Fri·Nov 10, 2023Friday·November 10, 2023

1. 01*

   Importance of cosmic ray propagation on sub-GeV dark matter constraints

   Pedro De la Torre Luque🇸🇪 · Shyam Balaji🇬🇧 · Jordan Koechler🇫🇷

   We study sub-GeV dark matter (DM) particles that may annihilate or decay into SM particles producing an exotic injection component in the Milky Way that leaves an imprint in both photon and cosmic ray (CR) fluxes. Specifically, the DM particles may annihilate or decay into $e^{+}{e}^{-}$, ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ or ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ and may radiate photons through their $e^{\pm }$ products. The resulting $e^{\pm }$ products can be directly observed in probes such as {\sc Voyager 1}. Alternatively, the $e^{\pm }$ products may produce bremsstrahlung radiation and upscatter the low-energy galactic photon fields via the inverse Compton process generating a broad emission from $X$-ray to $\gamma$-ray energies observable in experiments such as {\sc Xmm-Newton}. We find that we get a significant improvement in the DM annihilation and decay constraints from {\sc Xmm-Newton} (excluding thermally averaged cross sections of $10^{-31}$ cm${}^3$ s${}^{-1}\lesssim ⟨\sigma v⟩\lesssim 10^{-26}$ cm${}^3$ s${}^{-1}$ and decay lifetimes of $10^{26}\text{s}\lesssim \tau \lesssim 10^{28}\text{s}$ respectively) by including best fit CR propagation and diffusion parameters. This yields the strongest astrophysical constraints for this mass range of DM of 1 MeV to a few GeV and even surpasses cosmological bounds across a wide range of masses as well.

   hep-phApJ(2024)·39 citations
2. 02*

   Sensitivity of JWST to eV-Scale Decaying Axion Dark Matter

   Sandip Roy🇺🇸 · Carlos Blanco🇺🇸 · Christopher Dessert🇺🇸 · Anirudh Prabhu🇺🇸 · Tea Temim🇺🇸

   The recently-launched James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) can resolve eV-scale emission lines arising from dark matter (DM) decay. We forecast the end-of-mission sensitivity to the decay of axions, a leading DM candidate, in the Milky Way using the blank-sky observations expected during standard operations. Searching for unassociated emission lines will constrain axions in the mass range $0.18$ eV to $2.6$ eV with axion-photon couplings $g_{a\gamma \gamma }\gtrsim 5.5\times 10^{-12}$ GeV${}^{-1}$. In particular, these results will constrain astrophobic QCD axions to masses $\lesssim$ 0.2 eV.

   hep-phastro-ph.GAPRL(2025)·40 citations
3. 03*

   Theoretical Developments for Jets in Heavy-Ion Collisions

   Eamonn Weitz🇫🇷

   The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is an exotic phase of matter, composed of deconfined quarks and gluons and is briefly created in heavy-ion collisions (HIC) at the LHC and at the RHIC. High-energy, self-collimated structures of final-state particles also created in HIC, called jets, probe the QGP, piercing through it on their way to the particle detector. Quantum field theory at finite temperature or thermal field theory, is then an extremely powerful tool, capable of analytically quantifying how such a high-energy object interacts with a weakly coupled thermal bath. In this thesis, we work towards the computation of corrections to two quantities, which dictate how jets are quenched by the QGP. The first being the transverse momentum broadening coefficient, which describes how the jet diffuses in transverse momentum space through its interaction with the medium. We focus on the computation of logarithmically enhanced corrections, carefully showing how the thermal scale affects the logarithmic phase space. The second is the asymptotic mass, which can be thought of as a shift in the jet dispersion relation as it undergoes forward scattering with the medium. We complete a matching calculation, which rids the mass' classical corrections of any unphysical divergences, while also beginning the completion of its full two-loop, quantum corrections.

   hep-phnucl-th1 citation
4. 04*

   Radiative Corrections to the Muon Polarization in the Semileptonic Decay of a Neutral Kaon

   J. Vieyra🇲🇽 · A. Martínez🇲🇽 · M. Neri🇲🇽 · A. Hernández-Galeana🇲🇽

   A model-independent expression for the Dalitz plot of the semileptonic decays of a neutral kaon $K_{\mu 3}^0$, including radiative corrections to order $\mathcal{O}[(\alpha /\pi )(q/M_1)]$, where $q$ is the four-momentum transfer and $M_1$ is the mass of the decaying kaon, is presented. In this paper the emitted muon is considered to be polarized so the analysis is centered on numerically evaluating the radiative corrections to the longitudinal, transverse, and normal polarization muon components. The model dependence of radiative corrections is kept in general form within this approximation, which is useful for model-independent experimental analyses. The final expressions, with the triple integration of the bremsstrahlung photon variables are ready to be performed numerically. The radiative corrections to the components of the muon polarization are found to be very small compared to their respective uncorrected values.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·0 citations
5. 05*

