Thu·Jul 27, 2023Thursday·July 27, 2023

1. 01*

   Isolating semi-leptonic $H\to W{W}^{\ast }$ decays for Bell inequality tests

   Federica Fabbri🇬🇧 · James Howarth🇬🇧 · Theo Maurin🇬🇧

   We present a method for identifying $H\to W{W}^{\ast }\to \ell \nu jj$ in the presence of large Standard Model backgrounds and illustrate how this decay mode may be applied to the study of Bell-type Inequalities. Our findings reveal the feasibility of complete reconstruction of such Higgs decays and the efficacy of our suggested combination of selection criteria in effectively mitigating the otherwise overwhelming backgrounds. Our approach is based on a combination of bottom and charm tagging, alongside innovative reconstruction techniques. A realistic simulation based on publicly available object identification, reconstruction, and tagging efficiencies from the ATLAS experiment is used to explore the potential sensitivity to violations of the Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu (CGLMP) inequality in existing and expected future data collected at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is found that, the proposed method provides a powerful means of distinguishing the Higgs decay mode from the background, allowing us to achieve an expectation of approximately 3$\sigma$ significance in detecting violations of these inequalities with 300 $f{b}^{-1}$ of data, soon-to-be collected by LHC.

   hep-phEPJC(2024)·55 citations
2. 02*

   A neutrino window to scalar leptoquarks: from low energy to colliders

   Valentina De Romeri🇪🇸 · Victor Martin Lozano🇪🇸 · G. Sanchez Garcia🇪🇸

   Leptoquarks are theorized particles of either scalar or vector nature that couple simultaneously to quarks and leptons. Motivated by recent measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, we consider the impact of scalar leptoquarks coupling to neutrinos on a few complementary processes, from low energy to colliders. In particular, we set competitive constraints on the typical mass and coupling of scalar leptoquarks by analyzing recent COHERENT data. We compare these constraints with bounds from atomic parity violation experiments, deep inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering and LHC data. Our results highlight a strong complementarity between different facilities and demonstrate the compelling power of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments to probe leptoquark masses in the MeV-GeV range. Finally, we also present prospects for improving current bounds with future upgrades of the COHERENT detectors and the planned European Spallation Source.

   hep-phPRD(2024)·15 citations
3. 03*

   Detection of astrophysical neutrinos at prospective locations of dark matter detectors

   Yi Zhuang🇺🇸 · Louis E. Strigari🇺🇸 · Lei Jin🇺🇸 · Samiran Sinha🇺🇸

   We study the prospects for detection of solar and atmospheric neutrino fluxes at future large-scale dark matter detectors through both electron and nuclear recoils. We specifically examine how the detection prospects change for several prospective detector locations (SURF, SNOlab, Gran Sasso, CJPL, and Kamioka), and improve upon the statistical methodologies used in previous studies. Due to its ability to measure lower neutrino energies than other locations, we find that the best prospects for the atmospheric neutrino flux are at the SURF location, while the prospects are weakest at CJPL because it is restricted to higher neutrino energies. On the contrary, the prospects for the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) are best at CJPL, due largely to the reduced atmospheric neutrino background at this location. Including full detector resolution and efficiency models, the CNO component of the solar flux is detectable via the electron recoil channel with exposures of $\sim 10^3$ ton-yr for all locations. These results highlight the benefits for employing two detector locations, one at high and one at low latitude.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2024)·5 citations
4. 04*

