Thu·May 23, 2024Thursday·May 23, 2024

1. 01*

   Destabilizing Matter through a Long-Range Force

   Hooman Davoudiasl🇺🇸

   We consider a long-range force, mediated by an ultralight scalar, which can give rise to violation of baryon number. This would lead to very different lifetimes for nucleons in different astrophysical environments. Possible signals of this scenario include a flux of O(10 MeV) solar neutrinos or anomalous heating of old neutron stars; we find the latter to yield the strongest current bounds, which could be improved in the coming years. The ultralight scalar employed here can potentially be a good dark matter candidate.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR0 citations
2. 02*

   Azimuthal angular correlations in lepton pair production in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions

   Ya-jin Zhou🇨🇳

   The coherent photons induced by relativistic heavy ions are highly linearly polarized, in close analogy to the linear polarization of gluons in a large nucleus. We proposed to measure the photon polarization through azimuthal asymmetries in dilepton production in ultra-peripheral collisions. Our prediction for the asymmetries were soon confirmed by the STAR experiment with high precision. We refined our analysis recently by including the final state soft photon radiation effect beyond the double leading logarithm approximation. The azimuthal asymmetries and acoplanarity at relatively high transverse momentum provide unique opportunities to test the resummation formalism thanks to the extremely high photon flux in UPCs. Our results clearly show the feasibility to access the sub-leading resummation effects in UPCs at the RHIC and LHC.

   hep-phPhys.Proc.UPC(2024)·1 citation
3. 03*

   Analytic and numerical approaches for depictive 3-loop integrals using sector decomposition

   Elise de Doncker🇺🇸 · Tadashi Ishikawa🇯🇵 · Kiyoshi Kato🇯🇵 · Fukuko Yuasa🇯🇵

   Four 3-loop two-point functions are studied analytically and numerically using a simplified sector decomposition method. The coefficients of the ultraviolet divergent part are determined analytically, and those of the finite part are computed numerically. The energy dependence of the integrals is shown explicitly, and a discussion of its behavior is presented.

   hep-phPTEP(2024)·4 citations
4. 04*

   Qualitative explanation of the data on the decays $D^0\to a_0(980{)}^{\pm }{\pi }^{\mp }$ and $D^{+}\to a_0(980{)}^{+(0)}{\pi }^{0(+)}$ in the four-quark model of the $a_0(980)$ resonance

   N. N. Achasov🇷🇺 · G. N. Shestakov🇷🇺

   It is shown that the values of the ratios $\mathcal{B}(D^0\to a_0(980{)}^{+}{\pi }^{-})/\mathcal{B}(D^0\to a_0(980{)}^{-}{\pi }^{+})$ and $\mathcal{B}(D^{+}\to a_0(980{)}^{+}{\pi }^0)/\mathcal{B}(D^{+}\to a_0(980{)}^0{\pi }^{+})$, recently measured by the BESIII Collaboration, are naturally explained in the four-quark model of the $a_0(980)$ resonance.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·5 citations
5. 05*

   How Viable Is a QCD Axion near 10 MeV?

   Sudhakantha Girmohanta🇨🇳 · Shota Nakagawa🇨🇳 · Yuichiro Nakai🇨🇳 · Junxuan Xu🇨🇳

   There has been an attempt to revive the visible QCD axion at the 10 MeV scale assuming that it exclusively couples to the first-generation quarks and the electron. This variant of the QCD axion is claimed to remain phenomenologically viable, partly due to a clever model construction that induces tree-level pion-phobia and exploits uncertainties inherent in the chiral perturbation theory. We confront this model with the cosmological domain wall problem, the quality issue and constraints arising from the electron electric dipole moment. It is also pointed out that the gluon loop-generated axion-top coupling can provide a very large contribution to rare $B$-meson decays, such that the present LHCb data for $B^0\to K^{\ast 0}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}$ rule out the model for the axion mass larger than 30 MeV. There is a strong motivation for pushing the experimental analysis of $B\to K^{(\ast )}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}$ to a lower $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ invariant mass window, which will conclusively determine the fate of the model, as its contribution to this branching ratio significantly exceeds the Standard Model prediction.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exhep-thJHEP(2024)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Search for single vector-like $B$ quark production in hadronic final states at the LHC

