Wed·Jan 8, 2025Wednesday·January 8, 2025

1. 01*

   Rapidity asymmetry of jet-hadron correlation as a robust signal of diffusion wake induced by di-jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions

   Zhong Yang🇨🇳 · Xin-Nian Wang🇨🇳

   Diffusion wake accompanying a Mach cone is a unique feature of the medium response to projectiles traveling at a speed faster than the velocity of sound. This is also the case for jet-medium interaction inside the quark-gluon plasma in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. It leads to a depletion of soft hadrons in the opposite direction of the propagating jet and has been recently observed in $Z$-jet events of Pb+Pb collisions at LHC. In di-jet events, however, the diffusion wake of one jet usually overlaps with the medium-induced hadron enhancement of other jet without a clear signal except a reduction of the hadron enhancement, unless there is a large rapidity gap between the two jets. We propose to use the rapidity asymmetry of jet-hadron correlations in di-jets with a finite rapidity gap relative to that without, as a robust and background-free signal of the diffusion wake. The asymmetry emerges because the diffusion wake of one jet is shifted to a finite rapidity relative to the other jet. Consequently, a depletion of soft hadrons appears in the shifted rapidity region of the diffusion wake and an enhancement in the rapidity region of the other jet whose soft hadron enhancement is no longer or less reduced by the diffusion wake as in di-jets without a rapidity gap. We predict the rapidity asymmetry using both theoretical and mixed-event background subtraction for different values of the rapidity gap within the CoLBT-hydro model. Future measurements of this rapidity asymmetry with high statistics data on di-jets should provide more precise insights into the jet-induced diffusion wake and properties of the quark-gluon plasma.

   hep-phnucl-thPRL(2025)·14 citations
2. 02*

   Right-handed weak currents in neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ decays and ton scale $\beta \beta$ detectors

   H. Ejiri🇯🇵 · T. Fukuyama🇯🇵 · T. Sato🇯🇵

   Right handed weak-currents (RHCs) in the left-right (L-R) symmetric model for neutrinoless double beta decays (DBDs) of both the $0^{+}\to 0^{+}$ and $0^{+}\to 2^{+}$ transitions are discussed from both theoretical and experimental view points. $<\lambda >$ and $<\eta >$-terms are related by $<\lambda >/<\eta >\approx \tan \beta$, which is constrained in the regions of $1-60$ for SUSY grand unified theories (GUTs) and of $1-165$ for non-SUSY GUTs. The enhancement mechanisms of the $<\eta >$ term over the $<\lambda >$ term in the $0^{+}$ transition are shown, and the $\Delta$ isobar contribution to the NME for the transition to the 2${}^{+}$ state is found to be of the order of $20\%$ of the NME with the quenched weak coupling. The new and interesting RHC regions of $<\lambda >\approx 5\times 10^{-8}$ and $<\eta >\approx 1.5\times 10^{-10}$ are shown to be exclusively explored by measuring both the $\beta \beta$ and $\gamma$ rays associated with the ground and excited DBDs by means of the ton-scale DBD detectors for the IH (inverted hierarchy) $\nu$-masses. The actual RHCs to be studied depend on the RHC NMEs.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRC(2025)·1 citation
3. 03*

   Strange mesons with one dynamical gluon: A light-front approach

   Jiangshan Lan🇨🇳 · Jialin Chen🇨🇳 · Zhimin Zhu🇨🇳 · Chandan Mondal🇨🇳 · Xingbo Zhao🇨🇳 · James P. Vary🇺🇸

   We obtain the mass spectra of strange mesons using a light-front quantized Hamiltonian with Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) input, incorporating quark-antiquark and quark-antiquark-gluon Fock components, along with a three-dimensional confinement. We work within the basis light-front quantization framework. The resulting eigenvectors can simultaneously describe the kaon's electromagnetic form factor, decay constant, distribution amplitude, and quark and gluon distribution functions under QCD scale evolution. Using the obtained kaon parton distribution functions (PDFs), supplemented by established nuclear PDFs, we also predict the kaon-nucleus-induced Drell-Yan cross section, which is expected to be measured soon by COMPASS++/AMBER at CERN.

   hep-phnucl-thPLB(2025)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Unveiling the inner structure of the pion first excited state

