Tue·Mar 7, 2023Tuesday·March 7, 2023

1. 01*

   Confinement Potential in a Soft-Wall Holographic Model with a Hydrogen-like Spectrum

   Sergey Afonin🇷🇺 · Timofey Solomko🇷🇺

   It is well known that the Soft-Wall holographic model for QCD successfully reproduces not only the linear Regge spectrum, but also, via the holographic Wilson confinement criterion, the ''linear plus Coulomb'' confinement potential similar to the Cornell potential. This property could be interpreted as a holographic counterpart of the hadron string picture, where the linearly rising potential and Regge-like spectrum are directly related. However, such a relation does not take place in the bottom-up holographic approach. Namely, the Cornell-like potentials arise in a broad class of bottom-up holographic models, the standard Soft-Wall model is merely a particular representative of this class. We consider a calculation of confinement potential within a different representative of this class - a Soft-Wall model with linear dilaton background in the metric. This model leads to a Hydrogen like spectrum. The calculation of renormalized potential at short distances turns out to be complicated by a new subtlety that was skipped in general discussions of the issue existing in the literature. But the confinement potential of the model is shown to be not very different from the potential obtained in the standard Soft-Wall model with quadratic background.

   hep-phUniverse(2023)·2 citations
2. 02*

   Equal Majorana Phases from a Minimal and Predictive Neutrino Texture

   Sagar Tirtha Goswami🇮🇳 · Pralay Chakraborty🇮🇳 · Subhankar Roy🇮🇳

   We propose a new, minimal Majorana neutrino mass matrix texture and study its predictions within a partial tri-bimaximal (TBM) mixing scheme, where $\sin {\theta }_{12}=1/\sqrt{3}$ and $\sin {\theta }_{23}=1/\sqrt{2}$, with ${\theta }_{13}$ and $\delta$ treated as free parameters. The texture forbids ${\theta }_{13}=0$ and does not correspond to a $\mu -\tau$ symmetric structure. As a notable feature, the texture predicts the equality of the Majorana phases. In addition, we find that the predictions show distinct behavior depending on the sign of a single real texture parameter. The texture is realized through a hybrid framework of one Type-I seesaw and two Type-II seesaw mechanisms under an extended symmetry group, $SU(2{)}_L\otimes U(1{)}_Y\otimes A_4\otimes Z_{10}\otimes Z_7$ with properly chosen model parameters. The texture is seen to favor the normal hierarchy for neutrino masses.

   hep-phInt.J.Theor.Phys.(2026)·2 citations
3. 03*

   Impact of recent measurement of $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$, LHC search for supersymmetry, and LZ experiment on Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model

   Yangle He🇨🇳 · Lei Meng🇨🇳 · Yuanfang Yue🇨🇳 · Di Zhang🇨🇳

   Motivated by the recent measurement of muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab, the rapid progress of the LHC search for supersymmetry, and the significantly improved sensitivities of dark matter direct detection experiments, we studied their impacts on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We conclude that higgsino mass should be larger than about $500\mathrm{GeV}$ for $M_1<0$ and $630\mathrm{GeV}$ for $M_1>100\mathrm{GeV}$, where $M_1$ denotes the bino mass. These improved bounds imply a tuning of $\mathcal{O}(1\%)$ to predict the $Z$-boson mass and simultaneously worsen the naturalness of the $Z$- and $h$-mediated resonant annihilations to achieve the measured dark matter density. We also conclude that the LHC restrictions have set lower bounds on the sparticle mass spectra: $m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0}\gtrsim 210\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_2^0},m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_1^{\pm }}\gtrsim 235\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_3^0}\gtrsim 515\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_4^0}\gtrsim 525\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\chi }}_2^{\pm }}\gtrsim 530\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\nu }}_{\mu }}\gtrsim 235\mathrm{GeV}$, $m_{{\tilde{\mu }}_1}\gtrsim 215\mathrm{GeV}$, and $m_{{\tilde{\mu }}_2}\gtrsim 250\mathrm{GeV}$, where ${\tilde{\chi }}_2^0$ and ${\tilde{\chi }}_1^{\pm }$ are wino-dominated when they are lighter than about $500\mathrm{GeV}$. These bounds are far beyond the reach of the LEP experiments in searching for supersymmetry and have not been acquired before. In addition, we illuminate how some parameter spaces of the MSSM have been tested at the LHC and provide five scenarios in which the theory coincides with the LHC restrictions. Once the muon g-2 anomaly is confirmed to originate from supersymmetry, this research may serve as a guide to explore the characteristics of the MSSM in future experiments.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·19 citations
4. 04*

   Supercool exit: Gravitational waves from QCD-triggered conformal symmetry breaking

   Laura Sagunski🇩🇪 · Philipp Schicho🇩🇪 · Daniel Schmitt🇩🇪

   Classically conformal Standard Model extensions predict an intriguing thermal history of the early universe. In contrast to the common paradigm, the onset of the electroweak phase transition can be significantly delayed while the universe undergoes a period of thermal inflation. Then, a first-order chiral phase transition could not only trigger electroweak symmetry breaking but also initiate the exit from supercooling. To study the dynamics of this scenario, we focus on low-energy quark-based QCD effective models that exhibit a first-order transition. While a large amount of latent heat is naturally involved if thermal inflation ends, we find that a supercooling period prior to the QCD scale considerably enhances the timescale of the transition. This enhancement implies great observational prospects at future gravitational wave observatories. Our results are readily applicable to a wide class of scale-invariant SM extensions, as well as strongly coupled dark sectors.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·61 citations
5. 05*

   Near-threshold structures in the $D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$ mass distribution of the decay $B^{+}\to D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}{K}^{+}$

   S. S. Agaev🇦🇿 · K. Azizi🇮🇷 · H. Sundu🇹🇷

   Two near-threshold peaking structures with spin-parities $J^{\mathrm{PC}}=0^{++}$ were recently discovered by the LHCb Collaboration in the $D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$ invariant mass distribution of the decay $B^{+}\to D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}{K}^{+}$. The first of them is the resonance $X(3960)$, whereas the second one, $X_0(4140)$, is a structure with the mass around $4140\mathrm{MeV}$. To explore their natures and model them, we study the hadronic molecule $\mathcal{M}=D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$ and calculate its mass, current coupling, and width. The mass and current coupling of the molecule are extracted from the QCD two-point sum rule analyses by taking into account vacuum condensates up to dimension $10$. To evaluate its full width, we consider the processes $\mathcal{M}\to D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$, $\mathcal{M}\to {\eta }_c{\eta }^{(\prime )}$, and $\mathcal{M}\to J/\psi \varphi$. Partial widths of these decays are determined by the strong couplings $g_i,i=1,2,3,4$ at vertices $\mathcal{M}{D}_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$, $\mathcal{M}{\eta }_c{\eta }^{(\prime )}$, and $\mathcal{M}J/\psi \varphi$. They are computed by means of the three-point sum rule method. Predictions for the mass $m=(4117\pm 85)\mathrm{MeV}$ and width ${\Gamma }_{\mathcal{M}}=(62\pm 12)\mathrm{MeV}$ of the molecule $\mathcal{M}$ are compared with the corresponding LHCb data, and also with our results for the diquark-antidiquark state $X=[cs][\overline{c}\overline{s}]$. We argue that the structure $X_0(4140)$ may be interpreted as the hadronic molecule $D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$, whereas the resonance $X(3960)$ can be identified with the tetraquark $X$.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2023)·5 citations
6. 06*