   Bingfang Yang🇨🇳 · Zejun Li🇨🇳 · Xinglong Jia🇨🇳 · Stefano Moretti🇬🇧 · Liangliang Shang🇨🇳

   In this paper, we study the discovery potential of a Vector-Like $B$ quark (VLB) via the process $pp\to B(\to bZ)j\to b(Z\to {\nu }_l\overline{{\nu }_l})j$ at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV. In the framework of a simplified model, we perform a scan over its parameter space and test its viability following a Monte Carlo analysis developed to include all production and decay dynamics. We use cut-and-count combined with Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) methods to classify the signal and background events in order to improve the efficiency of signal identification and background rejection. We find that this approach can reduce background events significantly while the signal retention rate is much higher than that of traditional methods, thereby improving the VLB discovery potential. We then calculate the exclusion and discovery capabilities for VLBs and find that the advantages of the cut-and-count plus XGBoost method especially lie in the high-mass region, i.e., $m_B>1500\text{ GeV}$. We finally obtain the following LHC results in terms of the coupling and chiral structure of a singlet heavy VLB interactions: (i) for $g^{\ast }$=0.2 and $R_L=0$ with 3000 fb${}^{-1}$, the $B$ quark mass can be be excluded (discovered) up to 3000 GeV (2500 GeV); (ii) for $g^{\ast }$=0.2 and $R_L=0.5$ with 3000 fb${}^{-1}$, the exclusion (discovery) region can reach up to 4750 GeV (4250 GeV).

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·11 citations
7. 07*

   Minimal eclectic flavor group $Q_8⋊S_3$ and neutrino mixing

   Cai-Chang Li🇨🇳 · Jun-Nan Lu🇨🇳 · Gui-Jun Ding🇨🇳

   We perform a comprehensive analysis of the minimal eclectic flavor group $Q_8⋊S_3$ which is isomorphic to $GL(2,3)$, and all its irreducible representations are induced from the irreducible representations of $Q_8$ and $S_3$. The consistency conditions between EFG and generalized CP (gCP) symmetry are revisited, and we find the gCP symmetry compatible with the minimal EFG $Q_8⋊S_3$. The most general forms of Kähler potential and superpotential based on $Q_8⋊S_3$ are discussed, and the corresponding fermion mass matrices are presented. A concrete lepton model invariant under $Q_8⋊S_3$ and gCP is constructed, in which the experimental data of all six lepton masses and six mixing parameters can be successfully described through seven real input parameters. The model predicts a vanishing effective mass $m_{\beta \beta }$ in neutrinoless double beta decay.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·6 citations
8. 08*

   Equivariant neural networks for robust $\text{CP}$ observables

   Sergio Sánchez Cruz🇨🇭 · Marina Kolosova🇺🇸 · Clara Ramón Álvarez🇪🇸 · Giovanni Petrucciani🇨🇭 · Pietro Vischia🇪🇸

   We introduce the usage of equivariant neural networks in the search for violations of the charge-parity ($\text{CP}$) symmetry in particle interactions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We design neural networks that take as inputs kinematic information of recorded events and that transform equivariantly under the a symmetry group related to the $\text{CP}$ transformation. We show that this algorithm allows to define observables reflecting the properties of the $\text{CP}$ symmetry, showcasing its performance in several reference processes in top quark and electroweak physics. Imposing equivariance as an inductive bias in the algorithm improves the numerical convergence properties with respect to other methods that do not rely on equivariance and allows to construct optimal observables that significantly improve the state-of-the-art methodology in the searches considered.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·9 citations
9. 09*