   Neutrino mixing sum rules and the Littlest Seesaw

   Francesco Costa🇩🇪 · Stephen F. King🇬🇧

   In this work, we study the neutrino mixing sum rules arising from discrete symmetries, and the class of Littlest Seesaw (LS) neutrino models. These symmetry based approaches all offer predictions for the cosine of the leptonic CP phase $\cos \delta$ in terms of the mixing angles, ${\theta }_{13}$, ${\theta }_{12}$, ${\theta }_{23}$, while the LS models also predict the sine of the leptonic CP phase $\sin \delta$ as well as making other predictions. In particular we study the \textit{solar} neutrino mixing sum rules, arising from charged lepton corrections to Tri-bimaximal (TB), Bi-maximal (BM), Golden Ratios (GRs) and Hexagonal (HEX) neutrino mixing, and \textit{atmospheric} neutrino mixing sum rules, arising from preserving one of the columns of these types of mixing, for example the first or second column of the TB mixing matrix (TM1 or TM2), and confront them with an up-to-date global fit of the neutrino oscillation data. We show that some mixing sum rules, for example an \textit{atmospheric} neutrino mixing sum rule arising from a version of neutrino Golden Ratio mixing (GRa1), are already excluded at 3$\sigma$, and determine the remaining models allowed by the data. We also consider the more predictive LS models (which obey the TM1 sum rules and offer further predictions) based on constrained sequential dominance CSD($n$) with $n\approx 3$. We compare for the first time the three cases $n=2.5$, $n=3$ and $n=1+\sqrt{6}\approx 3.45$ which are favoured by theoretical models, using a new type of analysis to accurately predict the observables ${\theta }_{12}$, ${\theta }_{23}$ and $\delta$. We study all the above approaches, \textit{solar} and \textit{atmospheric} mixing sum rules and LS models, together so that they may be compared, and to give an up to date analysis of the predictions of all of these possibilities, when confronted with the most recent global fits.

   hep-phUniverse(2023)·9 citations
5. 05*

   $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ constraints on light mediators coupled to neutrinos: the dilution-resistant effect

   Shao-Ping Li🇨🇳 · Xun-Jie Xu🇨🇳

   We investigate the impact of new light particles, carrying significant energy in the early universe after neutrino decoupling, on the cosmological effective relativistic neutrino species, $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$. If the light particles are produced from decoupled neutrinos, $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ is predominantly modified through the dilution-resistant effect. This effect arises because the energy stored in the mass of new particles is less diluted than the photon and neutrino energy as the universe expands. Our study comprehensively explores this effect, deriving $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ constraints on the couplings of light mediators with neutrinos, encompassing both scalar and vector mediators. We find that the dilution-resistant effect can increase $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ by 0.118 and 0.242 for scalar and vector mediators, respectively. These values can be readily reached by forthcoming CMB experiments. Upon reaching these levels, future $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$ constraints on the couplings will be improved by many orders of magnitude.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·49 citations
6. 06*

   Intergenerational gauged $B-L$ model and its implication to muon $g-2$ anomaly and thermal dark matter

   Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸 · Osamu Seto🇯🇵

   We study the flavor dependent $U(1{)}_{B_i-L_j}$ models, where an $i$th generation of quarks and $j(\ne i)$th generation of leptons are charged. By solving the anomaly free condition for the matter sector of the SM fermions and three generations of right-handed (RH) neutrinos, we find that the $j$th generation of RH neutrino is not necessarily charged under the $U(1{)}_{B_i-L_j}$ gauge symmetry with the charge $-1$ and the other (neither $i$th nor $j$th) generation of RH neutrino can also be. As a general solution for the anomaly cancellation conditions, the other two RN neutrinos than the charge $-1$ RH neutrino may have non-vanishing charge and be stable due to the gauge invariance, and hence it is a candidate for dark matter (DM) in our Universe. We apply this result to a $B_3-L_2$ model and consider a light thermal DM and a solution to the muon $g-2$ anomaly. We identify the parameter region to have the DM mass range from MeV to sub-GeV and simultaneously solve the muon $g-2$ anomaly. We also derive the constraints on the gauge kinetic mixing parameter by using the latest Borexino phase-II data.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·4 citations
7. 07*

   Observability of Parameter Space for Charged Higgs Boson in its bosonic decays in Two Higgs Doublet Model Type-1

   Ijaz Ahmed🇵🇰 · Waqas Ahmad🇩🇰 · M.S. Amjad🇵🇰 · Jamil Muhammad🇰🇷

   This study explores the possibility of discovering $H^{\pm }$ through its bosonic decays, i.e. $H^{\pm }\to W^{\pm }\varphi$ (where $\varphi$ = h or A), within the Type-I Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM). The main objective is to demonstrate the available parameter space after applying the recent experimental and theoretical exclusion limits. We suggest that for $m_{H^{\pm }}$ = 150 GeV is the most probable mass for the $H^{\pm }\to W^{\pm }\varphi$ decay channel in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8, 13 and 14 TeV. Therefore we propose that this channel may be used as an alternative to $H^{\pm }\to {\tau }^{\pm }\nu$.