   Balancing act: multivariate rational reconstruction for IBP

   A.V. Belitsky🇺🇸 · A.V. Smirnov🇷🇺 · R.V. Yakovlev🇷🇺

   We address the problem of unambiguous reconstruction of rational functions of many variables. This is particularly relevant for recovery of exact expansion coefficients in integration-by-parts identites (IBPs) based on modular arithmetic. These IBPs are indispensable in modern approaches to evaluation of multiloop Feynman integrals by means of differential equations. Modular arithmetic is far more superior to algebraic implementations when one deals with high-multiplicity situations involving a large number of Lorentz invariants. We introduce a new method based on balanced relations which allows one to achieve the goal of a robust functional restoration with minimal data input. The technique is implemented as a Mathematica package Reconstruction.m in the FIRE6 environment and thus successfully demonstrates a proof of concept.

   hep-phhep-thNPB(2023)·30 citations
7. 07*

   The Present and Future of QCD

   P. Achenbach · D. Adhikari · A. Afanasev · F. Afzal · C.A. Aidala · A. Al-bataineh · D.K. Almaalol · M. Amaryan · D. Androić · W.R. Armstrong · M. Arratia · J. Arrington and 391 other authors

   This White Paper presents the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the Hot and Cold QCD Town Meeting that took place September 23-25, 2022 at MIT, as part of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) 2023 Long Range Planning process. A total of 424 physicists registered for the meeting. The meeting highlighted progress in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) nuclear physics since the 2015 LRP (LRP15) and identified key questions and plausible paths to obtaining answers to those questions, defining priorities for our research over the coming decade. In defining the priority of outstanding physics opportunities for the future, both prospects for the short (~ 5 years) and longer term (5-10 years and beyond) are identified together with the facilities, personnel and other resources needed to maximize the discovery potential and maintain United States leadership in QCD physics worldwide. This White Paper is organized as follows: In the Executive Summary, we detail the Recommendations and Initiatives that were presented and discussed at the Town Meeting, and their supporting rationales. Section 2 highlights major progress and accomplishments of the past seven years. It is followed, in Section 3, by an overview of the physics opportunities for the immediate future, and in relation with the next QCD frontier: the EIC. Section 4 provides an overview of the physics motivations and goals associated with the EIC. Section 5 is devoted to the workforce development and support of diversity, equity and inclusion. This is followed by a dedicated section on computing in Section 6. Section 7 describes the national need for nuclear data science and the relevance to QCD research.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thNPA(2024)·135 citations
8. 08*

   Extracting $\gamma$ from CP violating decays of bottom baryons

   Shibasis Roy🇮🇳 · N. G. Deshpande🇺🇸 · Anirban Kundu🇮🇳 · Rahul Sinha🇺🇸

   The observation of CP violation in meson decays is a testament to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing paradigm, and an integral part of the Standard Model (SM). The SM also predicts the existence of CP violation in baryon decays that is yet to be observed. A critical test of the SM requires that CP violation be measured in baryon decays as well, in order to verify that it agrees with the measurement using meson decays. In this paper, we propose a modification to the recently proposed method to measure CP violating phase $\gamma$ in $b$-baryons, using interference arising implicitly due to Bose symmetry considerations of the decay amplitudes.

   hep-phhep-ex2 citations
9. 09*

   Gravitational wave signature of generic disappearance of $Z_2$-symmetry breaking domain walls

   Piyali Banerjee🇮🇳 · Urjit A. Yajnik🇮🇳

   Breaking of discrete parity at high scale gives rise to $Z_2$-domain walls (DW). The metastability of such walls can make them relatively long lived and contradict standard cosmology. We consider two classes of theories with similar underlying feature, the left right symmetric theories and two Higgs doublet models. Both of them possess some breaking of $Z_2$ discrete symmetries. As a first step, domains form at a high energy scale during parity breaking. In the second step, these domains further decompose into subdomains due to $Z_2$ symmetry breaking in two Higgs doublet models closer to the electroweak scale. We show that after this two step formation of domains and subdomains, a QCD instanton induced energy difference can remove the domain walls as well as the subdomain walls at around the same time successfully. The removal occurs purely as the result of a chance event taking place with probability very close to 0.25, and does not require one to introduce any non-renormalisable $Z_2$-symmetry breaking term to the Lagrangian. We then investigate the gravitational waves arising from the collapse of such domain walls and show that the peak frequency of these waves lies in the $10^{-7}$--$10^{-6}\text{mbox}Hz$ band, corresponding to annihilation temperatures of $1$--$10$ GeV. This frequency band is sensitive to pulsar timing array based experiments such as SKA and NANOGrav. The recent NANOGrav results rule out our DW collapse model for higher values of parity breaking scale above $10^7$ GeV. Our DW collapse model with parity breaking scales below $10^7$ GeV remains consistent with the current NANOGrav results and has a good chance of being seriously tested in future pulsar timing based experiments.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2024)·7 citations
10. 10*

    Roy equation analyses of $\pi \pi$ scatterings at unphysical pion masses

    Xiong-Hui Cao🇨🇳 · Qu-Zhi Li🇨🇳 · Zhi-Hui Guo🇨🇳 · Han-Qing Zheng🇨🇳

    An extended Roy equation including a bound state pole is used to study $\pi \pi$ scatterings at unphysical large pion masses when $\sigma$ becomes a bound state in one situation and stays as a broad resonance in the other case. The coupled integral equations at large pion masses are solved by taking the lattice driving terms and the Regge amplitudes as inputs. Relying on the solutions of Roy equations that respect unitarity, analyticity and crossing symmetry, we give predictions to the phase shifts with $IJ=00,11,20$ in the elastic energy region. We then perform analytic continuation into the complex $s$ plane to search for various poles, all of which are inside the validity domain of the Roy equation. This is the first time that lattice data at unphysical large pion masses are analyzed within the rigorous Roy equation method.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2023)·23 citations
11. 11*

    ee$\in$MC: Simulation of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Hadrons(n\gamma )$ Events