   Model-independent extrapolation of MUonE data with Padé and D-Log approximants

   Diogo Boito🇧🇷 · Cristiane Y. London🇧🇷 · Pere Masjuan🇪🇸 · Camilo Rojas🇪🇸

   The MUonE experiment is designed to extract the hadronic contribution to the electromagnetic coupling in the space-like region, $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{had}}(t)$, from elastic $e\mu$ scattering. The leading order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g-2$, $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$, can then be obtained from a weighted integral over $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{had}}(t)$. This, however, requires knowledge of $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{had}}(t)$ in the whole domain of integration, which cannot be achieved by experiment. In this work, we propose to use Padé and D-Log Padé approximants as a systematic and model-independent method to fit and reliably extrapolate the future MUonE experimental data, extracting $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$ with a conservative but competitive uncertainty, using no, or very limited, external information. The method relies on fundamental analytic properties of the two-point correlator underlying $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$ and provides lower and upper bounds for the result for $a_{\mu }^{\mathrm{HVP},\mathrm{LO}}$. We demonstrate the reliability of the method using toy data sets generated from a model for $\Delta {\alpha }_{\mathrm{had}}(t)$ reflecting the expected statistics of the MUonE experiment.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·6 citations
10. 10*

    TMD Relations: Insights from a Light-Front Quark-Diquark Model

    Shubham Sharma🇮🇳 · Satyajit Puhan🇮🇳 · Narinder Kumar🇮🇳 · Harleen Dahiya🇮🇳

    In this work, we have established the relations between the T-even proton transverse momentum-dependent parton distributions (TMDs) at all twist levels up to twist-4 using the light-front quark diquark model (LFQDM). From the parameterization equations of TMDs, we have found that there are multiple ways by which a particular TMD can be expressed in terms of the helicities of the proton in the initial and final states. For the first time, we have presented a parameterization table that can be applied to the derivation and recognition of proton TMDs based on their helicity. We have constructed the linear and quadratic relationships of TMDs at the intra-twist and inter-twist levels within the same model. We have also looked at the inequality relations that TMDs follow. Additionally, to provide an easy access to the calculations, amplitude matrices have been expressed in the form of TMDs over all the possible helicities of the diquark.

    hep-phPTEP(2024)·6 citations
11. 11*

    History of N(1680)

    Igor Strakovsky (GWU)🇺🇸

    This paper describes my personal appreciation for some of the great research achievements of Mitya Diakonov, Vitya Petrov, and Maxim Polyakov and how my own research career has followed the paths they opened. Among the topics where they have been the most influential have been the pursuit and study of the exotic pentaquark. The search for exotics may require a complementary approach, such as experimental and theoretical activity. Here, I would like to focus on a story of $N(1680)$ in which I was involved.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.B(2025)·2 citations
12. 12*

    New global bounds on heavy neutrino mixing

    Daniel Naredo-Tuero🇪🇸

    We present an updated and improved global fit analysis of precision and flavor observables so as to derive constraints on deviations from unitarity in the leptonic mixing matrix. We focus on the case in which these deviations are sourced by heavy neutrinos, such that our results can also be interpreted as bounds on their mixing with the active flavors. Our analysis is motivated by new results on key observables, such as $M_W$, $|V_{ud}|$ and ${\Gamma }_{\text{inv}}$.

    hep-ph0 citations
13. 13*

    Flavor dependence of unpolarized quark Transverse Momentum Distributions from a global fit

    Alessandro Bacchetta🇮🇹 · Valerio Bertone🇫🇷 · Chiara Bissolotti🇺🇸 · Giuseppe Bozzi🇮🇹 · Matteo Cerutti🇺🇸 · Filippo Delcarro🇮🇹 · Marco Radici🇮🇹 · Lorenzo Rossi🇮🇹 · Andrea Signori (the MAP Collaboration)🇮🇹