   hep-phCPC(2024)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Cancellation of small-x divergences in the three-gluon-vertex Hamiltonian with canonical gluon mass

   Juan José Gálvez-Viruet🇪🇸 · María Gómez-Rocha🇪🇸

   The front form of Hamiltonian dynamics provides a framework within QCD in which interaction terms are invariant under 7 of 10 Poincaré transformations and the vacuum structure is simple. However, canonical expressions are divergent and must be regulated before attempting to define an eigenvalue problem. The renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) provides a systematic way of renormalizing Hamiltonians and obtaining counterterms. One of its achievements is the description of asymptotic freedom with a running coupling defined as the coefficient of the three-gluon-vertex operators in the renormalized Hamiltonian. Yet, the results we obtain need a deeper understanding since the coefficient function shows a finite cutoff dependence, at least in the third-order terms of the perturbative expansion. In this work, we present an RGPEP computation of the three-gluon vertex with a different regularization scheme based on massive gluons. Our calculation shows that the three-gluon Hamiltonian interaction term has a finite limit as the gluon mass vanishes, but the finite function $h(x)$ that was obtained in previous calculations as a consequence of the finite dependence on the regularization is different. This result indicates a need for understanding how to eliminate finite regularization effects from Hamiltonians for effective quarks and gluons in QCD. Nevertheless, it is remarkable that all terms depending on the gluon mass cancel out in the limit of vanishing gluon mass in a non trivial way, even when each term individually diverges in such limit.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2023)·3 citations
9. 09*

   Diraxiogenesis

   Maximilian Berbig🇩🇪

   The family of Dirac Seesaw models offers an intriguing alternative explanation for the smallness of neutrino masses without necessarily requiring microscopic lepton number violation, when compared to the more familiar class of Majorana Seesaws. A global $\text{U}(1{)}_{\text{D}}$ symmetry, that is explicitly broken by a higher dimensional scalar operator, ensures that the right handed neutrino does not couple directly to the Standard Model like Higgs and an exact gauged or residual lepton number symmetry prohibits all Majorana masses. We demonstrate that all three Dirac Seesaws possess a Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson associated with the $\text{U}(1{)}_{\text{D}}$ symmetry, that we call the Diraxion, whose cosmological dynamics have so far been left unexplored. Furthermore we illustrate that a Dirac-Leptogenesis version of the recently proposed Lepto-Axiogenesis scenario can be realized in this class of models, leading to a unified origin of the observed baryon asymmetry and dark matter relic abundance. Explaining only the baryon asymmetry can lead to potentially observable amounts of right handed neutrino dark radiation with $\Delta N_{\text{eff.}}\lesssim 0.028$. On the other hand, if we only fix the dark matter abundance via the kinetic misalignment mechanism, this set-up could lead to detectable signatures in proposed cosmic neutrino background experiments via decays of eV-scale Diraxions to neutrinos. Here there is no domain wall problem, since topological defects decay to a subleading fraction of relic Diraxions. A key ingredient of all Axiogenesis scenarios is the dynamics of relatively light scalar called the Saxion, that in our case has a mass at the GeV-scale and which might reveal itself in heavy meson decays or collider searches. Our setup predicts isocurvature perturbations in baryons, dark matter and dark radiation sourced by fluctuations of the Saxion.

   hep-phJHEP(2024)·26 citations
10. 10*

    LHC tau-pair production constraints on $a_{\tau }$ and $d_{\tau }$

    Ulrich Haisch🇩🇪 · Luc Schnell🇩🇪 · Joachim Weiss🇩🇪

    We point out that relevant constraints on the anomalous magnetic ($a_{\tau }$) and electric ($d_{\tau }$) moment of the tau lepton can be derived from tau-pair production measurements performed at the LHC. Our conclusion is based on the observation that the leading relative deviations from the Standard Model prediction for $pp\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ due to $a_{\tau }$ and $d_{\tau }$ are enhanced at high energies. Less precise measurements at hadron colliders can therefore offer the same or better sensitivity to new physics with respect to high-precision low-energy measurements performed at lepton machines. We derive bounds on $a_{\tau }$ and $d_{\tau }$ using the full LHC Run II data set on tau-pair production and compare our findings with the current best limits on the tau anomalous moments.

    hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2024)·29 citations
11. 11*

    Wigner and Husimi partonic distributions of the pion in a chiral quark model

    Wojciech Broniowski🇵🇱 · Enrique Ruiz Arriola🇪🇸

    Generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs), the Wigner, and the Husimi distributions of quarks in the pion are evaluated in a chiral quark model at the one-loop-level. Analytic expressions are obtained for GTMDs, allowing for a qualitative discussion of their features, whereas the Wigner and the Husimi distribution are obtained with numerical integration of simple formulas. We explain the features of the Wigner distributions, in particular their non-positivity. In our model, the Husimi distributions, which are interpreted as coarse-grained Wigner distributions, are not mathematically positive-definite, but the magnitude of their negative values is tiny and occurs at large transverse momenta and impact parameters. Hence, as expected, coarse-graining leads to better behaved functions from the point of view of the probabilistic interpretation.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.B(2023)·3 citations
12. 12*

    On the Positronium g-factor

    J. Agil🇫🇷 · D. Bakalov🇧🇬 · R. Battesti🇫🇷 · C. Rizzo🇫🇷

    In this letter, we recall the main facts concerning the g-factor of positronium and we show how the value of the g-factor of the positronium is important. Taking it better into consideration may provide a solution to the reported discrepancy between QED theory and experiments concerning the hyperfine splitting of the fundamental level of the positronium. We also give the only experimental value that existing experiments can provide, $g_{\mathrm{Ps}}=2.0023\pm 0.0012$ at $3\sigma$.

    hep-phphysics.atom-phEur.Phys.J.D(2023)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Refactorization of endpoint divergencies for the ${\mathcal{O}}_7$ contribution to ${\bar{B}}_s\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$

    Nicolas Seitz🇩🇪

    We report on the construction of a factorization theorem for the contribution of the electromagnetic dipole operator ${\mathcal{O}}_7$ to the ${\bar{B}}_s\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ decay amplitude. The leading-order contribution from a QED box diagram features a double-logarithmic enhancement associated to the different rapidities of the light quark in the ${\bar{B}}_s$-meson and the energetic muons in the final state. We analyse the cancellation of the related endpoint divergences appearing in individual momentum regions, and show how the rapidity logarithms can be isolated by suitable subtractions applied to the corresponding bare factorization theorem. This allows us to include in a straightforward manner the QCD corrections arising from the renormalization-group running of the hard matching coefficient, the hard-collinear scattering kernel, and the ${\bar{B}}_s$-meson distribution amplitude.

    hep-phPoS·0 citations
14. 14*

    Prediction of various observables for $B_s^0\to D_s^{(\ast )-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$ within covariant confined quark model

    J. N. Pandya🇮🇳 · P. Santorelli🇮🇹 · N. R. Soni🇮🇹

    In 2020, the LHCb collaboration reported the exclusive branching fractions for the channels $B_s^0\to D_s^{(\ast )-}{\mu }^{+}{\nu }_{\mu }$ for the very first time. In view of these observations, we have recently reported the form factors and branching fraction computations for these channels employing the covariant confined quark model. As different other channels corresponding to $b\to c\ell {\nu }_{\ell }$ have provided the hint for New Physics, the analysis of observables such as forward-backward asymmetry, longitudinal and transverse polarizations across the lepton flavours can serve as one of the important probes for the search for possible New Physics. In present work, we compute these observables for all the lepton flavours and compare our predictions with the other theoretical approaches.

    hep-phEur.Phys.J.ST(2024)·8 citations
15. 15*

    A primer on Higgs Effective Field Theory with Geometry

    Rodrigo Alonso🇬🇧

    These lecture notes, prepared for the 2022 QUC summer school at KIAS, provide an introduction to Higgs Effective Field Theory and the use of field geometry in Quantum Field Theory. While not sounding the depths of any of these topics, we will cover and give a sense of the inner workings of: the action for Goldstone bosons, the independence of scattering amplitudes from field parametrisations, linear vs non-linear realizations --their `geography' and experimental prospects to tell them apart--, ultra-violet completions and the LSZ formula for fields in curved space.