   Multiplicity correlations in the model with string clusters in pp collisions at LHC energies

   Svetlana Belokurova🇷🇺 · Vladimir Vechernin🇷🇺

   In the framework of the model with string fusion and the formation of string clusters the correlations between multiplicities in two separated rapidity windows in pp collisions at LHC energies were studied and the results obtained were compared with data from the ALICE collaboration at CERN. The simulation is carried out within the framework of a Monte Carlo implementation of the colour quark-gluon string model. String fusion effects are taken into account by implementing a finite lattice in the plane of the impact parameter. The dependence of the correlation coefficient between multiplicities in two rapidity observation windows on the distance between these windows is calculated for four values of their width and three values of initial energy. It is shown that the model with string clusters describes the main features of the behavior of the correlation coefficient: its increase with increasing initial energy, decrease with increasing rapidity distance between observation windows, and nonlinear dependence on the width of the rapidity window.

   hep-phPhys.Part.Nucl.(2024)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Multi Higgs Boson Signals of a Modified Muon Yukawa Coupling at a Muon Collider

   Radovan Dermisek🇺🇸 · Keith Hermanek🇺🇸 · Taegyu Lee🇺🇸 · Navin McGinnis🇨🇦 · Sangsik Yoon🇺🇸

   We study di-Higgs and tri-Higgs boson productions at a muon collider as functions of the modification of the muon Yukawa coupling resulting from new physics parameterized by the dimension 6 mass operator. We show that the di-Higgs signal can be used to observe a deviation in the muon Yukawa coupling at the 10 % level for $\sqrt{s}=10$ TeV and at the 3.5 % level for $\sqrt{s}=30$ TeV. The tri-Higgs signal improves the sensitivity dramatically with increasing $\sqrt{s}$, reaching 0.8 % at $\sqrt{s}=30$ TeV. We also study all processes involving Goldstone bosons originating from the same operator, discuss possible model dependence resulting from other operators of dimension 6 and higher, and identify multi-Higgs productions and one additional process as golden channels. We further extend the study to the two Higgs doublet model type-II and show that di-Higgs and tri-Higgs signals involving heavy Higgs bosons can be enhanced by a factor of $(\tan \beta {)}^6$, which results in the potential sensitivity to a modified muon Yukawa coupling at the $10^{-6}$ level already at a $\sqrt{s}=10$ TeV muon collider. The results can be easily customized for other extensions of the Higgs sector.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·11 citations
7. 07*

   $\Delta S=0$ Hadronic Parity Violation in Next-to-Leading Order QCD: Anomalous Dimension Matrices and Their Implications

   Girish Muralidhara🇺🇸 · Susan Gardner🇺🇸

   We construct the effective Hamiltonian for hadronic parity violation in strangeness-nonchanging ($\Delta S=0$) processes in next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD, for all isosectors, and at a renormalization scale of 2 GeV, thus extending our earlier leading-order (LO) analysis. Hadronic parity violation, studied in the context of the low-energy interactions of nucleons and nuclei, exposes the complex interplay of weak and strong interactions in these systems, and thus supports our extension to NLO. Here we exploit the flavor-blind nature of QCD interactions to construct the needed anomalous dimension matrices from those computed in flavor physics, which we then use to refine our effective Hamiltonian and finally our predicted parity-violating meson-nucleon coupling constants, to find improved agreement with few-body experiments.

   hep-phnucl-thPLB(2024)·3 citations
8. 08*

   Effects of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking on Axion Like Particles as Dark Matter

   Soumen Kumar Manna🇮🇳 · Arunansu Sil🇮🇳

   Axion like particles (ALPs), the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons associated to the spontaneous breaking of global symmetry, have emerged as promising dark matter candidates. Conventionally, in the context of misalignment mechanism, the non-thermally produced ALPs happen to stay frozen due to Hubble friction initially and at a later stage, they begin to oscillate (before matter-radiation equality) at characteristic frequencies defined by their masses and behaving like cold dark matter. In this work, we study the influence of electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB), through a higher order Higgs portal interaction, on the evolution of ALPs. Such an interaction is found to contribute partially to the ALP's mass during EWSB, thereby modifying oscillation frequencies during EWSB as well as impacting upon the existing correlation between the scale of symmetry breaking and their masses. The novelty of the work lies in broadening the relic satisfied parameter space so as to probe it in near future via a wide range of experiments.