    We present an extraction of the unpolarized transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions that takes into account possible differences between quark flavors and final-state hadrons. The extraction is based on experimental measurements from Drell-Yan processes and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering, whose combination is essential to distinguish flavor differences. The analysis is carried out at N${}^3$LL accuracy. The extracted flavor-dependent distributions give a very good description of the data (${\chi }^2/N_{\mathrm{dat}}=1.08$). The resulting uncertainties take fully into account also the uncertainties in the determination of the corresponding collinear distributions.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thJHEP(2024)·103 citations
14. 14*

    Resonant Conversion of Wave Dark Matter in the Ionosphere

    Carl Beadle🇨🇭 · Andrea Caputo🇨🇭 · Sebastian A. R. Ellis🇨🇭

    We consider resonant wave-like dark matter conversion into low-frequency radio waves in the Earth's ionosphere. Resonant conversion occurs when the dark matter mass and the plasma frequency coincide, defining a range $m_{\text{DM}}\sim 10^{-9}-10^{-8}$ eV where this approach is best suited. Owing to the non-relativistic nature of dark matter and the typical variational scale of the Earth's ionosphere, the standard linearized approach to computing dark matter conversion is not suitable. We therefore solve a second-order boundary-value problem, effectively framing the ionosphere as a driven cavity filled with a positionally-varying plasma. An electrically-small dipole antenna targeting the generated radio waves can be orders of magnitude more sensitive to dark photon and axion-like particle dark matter in the relevant mass range. The present study opens up a promising way of testing hitherto unexplored parameter space which could be further improved with a dedicated instrument.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRL(2024)·13 citations
15. 15*

    Gravitational Production of Heavy Particles during and after Inflation

    Davide Racco🇺🇸 · Sarunas Verner🇺🇸 · Wei Xue🇺🇸

    We investigate the gravitational production of a scalar field $\chi$ with a mass exceeding the Hubble scale during inflation $m_{\chi }\gtrsim H_I$, employing both analytical and numerical approaches. We demonstrate that the steepest descent method effectively captures the epochs and yields of gravitational production in a compact and simple analytical framework. These analytical results align with the numerical solutions of the field equation. Our study covers three spacetime backgrounds: de Sitter, power-law inflation, and the Starobinsky inflation model. Within these models, we identify two distinct phases of particle production: during and after inflation. During inflation, we derive an accurate analytic expression for the particle production rate, accounting for a varying Hubble rate. After inflation, the additional burst of particle production depends on the inflaton mass around its minimum. When this mass is smaller than the Hubble scale during inflation, $H_I$, there is no significant extra production. However, if the inflaton mass is larger, post-inflation production becomes the dominant contribution. Furthermore, we explore the implications of gravitationally produced heavy fields for dark matter abundance, assuming their cosmological stability.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·27 citations
16. 16*

    Contour gauge: Compendium of Results in Theory and Applications

    I.V. Anikin🇷🇺

    In this review, we outline the main features of the non-local gauge, named the contour gauge. The contour gauge belongs to the axial type of gauges and extends the local gauge used in the most of approaches. The geometry of gluon fields and the path-dependent formalism are the essential tools for the description of non-local gauges. The principle feature of the contour gauge is that there are no the residual gauges which are left in the finite domain of space. In the review, we present the useful correspondence between the contour gauge conception and the Hamiltonian (Lagrangian) formalism. The Hamiltonian formalism is turned out to be a very convenient framework for the understanding of contour gauges. The comprehensive comparison analysis of the local and non-local gauges advocates the advantage of the contour gauge use. We show that the appropriate use the contour gauge leads to the existence of extra diagram contributions. These additional contributions, first, restore the gauge invariance of the hadron tensor and, second, give the important terms for the observable quantities. We also demonstrate the significant role of the additional diagrams to form the relevant contour in the Wilson path-ordered exponential. Ultimately, it leads to the spurious singularity fixing. Moreover, in the present review, we discuss in detail the problem of spin and orbital angular momentum separation. We show that in $SU(3)$ gauge theories the gluon decomposition on the physical and pure gauge components has a strong mathematical evidence provided the contour gauge conception has been used. In addition, we prove that the contour gauge possesses the special kind of residual gauge that manifests at the boundary of space. Besides, the boundary field configurations can be associated with the pure gauge fields.