   Xiaobin Wang🇨🇳 · Lei Chang🇨🇳

   By capturing the characteristics of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude for the pion excitation state, we construct an algebraic model to provide the overall features of the pion first excitation state parton distribution amplitude and distribution function. We find that, at the hadronic scale, the distribution amplitude of the excited state exhibits nodes, while the distribution function is unimodal, with a peak at $x=1/2$ and distinct concave and convex fluctuations in the valence region. These findings provide new insights into the partonic structure of excited mesons and contribute significantly to our understanding of hadronic excitations.

   hep-phCPC(2025)·1 citation
5. 05*

   Study of some properties of deconfined matter: Resummed perturbation theory and beyond

   Sumit🇮🇳

   The present thesis is devoted to the study of some of the features of the deconfined state of matter dubbed Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). The different properties of the extreme matter that have been studied in this thesis are next-to-leading order dispersion properties for soft-moving quarks, screening masses of mesons, drag and diffusion properties of heavy quarks, the specific shear viscosity of QGP and energy loss of heavy quarks propagating in QGP background. The theoretical techniques which are utilized in order to study these properties are mainly hard thermal loop effective theory, which is required when one is interested in studying the soft scale physics of the underlined theory QCD at finite temperatures, and the other techniques, which are utilized here is the nonperturbative resummation approach dubbed as Gribov quantization. This nonperturbative resummation deals with the magnetic scale of the theory through the Gribov mass parameter.

   hep-phnucl-th0 citations
6. 06*

   McMule -- a Monte Carlo generator for low energy processes

   Yannick Ulrich🇬🇧

   McMule, a Monte Carlo for MUons and other LEptons, implements many major QED processes at NNLO (eg. $ee\to ee$, $e\mu \to e\mu$, $ee\to \mu \mu$, $\ell p\to \ell p$, $\mu \to \nu \bar{\nu }e$) including effects from the lepton masses, making it suitable for predictions for low-energy experiments such as MUonE, CMD-III, PRad, or MUSE. Recently, McMule gained the ability to generate events at NNLO rather than just pre-defined differential distributions. To avoid negative event weights, it employs cellular resampling directly as part of the generation step which further reduces the fraction of negative weights.

   hep-ph6 citations
7. 07*

   Additional evidence of a new 690 GeV scalar resonance

   M. Consoli🇮🇹 · L. Cosmai🇮🇹 · F. Fabbri🇮🇹 · G. Rupp🇵🇹

   An alternative to the idea of a metastable electroweak vacuum would be an initial restriction to the pure scalar sector of the Standard Model, but describing spontaneous symmetry breaking consistently with studies indicating that there are two different mass scales in the problem: a mass scale $M_H$ associated with the zero-point energy and a mass scale $m_h$ defined by the quadratic shape of the potential at its minimum. Therefore, differently from perturbation theory where these two mass scales coincide, the Higgs field could exhibit a second resonance with mass $(M_H{)}^{\mathrm{Theor}}=690(30)$ GeV. This stabilises the potential, but the heavy Higgs $H$ would couple to longitudinal $W$s with the same typical strength as the low-mass state with $m_h=125$ GeV and so would still remain a relatively narrow resonance. While interesting signals from LHC experiments were previously pointed out, we have now enlarged our data sample, sharpened the analysis of some final states, and noted correlations between different channels that point directly to such a second resonance. The combined statistical evidence, even if roughly estimated, is thus so large that the observed deviations from the background cannot represent statistical fluctuations.

   hep-phhep-ex0 citations
8. 08*

   Reinvestigating the semileptonic $B\to D^{(\ast )}\tau {\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ decays in the model independent scenarios and leptoquark models

   Zhuo-Ran Huang🇨🇳 · Faisal Munir Bhutta🇵🇰 · Nimra Farooq🇵🇰 · M. Ali Paracha🇵🇰 · Ying Li🇨🇳

   In this work, we revisit the possible new physics (NP) solutions by analyzing the observables associated with $B\to D^{(\ast )}\tau {\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$ decays. To explore the structure of new physics, the form factors of $B\to D^{(\ast )}$ decays play a crucial role. In this study, we utilize the form factor results obtained from a simultaneous fit to Belle data and lattice QCD calculations. Using these form factors, we conduct a global fit of the new physics Wilson coefficients, incorporating the most recent experimental data. Additionally, we use the form factors and Wilson coefficients to make predictions for physical observables, including the lepton flavor universality ratio $R_{D^{(\ast )}}$, polarized observables, and the normalized angular coefficients $⟨I⟩$'s related to the four-fold decays $B\to D^{\ast }(\to D\pi ,D\gamma )\tau {\bar{\nu }}_{\tau }$. These predictions are calculated in both model-independent scenarios and for three different leptoquark models.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·7 citations
9. 09*

