Mon·Nov 13, 2023Monday·November 13, 2023

1. 01*

   On the Possible Asymmetry in Gamma Rays from Andromeda Due to Inverse Compton Scattering of Star Light on Electrons from Dark Matter Annihilation

   Konstantin Belotsky🇷🇺 · Maxim Solovyov🇷🇺

   Dark matter is a popular candidate to a new source of primary-charged particles, especially positrons in cosmic rays, which are proposed to account for observable anomalies. While this hypothesis of decaying or annihilating DM is mostly applied for our Galaxy, it could possibly lead to some interesting phenomena when applied for the other ones. In this work, we look into the hypothetical asymmetry in gamma radiation from the upper and lower hemisphere of the dark matter halo of the Andromeda galaxy due to inverse Compton scattering of starlight on the DM-produced electrons and positrons. While our 2D toy model raises expectations for the possible effect, a more complex approach gives negligible effect for the dark halo case, but shows some prospects for a dark disk~model.

   hep-phastro-ph.GAastro-ph.HEGalaxies(2023)·0 citations
2. 02*

   Towards a systematic study of non-thermal leptogenesis from inflaton decays

   Xinyi Zhang🇨🇳

   This paper investigates non-thermal leptogenesis from inflaton decays in the minimal extension of the canonical type-I seesaw model, where a complex singlet scalar $\varphi$ is introduced to generate the Majorana masses of right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) and to play the role of inflaton. First, we systematically study non-thermal leptogenesis with the least model dependence. We give a general classification of the parameter space and find four characteristic limits by carefully examining the interplay between inflaton decay into RHNs and the decay of RHNs into the standard-model particles. Three of the four limits are truly non-thermal, with a final efficiency larger than that of thermal leptogenesis. Two analytic estimates for these three limits are provided with working conditions to examine the validity. In particular, we find that the {\it strongly non-thermal RHNs} scenario occupies a large parameter space, including the oscillation-preferred $K$ range, and works well for a relatively-low reheating temperature $T_{\mathrm{RH}}^{}\ge 10^3\mathrm{GeV}$, extending the lower bound on the RHN mass to $2\times 10^7\mathrm{GeV}$. The lepton flavor effects are discussed. Second, we demonstrate that such a unified picture for inflation, neutrino masses, and baryon number asymmetry can be realized by either a Coleman-Weinberg potential (for the real part of $\varphi$) or a natural inflation potential (for the imaginary part of $\varphi$). The allowed parameter ranges for successful inflation and non-thermal leptogenesis are much more constrained than those without inflationary observations. We find that non-thermal leptogenesis from inflaton decay offers a testable framework for the early Universe. It can be further tested with upcoming cosmological and neutrino data. The model-independent investigation of non-thermal leptogenesis should be useful in exploring this direction.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·23 citations
3. 03*

   Softly Broken Hidden Symmetry in Every Renormalizable Field Theory

   Ernest Ma🇺🇸

   It is pointed out that every renormalizable field theory has a symmetry which is hidden in plain sight. In all practical cases, it is also broken softly, either explicitly or spontaneously. The soft explicit breaking mass terms may be assumed naturally small compared to the scalar mass-squared terms. Implications for extensions of the standard model are discussed. New left-right model of two-loop radiative Dirac neutrino mass is proposed.

   hep-phhep-thNPB(2025)·6 citations
4. 04*

   $\mathcal{O}\left(m{\alpha }^2(Z\alpha {)}^6\right)$ contribution to Lamb shift from radiative corrections to the Wichmann-Kroll potential

   Petr A. Krachkov🇷🇺 · Roman N. Lee🇷🇺

   We derive an analytical expression for the contribution of the order $m{\alpha }^2(Z\alpha {)}^6$ to the hydrogen Lamb shift which comes from the diagrams for radiative corrections to the Wichmann-Kroll potential. We use modern methods of multiloop calculations, based on IBP reduction, DRA method and differential equations.