    hep-phhep-th25 citations
16. 16*

    The Splitting of Chiral and Deconfinement Phase Transitions induced by Rotation

    Fei Sun🇨🇳 · Kun Xu🇨🇳 · Mei Huang🇨🇳

    The chiral and deconfinement phase transitions under rotation have been simultaneously investigated in the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. An interesting observation has been found that the chiral phase transition is catalyzed and the deconfinement phase transition is decelerated by rotation, therefore a chiral symmetric but confined phase is induced by rotation, which indicates that chiral dynamics and gluon dynamics can be split by rotation.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·41 citations
17. 17*

    Rescuing leptogenesis parameter space of inverse seesaw

    Ananya Mukherjee🇮🇳 · Abhijit Kumar Saha🇮🇳

    In a pure inverse seesaw framework, achieving a substantial lepton asymmetry that can be converted into the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe is extremely challenging. The difficulty arises primarily due to two reasons, (i) partial cancellation of the lepton asymmetries associated with the components of a pseudo-Dirac pair, and (ii) strong wash out caused by the inverse decays. In this work we offer two possible resolutions to overcome the above mentioned challenges considering a (3,3) ISS framework. Our first proposal is based on the assumption of a non-standard cosmological era in the pre-BBN epoch, that triggers a faster expansion of the Universe, thereby reducing the washout by several orders of magnitude. The second proposition is an alternative of first which considers a quasi-degenerate mass spectrum for the singlet heavy neutrinos, resulting into a larger order of lepton asymmetry that survives the impact of strong washout to account for the observed BAU. The viable parameters space, as obtained can be tested at present and future Lepton Flavour Violation experiments {\it e.g.} MEG and MEG II.}

    hep-phPLB(2024)·3 citations
18. 18*

    Quarks at the modular $S_4$ cusp

    I. de Medeiros Varzielas🇵🇹 · M. Levy🇵🇹 · J. T. Penedo🇵🇹 · S. T. Petcov🇮🇹

    We analyse the possibility of describing quark masses, mixing and CP violation in $S_4^{\prime }$ modular flavour models without flavons. We focus on the case where the closeness of the modulus to the point of residual ${\mathbb{Z}}_3^{ST}$ symmetry (the cusp) plays a role in generating quark mass hierarchies and discuss the role modular form normalisations play in such constructions. We find that fitting quark data requires explicit CP breaking, unless a second modulus is introduced.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·56 citations
19. 19*

    Axial-vector transition form factors and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to f_1{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$

    Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Bastian Kubis🇩🇪 · Marvin Zanke🇩🇪

    We study the transition form factors (TFFs) of axial-vector mesons in the context of currently available experimental data, including new constraints from $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to f_1(1285){\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ that imply stringent limits on the high-energy behavior and, for the first time, allow us to provide an unambiguous determination of the couplings corresponding to the two antisymmetric TFFs. We discuss how these constraints can be implemented in a vector-meson-dominance picture, and, in combination with contributions from the light-cone expansion, construct TFFs as input for the evaluation of axial-vector contributions to hadronic light-by-light scattering in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thJHEP(2023)·65 citations
20. 20*

    Strong field vacuum birefringence in plane wave pulses

    B. King🇬🇧 · T. Heinzl🇬🇧 · T. G. Blackburn🇸🇪

    By combining an adiabatic approach based on a `locally monochromatic' approximation with a local Hilbert transform, it is demonstrated how vacuum birefringence in the strong field regime can be calculated using a rate approach suitable for Monte Carlo simulation codes. Results for the flipping of the photon's polarisation (helicity) are benchmarked with evaluation of exact expressions in a circularly (linearly) polarised plane wave of finite extent. Example probabilities are given for typical experimental parameters.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·11 citations
21. 21*

    Heavy neutron stars from light scalars

    Reuven Balkin🇮🇱 · Javi Serra🇪🇸 · Konstantin Springmann🇩🇪 · Stefan Stelzl🇨🇭 · Andreas Weiler🇩🇪