   Effective textures from a $[SU(3){]}^3$ flavored scalar sector

   A. Carrillo-Monteverde🇲🇽 · R. Escorcia Ramírez🇲🇽 · S. Gómez-Ávila🇲🇽 · L. Lopez-Lozano🇲🇽

   Current constraints on flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNCs) strongly indicate that any new physics emerging at the 1-10 TeV scale must adhere to the Minimal Flavor Violation (MFV) principle, where Yukawa couplings are the sole sources of flavor violation. In this work, we present a model inspired by a gauged $SU(3)$ flavor symmetry that dynamically generates leptonic Yukawa matrices through effective operators. The model incorporates a scalar sector with two sets of flavons, characterized by their vacuum expectation values (VEVs), which govern the suppression scale of the Yukawa couplings and the hierarchy of neutrino masses. By leveraging phenomenologically viable Yukawa textures, we derive restrictions on the flavon VEVs and demonstrate the compatibility of the model with experimental neutrino oscillation data. Furthermore, the model predicts at least one neutrino mass to be strongly suppressed, consistent with the normal mass ordering and experimental upper bounds. This framework provides a robust mechanism for dynamically generating neutrino masses and mixing while addressing key challenges in leptonic flavor physics, such as FCNC suppression and CP-violating phases.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2025)·0 citations
10. 10*

    Axion misalignment with memory-burdened PBH

    Disha Bandyopadhyay🇮🇳 · Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Nayan Das🇮🇳

    We study the possibility of producing axion dark matter (DM) via misalignment mechanisms in a non-standard cosmological era dominated by ultra-light primordial black holes (PBH). While the effect of PBH domination on the production of axion via vacuum misalignment is known assuming the PBH evaporation to proceed according to Hawking's semi-classical (SC) approximation, we go beyond these simplest possibilities to include kinetic misalignment of axion and backreaction effect of emitted particles on the PBH themselves, referred to as the memory-burden (MB) effect. We show that, depending upon the type of misalignment mechanism and PBH evaporation regime, the axion as well as PBH parameter space consistent with the observed DM relic changes significantly having interesting implications for axion detection experiments. PBH also offer complementary detection prospects via gravitational wave due to PBH density fluctuations and excess radiation due to emission of hot axions within reach of future cosmic microwave background experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2025)·13 citations
11. 11*

    Mixture-of-Experts Graph Transformers for Interpretable Particle Collision Detection

    Donatella Genovese🇮🇹 · Alessandro Sgroi🇮🇹 · Alessio Devoto🇮🇹 · Samuel Valentine🇬🇧 · Lennox Wood🇬🇧 · Cristiano Sebastiani🇨🇭 · Stefano Giagu🇮🇹 · Monica D'Onofrio🇬🇧 · Simone Scardapane🇮🇹

    The Large Hadron Collider at CERN produces immense volumes of complex data from high-energy particle collisions, demanding sophisticated analytical techniques for effective interpretation. Neural Networks, including Graph Neural Networks, have shown promise in tasks such as event classification and object identification by representing collisions as graphs. However, while Graph Neural Networks excel in predictive accuracy, their "black box" nature often limits their interpretability, making it difficult to trust their decision-making processes. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that combines a Graph Transformer model with Mixture-of-Expert layers to achieve high predictive performance while embedding interpretability into the architecture. By leveraging attention maps and expert specialization, the model offers insights into its internal decision-making, linking predictions to physics-informed features. We evaluate the model on simulated events from the ATLAS experiment, focusing on distinguishing rare Supersymmetric signal events from Standard Model background. Our results highlight that the model achieves competitive classification accuracy while providing interpretable outputs that align with known physics, demonstrating its potential as a robust and transparent tool for high-energy physics data analysis. This approach underscores the importance of explainability in machine learning methods applied to high energy physics, offering a path toward greater trust in AI-driven discoveries.

    ↳ cs.LGhep-phSci.Rep.(2025)·4 citations
12. 12*

    Is excess smoothing of Planck CMB ansiotropy data partially responsible for evidence for dark energy dynamics in other $w(z)$CDM parametrizations?