    Ian M. Nugent🇨🇦

    The ee$\in$MC generator package is extended to include $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Hadrons(n\gamma )$ events where the photons can be generated in either the initial-state or final-state production. In particular, the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}(n\gamma )$, $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\rm Y}(4s)(m\gamma )\to B^{+}{B}^{-}(n\gamma )$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\rm Y}(4s)(m\gamma )\to B^0{\bar{B}}^{-}(n\gamma )$ decay channels have been implemented in the generator. The B-mesons are not decayed in ee$\in$MC, but are left for other generators that specialized in B-mesons. Both the initial-state-radiation and final-state-radiation are simulated using the Yennie-Frautschi-Suura Exponentiation procedure \cite{Yennie:1961}, where several effective models are implemented to investigate the assumption of the radiative structure of the final-state vertex. The impact of these radiative models on the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\rm Y}(4s)(m\gamma )\to B^{+}{B}^{-}(n\gamma )$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\rm Y}(4s)(m\gamma )\to B^0{\bar{B}}^{-}(n\gamma )$ processes, excludes some models, particularly, in regards to the Coulomb potential. This has an important impact for meson and baryon systems near threshold.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
12. 12*

    Fermionic Dark Matter in Dynamical Scotogenic Model

    Eung Jin Chun🇰🇷 · Abhishek Roy🇮🇳 · Sanjoy Mandal🇰🇷 · Manimala Mitra🇮🇳

    In the Dynamical Scotogenic Model, the global $B-L$ symmetry is supposed to be broken spontaneously resulting in a massless Goldstone boson called majoron, and massive right handed neutrinos which participate in the generation of light neutrino massses at one-loop. One of them being the lightest stable particle can be a thermal dark matter candidate. We discuss how the dark matter phenomenology differs from the original Scotogenic model, taking into account all the constraints coming from the observed neutrino masses and mixing, lepton flavor violations such as $\mu \to e\gamma ,\mu \to eJ$, astrophysical and cosmological observations of stellar cooling and $N_{eff}$, as well as collider signatures such as Higgs invisible decays. We find that the dark matter annihilation to majorons plays an important role to produce the right relic abundance.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·9 citations
13. 13*

    Convergent decay constants for beauty-charm mesons at N${}^3$LO in QCD and phenomenological implications

    Wei Tao🇨🇳 · Zhen-Jun Xiao🇨🇳 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳

    We show the three-loop calculation of the matching coefficients ${\mathcal{C}}_J$ for the four heavy flavor-changing currents in nonrelativistic Quantum Chromodynamics effective theory and confirm the surprising observation of the nonconvergence behaviors of the matching coefficients for beauty-charm mesons. We demonstrate that the higher-order correction to the wave function at origin can solve the nonconvergence problem. By employing the scaling relation, we simultaneously obtain the decay constants for beauty-charm mesons up to the three-loop accuracy and the hyperfine mass splitting in agreement with the experimental data. The perturbative predictions for the leptonic decays of the beauty-charm mesons shall provide a guide in ongoing and future precision heavy flavor experiments.

    hep-ph0 citations
14. 14*

    Description of the decay $\tau \to K\pi \pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ in the NJL type chiral quark model

    Volkov M.K. · Pivovarov A.A. · Nurlan K🇷🇺

    The branching fractions of the decays ${\tau }^{-}\to K^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }$, ${\tau }^{-}\to K^{-}{\pi }^0{\pi }^0{\nu }_{\tau }$ and ${\tau }^{-}\to {\bar{K}}^0{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0{\nu }_{\tau }$ are calculated in the $U(3)\times U(3)$ Nambu--Jona-Lasinio type chiral model. Four intermediate channels are considered: the contact channel and the channels with the intermediate axial vector, vector and pseudoscalar mesons. The additional resonance states $K^{\ast }\pi$ and $K\rho$ are taken into account in all channels. It is shown that the main contributions to the widths of these decays are given by the axial vector channel. In the axial vector channel, the intermediate resonances $K_1(1270)$ and $K_1(1400)$ are taken into account. The obtained results are in satisfactory agreement with the known experimental data.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·13 citations
15. 15*

    Neutrino model with broken $\mu -\tau$ Symmetry and Unflavored Leptogenesis with Dihedral Flavor Symmetry

    M. Miskaoui🇲🇦

    We propose a new neutrino flavor model based on a $D_4\times U(1)$ flavor symmetry providing predictions for neutrino masses and mixing along with a successful generation of the observed Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU). After the spontaneous breaking of the flavor symmetry, the type I seesaw mechanism leads to a light neutrino mass matrix with broken $\mu -\tau$ symmetry. By performing a numerical analysis, we find that the model favors a normal mass hierarchy with the lightest neutrino mass lies in the range $m_1\in [2.516,21.351]$ m$\mathrm{eV}$. The phenomenological implications of the neutrino sector are explored in detail and the results are discussed. Moreover, the generation of BAU is addressed via the leptogenesis mechanism from the decay of three right-handed neutrinos $N_i$. Through analytical and numerical analysis of the baryon asymmetry parameter $Y_B$, a successful unflavored leptogenesis takes place within the allowed parameter space obtained from neutrino phenomenology. We also examine interesting correlations between $Y_B$ and low energy observables and provide a comprehensive discussion of the results.

    hep-phPhys.Dark Univ.(2024)·1 citation
16. 16*

    Quantifying Limits on CP Violating Phases from EDMs in Supersymmetry

    Kunio Kaneta🇯🇵 · Natsumi Nagata🇯🇵 · Keith A. Olive🇺🇸 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸 · Liliana Velasco-Sevilla🇰🇷

    We revisit the calculation of the electron, neutron, and proton electric dipole moments (EDMs) in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMSSM). The relatively large mass of the Higgs boson, $m_H\simeq 125$ GeV coupled with the (as yet) lack of discovery of any supersymmetric particle at the LHC, has pushed the supersymmetry breaking scale to several TeV or higher. Though one might expect this decoupling to have relaxed completely any bounds on the two CP violating phases in the CMSSM (${\theta }_{\mu }$ and ${\theta }_A$), the impressive experimental improvements in the limits on the EDMs (particularly the electron EDM) still allow us to set constraints of order $(0.01-0.1)\pi$ on ${\theta }_A$ and $(0.001-0.1)\pi$ on ${\theta }_{\mu }$. We also discuss the impact of future improvements in the experimental limits on supersymmetric models.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·14 citations
17. 17*

    Model of the quintessence axion

    Sudhakantha Girmohanta🇨🇳 · Yu-Cheng Qiu🇨🇳 · Jin-Wei Wang🇨🇳 · Tsutomu T. Yanagida🇨🇳

    We construct a model of the quintessence axion based on a gauged chiral $U(1)$ symmetry and an additional flat fifth dimension. The required high qualities are guaranteed by the brane separation. The observed cosmological constant (i.e., the potential energy of the quintessence axion) is determined by the size of the extra dimension and the axion decay constant $F_a$ is fixed almost at $F_a\simeq 10^{17}\mathrm{GeV}$, which is sufficiently large for the stability of the axion field near the hilltop of its potential. Furthermore, the movement of the axion can also easily explain the recently reported isotropic cosmic birefringence of the cosmic microwave background photon.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·6 citations
18. 18*