   hep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·4 citations
9. 09*

   Exotic spectroscopy in a diquark model with a little help from AdS/QCD

   Floriana Giannuzzi🇮🇹

   Masses of heavy mesons, tetraquarks and pentaquarks computed in a potential model are shown. Tetraquarks are studied as bound states of a diquark and an antidiquark. Pentaquarks are constructed from a series of two-body interactions between the four quarks and the antiquark. New results on $Qs\bar{Q}\bar{q}$ and $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ tetraquarks are also obtained.

   hep-phNuovo Cim.C(2024)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Lepton and neutron EDM as probe of general two Higgs doublet model

    Sven Teunissen🇹🇼

    Baryogenesis requires large CPV phases, while said phases are constrained by electric dipole moment (EDM) experiments. In the general two Higgs doublet model (g2HDM), without $Z_2$ symmetry, EWBG can be achieved while evading EDM bounds. In this study, we explore the g2HDM contributions to electron EDM (eEDM) and neutron EDM (nEDM), and review the future prospects in the experiment front. In particular, we show that the combined eEDM-nEDM results can not only provide crucial bound on the top Yukawa-driven baryogenesis explanation in g2HDM, but are poised for discovery as experimental precision increases within the next decade or so.

    hep-phPoS(2024)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Polarised-boson pairs at the LHC with NLOPS accuracy

    Giovanni Pelliccioli🇩🇪 · Giulia Zanderighi🇩🇪

    We present a calculation of inclusive diboson (WZ, ZZ, WW) processes at the LHC in the presence of intermediate polarised weak bosons decaying leptonically, matching next-to-leading-order accuracy in QCD with parton-shower effects. Starting from recent developments in polarised-boson simulation based on the helicity selection at the amplitude level, we have carried out the implementation in the POWHEG-BOX-RES framework, and validated it against independent fixed-order calculations. A phenomenological analysis in realistic LHC setups, as well as a comparison with recent ATLAS measurements, are presented.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2024)·40 citations
12. 12*

    Study of weak radiative decays of $D^0\to V\gamma$

    Ye Cao🇨🇳 · Qiang Zhao🇨🇳

    The weak radiative decay of $D^0\to V\gamma$ with $V={\bar{K}}^0$, and $\varphi$, ${\rho }^0$, and $\omega$, is systematically studied in the vector meson dominance (VMD) model. It allows us to distinguish the short-distance mechanisms which can be described by the tree-level transitions in the non-relativistic constituent quark model, and the long-distance mechanisms which are related to the final-state interactions (FSIs). We find that the FSI effects play a crucial role in $D^0\to V\gamma$ and the SU(3) flavor symmetry can provide a natural constraint on the relative phase between the short and long-distance transition amplitudes. Our analysis suggests that the $D$ meson weak radiative decays can serve as a good case for investigating the non-perturbative QCD mechanisms at the charm quark mass region.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·13 citations
13. 13*

    Spectroscopy and Annihilation Decay Widths of Charmonium and Bottomonium Excitations

    Christas Mony A.🇮🇳 · Rohit Dhir🇮🇳

    We study the charmonium ($c\bar{c}$) and bottomonium ($b\bar{b}$) spectra, using Cornell potential with additional constant potential term in a non-relativistic framework, with spin-dependent corrections corresponding to the spin-spin, spin-orbit, and tensor interactions added perturbatively. We predict the masses of low-lying and excited states of charmonium and bottomonium up to $n=6$ and $L=2$. We analyze the radial and orbital Regge trajectories of both the systems and investigate their departure from linearity. Further, we estimate the wave function at the origin and, consequently, predict the decay widths of charmonium and bottomonium states annihilating to leptons and photons. Also, we investigate the effect of scale dependence of the wave function at the origin and the strong coupling constant on the predictions of annihilation decay widths. We compare our predictions of heavy quarkonium spectra and decay widths with experimental results and other theoretical models.

    hep-phJ.Phys.G(2024)·13 citations
14. 14*

    Real effective potentials for phase transitions in models with extended scalar sectors

    Károly Seller🇭🇺

    The effective potential is a widely used phenomenological tool to investigate phase transitions occurring in the early Universe at finite temperature. In the standard perturbative treatment the potential becomes complex in some region of the background field values due to the non-convex nature of the classical potential in models with spontaneous symmetry breaking. The imaginary part renders the minimization of the potential impossible when at finite temperature the absolute minimum is in the complex region. In this talk we introduce a simple method to calculate an effective potential that is fully real based on the optimized perturbation theory scheme. We apply the method for models that extend the Standard Model with an additional singlet scalar.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2024)·2 citations
15. 15*