   hep-phphysics.atom-phJHEP(2023)·4 citations
5. 05*

   ERNIE: A Reactor Antineutrino Inverse Beta Decay Event Generator

   Murat Altınlı🇹🇷 · Halil Gamsızkan🇹🇷

   We present ERNIE, a computer program which generates nuclear reactor electron antineutrinos and inverse beta decay events induced by these particles, using the Monte-Carlo method. The program allows the usage of different antineutrino energy spectra models and can simulate the time evolution of the overall antineutrino spectrum because of the burn-up effect. The output of the program can readily be used in detector simulations made with eg. GEANT 4.

   hep-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2023)·3 citations
6. 06*

   SusHi 2.0 -- Higgs production cross sections in BSM models

   Sven Yannick Klein🇩🇪

   A new upcoming version of SusHi is introduced. It features unified input for the Standard Model (SM) and beyond the SM models (BSM) parameters for higher-order total cross sections for Higgs production in gluon fusion, heavy-quark annhilation, as well as Higgsstrahlung. Like previous versions of SusHi, it provides links to codes like 2HDMC and FeynHiggs, but can also process standard SLHA output of spectrum generators like SOFTSUSY and SPheno.

   hep-phPoS(2024)·1 citation
7. 07*

   Holographic Odderon at TOTEM ?

   Florian Hechenberger🇦🇹 · Kiminad A. Mamo🇺🇸 · Ismail Zahed🇺🇸

   We consider the contribution of the Odderon to diffractive $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ elastic scattering at large center of mass energy. We identify the Odderon and Pomeron with the Reggeized $1^{\pm -}$ and $2^{++}$ glueballs in the bulk, respectively. We use for the gravity dual description the repulsive wall model, to account for the proper Gribov diffusion for off-forward scattering. The eikonalized and unitarized amplitudes exhibit a vanishingly small rho-parameter, and a slope parameter fixed by twice the closed string slope. The results for the differential and total cross sections are compared to the empirical results reported recently by the TOTEM collaboration.

   hep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2024)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Kinematical higher-twist corrections in ${\gamma }^{\ast }\to M_1{M}_2\gamma$: Charged meson production

   Bernard Pire🇫🇷 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳

   Generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) of mesons can be probed by the reactions $e^{-}{e}^{+}\to M_1{M}_2\gamma$, which are accessible at electron-positron colliders such as BESIII and Belle II. After discussing the neutral meson production case in the first paper of this series \cite{Pire:2023kng}, we discuss here the complementary case of the charged meson ($M^{+}{M}^{-}$) production, where one can extract the complete information on GDAs from the interference of the amplitudes of the two competing processes where the photon is emitted either in the initial or in the final state. Considering the importance of the charged meson production, we present a complete expression for the interference term of the cross section which is experimentally accessible thanks to its charge conjugation specific property. We adopt two types of models for leading twist $\pi \pi$ GDAs to estimate the size of the interference term in the process $e^{-}{e}^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$ numerically, namely a model extracted from previous experimental results on ${\gamma }^{\ast }\gamma \to {\pi }^0{\pi }^0$ at Belle and the asymptotic form predicted by QCD evolution equations. We include in the calculation the kinematical power suppressed (sometimes called kinematical higher-twist) corrections up to $1/Q^2$ for the helicity amplitudes. Both models of GDAs indicate that the kinematical corrections are not negligible for the interference term of the cross section measured at BESIII, thus it is necessary to include them if we try to extract the GDAs precisely. On the other side, the kinematical corrections are very tiny for the measurements at Belle II, and the leading twist-2 formula of the interference term will be good enough to describe the charge conjugation odd part of the differential cross section.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·8 citations
9. 09*

   Double Distributions and Pseudo-Distributions

   A.V. Radyushkin🇺🇸

   We describe the approach to lattice extraction of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) that is based on the use of the double distributions (DDs) formalism within the pseudo-distribution framework. The advantage of using DDs is that GPDs obtained in this way have the mandatory polynomiality property, a non-trivial correlation between $x$- and $\xi$-dependences of GPDs. Another advantage of using DDs is that the $D$-term appears as an independent entity in the DD formalism rather than a part of GPDs $H$ and $E$. We relate the $\xi$-dependence of GPDs to the width of the $\alpha$-profiles of the corresponding DDs, and discuss strategies for fitting lattice-extracted pseudo-distributions by DDs.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2024)·9 citations
10. 10*