    Chan-Gyung Park🇰🇷 · Bharat Ratra🇺🇸

    We study spatially-flat dynamical dark energy parametrizations, $w(z)$CDM, with redshift-dependent dark energy equation of state parameter $w(z)$ expressed using three different quadratic and other polynomial forms (as functions of $1-a$, where $a$ is the scale factor), without and with a varying cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing consistency parameter $A_L$. We use Planck CMB anisotropy data (P18 and lensing) and a large, mutually-consistent non-CMB data compilation that includes Pantheon+ type Ia supernova, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), Hubble parameter ($H(z)$), and growth factor ($f{\sigma }_8$) measurements, but not recent DESI BAO data. The six $w(z)$CDM ($+A_L$) parametrizations show higher consistency between the CMB and non-CMB data constraints compared to the XCDM ($+A_L$) and $w_0{w}_a$CDM ($+A_L$) cases. Constraints from the most-restrictive P18+lensing+non-CMB data compilation on the six $w(z)$CDM ($+A_L$) parametrizations indicate that dark energy dynamics is favored over a cosmological constant by $\gtrsim 2\sigma$ when $A_L=1$, but only by $\gtrsim 1\sigma$ when $A_L$ is allowed to vary (and $A_L>1$ at $\sim 2\sigma$ significance). Non-CMB data dominate the P18+lensing+non-CMB compilation at low $z$ and favor quintessence-like dark energy. At high $z$ P18+lensing data dominate, favoring phantom-like dark energy with significance from $1.5\sigma$ to $2.9\sigma$ when $A_L=1$, and from $1.1\sigma$ to $1.8\sigma$ when $A_L$ varies. These results suggest that the observed excess weak lensing smoothing of some of the Planck CMB anistropy multipoles is partially responsible for the $A_L=1$ cases $\gtrsim 2\sigma$ evidence for dark energy dynamics over a cosmological constant.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2025)·56 citations
13. 13*

    Quark number susceptibility and conserved charge fluctuation for (2+1)-flavor QCD with Möbius domain wall fermions

    Jishnu Goswami🇯🇵 · Yasumichi Aoki🇯🇵 · Hidenori Fukaya🇯🇵 · Shoji Hashimoto🇯🇵 · Issaku Kanamori🇯🇵 · Takashi Kaneko🇯🇵 · Yoshifumi Nakamura🇯🇵 · Yu Zhang🇩🇪

    We present quark number susceptibilities and conserved charge fluctuations for (2+1)-flavor QCD using Möbius Domain Wall fermions with a pion mass of \(135~\rm{MeV}\). Our results are compared with hadron resonance gas models below the QCD transition temperature and with \(\mathcal{O}(g^2)\) perturbation theory at high temperatures. Additionally, we compare our findings with results from staggered fermion discretizations. Furthermore, we also present results of leading order Kurtosis of electric charge and strangeness fluctuations.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2025)·5 citations
14. 14*

    The Gallium Solar Neutrino Capture Cross Section Revisited

    W. C. Haxton🇺🇸 · Evan Rule🇺🇸

    Solar neutrino flux constraints from the legacy GALLEX/GNO and SAGE experiments continue to influence contemporary global analyses of neutrino properties. The constraints depend on the neutrino absorption cross sections for various solar sources. Following recent work updating the ${}^{51}$Cr and ${}^{37}$Ar neutrino source cross sections, we reevaluate the ${}^{71}$Ga solar neutrino cross sections, focusing on contributions from transitions to ${}^{71}$Ge excited states, but also revising the ground-state transition to take into account new ${}^{71}$Ge electron-capture lifetime measurements and various theory corrections. The excited-state contributions have been traditionally taken from forward-angle $(p,n)$ cross sections. Here we correct this procedure for the $\approx 10\%-20\%$ tensor operator contribution that alters the relationship between Gamow-Teller and $(p,n)$ transition strengths. Using state-of-the-art nuclear shell-model calculations to evaluate this correction, we find that it lowers the ${}^8$B and hep neutrino cross sections. However, the addition of other corrections, including contributions from near-threshold continuum states that radiatively decay, leads to an overall increase in the ${}^8$B and hep cross sections of $\approx 10\%$ relative to the values recommended by Bahcall. Uncertainties are propagated using Monte Carlo simulations.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thPLB(2025)·5 citations
15. 15*

    Search potential for direct slepton pair production at the CEPC with $\sqrt{s}$ = 360 GeV

    Feng Lyu🇨🇳 · Jiarong Yuan🇨🇳 · Huajie Cheng🇨🇳 · Jianxiong Wang🇨🇳 · Rabia Hameed🇨🇳 · Da Xu🇨🇳 · Xuai Zhuang🇨🇳