    hep-phhep-thPhys.Part.Nucl.(2025)·2 citations
17. 17*

    Fundamental physics with the Lyman-alpha forest: constraints on the growth of structure and neutrino masses from SDSS with effective field theory

    Mikhail M. Ivanov🇺🇸 · Michael W. Toomey🇺🇸 · Naim Göksel Karaçaylı🇺🇸

    We present an effective field theory (EFT) approach to extract fundamental cosmological parameters from the Lyman-alpha forest flux fluctuations as an alternative to the standard simulation-based techniques. As a first application, we re-analyze the publicly available one-dimensional Lyman-alpha flux power spectrum data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our analysis relies on informative priors on EFT parameters which we extract from a combination of public hydrodynamic simulation and emulator data. Assuming the concordance cosmological model, our one-parameter analysis yields a $2\%$ measurement of the late time mass fluctuation amplitude ${\sigma }_8=0.841\pm 0.017$, or equivalently, the structure growth parameter $S_8=0.852\pm 0.017$, consistent with the standard cosmology. This result is obtained assuming that non-linear EFT parameters are cosmology-independent functions of the linear bias parameter. When this assumption is loosened, the limit degrades by a factor of 3, suggesting that informative priors are necessary for competitive constraints. Combining our EFT likelihood with Planck + baryon acoustic oscillation data, we find a new constraint on the total neutrino mass, $\sum m_{\nu }<$ 0.08 eV (at 95\% CL). Our study defines priorities for the development of EFT methods and sets the benchmark for cosmological analyses of the Lyman-alpha forest data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRL(2025)·45 citations
18. 18*

    Accelerating universe at early and late times in extended Jordan-Brans-Dicke gravity

    Kunio Kaneta🇯🇵 · Kin-ya Oda🇯🇵 · Motohiko Yoshimura🇯🇵

    We propose a scenario that can explain the early-time inflation and the late-time dark energy within a unified framework. A scalar potential combining power-law and exponential type in a context of extended Jordan-Brans-Dicke gravity is critically important for this realization. A realistic scenario can be achieved in a two-field model in which one directional motion in field space realizes the slow-roll inflation. The inflaton ends up with oscillatory period and turns its direction to another direction that is identified as the quintessence field, giving rise to the dark energy at late times. The inflaton oscillation is expected to realize efficient heating if parametric amplification works. Along the quintessence direction, the present universe is on the way to reach the asymptotic fixed point. We search for successful parameter region, taking potential function in the form of low-order field powers times decreasing exponential in two dimensional field space.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2024)·2 citations
19. 19*

    Induced Isotensor Interactions in Heavy-Ion Double-Charge-Exchange Reactions and the Role of Initial and Final State Interactions