    Open and hidden strangeness with kaons and $\phi$-mesons in Bjorken energy density approach for central A+A collisions from SPS to LHC

    O. Shaposhnikova🇷🇺 · A. Marova🇷🇺 · G. Feofilov🇷🇺

    We use the available data on $<dN/dy>$ and $<p_T>$ for the identified hadrons including ${\pi }^{+}+{\pi }^{-}$, $K^{+}+K^{-}$, $p+\overline{p}$, $K^{\ast }(892{)}^0$ and $\phi$-mesons, registered at midrapidity ($|y|<0.5)$ in central 0-5% Au-Au, Pb-Pb and Xe+Xe collisions in a broad range of energies in order to compare the relative contributions to the Bjorken energy density. Particles, like strangeness-neutral $\phi$-meson (a system of $s\overline{s})$ quarks) and K-meson (containing single s-quark), are of specific interest because they might have different production mechanisms and differ in sensitivity to the properties of the QGP-medium formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phhep-exPhys.Part.Nucl.(2024)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Non-universal Milan factors for QCD jets

    Farid Hounat🇬🇧

    Using the dispersive method we perform a two-loop analysis of the leading non-perturbative power correction to the change in jet transverse momentum $p_T$, in the small $R$ limit of a Cambridge-Aachen jet clustering algorithm. We frame the calculation in such a way so as to maintain connection with the universal "Milan factor" that corrects for the naive inclusive treatment of the leading hadronization corrections. We derive an enhancement factor that differs from the universal Milan factor computed for event-shape variables as well as the corresponding enhancement factor previously derived for the $k_t$ algorithm. Our calculation directly exploits the soft and triple-collinear limit of the QCD matrix element and phase space, which is relevant for capturing the coefficient of the leading $1/R$ power correction. As an additional check on our new calculational framework, we also independently confirm the known result for the $k_t$ algorithm.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·1 citation
12. 12*

    SMEFT at NNLO$+$PS: $Vh$ production

    Rhorry Gauld🇩🇪 · Ulrich Haisch🇩🇪 · Luc Schnell🇩🇪

    In the context of the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) the next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) QCD corrections to the Higgsstrahlungs ($Vh$) processes in hadronic collisions are calculated and matched to a parton shower (PS). NNLO+PS precision is achieved for the complete sets of SMEFT operators that describe the interactions between the Higgs and two vector bosons and the couplings of the Higgs, a $W$ or a $Z$ boson, and light fermions. A POWHEG-BOX implementation of the computed NNLO SMEFT corrections is provided that allows for a realistic exclusive description of $Vh$ production at the level of hadronic events. This feature makes it an essential tool for future Higgs characterisation studies by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. Utilising our new Monte Carlo code the numerical impact of NNLO+PS corrections on the kinematic distributions in $pp\to Zh\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}h$ production is explored, employing well-motivated SMEFT benchmark scenarios.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2024)·17 citations
13. 13*

    A Portable Parton-Level Event Generator for the High-Luminosity LHC

    Enrico Bothmann🇩🇪 · Taylor Childers🇺🇸 · Walter Giele🇺🇸 · Stefan Höche🇺🇸 · Joshua Isaacson🇺🇸 · Max Knobbe🇩🇪

    The rapid deployment of computing hardware different from the traditional CPU+RAM model in data centers around the world mandates a change in the design of event generators for the Large Hadron Collider, in order to provide economically and ecologically sustainable simulations for the high-luminosity era of the LHC. Parton-level event generation is one of the most computationally demanding parts of the simulation and is therefore a prime target for improvements. We present a production-ready leading-order parton-level event generation framework capable of utilizing most modern hardware and discuss its performance in the standard candle processes of vector boson and top-quark pair production with up to five additional jets.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.comp-phSciPost Phys.(2024)·40 citations
14. 14*