    The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is designed to operate at the key center-of-mass energies: 91.2 GeV as a Z factory for precision Z boson studies,$\approx$ 160 GeV at the threshold for W boson pair production, and 240 GeV as a Higgs factory for copious Higgs boson production. It can be upgraded to 360 GeV (CEPC-360GeV) for enabling top quark-antiquark ($t\bar{t}$) pair production. Beyond enabling high-precision measurements of the Standard Model (SM), CEPC-360GeV is uniquely position to perform searches for new physics beyond the SM (BSM) physics, serving as a valuable complement to hadron colliders. This paper presents a sensitivity study on the direct pair production of staus and smuons at the CEPC with $\sqrt{s}$ = 360 GeV, conducted via full Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Under the assumptions of integrated luminosity 1.0 ab^{-1} and a flat 5% systematic uncertainty, CEPC-360GeV could potentially discover the combined production of left-handed and right-handed staus up to a mass of 170 GeV (if they exist), or up to 169 GeV for pure left-handed staus and 162 GeV for pure right-handed staus. For direct smuon production, the discovery potential reaches up to 178 GeV under the same conditions.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phCPC(2026)·3 citations
16. 16*

    Determining the Duration of the Hadronic Stage at RHIC-BES Energies via Resonance Suppression Using a Full Set of Rate Equations

    Tim Neidig🇩🇪 · Apiwit Kittiratpattana🇩🇪 · Tom Reichert🇩🇪 · Amine Chabane🇩🇪 · Carsten Greiner🇩🇪 · Marcus Bleicher🇩🇪

    We present realistic estimates for the duration of the hadronic stage in central Au+Au reactions in the RHIC-BES energy regime. To this aim, we employ a full set of coupled rate equations to describe the time evolution of the system from chemical to kinetic freeze-out. Combined with the recently measured data by the STAR collaboration on $K^{\ast }/K$ ratios, we show that the previous estimates substantially underestimated the duration of this stage due to the omission of the regeneration of hadron resonances. We provide an improved relation between the $K^{\ast }/K$ ratio at chemical and kinetic freeze-out and the life time of the hadronic phase. The calculated improved life times are now in line with estimates from other methods and are relevant for the NA61 and STAR collaborations and for upcoming experiments at the FAIR facility.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPLB(2025)·5 citations
17. 17*

    Deep observations of the Type IIB flux landscape

    Aman Chauhan🇮🇳 · Michele Cicoli🇮🇹 · Sven Krippendorf🇬🇧 · Anshuman Maharana🇮🇳 · Pellegrino Piantadosi🇮🇹 · Andreas Schachner🇩🇪

    We present deep observations in targeted regions of the string landscape through a combination of analytic and dedicated numerical methods. Specifically, we devise an algorithm designed for the systematic construction of Type IIB flux vacua in finite regions of moduli space. Our algorithm is universally applicable across Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications and can be used to enumerate flux vacua in a region given sufficient computational efforts. As a concrete example, we apply our methods to a two-modulus Calabi-Yau threefold, demonstrating that systematic enumeration is feasible and revealing intricate structures in vacuum distributions. Our results highlight local deviations from statistical expectations, providing insights into vacuum densities, superpotential distributions, and moduli mass hierarchies. This approach opens pathways for precise, data-driven mappings of the string landscape, complementing analytic studies and advancing the understanding of the distribution of flux vacua. This allows us to obtain different types of solutions with hierarchical suppressions, e.g.~vacua with small values of the Gukov-Vafa-Witten superpotential $|W_0|$. We find an example with $|W_0|=5.547\times 10^{-5}$ at large complex structure, without light directions and the use of non-perturbative effects.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2025)·21 citations
18. 18*

    A Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield bound with a first-order system in the $2D$ Gross-Pitaevskii equation

    Fabrizio Canfora🇨🇱 · Pablo Pais🇨🇱

    A novel Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) bound for the Gross-Pitaevskii equations in two spatial dimensions is presented. The energy can be bounded from below in terms of the combination of two boundary terms, one related to the vorticity (but ``dressed'' by the condensate profile) and the second to the ``skewness'' of the configurations. The bound is saturated by configurations that satisfy a system of two first-order partial differential equations. When such a BPS system is satisfied, the Gross-Pitaevskii equations are also satisfied. The analytic solutions of this BPS system in the present manuscript represent configurations with fractional vorticity living in an annulus. Using these techniques, we present the first analytic examples of this kind. The hydrodynamical interpretation of the BPS system is discussed, and the implications of these results are outlined.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phhep-thnlin.SI+1EPJC(2025)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.