    Examination of thermalization of quarkonia at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

    Deekshit Kumar🇮🇳 · Nachiketa Sarkar🇮🇳 · Partha Pratim Bhaduri🇮🇳 · Amaresh Jaiswal🇮🇳

    We analyze the relative yields of different bottomonia and charmonia states produced in Pb-Pb, p-Pb and high multiplicity p-p collisions at LHC, within a semi-classical grand canonical ensemble approach. The underlying assumption is the early thermalization and subsequent freezeout of these heavy hadrons resulting in their chemical freezeout at a temperature of approximately $230$~MeV, significantly higher than that of light and strange hadrons. The systematic dependence of the freezeout temperature on the collision centrality is also investigated in details.

    hep-phPRC(2023)·10 citations
19. 19*

    Study on the weak decay between two heavy baryons ${\mathcal{B}}_i({\frac{1}{2}}^{+})\to {\mathcal{B}}_f({\frac{3}{2}}^{+})$ in the light-front quark model

    Fang Lu🇨🇳 · Hong-Wei Ke🇨🇳 · Xiao-Hai Liu🇨🇳 · Yan-Liang Shi🇺🇸

    In this work, we study the weak decay between two heavy baryons ${\mathcal{B}}_i({\frac{1}{2}}^{+})\to {\mathcal{B}}_f({\frac{3}{2}}^{+})$ in the light-front quark model where three-quark picture is employed for baryon. We derive general form of transition amplitude of ${\mathcal{B}}_i({\frac{1}{2}}^{+})\to {\mathcal{B}}_f({\frac{3}{2}}^{+})$, and analyze two specific cases of transitions: the weak decays of single heavy baryon ${\Sigma }_b\to {\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ and the decays of double-charmed baryon ${\Xi }_{cc}\to {\Sigma }_c^{\ast }({\Xi }_c^{\ast })$. We compute the hadronic form factors for the transitions and apply them to study the decay widths of the semi-leptonic ${\mathcal{B}}_i({\frac{1}{2}}^{+})\to {\mathcal{B}}_f({\frac{3}{2}}^{+})l{\bar{\nu }}_l$ and non-leptonic ${\mathcal{B}}_i({\frac{1}{2}}^{+})\to {\mathcal{B}}_f({\frac{3}{2}}^{+})M$. Previously we studied the transition ${\Sigma }_b\to {\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ with the quark-diquark picture of baryon in the light-front quark model. Here we revisit this transition with three-quark picture of baryon. At the quark level, the transition ${\Sigma }_b\to {\Sigma }_c^{\ast }$ is induced by the $b\to c$ transition.The subsystem of the two unchanged light quarks which possesses definite and same spin in initial and final state can be viewed as a spectator, so the spectator approximation can be applied directly. For the weak decay of doubly charmed baryon ${\Xi }_{cc}$, a $c$ quark decays to a light quark $q_1$, so both the initial state $cc$ and final state $q_1{q}_2$ ($q_1$ and the original $q_2$ in initial state may be the same flavor quarks) which possess definite spin are no longer spectators. A rearrangement of quarks for initial and final states is adopted to isolate the unchanged subsystem $c{q}_2$ which can be viewed as the spectator approximately. Future measurements on these channels will constrain the nonperturbative parameter in the wavefunctions and test the model predictions.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·15 citations
20. 20*

    Moduli inflation from modular flavor symmetries

    Yoshihiko Abe🇺🇸 · Tetsutaro Higaki🇯🇵 · Fumiya Kaneko🇯🇵 · Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Hajime Otsuka🇯🇵

    We study slow-roll inflation model controlled by the modular flavor symmetry. In the model, the modulus field plays a role of inflaton and the introduction of the stabilizer field coupled to a modular form in the superpotential produces the inflaton potential. In order to generate the flat direction for the slow-roll inflation, we consider the Kähler potential corrected by the modular form. It is noted that the modulus field perpendicular to the inflaton direction is stabilized during the inflation. The model turns out to be consistent with the current observations and behaves similarly to the $\alpha$-attractor models in some parameter spaces. The inflaton rolls down to the CP-symmetric vacuum at the end of inflation.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2023)·33 citations
21. 21*

    Predictions for exclusive ${\rm Y}$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions at the LHC at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD

    Kari J. Eskola🇫🇮 · Christopher A. Flett🇫🇮 · Vadim Guzey🇫🇮 · Topi Löytäinen🇫🇮 · Hannu Paukkunen🇫🇮

    We present predictions for the rapidity-differential cross sections of exclusive ${\rm Y}$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We work in the framework of collinear factorization at next-to-leading order (NLO) in perturbative QCD, modeling the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) through the Shuvaev transform of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs). While the effects due to the GPD modeling turn out to be small, the direct NLO predictions still carry significant nPDF-originating uncertainties and depend strongly on the choices of the factorization and renormalization scales. To tame the scale dependence and to account for the fact that the NLO calculations generally underpredict the photoproduction measurements on protons, we also present alternative, data-driven predictions. In this approach the underlying photoproduction cross sections on lead are found by combining their nuclear modifications calculated at NLO with the measured photoproduction cross sections on protons. The data-driven strategy reduces the uncertainties associated with the scale choices, and essentially eliminates the effects of GPD modeling thereby leaving the cross sections sensitive mainly to the input nPDFs. Our estimates indicate that the process is measurable in $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions at the LHC.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·19 citations
22. 22*

    Gluons, light and heavy quarks and their interactions in the instanton vacuum

    Mirzayusuf Musakhanov🇺🇿

    The instanton size $\rho$ and inter-instanton distance $R$ are the main parameters of Instanton Liquid Model (ILM) of the QCD vacuum. Various estimates show that $\rho \approx 1/3$ fm and $R\approx 1$ fm, and the corresponding packing parameter $\kappa ={\rho }^4/R^4\approx 0.01$. The strength of the light quark-instanton interaction is sizable and close to that of the gluon-instanton one since the dynamical light quark mass $M_q$ and dynamical gluon mass $M_g$ are given by $M_q\approx M_g\approx 360$ MeV$\sim {\kappa }^{1/2}{\rho }^{-1}$. On the other hand, the strength of the heavy quark-instanton interaction is weak - the direct instanton contribution to the heavy quark mass $\Delta M_Q^{\mathrm{dir}}\approx 70$ MeV$\sim \kappa {\rho }^{-1}.$ The instantons are responsible for mutual interactions among colored particles which are crossing the field of the same instanton, like t'Hooft-like interactions of $N_f$ light quarks ($N_f$ is the light quark flavors number). The light quark propagators in the instanton field have zero modes, which give dominant contributions. Within ILM we are able to derive the light quarks determinants and the light quarks partition function. These tools perfectly describe the light quark physics and its most important and basic phenomena - the spontaneous breaking of the chiral symmetry (SBChS) in details. These one allows us to find the properties of light and heavy quarks interactions and get SBChS traces in light-heavy and heavy-heavy quarks systems. So, we need to find heavy $Q\bar{Q}$ quarkonia spectra and their wave functions. Here we have interplay of two scales: short ($\sim (M_{Q}v{)}^{-1}\le 0.15$ fm) perturbative QCD and large ($\sim (M_Q{v}^2{)}^{-1}\sim 0.5$ fm) nonperturbative QCD scales, where $v$ is the velocity in $Q\bar{Q}$. We calculate the heavy quarks correlators with perturbative corrections within ILM.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-th2 citations
23. 23*