    Baryogenesis through Asymmetric Reheating in the Mirror Twin Higgs

    Gonzalo Alonso-Álvarez🇨🇦 · David Curtin🇨🇦 · Andrija Rasovic🇨🇦 · Zhihan Yuan🇨🇦

    We present the $\nu \varphi$MTH, a Mirror Twin Higgs (MTH) model realizing asymmetric reheating, baryogenesis and twin-baryogenesis through the out-of-equilibrium decay of a right-handed neutrino without any hard ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ breaking. The MTH is the simplest Neutral Naturalness solution to the little hierarchy problem and predicts the existence of a twin dark sector related to the Standard Model (SM) by a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry that is only softly broken by a higher twin Higgs vacuum expectation value. The asymmetric reheating cools the twin sector compared to the visible one, thus evading cosmological bounds on $\Delta N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. The addition of (twin-)colored scalars allows for the generation of the visible baryon asymmetry and, by the virtue of the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry, also results in the generation of a twin baryon asymmetry. We identify a unique scenario with top-philic couplings for the new scalars that can satisfy all cosmological, proton decay and LHC constraints; yield the observed SM baryon asymmetry; and generate a wide range of possible twin baryon DM fractions, from negligible to unity. The viable regime of the theory contains several hints as to the possible structure of the Twin Higgs UV completion. Our results motivate the search for the rich cosmological and astrophysical signatures of twin baryons, and atomic dark matter more generally, at cosmological, galactic and stellar scales.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·20 citations
15. 15*

    Broad Sterile Neutrinos & the Reactor/Gallium Tension

    Hannah Banks🇬🇧 · Kevin J. Kelly🇺🇸 · Matthew McCullough🇨🇭 · Tao Zhou🇺🇸

    Significant evidence exists for the apparent disappearance of electron-type neutrinos in radioactive source experiments. Yet, interpreted within the standard `3+1 sterile neutrino scenario', precision short-baseline measurements of electron antineutrinos from nuclear reactors strongly disagree with these results. Recently, it has been demonstrated that allowing for a finite wavepacket size for the reactor neutrinos can ameliorate such a tension, however the smallness of the required wavepackets is a subject of intense debate. In this work, we demonstrate that a `broad' sterile neutrino may relax this tension in much the same way. Such a phenomenological possibility can arise in plausible hidden sector scenarios, such as a clockwork-style sector, for which we provide a concrete microscopic model.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·8 citations
16. 16*

    A Comparative Study of Criticality Conditions for Anomalous Dimensions using Exact Results in an $\mathcal{N}=1$ Supersymmetric Gauge Theory

    Thomas A. Ryttov🇩🇰 · Robert Shrock🇺🇸

    Two of the conditions that have been suggested to determine the lower boundary of the conformal window in asymptotically free gauge theories are the linear condition, ${\gamma }_{\bar{\psi }\psi ,IR}=1$, and the quadratic condition, ${\gamma }_{\bar{\psi }\psi ,IR}(2-{\gamma }_{\bar{\psi }\psi ,IR})=1$, where ${\gamma }_{\bar{\psi }\psi ,IR}$ is the anomalous dimension of the operator $\bar{\psi }\psi$ at an infrared fixed point in a theory. We compare these conditions as applied to an $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric gauge theory with gauge group $G$ and $N_f$ pairs of massless chiral superfields $\Phi$ and $\tilde{\Phi }$ transforming according to the respective representations $\mathcal{R}$ and $\bar{\mathcal{R}}$ of $G$. We use the fact that ${\gamma }_{\bar{\psi }\psi ,IR}$ and the value $N_f=N_{f,cr}$ at the lower boundary of the conformal window are both known exactly for this theory. In contrast to the case with a non-supersymmetric gauge theory, here we find that in higher-order calculations, the linear condition provides a more accurate determination of $N_{f,cr}$ than the quadratic condition when both are calculated to the same finite order of truncation in a scheme-independent expansion.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPRD(2023)·2 citations
17. 17*