    Three-body unitary coupled-channel approach to radiative $J/\psi$ decays and $\eta (1405/1475)$

    S.X. Nakamura (Shandong Univ.)🇨🇳 · Q. Huang (Nanjing Normal Univ.)🇨🇳 · J.-J. Wu (UCAS)🇨🇳 · H.P. Peng (USTC)🇨🇳 · Y. Zhang (USTC)🇨🇳 · Y.C. Zhu (USTC)🇨🇳

    Recent BESIII data on radiative $J/\psi$ decays from $\sim 10^{10}$ $J/\psi$ samples should significantly advance our understanding of the controversial nature of $\eta (1405/1475)$. This motivates us to develop a three-body unitary coupled-channel model for radiative $J/\psi$ decays to three-meson final states of any partial wave ($J^{PC}$). Basic building blocks of the model are bare resonance states such as $\eta (1405/1475)$ and $f_1(1420)$, and $\pi K$, $K\bar{K}$, and $\pi \eta$ two-body interactions that generate resonances such as $K^{\ast }(892)$, $K_0^{\ast }(700)$, and $a_0(980)$. This model reasonably fits $K_S{K}_S{\pi }^0$ Dalitz plot pseudo data generated from the BESIII's $J^{PC}=0^{-+}$ amplitude for $J/\psi \to \gamma K_S{K}_S{\pi }^0$. The experimental branching ratios of $\eta (1405/1475)\to \eta \pi \pi$ and $\eta (1405/1475)\to \gamma \rho$ relative to that of $\eta (1405/1475)\to K\bar{K}\pi$ are simultaneously fitted. Our $0^{-+}$ amplitude is analytically continued to find three poles, two of which correspond to $\eta (1405)$ on different Riemann sheets of the $K^{\ast }\bar{K}$ channel, and the third one for $\eta (1475)$. This is the first pole determination of $\eta (1405/1475)$ and, furthermore, the first-ever pole determination from analyzing experimental Dalitz plot distributions with a manifestly three-body unitary coupled-channel framework. Process-dependent $\eta \pi \pi$, $\gamma {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, and $\pi \pi \pi$ lineshapes of $J/\psi \to \gamma (0^{-+})\to \gamma (\eta \pi \pi )$, $\gamma (\gamma \rho )$, and $\gamma (\pi \pi \pi )$ are predicted, and are in reasonable agreement with data. A triangle singularity is shown to play a crucial role to cause the large isospin violation of $J/\psi \to \gamma (\pi \pi \pi )$.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·14 citations
16. 16*

    New theory highlights on $B_c$ decays

    Nicola Losacco🇮🇹

    We present recent results in semileptonic and non-leptonic exclusive $B_c$ decays to charmonium states both in $S$-wave, $J/\psi$ and ${\eta }_c$, and in $P$-wave, ${\chi }_{cJ}$ and $h_c$. The analysis, based on the heavy quark spin symmetry (HQSS), produces relations among form factors that parametrize the hadronic matrix elements in the amplitudes of the decays. These relations are helpful to control the hadronic uncertainty affecting these processes. Furthermore, $B_c$ decays allow us to get hints on the structure of states like ${\chi }_{c1}(3872)$, whose exotic or ordinary charmonium nature is debated.

    hep-phhep-exNuovo Cim.C(2024)·1 citation
17. 17*

    Top-quark pole mass extraction at NNLO accuracy, from total, single- and double-differential cross sections for $t\bar{t}+X$ production at the LHC

    M.V. Garzelli🇩🇪 · J. Mazzitelli🇨🇭 · S.-O. Moch🇩🇪 · O. Zenaiev🇩🇪

    We extract the top-quark mass value in the on-shell renormalization scheme from the comparison of theoretical predictions for $pp\to t\bar{t}+X$ at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD accuracy with experimental data collected by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations for absolute total, normalized single-differential and double-differential cross-sections during Run 1, Run 2 and the ongoing Run 3 at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). For the theory computations of heavy-quark pair-production we use the MATRIX framework, interfaced to PineAPPL for the generation of grids of theory predictions, which can be efficiently used a-posteriori during the fit, performed within xFitter. We take several state-of-the-art parton distribution functions (PDFs) as input for the fit and evaluate their associated uncertainties, as well as the uncertainties arising from renormalization and factorization scale variation. Fit uncertainties related to the datasets are also part of the extracted uncertainty of the top-quark mass and turn out to be of similar size as the combined scale and PDF uncertainty. Fit results from different PDF sets agree among each other within 1$\sigma$ uncertainty, whereas some datasets related to $t\bar{t}$ decay in different channels (dileptonic vs. semileptonic) point towards top-quark mass values in slight tension among each other, although still compatible within $2.5\sigma$ accuracy. Our results are compatible with the PDG 2022 top-quark pole-mass value. Our work opens the road towards more complex simultaneous NNLO fits of PDFs, the strong coupling ${\alpha }_s(M_Z)$ and the top-quark mass, using the currently most precise experimental data on $t\bar{t}+X$ total and multi-differential cross-sections from the LHC.