    Impact of nonextensivity on the transport coefficients of a magnetized hot and dense QCD matter

    Shubhalaxmi Rath🇮🇳 · Sadhana Dash🇮🇳

    We have studied the impact of the nonextensivity on the transport coefficients related to charge and heat in thermal QCD. For this purpose, the electrical (${\sigma }_{\mathrm{el}}$), Hall (${\sigma }_{\mathrm{H}}$), thermal ($\kappa$) and Hall-type thermal (${\kappa }_{\mathrm{H}}$) conductivities are determined using the kinetic theory approach in association with the nonextensive Tsallis statistical mechanism. The effect of nonextensivity is encoded in the nonextensive Tsallis distribution function, where the deviation of the parameter $q$ from 1 signifies the degree of nonextensivity in the concerned system. The thermal and electrical conductivities are found to increase with the introduction of nonextensivity, which means that the deviation of the medium from thermal equilibrium enhances both charge and heat transports. With the magnetic field, the deviations of ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{el}}$, ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{H}}$, $\kappa$ and ${\kappa }_{\mathrm{H}}$ from their respective equilibrated values increase, whereas these deviations decrease with the chemical potential. We have also studied how the extent of the nonextensivity modulates the longevity of magnetic field. Present work is further extended to the study of some observables associated with the aforesaid transport phenomena, such as the Knudsen number and the elliptic flow within the nonextensive Tsallis framework.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thEPJC(2023)·12 citations
24. 24*

    Exploring muonphilic ALPs at muon colliders

    Chih-Ting Lu🇨🇳 · Xiaoyi Luo🇨🇳 · Xinqi Wei🇨🇳

    Axion-like particles (ALPs) are new particles that extend beyond the standard model (SM) and are highly motivated. When considering ALPs within an effective field theory framework, their couplings with SM particles can be studied independently. It is a daunting task to search for GeV-scale ALPs coupled to muons in collider experiments because their coupling is proportional to the muon mass. However, a recent study by Altmannshofer, Dror, and Gori (2022) highlighted the importance of a four-point interaction, $W$-$\mu$-${\nu }_{\mu }$-$a$, as well as interactions from the chiral anomaly which couplings are not dependent on the muon mass. These interactions provide a new opportunity to explore muonphilic ALPs ($\mu$ALPs) at the GeV scale. We have explored various $\mu$ALPs production channels at muon colliders with $\mu$ALPs decaying into a pair of muons. Especially, we found a pair of neutrinos accompanied by a $\mu$ALP is a most effective channel to search for $\mu$ALPs in the electrowek violating (EWV) scenario. In contract, a photon plus a $\mu$ALP becomes a better channel to search for $\mu$ALPs in the electroweak preserving (EWP) scenario because there is no $W$-$\mu$-${\nu }_{\mu }$-$a$ interaction in this situation. Most importantly, we found that the future bounds for $\mu$ALPs in EWV scenario are much stronger than the ones in EWP scenario and the existing bounds for exploring $\mu$ALPs with $1$ GeV $\le m_a\lesssim M_W$.

    hep-phhep-exCPC(2023)·17 citations
25. 25*

    Stellar cooling limits on light scalar boson revisited

    Yasuhiro Yamamoto🇹🇼 · Koichi Yoshioka🇯🇵

    We revisit the stellar cooling limits on the light scalar boson whose coupling to the Standard Model particles is described by its mixing with the Higgs boson. Strong constraints have been obtained from the electron-nucleus bremsstrahlung process and the resonant plasma effect in the medium. We find that the bremsstrahlung contribution from the electron and nucleus scattering is of similar magnitude to the plasma mixing effect including the off-resonant mixing. The constraints on the scalar coupling are found to be about three orders of magnitude weaker than the previous evaluations. For white dwarfs, the stellar cooling constraint is even more suppressed due to the Pauli blocking effect. We obtain limits on the Higgs-scalar mixing angle of $10^{-10}-10^{-9}$ in the region where the scalar mass is lighter than about 10 keV.

    hep-phastro-ph.SRPLB(2023)·15 citations
26. 26*

    Observation of $T_{cc}$ and a quark model

    Sungsik Noh🇰🇷 · Woosung Park🇰🇷

    The recent discovery of the doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$ ($\bar{u}\bar{d}cc$) provides a stringent constraint on its binding energy relative to its lowest decay threshold. We use a fully convergent spatial wave function and perform a simultaneous global fit to both the meson and baryon spectra. Our analysis shows that a Yukawa type hyperfine potential leads to a slight bound state for $T_{cc}$ with $(I,S)=(0,1)$ below its lowest threshold, in agreement with recent experimental findings. We also find that $T_{cc}$ is highly likely to be in a compact configuration.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·26 citations
27. 27*

    Associated quarkonia production in a single boson $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation

    I.N. Belov🇷🇺 · A.V. Berezhnoy🇷🇺 · E.A. Leshchenko🇷🇺

    The production cross sections of charmonia, charmonium-bottomonium and bottomonia pairs in a single boson $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation have been studied in a wide range of energies, which will be achieved at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders such as ILC and FCC. One loop QCD corrections to QCD and EW contributions as well as their interference are considered. The both intermediate bosons $\gamma$ and $Z$ are taken into account.

    hep-phPhys.Atom.Nucl.(2023)·4 citations
28. 28*

    One-loop analysis of the interactions between doubly charmed baryons and Nambu-Goldstone bosons

    Ze-Rui Liang🇨🇳 · Peng-Cheng Qiu🇨🇳 · De-Liang Yao🇨🇳

    The interactions between the spin-$1/2$ doubly charmed baryons and Nambu-Goldstone bosons are analyzed within a manifestly relativistic baryon chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-next-to leading order, by using the so-called extended-on-mass-shell scheme. We utilize heavy diquark-antiquark symmetry to estimate the low-energy constants in the chiral effective Lagrangians. The $S$- and $P$-wave scattering lengths are predicted. We find that those diagrams, vanishing exactly in the heavy-quark limit, do contribute slightly to the $S$-wave scattering lengths in reality. The influence of the spin-$3/2$ doubly charmed baryons, as heavy-quark spin partners of the spin-$1/2$ ones, on the scattering lengths is discussed as well. Finally, $S$-wave phase shifts for elastic scattering processes are presented in the energy region near threshold. Our results in this work will not only be very useful for performing chiral extrapolations of future lattice QCD data, but also provide us chiral inputs for the investigation of the spectroscopy of doubly heavy baryons.