    We study how light scalar fields can change the stellar landscape by triggering a new phase of nuclear matter. Scalars coupled to nucleons can develop a non-trivial expectation value at finite baryon density. This sourcing of a scalar reduces the nucleon mass and provides an additional energy density and pressure source. Under generic conditions, a new ground state of nuclear matter emerges, with striking implications for the configuration of stellar remnants. Notably, neutron stars in the new ground state can be significantly heavier than QCD equations of state currently predict. We also find hybrid stellar compositions and stable self-bound objects with sizes as small as the Compton wavelength of the scalar. We discuss several specific realizations of this scenario: the QCD axion and lighter generalizations thereof and linearly or quadratically coupled scalar fields effectively equivalent to a class of scalar-tensor modification of gravity. Lastly, we explore phenomenological signatures relevant to electromagnetic and gravitational wave observations of neutron stars, such as atypical compactness and instability gaps in radii.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEgr-qcnucl-thJHEP(2025)·51 citations
22. 22*

    High-Temperature Electroweak Baryogenesis with Composite Higgs

    Benedict von Harling🇪🇸 · Oleksii Matsedonskyi🇬🇧 · Geraldine Servant🇩🇪

    Electroweak Baryogenesis (EWBG) paired with the Composite Higgs (CH) scenario provides a well-motivated and testable framework for addressing the questions of the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry and the naturalness of the electroweak scale. The appeal of both concepts however experiences increasing pressure from the experimental side, as no conclusive signs of the corresponding new physics have been observed. In this note we present a modification of the minimal CH EWBG model, where electroweak symmetry breaking persists to temperatures far above the usually obtained upper bound of ~ 100 GeV. This allows for an increase of the mass of the main actor of EWBG in this scenario - the dilaton. Such a modification results in relaxing the tension with experimental data, generally modifying the phenomenology, and pointing at collider searches for the heavy dilaton as the main direction for its future tests.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·8 citations
23. 23*

    Dwarf (Twin) Neutron Stars I: Did GW170817 Involve One?

    Dake Zhou🇺🇸

    Dwarf neutron stars are stable twins of neutron stars but with a maximum mass less than that of neutron stars. Their existence brings into concordance the seemingly conflicting information on the size of neutron stars inferred from gravitational waves from GW170817, from the NICER mission, and from the PREX-II experiment. Their distinctive characteristics lead to rich and falsifiable predictions that are expected to be tested in the near future. If corroborated, the existence of dwarf neutron stars would substantially improve our understanding of the QCD phase diagram and offer valuable insights into the dark sector.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phnucl-ex+12 citations
24. 24*

    Bound isoscalar axial-vector $bc\bar{u}\bar{d}$ tetraquark $T_{bc}$ from lattice QCD using two-meson and diquark-antidiquark variational basis

    M. Padmanath🇮🇳 · Archana Radhakrishnan🇮🇳 · Nilmani Mathur🇮🇳

    We report a lattice QCD study of the heavy-light meson-meson interactions with an explicitly exotic flavor content $bc\bar{u}\bar{d}$, isospin $I=0$, and axialvector $J^P=1^{+}$ quantum numbers in search of possible tetraquark bound states. The calculation is performed at four values of lattice spacing, ranging $\sim$0.058 to $\sim$0.12 fm, and at five different values of valence light quark mass $m_{u/d}$, corresponding to pseudoscalar meson mass $M_{ps}$ of about 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 1.0, and 3.0 GeV. The energy eigenvalues in the finite-volume are determined through a variational procedure applied to correlation matrices built out of two-meson interpolating operators as well as diquark-antidiquark operators. The continuum limit estimates for $D{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ elastic $S$-wave scattering amplitude are extracted from the lowest finite-volume eigenenergies, corresponding to the ground states, using amplitude parametrizations supplemented by a lattice spacing dependence. Light quark mass $m_{u/d}$ dependence of the $D{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ scattering length ($a_0$) suggests that at the physical pion mass $a_0^{phys}=+0.57{(}_{-5}^{+4})(17)$ fm, which clearly points to an attractive interaction between the $D$ and ${\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ mesons that is strong enough to host a real bound state $T_{bc}$, with a binding energy of $-43{(}_{-7}^{+6}){(}_{-24}^{+14})$ MeV with respect to the $D{\bar{B}}^{\ast }$ threshold. We also find that the strength of the binding decreases with increasing $m_{u/d}$ and the system becomes unbound at a critical light quark mass $m_{u/d}^{\ast }$ corresponding to $M_{ps}^{\ast }=2.73(21)(19)$ GeV.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phPRL(2024)·46 citations
25. 25*

