely restored. Furthermore, we propose to measure the angular distribution of the VM's decay daughters to statistically remove the incoherent background.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPLB(2026)·5 citations
25. 25*

    Emergence of the polydeterminant in QCD

    Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱 · Michał Zakrzewski🇵🇱 · Shahriyar Jafarzade🇺🇸 · Robert D. Pisarski🇺🇸

    A generalization of the determinant appears in particle physics in effective Lagrangian interaction terms that model the chiral anomaly in Quantum Chromodynamics (PRD 97 (2018) 9, 091901 PRD 109 (2024) 7, L071502), in particular in connection to mesons. This \textit{polydeterminant function}, known in the mathematical literature as a mixed discriminant, associates $N$ distinct $N\times N$ complex matrices into a complex number and reduces to the usual determinant when all matrices are taken as equal. Here, we explore the main properties of the polydeterminant applied to (quantum) fields by using a formalism and a language close to high-energy physics approaches. We discuss its use as a tool to write down novel chiral anomalous Lagrangian terms and present an explicit illustrative model for mesons. Finally, the extension of the polydeterminant as a function of tensors is shown.

    ↳ math-phhep-lathep-phhep-th+1Lett.Math.Phys.(2025)·2 citations
26. 26*

    Massive vector field perturbations in the Schwarzschild spacetime from supersymmetric gauge theory

    Xian-Hui Ge🇨🇳 · Masataka Matsumoto🇨🇳 · Kilar Zhang🇨🇳

    We unify the dynamics of massive vector (Proca) fields in Schwarzschild spacetime with supersymmetric gauge theories through the Seiberg-Witten/quasinormal mode (SW/QNM) duality. By mapping Proca perturbations-specifically monopole and odd-parity modes governed by confluent Heun equations-to the quantum Seiberg-Witten curve, we establish a gauge-gravity correspondence. Leveraging instanton counting, we analytically compute QNM and quasi-bound state frequencies to high precision, resolving spectral properties non-perturbatively. Our results align with numerical benchmarks while extending the SW framework beyond scalar fields.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.HEgr-qchep-ph+2PRD(2025)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.