    hep-phhep-latJHEP(2023)·11 citations
29. 29*

    New inflationary probes of axion dark matter

    Xingang Chen🇺🇸 · JiJi Fan🇺🇸 · Lingfeng Li🇺🇸

    If a light axion is present during inflation and becomes part of dark matter afterwards, its quantum fluctuations contribute to dark matter isocurvature. In this article, we introduce a whole new suite of cosmological observables for axion isocurvature, which could help test the presence of axions, as well as its coupling to the inflaton and other heavy spectator fields during inflation such as the radial mode of the Peccei-Quinn field. They include correlated clock signals in the curvature and isocurvature spectra, and mixed cosmological-collider non-Gaussianities involving both curvature and isocurvature fluctuations with shapes and running unconstrained by the current data analyses. Taking into account of the existing strong constraints on axion isocurvature fluctuations from the CMB, these novel signals could still be sizable and potentially observable. In some models, the signals, if observed, could even help us significantly narrow down the range of the inflationary Hubble scale, a crucial parameter difficult to be determined in general, independent of the tensor mode.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2023)·49 citations
30. 30*

    A Coherent View of the Quark-Gluon Plasma from Energy Correlators

    Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · Jack Holguin🇫🇷 · Cyrille Marquet🇫🇷 · Ian Moult🇺🇸

    The ability to measure detailed aspects of the substructure of high-energy jets traversing the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) has provided a new window into its internal dynamics. However, drawing robust conclusions from traditional jet substructure observables has been difficult. In this manuscript we expand on a new approach to jet substructure in heavy-ion collisions based on the study of correlation functions of energy flow operators (energy correlators). We compute the two-point energy correlator of an in-medium massless quark jet and perform a detailed numerical analysis of the produced spectra. Our calculation incorporates vacuum radiation resummed at next-to-leading log accuracy together with the leading order contribution in medium-induced splittings evaluated through the BDMPS-Z multiple scattering and GLV single scattering formalisms for a static brick of QGP. Our analysis demonstrates how particular features of the modifications of in-medium splittings are imprinted in the correlator spectra, particularly showing how energy correlators may be used to extract the onset of colour coherence. We further present a comprehensive discussion on the accuracy and limitations of our study emphasizing how it can be systematically improved. This work sets the foundations for a rich program studying energy correlators in heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1JHEP(2023)·98 citations
31. 31*

    Dark Matter Annihilation inside Large Volume Neutrino Detectors

    David McKeen🇨🇦 · David E. Morrissey🇨🇦 · Maxim Pospelov🇺🇸 · Harikrishnan Ramani🇺🇸 · Anupam Ray🇺🇸

    New particles in theories beyond the standard model can manifest as stable relics that interact strongly with visible matter and make up a small fraction of the total dark matter abundance. Such particles represent an interesting physics target since they can evade existing bounds from direct detection due to their rapid thermalization in high-density environments. In this work we point out that their annihilation to visible matter inside large-volume neutrino telescopes can provide a new way to constrain or discover such particles. The signal is the most pronounced for relic masses in the GeV range, and can be efficiently constrained by existing Super-Kamiokande searches for di-nucleon annihilation. We also provide an explicit realization of this scenario in the form of secluded dark matter coupled to a dark photon, and we show that the present method implies novel and stringent bounds on the model that are complementary to direct constraints from beam dumps, colliders, and direct detection experiments.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRL(2023)·27 citations
32. 32*

    Searches for new physics with boosted top quarks in the MadAnalysis 5 and Rivet frameworks

    Jack Y. Araz🇬🇧 · Andy Buckley🇬🇧 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷

    High-momentum top quarks are a natural physical system in collider experiments for testing models of new physics, and jet substructure methods are key both to exploiting their largest decay mode and to assuaging resolution difficulties as the boosted system becomes increasingly collimated in the detector. To be used in new-physics interpretation studies, it is crucial that related methods get implemented in analysis frameworks allowing for the reinterpretation of the results of the LHC such as MadAnalysis 5 and Rivet. We describe the implementation of the HEPTopTagger algorithm in these two frameworks, and we exemplify the usage of the resulting functionalities to explore the sensitivity of boosted top reconstruction performance to new physics contributions from the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. The results of this study lead to important conclusions about the implicit assumption of Standard-Model-like top-quark decays in associated collider analyses, and for the prospects to constrain the Standard Model Effective Field Theory via kinematic observables built from boosted semileptonic top-antitop events selected using HEPTopTagger.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·13 citations
33. 33*

    Neutrino mass and lepton-asymmetry in Scotogenic model

    Sumit Satapathy🇮🇳

    In this literature we show how the scotogenic frame work can be a common origin for explaining neutrino mass, lepton asymmetry and give a dark matter candidate. We start out with the extension of the Standard Model with fermions, which are odd under a discrete symmetry, with the SM-like fermions we also have a doublet scalar field like Higgs but odd under discrete symmetry. This model has potential similar to the inert doublet model, which implies we can have a Dark Matter candidate similar to IDM, the Dark matter aspect and calculation of DM parameters are not discussed extensively. In this model, we can calculate the mass of neutrinos from loop corrections that were massless at the tree level, and define a physical mass matrix which requires the inclusion of the Weinberg operator. Then we look at lepton number violation through decays of heavy Majorana neutrinos, these generate a lepton asymmetry, then with the help of sphalerons they convert the excess of lepton number to baryon number, this conversion is quantified by conversion factor. To calculate the number densities we use the Boltzmann equation, and CP asymmetry parameter which gives us the net lepton number produced, at last, the present baryon-to-photon ratio is estimated.

    hep-ph0 citations
34. 34*

    On a Relativistic Quark Model Description via the Fractional Nikiforov-Uvarov Method

    M. Abu-Shady🇪🇬 · Mohammed K. A. Kaabar🇲🇾

    The Dirac equation plays an essential role in the relativistic quantum systems, which is reduced to a form similar to Schrodinger equation when a certain potential's type is selected as the Cornell potential. By choosing the generalized fractional derivative, the fractional Nikiforov-Uvarov method is applied as a good efficient tool. The energy eigenvalues and corresponding wave functions are obtained in the sense of fractional forms by solving Dirac equation analytically. The special case is obtained, which is compatible with the classical model. Solving the fractional Dirac equation will open a new path to solve and improve results in the classical relativistic quantum systems.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·3 citations
35. 35*

    Electron-positron pair creation in the superposition of two oscillating electric field pulses with largely different frequency, duration and relative positioning

    N. Folkerts · J. Putzer · S. Villalba-Chávez🇩🇪 · C. Müller🇩🇪

    Production of electron-positron pairs in two oscillating strong electric field pulses with largely different frequencies and durations is considered. In a first scenario, the influence of a low-frequency background field on pair production by a short main pulse of high frequency is analyzed. The background field is shown to cause characteristic modifications of the momentum spectra of created particles which, in turn, may be used for imaging of the background pulse. In a second scenario, an ultrashort, relatively weak assisting pulse is superimposed onto a strong main pulse. By studying the dependence of the pair production on the field parameters it is shown that duration and relative position of the ultrashort pulse modify the momentum spectra of produced particles in a distinctive way. Both scenarios enable, moreover, to extract partial information about the time periods when pairs with certain momenta are produced predominantly.