    Lensing impact on cosmic relics and tensions

    William Giarè🇬🇧 · Olga Mena🇪🇸 · Eleonora Di Valentino🇬🇧

    Cosmological bounds on neutrinos and additional hypothetical light thermal relics, such as QCD axions, are currently among the most restrictive ones. These limits mainly rely on Cosmic Microwave Background temperature anisotropies. Nonetheless, one of the largest cosmological signatures of thermal relics is that on gravitational lensing, due to their free streaming behavior before their non-relativistic period. We investigate late time only hot relic mass constraints, primarily based on recently released lensing data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, both alone and in combination with lensing data from the Planck Satellite. Additionally, we consider other local probes, such as Baryon Acoustic Oscillations measurements, shear-shear, galaxy-galaxy, and galaxy-shear correlation functions from the Dark Energy Survey, and distance moduli measurements from Type Ia Supernovae. The tightest bounds we find are $\sum m_{\nu }<0.43$ eV and $m_a<1.1$ eV, both at $95\%$ CL. Interestingly, these limits are still much stronger than those found on e.g. laboratory neutrino mass searches, reassessing the robustness of the extraction of thermal relic properties via cosmological observations. In addition, when considering lensing-only data, the significance of the Hubble constant tension is considerably reduced, while the clustering parameter ${\sigma }_8$ controversy is completely absent.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·15 citations
26. 26*

    Lorentz invariance violation from GRB221009A

    Hao Li🇨🇳 · Bo-Qiang Ma🇨🇳

    The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory~(LHAASO) reported observation of photons with energies above 10~TeV from gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A. A suggestion was proposed that this result may contradict our knowledge of special relativity~(SR) and the standard model~(SM), according to which photons of about 10~TeV from such a distant object should be severely suppressed because of the absorption by extragalactic background light. As a result, a number of mechanisms have been proposed to solve this potential puzzle, including Lorentz invariance violation~(LIV). In this work, we perform a detailed numerical calculation and show the feasibility to constrain LIV of photons from the LHAASO observation of GRB 221009A quantitatively.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2024)·11 citations
27. 27*

    Lorentz Force Detuning in Heterodyne Gravitational Wave Experiments

    Robin Löwenberg🇩🇪 · Gudrid Moortgat-Pick🇩🇪

    Heterodyne cavity experiments for gravitational wave (GW) detection experience a rising interest since recent studies showed that they allow to probe the ultra high frequency regime above $10\text{kHz}$. In this paper, we present a concise theoretical study of the experiment based on ideas from the former MAGO collaboration which already started experiments in turn of the millenium. It extends the former results via deriving an additional term originating from a back-action of the electromagnetic field on the cavity walls, also known as Lorentz Force Detuning. We argue that this term leads to a complex dependence of the signal power $P_{\text{sig}}$ on the coupling coefficient between the mechanical shell modes and the electromagnetic eigenmodes of the cavity. It turns out that one has to adapt the coupling over the whole parameter space since the optimal value depends on the mechanical mode ${\omega }_l$ and the GW frequency ${\omega }_g$. This result is particularly relevant for the design of future experiments.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phEPJC(2023)·6 citations
28. 28*

    Identifying Spin Properties of Evaporating Black Holes through Asymmetric Neutrino and Photon Emission

    Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez🇬🇧

    Kerr black holes radiate neutrinos in an asymmetric pattern, preferentially in the lower hemisphere relative to the black hole's rotation axis, while antineutrinos are predominantly produced in the upper hemisphere. Leveraging this asymmetric emission, we explore the potential of high-energy, $E_{\nu }\gtrsim 1$ TeV, neutrino and antineutrino detection to reveal crucial characteristics of an evaporating primordial black hole at the time of its burst when observed near Earth. We improve upon previous calculations by carefully accounting for the non-isotropic particle emission, as Earth occupies a privileged angle relative to the black hole's rotation axis. Additionally, we investigate the angular dependence of primary and secondary photon spectra and assess the evaporating black hole's time evolution during the final explosive stages of its lifetime. Since photon events outnumber neutrinos by about three orders of magnitude, we find that a neutrino measurement can aid in identifying the initial angular momentum and the black hole hemisphere facing Earth only for evaporating black holes within our solar system, at distances $\lesssim 10^{-4}$ pc, and observed during the final 100 s of their lifetime.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·14 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.