    hep-phJHEP(2024)·26 citations
18. 18*

    Gravitational wave emission from metastable current-carrying strings in $E_6$

    Adeela Afzal🇵🇰 · Qaisar Shafi🇺🇸 · Amit Tiwari🇺🇸

    We discuss $E_6$ based extensions of the Standard Model (SM) containing two varieties of superheavy metastable cosmic strings (CSs) that respectively have neutral and electrically charged current carriers. We employ an extended version of the velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model, recently discussed by some authors, to estimate the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum emitted by metastable strings with a dimensionless string tension $G\mu \approx 10^{-6}$ that carry a right-handed neutrino (RHN) current. We find that with a low to moderate amount of current, the spectrum is compatible with the LIGO O3 run and also consistent at the 1$\sigma$ level with the recent PTA signals.

    hep-phPLB(2024)·31 citations
19. 19*

    Model uncertainty in measuring the gluon jet fraction at the hadron collider

    S. G. Shulha🇷🇺

    The work proposes a new method for measuring the gluon jet fraction in jet sample produced at the hadron collider. This method uses model quark/gluon templates - distributions of quark and gluon jets over the jet macro parameter. Within the framework of this method, it is possible to find a model uncertainty of measurement associated with the deviation of model quark/gluon templates from the true ones. The issue of data-motivated corrections to the model quark/gluon templates is discussed.

    hep-phphysics.data-anPhys.Atom.Nucl.(2024)·0 citations
20. 20*

    On measuring the characteristics of quark and gluon jets in hadron-hadron collisions

    S. G. Shulha🇷🇺

    To measure the characteristics of quark and gluon jets in hadron-hadron collisions, two samples of jets are used. Given the large statistics of jets at the LHC, the two-sample method requires taking into account the following corrections: (1) use of measured fractions of quark and gluon jets instead of the model ones, (2) amendment for the contribution of jets with an unidentified flavour, (3) taking into account the dependence of the distributions of quark and gluon jets on the conditions for jet sample selections. The paper presents an improved two-sample method that takes into account these corrections.

    hep-phphysics.data-anPhys.Part.Nucl.(2024)·0 citations
21. 21*

    First Detailed Calculation of Atmospheric Neutrino Foregrounds to the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background in Super-Kamiokande

    Bei Zhou🇺🇸 · John F. Beacom🇺🇸

    The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) -- a probe of the core-collapse mechanism and the cosmic star-formation history -- has not been detected, but its discovery may be imminent. A significant obstacle for DSNB detection in Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) is detector backgrounds, especially due to atmospheric neutrinos (more precisely, these are foregrounds), which are not sufficiently understood. We perform the first detailed theoretical calculations of these foregrounds in the range 16--90 MeV in detected electron energy, taking into account several physical and detector effects, quantifying uncertainties, and comparing our predictions to the 15.9 livetime years of pre-gadolinium data from Super-K stages I--IV. We show that our modeling reasonably reproduces this low-energy data as well as the usual high-energy atmospheric-neutrino data. To accelerate progress on detecting the DSNB, we outline key actions to be taken in future theoretical and experimental work. In a forthcoming paper, we use our modeling to detail how low-energy atmospheric-neutrino events register in Super-K and suggest new cuts to reduce their impact.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·21 citations
22. 22*

    Tri-unification: a separate $SU(5)$ for each fermion family

    Mario Fernández Navarro🇬🇧 · Stephen F. King🇬🇧 · Avelino Vicente🇪🇸

    In this paper we discuss $SU(5{)}^3$ with cyclic symmetry as a possible grand unified theory (GUT). The basic idea of such a tri-unification is that there is a separate $SU(5)$ for each fermion family, with the light Higgs doublet(s) arising from the third family $SU(5)$, providing a basis for charged fermion mass hierarchies. $SU(5{)}^3$ tri-unification reconciles the idea of gauge non-universality with the idea of gauge coupling unification, opening the possibility to build consistent non-universal descriptions of Nature that are valid all the way up to the scale of grand unification. As a concrete example, we propose a grand unified embedding of the tri-hypercharge model $U(1{)}_Y^3$ based on an $SU(5{)}^3$ framework with cyclic symmetry. We discuss a minimal tri-hypercharge example which can account for all the quark and lepton (including neutrino) masses and mixing parameters. We show that it is possible to unify the many gauge couplings into a single gauge coupling associated with the cyclic $SU(5{)}^3$ gauge group, by assuming minimal multiplet splitting, together with a set of relatively light colour octet scalars. We also study proton decay in this example, and present the predictions for the proton lifetime in the dominant $e^{+}{\pi }^0$ channel.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2024)·23 citations
23. 23*