    Horst Lenske · Jessica Bellone · Danilo Gambacurta · José-Antonio Lay

    The role of initial state (ISI) and final state (FSI) ion-ion interactions in heavy-ion double-charge-exchange (DCE) reactions $A(Z,N)\to A(Z\pm 2,N\mp 2)$ are studied for double single-charge-exchange (DSCE) reactions given by sequential actions of the isovector nucleon-nucleon (NN) T-matrix. In momentum representation, the second-order DSCE reaction amplitude is shown to be given in factorized form by projectile and target nuclear matrix elements and a reaction kernel containing ISI and FSI. Expanding the intermediate propagator in a Taylor series with respect to auxiliary energy allows us to perform the summation in the leading-order term over intermediate nuclear states in closure approximation. %Please ensure meaning has been retained - corrected HL. The nuclear matrix element attains a form given by the products of two-body interactions directly exciting the $n^2{p}^{-2}$ and $p^2{n}^{-2}$ DCE transitions in the projectile and the target nucleus, respectively. %Please ensure meaning has been retained - corrected HL. A surprising result is that the intermediate propagation induces correlations between the transition vertices, showing that DSCE reactions are a two-nucleon process that resembles a system of interacting spin-isospin dipoles. Transformation of the DSCE NN T-matrix interactions from the reaction theoretical t-channel form to the s-channel operator structure required for spectroscopic purposes is elaborated in detail, showing that, in general, a rich spectrum of spin scalar, spin vector and higher-rank spin tensor multipole transitions will contribute to a DSCE reaction. Similarities (and differences) to two-neutrino double-beta decay (DBD) are discussed. ISI/FSI distortion and absorption effects are illustrated in black sphere approximation and in an illustrative application to data.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exUniverse(2024)·8 citations
20. 20*

    Rare and Exotic Higgs decays at ATLAS and CMS

    Pallabi Das (on behalf of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations)🇺🇸

    After the Higgs boson discovery in 2012, the experiments at the LHC are continuing to study this particle and look for physics beyond the standard model. Some of the Higgs boson properties, such as the mass, has been measured with sub-percent level accuracy. Yet the present integrated luminosity is still a limiting factor for measuring the Higgs boson self-coupling or the first generation Yukawa couplings. The current constraints on the Higgs boson couplings would still allow for a sizeable branching fraction into undetected final states, which motivates the direct searches for rare and exotic decay modes. This presentation discusses several new results from these searches utilizing advanced online selection methods or analysis techniques with the entire Run 2 data.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph1 citation
21. 21*

    Theory of Majorana-Type Heavy Ion Double Charge Exchange Reactions by Pion--Nucleon Isotensor Interactions

    Horst Lenske🇩🇪 · Jessica Bellone🇮🇹 · Maria Colonna🇮🇹 · Danilo Gambacurta🇮🇹

    The theory of heavy ion double charge exchange (DCE) reactions proceeding by effective rank-2 isotensor interactions is presented. Virtual pion--nucleon charge exchange interactions are investigated as the source for induced isotensor interactions, giving rise to the Majorana DCE (MDCE) reaction mechanism. MDCE is of a generic character, proceeding through pairs of complementary (${\pi }^{\pm },{\pi }^{\mp }$) reactions in the projectile and target nucleus. The dynamics of the elementary processes is discussed, where the excitation of pion--nucleon resonances are of central importance. Investigations of initial and final state ion--ion interactions show that these effects are acting as vertex renormalizations. In closure approximation, well justified by the finite pion mass, the second-order transition matrix elements reduce to pion potentials and effective two-body isotensor DCE interactions, giving rise also to two-body correlations in either of the participating nuclei. Connections to neutrinoless Majorana double beta decay (MDBD) are elucidated at various levels of the dynamics, from the underlying fundamental electro-weak and QCD scales to the physical scales of nuclear MDBD and MDCE physics. It is pointed out that heavy ion MDCE reactions may also proceed by competing electro-weak charge exchange processes, leading to lepton MDCE by electrons, positrons, and neutrinos.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exUniverse(2024)·9 citations
22. 22*

    On the properties of qudits

    A. B. Balantekin🇺🇸 · Anna M. Suliga🇺🇸

    Motivated by the growing interest in the applications of quantum information science in astrophysical settings, especially for the neutrino transport in compact objects where three-flavors of neutrinos need to be mapped on qutrits, we review properties of one- and two-qudit systems. We contrast two-qubit and two-qudits systems by pointing out how some of the properties of two-qubit systems generalize to higher dimensions and explore emerging new properties for dimensions three or higher. One example is provided by the Werner states: when the density operator is written in the fundamental representation, we show that only two-qubit Werner states can be pure states, but not two-qudit Werner states when the qudit dimension is larger than two.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phnucl-thEPJA(2024)·8 citations
23. 23*