    Coherent interactions of a fast proton with a short-range $NN$ correlation in the nucleus

    A.B. Larionov🇷🇺 · Yu.N. Uzikov🇷🇺

    Nuclear structure at short $NN$-distances is still poorly understood. In particular, the full quantum structure of the nucleus with a correlated $NN$-pair is a challenge to theory. So far, model descriptions have been limited to the average mean-field picture of the remaining nuclear system after removing the $NN$-pair. In the recent experiment of the BM@N Collaboration at JINR \cite{Patsyuk:2021fju}, the reactions ${}^{12}\text{mbox}C(p,2p{n}_s{)}^{10}\text{mbox}B$ and ${}^{12}\text{mbox}C(p,2p{p}_s{)}^{10}\text{mbox}Be$ induced by the hard elastic $pp$ scattering were studied. Here, $n_s$ or $p_s$ denote the undetected slow nucleon in the rest frame of ${}^{12}\text{mbox}C$. In contrast to the previous experiments, the residual bound nucleus was also detected which requires a new level of theoretical understanding. In the present work, we apply the technique of fractional parentage coefficients of the translationally-invariant shell model (TISM) to calculate the spectroscopic amplitude of the system $NN-B$ where $B$ is the remaining nuclear system. The spectroscopic amplitude enters the full amplitude of a nuclear reaction. The relative $NN-B$ wave function is no longer a free parameter of the model but is uniquely related to the internal state of $B$. The interaction of the target proton with the $NN$-pair is considered in the impulse approximation. We also include the initial- and final state interactions of absorptive type as well as the single charge exchange processes. Our calculations are in a reasonable agreement with the BM@N data.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·2 citations
18. 18*

    Some basic features of canonical ensemble in noncommutative spaces

    S. A. Alavi🇮🇷

    We calculate the corrections due to noncommutativity of space on the Hamiltonian and then partition function of the canonical ensemble. We study some basic features of statistical mechanics and thermodynamics including equipartition and virial theorem and energy fluctuations: correspondence with microcanonical ensemble, in the framework of non-commutative canonical ensemble. The corrections imposed by noncommutativity of space are derived and the results are discussed.

    ↳ cond-mat.stat-mechhep-phhep-thquant-ph0 citations
19. 19*

    Hunting WIMPs with LISA: Correlating dark matter and gravitational wave signals

    Torsten Bringmann🇳🇴 · Tomás E. Gonzalo🇩🇪 · Felix Kahlhoefer🇩🇪 · Jonas Matuszak🇩🇪 · Carlo Tasillo🇩🇪

    The thermal freeze-out mechanism in its classical form is tightly connected to physics beyond the Standard Model around the electroweak scale, which has been the target of enormous experimental efforts. In this work we study a dark matter model in which freeze-out is triggered by a strong first-order phase transition in a dark sector, and show that this phase transition must also happen close to the electroweak scale, i.e. in the temperature range relevant for gravitational wave searches with the LISA mission. Specifically, we consider the spontaneous breaking of a $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ gauge symmetry through the vacuum expectation value of a scalar field, which generates the mass of a fermionic dark matter candidate that subsequently annihilates into dark Higgs and gauge bosons. In this set-up the peak frequency of the gravitational wave background is tightly correlated with the dark matter relic abundance, and imposing the observed value for the latter implies that the former must lie in the milli-Hertz range. A peculiar feature of our set-up is that the dark sector is not necessarily in thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model during the phase transition, and hence the temperatures of the two sectors evolve independently. Nevertheless, the requirement that the universe does not enter an extended period of matter domination after the phase transition, which would strongly dilute any gravitational wave signal, places a lower bound on the portal coupling that governs the entropy transfer between the two sectors. As a result, the predictions for the peak frequency of gravitational waves in the LISA band are robust, while the amplitude can change depending on the initial dark sector temperature.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2024)·29 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.