    CGC and saturation approach: Impact-parameter dependent model of perturbative QCD and combined HERA data

    Michael Roa🇨🇱 · José Garrido🇨🇱 · Miguel Guevara🇨🇱

    In this paper we confront the CGC/saturation approach of Ref.~\cite{CLMS} with the experimental combined HERA data and obtain its parameters. The model includes two features that are in accordance with our theoretical knowledge of deep inelastic scattering. These consist of: \textit{i}) the use of analytical solution for the non-linear Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) evolution equation and \textit{ii}) the exponential behavior of the saturation momentum on the impact parameter $b$-dependence, characterized by $Q_s$ $\propto \exp (-mb)$ which reproduces the correct behavior of the scattering amplitude at large $b$ in accord with Froissart theorem. The model results are then compared to data at small-$x$ for the structure-function of the proton $F_2$, the longitudinal structure function $F_L$, the charm structure function $F_2^{c\bar{c}}$, the exclusive vector meson ($J/\psi ,\varphi ,\rho$) production and Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS). We obtain a good agreement for the processes in a wide kinematic range of $Q^2$ at small-$x$. Our results provide a strong guide for finding an approach, based on Color Glass Condensate/saturation effective theory for high energy QCD, to make reliable predictions from first principles and for forthcoming experiments like the Electron-Ion Collider and the LHeC.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·5 citations
24. 24*

    A visual tool for assessing tension-resolving models in the $H_0$-${\sigma }_8$ plane

    Igor de O. C. Pedreira🇧🇷 · Micol Benetti🇮🇹 · Elisa G. M. Ferreira🇯🇵 · Leila L. Graef🇧🇷 · Laura Herold🇩🇪

    Beyond-$\Lambda$CDM models have been proposed to address various shortcomings of the standard cosmological model, such as the ``Hubble tension.'' These models often have an impact on the discrepancy in the amplitude of matter clustering, the ``${\sigma }_8$-tension.'' To explore the interplay between the two tensions, we suggest a simple method to visualize the relation between the two parameters: $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$. For a given extension of the $\Lambda$CDM model and dataset, we plot the relation between $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$ for different amplitudes of the beyond-$\Lambda$CDM physics. In this work, we use this visualization method to illustrate the trend of selected cosmological models, including nonminimal Higgs-like inflation, early dark energy, a varying effective electron mass, an extra number of relativistic species and modified dark energy models. Although already studied in the literature, some of these models have not been analyzed in view of the two joint tensions. We stress that the method used here could be a useful diagnostic tool to illustrate the behavior of complex cosmological models with many parameters in the context of the $H_0$ and ${\sigma }_8$ tensions.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·17 citations
25. 25*

    Legacy Analysis of Dark Matter Annihilation from the Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with 14 Years of Fermi-LAT Data

    Alex McDaniel🇺🇸 · Marco Ajello🇺🇸 · Christopher M. Karwin🇺🇸 · Mattia Di Mauro🇮🇹 · Alex Drlica-Wagner🇺🇸 · Miguel A. Sanchez-Conde🇪🇸

    The Milky Way (MW) dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies (dSphs) are particularly intriguing targets to search for gamma rays from Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM) annihilation or decay. They are nearby, DM-dominated, and lack significant emission from standard astrophysical processes. Previous studies using the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) of DM emission from dSphs have provided the most robust and stringent constraints on the DM annihilation cross section and mass. We report an analysis of the MW dSphs using over 14 years of LAT data and an updated census of dSphs and $J$-factors. While no individual dSphs are significantly detected, we find slight excesses with respect to background at the $\gtrsim 2\sigma$ local significance level in both tested annihilation channels ($b\bar{b}$, ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$) for 7 dSphs. We do not find a significant DM signal from a combined likelihood analysis of the dSphs ($s_{global}\sim 0.5\sigma$), yet a marginal local excess relative to background at a $2-3\sigma$ level is observed at a DM mass of $M_{\chi }=150-230$ GeV ($M_{\chi }=30-50$ GeV) for annihilation into $b\bar{b}$ (${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$). Given the lack of a significant detection, we place updated constraints on the $b\bar{b}$ and ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ annihilation channels that are generally consistent with previous recent results. As in past studies, tension is found with some WIMP DM interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess (GCE), though the limits are consistent with other interpretations given the uncertainties of the Galactic DM density profile and GCE systematics. Based on conservative assumptions of improved sensitivity with increased LAT exposure and moderate increases in the sample of dSphs, we project the local $\sim 2\sigma$ signal, if real, could approach the $\sim 4\sigma$ local confidence level with additional $\sim 10$ years of observation.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2024)·130 citations
26. 26*