    Natural Inflation with Exponentially Small Tensor-To-Scalar Ratio

    Dario L. Lorenzoni🇨🇦 · David I. Kaiser🇺🇸 · Evan McDonough🇨🇦

    We demonstrate that "natural inflation", also known as "axion inflation", can be compatible with Planck 2018 measurements of the cosmic microwave background, while predicting an exponentially small tensor-to-scalar ratio, e.g., $r\sim 10^{-15}$. The strong suppression of $r$ arises from dynamics of the radial component of the complex scalar field, whose phase is the axion. Such tiny values of $r$ remain well below the threshold for detection by CMB-S4 or Simons Observatory B-mode searches. The model is testable with the running ${\alpha }_s$ of the spectral index, which is within reach of next-generation CMB and large-scale structure experiments, motivating the running as a primary science goal for future experiments.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·18 citations
24. 24*

    Inverse Radon transforms: analytical and Tikhonov-like regularizations of inversion

    I.V. Anikin🇷🇺 · Xurong Chen🇨🇳

    We study the influence of analytical regularization used in the generalized function (distribution) space to the Tikhonov regularization procedure utilized in the different versions of Moore-Penrose's inversion. By introducing a new analytical term to the Tikhonov regularization of Moore-Penrose's inversion procedure, we derive new optimization conditions that extend the Tikhonov regularization framework and influence the fitting parameter. This enhancement yields a more robust and accurate reconstruction of physical quantities, demonstrating its potential impact on various studies. We illustrate the significance of new term through schematic examples of physical applications, highlighting its relevance to diverse fields. Our findings provide a valuable tool for improving inversion methods and their applications in physics and beyond.

    ↳ physics.comp-phhep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2024)·3 citations
25. 25*

    The optimization of paths in the $R^{3,1}$ space time by Markov Chain Monte Carlos

    Sadataka Furui🇯🇵 · Serge Dos Santos🇫🇷

    We propose a method to obtain the optimal weight function of 9 paths in (3+1)D space-time whose length is less than or equal to $2\times (6+2)$ lattice units. The factor 2 comes from inclusion of opposite direction path or time reversed paths. There are $2\times 2$ time shifts, which we assume that they can be regarded as stochastic Markov processes. We prepare the input 9D vector $\mathbf{X}$ and a $9\times 9$ matrix $\mathbf{W}$ and a bias vector $\mathbf{b}$, and consider affine transformations ${\mathbf{Z}}^{(h)}={\mathbf{X}}^{(in)}{\mathbf{W}}^{(h)T}+{\mathbf{b}}^{(h)}$ and ${\mathbf{A}}^{(h)}=\sigma ({\mathbf{Z}}^{(h)})$ from an input layer to a hidden layer, the hidden layer to another hidden layer and from the hidden layer to an output layer, using the transformation ${\mathbf{Z}}^{(x)}={\mathbf{A}}^{(h)}{\mathbf{W}}^{(out)T}+{\mathbf{b}}^{(x)}$ and ${\mathbf{A}}^{(x)}=\sigma ({\mathbf{Z}}^{(x)})$. By choosing the matrix $\mathbf{W}$ a diagonal matrix, and introducing the information of action of the 9 paths, a simple Monte Carlo simulation yields actions on a 2D plane spanned by $e_1,e_2$ for a fixed $u_2=j_2{e}_2$ as a function of $u_1=j_1{e}_1$. The action at high momentum region has small fluctuations, but at small momentum region, has large fluctuation. Generalizing $\mathbf{W}$ including mixing of paths, we search the optimal weight function using the Machine Learning (ML) techniques. For fixed point actions, actions of the output layer are defined by the output of final hidden layer

    ↳ hep-lathep-ph0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.