    ↳ physics.atom-phhep-phPRA(2023)·9 citations
36. 36*

    Continued functions and critical exponents: Tools for analytical continuation of divergent expressions in phase transition studies

    Venkat Abhignan🇮🇳 · R. Sankaranarayanan🇮🇳

    Resummation methods using continued functions are implemented to converge divergent series appearing in perturbation problems related to continuous phase transitions in field theories. In some cases, better convergence properties are obtained using continued functions than diagonal Pade approximants, which are extensively used in literature. We check the reliability of critical exponent estimates derived previously in universality classes of O(n)-symmetric models (classical phase transitions) and Gross-Neveu-Yukawa models (quantum phase transitions) using new methods.

    ↳ cond-mat.stat-mechhep-phEur.Phys.J.B(2023)·3 citations
37. 37*

    Standard Model in conformal geometry: local vs gauged scale invariance

    D. M. Ghilencea🇷🇴 · C. T. Hill🇺🇸

    We discuss comparatively local versus gauged Weyl symmetry beyond Standard Model (SM) and Einstein gravity and their geometric interpretation. The SM and Einstein gravity admit a natural embedding in Weyl integrable geometry which is a special limit of Weyl conformal (non-metric) geometry. The theory has a {\it local} Weyl scale symmetry but no associated gauge boson. Unlike previous models with such symmetry, this embedding is truly minimal i.e. with no additional fields beyond SM and underlying geometry. This theory is compared to a similar minimal embedding of SM and Einstein gravity in Weyl conformal geometry (SMW) which has a full {\it gauged} scale invariance, with an associated Weyl gauge boson. At large field values, both theories give realistic, Starobinsky-Higgs like inflation. The broken phase of the current model is the decoupling limit of the massive Weyl gauge boson of the broken phase of SMW, while the local scale symmetry of the current model is part of the larger gauged scale symmetry of SMW. Hence, the current theory has a gauge embedding in SMW. Unlike in the SMW, we note that in models with local scale symmetry the associated current is trivial, which is a concern for the physical meaning of this symmetry. Therefore, the SMW is a more fundamental UV completion of SM in a full gauge theory of scale invariance that generates Einstein gravity in the (spontaneously) broken phase, as an effective theory.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phAnnals Phys.(2024)·19 citations
38. 38*

    Spin Density Matrix for ${\Omega }^{-}$ and its Polarization Alignment in $\psi (3686)\to {\Omega }^{-}{\bar{\Omega }}^{+}$

    Zhe Zhang🇨🇳 · Jiao Jiao Song🇨🇳

    We investigate the spin density matrix of ${\Omega }^{-}$ in the Cartesian coordinate system of baryon-antibaryon pairs produced in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation. Using the helicity formalism of Jacob and Wick, we derive the expression for the spin-3/2 density matrices. Our analysis is based on the angular distribution of the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \psi (3686)\to {\Omega }^{-}{\bar{\Omega }}^{+}$ in the BESIII experiment. By decomposing the polarization state of ${\Omega }^{-}$ particles along different coordinate axes, we examine the polarization dependence of the cross-section. Our results demonstrate that ${\Omega }^{-}$ particles exhibit varying degrees of tensor polarization along the x-, y-, and z-axes, as well as weak vector polarization and rank-3 tensor polarization along the y-axis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to calculate the polarization dependence of the cross-section distributions for the annihilation process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Omega }^{-}{\bar{\Omega }}^{+}$. Our theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phCPC(2023)·10 citations
39. 39*

    Pythia 8 as hadronic interaction model in air shower simulations

    Maximilian Reininghaus🇩🇪 · Torbjörn Sjöstrand🇸🇪 · Marius Utheim🇫🇮

    Hadronic interaction models are a core ingredient of simulations of extensive air showers and pose the major source of uncertainties of predictions of air shower observables. Recently, Pythia~8, a hadronic interaction model popular in accelerator-based high-energy physics, became usable in air shower simulations as well. We have integrated Pythia~8 with its new capabilities into the air shower simulation framework CORSIKA~8. First results show significantly shallower shower development, which we attribute to higher cross-section predictions by the new simplified nuclear model of Pythia.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2023)·13 citations
40. 40*

    GKZ hypergeometric systems of the three-loop vacuum Feynman integrals

    Hai-Bin Zhang🇨🇳 · Tai-Fu Feng🇨🇳

    We present the Gel'fand-Kapranov-Zelevinsky (GKZ) hypergeometric systems of the Feynman integrals of the three-loop vacuum diagrams with arbitrary masses, basing on Mellin-Barnes representations and Miller's transformation. The codimension of derived GKZ hypergeometric systems equals the number of independent dimensionless ratios among the virtual masses squared. Through GKZ hypergeometric systems, the analytical hypergeometric series solutions can be obtained in neighborhoods of origin including infinity. The linear independent hypergeometric series solutions whose convergent regions have non-empty intersection can constitute a fundamental solution system in a proper subset of the whole parameter space. The analytical expression of the vacuum integral can be formulated as a linear combination of the corresponding fundamental solution system in certain convergent region.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MPJHEP(2023)·9 citations
41. 41*

    The hidden sector variations in the $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric three-family Pati-Salam models from intersecting D6-branes

    Adeel Mansha🇨🇳 · Tianjun Li🇨🇳 · Lina Wu🇨🇳

    It is well-known that three-family supersymmetric Pati-Salam models from intersecting D6-branes, where either one or both of the $\mathrm{U}(2)$ gauge factors are replaced by a $\mathrm{USp}(2)$ group, are quite scarce. In order to construct all such kind of models with generic additional gauge symmetries, we fix the observable sectors and study all the possible hidden sectors. Thus, we are able to completely determine all types of such kind of the inequivalent models on a ${\mathbb{T}}^6/({\mathbb{Z}}_2\times {\mathbb{Z}}_2)$ orientifold from IIA string theory. We find the gauge coupling relations to be highly sensitive to the variations in the hidden sector. One of the models exhibits the gauge coupling unification for a particular solution at the string scale. In addition, we perform scan on the hidden sector variations for the models presented in arXiv:2112.09632, whose gauge coupling relations are still preserved. Thus, we fix the gap in the previous study and complete the model building for all the inequivalent models.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phEPJC(2023)·12 citations
42. 42*