    Measurement of the Quasi-Two-Body B Decays

    Hossein.Mehraban🇮🇷 · Behnam Mohammadi🇮🇷

    We study the contributions of the $B\to \psi (3770)K[\psi (3770)\to D\bar{D}]$, $B\to K^{\ast }(1410)\pi [K^{\ast }(1410)\to K\pi ]$ and $B\to X(3872)K[X(3872)\to J/\psi \gamma ,\psi (2S)\gamma ,D\bar{D}\pi ,J/\psi \omega ,J/\psi \pi \pi$ and $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }\pi ]$ quasi-two-body decays. There are no existing previous measurement of the three-body branching fractions for three final states of the $X(3872)\to J/\psi \gamma$, $\psi (2S)\gamma$ and $D\bar{D}\pi$ but several quasi-two-body modes that can decay to this final state have been seen.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations
27. 27*

    Dark Dimension and Decaying Dark Matter Gravitons

    Georges Obied🇬🇧 · Cora Dvorkin🇺🇸 · Eduardo Gonzalo🇺🇸 · Cumrun Vafa🇺🇸

    We explore the cosmology of the Dark Dimension scenario taking into account perturbations in the linear regime. In the context of the Dark Dimension scenario, a natural candidate for dark matter in our universe is the excitations of a tower of massive spin-2 KK gravitons. These dark gravitons are produced in the early universe and decay to lighter KK gravitons during the course of cosmological evolution. The decay causes the average dark matter mass to decrease as the universe evolves. In addition, the kinetic energy liberated in each decay leads to a kick velocity for the dark matter particles leading to a suppression of structure formation. Using current CMB (Planck), BAO and cosmic shear (KiDS-1000) data, we put a bound on the dark matter kick velocity today $v_{\mathrm{today}}\le 2.2\times 10^{-4}c$ at 95\% CL. This leads to rather specific regions of parameter space for the dark dimension scenario. The combination of the experimental bounds from cosmology, astrophysics and table-top experiments lead to the range $l_5\sim 1-10\mu m$ for the size of the Dark Dimension. The Dark Dimension scenario is found to be remarkably consistent with current observations and provides signatures that are within reach of near-future experiments.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2024)·46 citations
28. 28*

    Pulsar Timing Anomalies: A Window into Baryon Number Violation

    Mohammadreza Zakeri🇺🇸

    We investigate the influence of a specific class of slow Baryon Number Violation (BNV) -- one that induces quasi-equilibrium evolution -- on pulsar spin characteristics. This work reveals how BNV can potentially alter observable parameters, including spin-down rates, the second derivative of spin frequency, and braking indices of pulsars. Moreover, we demonstrate that BNV could lead to anomalies in pulsar timing, along with a wide array of braking indices, both positive and negative. In addition, we examine the possibility of pulsar spin-up due to BNV, which may result in a novel mechanism for the revival of ``dead'' pulsars. We conclude by assessing the sensitivity required for future pulsar timing efforts to detect such BNV effects, thus highlighting the potential for pulsars to serve as laboratories for testing fundamental physics.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2024)·3 citations
29. 29*

    Probabilistic Inference of the Structure and Orbit of Milky Way Satellites with Semi-Analytic Modeling

    Dylan Folsom🇺🇸 · Oren Slone🇺🇸 · Mariangela Lisanti🇺🇸 · Fangzhou Jiang🇨🇳 · Manoj Kaplinghat🇺🇸

    Semi-analytic modeling furnishes an efficient avenue for characterizing the properties of dark matter halos associated with satellites of Milky Way-like systems, as it easily accounts for uncertainties arising from halo-to-halo variance, the orbital disruption of satellites, baryonic feedback, and the stellar-to-halo mass (SMHM) relation. We use the SatGen semi-analytic satellite generator -- which incorporates both empirical models of the galaxy-halo connection in the field as well as analytic prescriptions for the orbital evolution of these satellites after they enter a host galaxy -- to create large samples of Milky Way-like systems and their satellites. By selecting satellites in the sample that match the observed properties of a particular dwarf galaxy, we can then infer arbitrary properties of the satellite galaxy within the Cold Dark Matter paradigm. For the Milky Way's classical dwarfs, we provide inferred values (with associated uncertainties) for the maximum circular velocity $v_{max}$ and the radius $r_{max}$ at which it occurs, varying over two choices of feedback model and two prescriptions for the SMHM relation that populate dark matter halos with physically distinct galaxies. While simple empirical scaling relations can recover the median inferred value for $v_{max}$ and $r_{max}$, this approach provides realistic correlated uncertainties and aids interpretability through variation of the model. For these different models, we also demonstrate how the internal properties of a satellite's dark matter profile correlate with its orbit, and we show that it is difficult to reproduce observations of the Fornax dwarf without strong baryonic feedback. The technique developed in this work is flexible in its application of observational data and can leverage arbitrary information about the satellite galaxies to make inferences about their dark matter halos and population statistics.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phMNRAS(2024)·5 citations
30. 30*

    Cool dark sector, concordance, and a low ${\sigma }_8$

    Ellie Hughes🇺🇸 · Fei Ge🇺🇸 · Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine🇺🇸 · Lloyd Knox🇺🇸 · Srinivasan Raghunathan🇺🇸

    We investigate a cosmological model in which a fraction of the dark matter is atomic dark matter (ADM). This ADM consists of dark versions of the electron and of the proton, interacting with each other and with dark photons just as their light sector versions do, but interacting with everything else only gravitationally. We find constraints given current cosmic microwave background (CMB) and baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data, with and without an $H_0$ prior, and with and without enforcing a big bang nucleosynthesis consistent helium abundance. We find that, at low dark photon temperature, one can have consistency with BAO and CMB data, with a fraction of dark matter that is ADM ($f_{\mathrm{adm}}$) as large as $\sim 0.1$. Such a large $f_{\mathrm{adm}}$ leads to a suppression of density fluctuations today on scales below about 60 Mpc that may be of relevance to the ${\sigma }_8$ tension. Our work motivates calculation of nonlinear corrections to matter power spectrum predictions in the ADM model. We forecast parameter constraints to come from future ground-based CMB surveys, and find that if ADM is indeed the cause of the ${\sigma }_8$ tension, the influence of the ADM, primarily on CMB lensing, will likely be detectable at high significance.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2024)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Real-time error mitigation for variational optimization on quantum hardware

    Matteo Robbiati🇮🇹 · Alejandro Sopena🇪🇸 · Andrea Papaluca🇦🇺 · Stefano Carrazza🇮🇹

    In this work we put forward the inclusion of error mitigation routines in the process of training Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC) models. In detail, we define a Real Time Quantum Error Mitigation (RTQEM) algorithm to assist in fitting functions on quantum chips with VQCs. While state-of-the-art QEM methods cannot address the exponential loss concentration induced by noise in current devices, we demonstrate that our RTQEM routine can enhance VQCs' trainability by reducing the corruption of the loss function. We tested the algorithm by simulating and deploying the fit of a monodimensional $\text{u}$-Quark Parton Distribution Function (PDF) on a superconducting single-qubit device, and we further analyzed the scalability of the proposed technique by simulating a multidimensional fit with up to 8 qubits.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phPRResearch(2026)·14 citations
32. 32*

    Resurgence in the Scalar Quantum Electrodynamics Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian

    Drishti Gupta🇮🇳 · Arun M. Thalapillil🇮🇳

    We explore the ideas of resurgence and Padé-Borel resummation in the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian of scalar quantum electrodynamics, which has remained largely unexamined in these contexts. We thereby extend the related seminal works in spinor quantum electrodynamics, while contrasting the similarities and differences in the two cases. We investigate in detail the efficacy of resurgent extrapolations starting from just a finite number of terms in the weak-field expansions of the 1-loop and 2-loop scalar quantum electrodynamics Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian. While we re-derive some of the well-known 1-loop and 2-loop contributions in representations suitable for Padé-Borel analyses, other contributions have been derived for the first time. For instance, we find a closed analytic form for the one-particle reducible contribution at 2-loop, which until recently was thought to be zero. It is pointed out that there could be an interesting interplay between the one-particle irreducible and one-particle reducible terms in the strong-field limit. The 1-loop scalar electrodynamics contribution may be effectively mapped into two copies of the spinor quantum electrodynamics, and the particle reducible contribution may be mapped to the 1-loop contribution. It is suggested that these mappings cannot be trivially used to map the corresponding resurgent structures. The singularity structures in the Padé-Borel transforms at 1-loop and 2-loop are examined in some detail. Analytic continuation to the electric field case and the generation of an imaginary part is also studied. We compare the Padé-Borel reconstructions to closed analytic forms or to numerically computed values in the full theory.

    ↳ hep-thhep-exhep-phEPJC(2025)·2 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.