    A Crossover phase transition based on the phenomenology of hadronic matter and quark matter

    Mahboubeh Shahrbaf🇵🇱

    The phase transition calculations are utilized for an in-depth understanding of the thermodynamics of the deconfinement transition to perform the best analysis of the QCD phase diagram. The phenomenological justifications for a mathematical approach to constructing the phase transition are found based on the properties of hadronic matter at low densities as well as quark matter at high densities. We modify both the quark matter equation of state by confining effects at low densities and the hadronic matter equation of state by excluded volume effects at higher densities. Over the intermediate densities, the transition from the hadronic phase to the quark phase is modified by the surface tension between to phases. The results are in agreement with the observational constraints of neutron stars.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph0 citations
43. 43*

    Negative moment of inertia and rotational instability of gluon plasma

    Victor V. Braguta🇷🇺 · Maxim N. Chernodub🇫🇷 · Artem A. Roenko🇷🇺 · Dmitrii A. Sychev🇷🇺

    Using first-principle numerical simulations of the lattice SU(3) gauge theory, we calculate the isothermal moment of inertia of the rigidly rotating gluon plasma. We find that the moment of inertia unexpectedly takes a negative value below the "supervortical temperature" $T_s=1.50(10)T_c$, vanishes at $T=T_s$, and becomes a positive quantity at higher temperatures. The negative moment of inertia indicates a thermodynamic instability of rigid rotation. We derive the condition of thermodynamic stability of the vortical plasma and show how it relates to the scale anomaly and the magnetic gluon condensate. The rotational instability of gluon plasma shares a striking similarity with the rotational instabilities of spinning Kerr and Myers-Perry black holes.

    ↳ hep-latcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phhep-thPLB(2024)·57 citations
44. 44*

    Dark Stars and Gravitational Waves: Topical Review

    Kilar Zhang🇨🇳 · Ling-Wei Luo🇹🇼 · Jie-Shiun Tsao🇹🇼 · Chian-Shu Chen🇹🇼 · Feng-Li Lin🇹🇼

    Motivated by recent observations of compact binary gravitational wave events reported by LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA, we review the basics of dark and hybrid stars and examine their probabilities as mimickers for black holes and neutron stars. This review aims to survey this exciting topic and offer the necessary tools for the research study at the introductory level. Although called a review, some results are newly derived, such as the equations of state for specific dark star models and the scaling symmetry for the Tidal Love number.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEgr-qchep-phhep-thResults Phys.(2023)·15 citations
45. 45*

    Bell violation in $2\to 2$ scattering in photon, gluon and graviton EFTs

    Diptimoy Ghosh🇮🇳 · Rajat Sharma🇮🇳

    In this paper, we explore Bell inequality violation for $2\to 2$ scattering in Effective Field Theories (EFTs) of photons, gluons, and gravitons. Using the CGLMP Bell parameter ($I_2$), we show that, starting from an appropriate initial non-product state, the Bell inequality can always be violated in the final state (i.e.,$I_2>2$) at least for some scattering angle. For an initial product state, we demonstrate that abelian gauge theories behave qualitatively differently than non-abelian gauge theories (or Gravity) from the point of view of Bell violation in the final state: in the non-abelian case, Bell violation ($I_2>2$) is never possible within the validity of EFTs for weakly coupled UV completions. Interestingly, we also find that, for a maximally entangled initial state, scattering can reduce the degree of entanglement only for CP-violating theories. Thus Bell violation in $2\to 2$ scattering can, in principle, be used to classify CP conserving vs violating theories.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phquant-phJHEP(2023)·10 citations
46. 46*

    Early Dark Energy in Type IIB String Theory

    Michele Cicoli🇮🇹 · Matteo Licheri🇮🇹 · Ratul Mahanta🇮🇹 · Evan McDonough🇨🇦 · Francisco G. Pedro🇮🇹 · Marco Scalisi🇩🇪

    Early Dark Energy (EDE) is a promising model to resolve the Hubble Tension, that, informed by Cosmic Microwave Background data, features a generalization of the potential energy usually associated with axion-like particles. We develop realizations of EDE in type IIB string theory with the EDE field identified as either a $C_4$ or $C_2$ axion and with full closed string moduli stabilization within the framework of either KKLT or the Large Volume Scenario. We explain how to achieve a natural hierarchy between the EDE energy scale and that of the other fields within a controlled effective field theory. We argue that the data-driven EDE energy scale and decay constant can be achieved without any tuning of the microscopic parameters for EDE fields that violate the weak gravity conjecture, while for states that respect the conjecture it is necessary to introduce a fine-tuning. This singles out as the most promising EDE candidates, amongst several working models, the $C_2$ axions in LVS with 3 non-perturbative corrections to the superpotential generated by gaugino condensation on D7-branes with non-zero world-volume fluxes.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2023)·40 citations
47. 47*

    Resonance structures in kink-antikink scattering in a quantum vacuum

    Mainak Mukhopadhyay🇺🇸 · Tanmay Vachaspati🇺🇸

    We investigate kink-antikink scattering in the $\lambda {\varphi }^4$ model in the presence of an additional scalar field, $\psi$, that is in its quantum vacuum and interacts with $\varphi$ via a $\xi {\varphi }^2{\psi }^2$ term where $\xi$ is the coupling. The final state of such a scattering is either a bound state with eventual annihilation or a reflection of the kink-antikink pair. Without the $\psi$ field, the outcome is known to depend fractally on the initial velocity of the kink-antikink pair. In the quantum vacuum of the $\psi$ field, the fractal dependence gets modified and disappears above a critical interaction strength, $\xi \approx 0.1$.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.otherhep-phPRD(2023)·14 citations
48. 48*

    Zero Modes of Fermions Trapped by Giant Vortices

    Logan Gates🇨🇦 · Alexander A. Penin🇨🇦

    Zero-energy solutions of the Dirac equation for the fermions bound to giant vortices of large winding number $n$ are studied in the abelian Higgs and Chern-Simons Higgs models. The case of Jackiw-Rossi theory of the Majorana states in topological superconductors is discussed in detail. By expanding in inverse powers of $n$ we find an analytic result for asymptotically all $n$ solutions required by the index theorem. In the abelian Higgs model the zero modes fill the vortex core and reveal a universal structure independent of fine details of the gauge and scalar field interactions which, in particular, determines the general properties of the large-$n$ superconducting cosmic strings. On the contrary, for the Chern-Simons Higgs vortices the zero modes are localized on the core boundary and the explicit solution is obtained for the supersymmetric couplings in a self-dual background.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2023)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.