Wed·Feb 1, 2023Wednesday·February 1, 2023

1. 01*

   Asymmetries in Extended Dark Sectors: A Cogenesis Scenario

   Juan Herrero-Garcia🇪🇸 · Giacomo Landini🇪🇸 · Drona Vatsyayan🇪🇸

   The observed dark matter relic abundance may be explained by different mechanisms, such as thermal freeze-out/freeze-in, with one or more symmetric/asymmetric components. In this work we investigate the role played by asymmetries in determining the yield and nature of dark matter in non-minimal scenarios with more than one dark matter particle. In particular, we show that the energy density of a particle may come from an asymmetry, even if the particle is asymptotically symmetric by nature. To illustrate the different effects of asymmetries, we adopt a model with two dark matter components. We embed it in a multi-component cogenesis scenario that is also able to reproduce neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry. In some cases, the model predicts an interesting monochromatic neutrino line that may be searched for at neutrino telescopes.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·7 citations
2. 02*

   Extraction of neutron density distributions from high-statistics coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering data

   D. Aristizabal Sierra🇨🇱

   Forthcoming fixed-target coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments aim at measurements with $\mathcal{O}(\text{tonne})$-scale detectors and substantially reduced systematic and statistical uncertainties. With such high quality data, the extraction of point-neutron distributions mean-square radii requires a better understanding of possible theoretical uncertainties. We quantify the impact of single-nucleon electromagnetic mean-square radii on the weak-charge form factor and compare results from weak-charge form factor parametrizations and weak-charge form factor decompositions in terms of elastic vector proton and neutron form factors, including nucleon form factors $Q$-dependent terms up to order $Q^2$. We assess as well the differences arising from results derived using weak-charge form factor decompositions in terms of elastic vector proton and neutron form factors and a model-independent approach based solely on the assumption of spherically symmetric nuclear ground state. We demonstrate the impact of the main effects by assuming pseudo-data from a one-tonne LAr detector and find that, among the effects and under the assumptions considered in this paper, weak-charge form factor parametrizations and weak-charge form factor decompositions in terms of elastic vector proton and neutron form factors enable the extraction of the ${}^{40}\text{Ar}$ point-neutron distribution mean-square radius with a $\sim 15\%$ accuracy. With a substantial reduction of the beam-related neutron and steady-state backgrounds a $\sim 1\%$ precision extraction seems feasible, using either of the two approaches.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPLB(2023)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Novel loop-diagrammatic approach to QCD $\theta$ parameter and application to the left-right model

   Junji Hisano🇯🇵 · Teppei Kitahara🇯🇵 · Naohiro Osamura🇯🇵 · Atsuyuki Yamada🇯🇵

   When the QCD axion is absent in full theory, the strong $CP$ problem has to be explained by an additional mechanism, e.g., the left-right symmetry. Even though tree-level QCD $\bar{\theta }$ parameter is restricted by the mechanism, radiative corrections to $\bar{\theta }$ are mostly generated, which leads to a dangerous neutron electric dipole moment (EDM). The ordinary method for calculating the radiative $\bar{\theta }$ utilizes an equation $\bar{\theta }=-\text{arg}\text{det}{m}_q^{\mathrm{loop}}$ based on the chiral rotations of complex quark masses. In this paper, we point out that when full theory includes extra heavy quarks, the ordinary method is unsettled for the extra quark contributions and does not contain its full radiative corrections. We formulate a novel method to calculate the radiative corrections to $\bar{\theta }$ through a direct loop-diagrammatic approach, which should be more robust than the ordinary one. As an application, we investigate the radiative $\bar{\theta }$ in the minimal left-right symmetric model. We first confirm a seminal result that two-loop level radiative $\bar{\theta }$ completely vanishes (corresponding to one-loop corrections to the quark mass matrices). Furthermore, we estimate the size of a non-vanishing radiative $\bar{\theta }$ at three-loop level. It is found that the resultant induced neutron EDM is comparable to the current experimental bound, and the expected size is restricted by the perturbative unitarity bound in the minimal left-right model.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·25 citations
4. 04*

   Rare $W$-boson decays into a vector meson and lepton pair

   Dao-Neng Gao🇨🇳

   We have presented a theoretical study of exclusive rare $W$-boson decays, $W\to V\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ with $V$ denoting a neutral vector meson and $\ell =e$ or $\mu$, in the standard model. The leading-order contributions to these processes are given by $W\to {\gamma }^{\ast }\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ with the subsequent ${\gamma }^{\ast }\to V$ transition. Branching fractions of these decay modes, for $V=\rho$, $\omega$, $\varphi$, and $J/\Psi$, respectively, have been calculated and predicted around $10^{-6}\sim 10^{-7}$, which are surprisingly larger than those of two-body hadronic radiative decays $W^{\pm }\to M^{\pm }\gamma$ with $M$ denoting a pseudoscalar or vector meson. Thus it is expected that rare $W$ decays into a neutral vector meson plus lepton pair may be the promising channels in future experimental facilities with a large number of $W$-boson events produced.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Higgs production at next generation $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders

   Deniz Yilmaz🇹🇷 · Mehmet Sahin🇹🇷 · Dogukan Hazar Yavuz🇹🇷

   In this study, Higgs production processes, Higgsstrahlung and vector boson (W and Z) fusion processes, were investigated for four different future lepton colliders (CEPC, ILC, CLIC, and FCC-ee). The cross sections for each production process and corresponding backgrounds were calculated considering the ISR and beamstrahlung effects. Various cuts and the b-tagging method were used to reduce the background. Finally, the number of events for each collider was determined, and significance calculations were performed. In our calculations, high event numbers were obtained for all four colliders for the Higgsstrahlung, W, and Z fusion process. This shows that electron-positron colliders will play an important role in future Higgs physics research.

   hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2023)·0 citations
6. 06*

   Perfect QCD -- a new Universal approach to soft QCD

   Peter Christiansen🇸🇪

   The ideas presented in this proceeding aims to be a first step towards a description of hadronic collisions where all soft processes are fundamentally strongly coupled and the same Universal strongly coupled physics drives both initial and final-state interactions. As it is not currently possible to derive such a picture from first principles, instead, an attempt to generalize the perfect liquid observation to a ``perfect QCD'' guiding principle is presented, focusing on implications for particle production in small systems. The first steps towards a microscopic model is taken by arguing that ``perfect QCD'' suggests that the screening in the initial state is so large that multi-parton interactions are of little or no importance. Instead, a target and projectile remnant is coherently excited and particle production is mainly driven by radiation in a qualitative similar manner as $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to q\bar{q}$. Finally, some of the possible implications of this ``excited remnant model'' are presented. It is argued that the time ordering of soft and hard physics can explain the absence of jet quenching in small systems and that the coherence scale of the projectile and target provides insights into what small systems will exhibit flow.

   hep-phnucl-exnucl-thRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Quantum decoherence of neutrino mass states

   Konstantin Stankevich🇷🇺 · Alexander Studenikin🇷🇺

   We study the interplay of the neutrino quantum decoherence and bipolar collective neutrino oscillations. Using the numerical simulation of the neutrino evolution in a supernova environment we showthe suppression of the bipolar collective neutrino oscillations by the quantum decoherence of the neutrino mass states.

   hep-phhep-thPhys.Part.Nucl.Lett.(2023)·2 citations
8. 08*

   Minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model with $A_4$ modular symmetry

   Ankita Kakoti🇮🇳 · Bichitra Bijay Boruah🇮🇳 · Mrinal Kumar Das🇮🇳

   In this paper, we have realized the left-right symmetric model with modular symmetry. We have used $\Gamma$(3) modular group which is isomorphic to non-abelian discrete symmetry group $A_4$. The advantage of using modular symmetry is the non-requirement for the use of extra particles called 'flavons'. In this model, the Yukawa couplings are expressed in terms of modular forms $(Y_1,Y_2,Y_3)$. In this work, we have studied minimal Left-Right Symmetric Model for both type-I and type-II dominances. Here, we have calculated the values for the Yukawa couplings and then plotted it against the sum of the neutrino masses. The results obtained are well within the experimental limits for the desired values of sum of neutrino masses. We have also briefly analyzed the effects of the implications of modular symmetry on neutrinoless double beta decay with the new physics contributions within Left-Right Symmetric Model.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Unweighting multijet event generation using factorisation-aware neural networks

   Timo Janßen🇩🇪 · Daniel Maître🇬🇧 · Steffen Schumann🇩🇪 · Frank Siegert🇩🇪 · Henry Truong

   In this article we combine a recently proposed method for factorisation-aware matrix element surrogates with an unbiased unweighting algorithm. We show that employing a sophisticated neural network emulation of QCD multijet matrix elements based on dipole factorisation can lead to a drastic acceleration of unweighted event generation. We train neural networks for a selection of partonic channels contributing at the tree-level to $Z+4,5$ jets and $t\bar{t}+3,4$ jets production at the LHC which necessitates a generalisation of the dipole emulation model to include initial state partons as well as massive final state quarks. We also present first steps towards the emulation of colour-sampled amplitudes. We incorporate these emulations as fast and accurate surrogates in a two-stage rejection sampling algorithm within the Sherpa Monte Carlo that yields unbiased unweighted events suitable for phenomenological analyses and post-processing in experimental workflows, e.g. as input to a time-consuming detector simulation. For the computational cost of unweighted events we achieve a reduction by factors between $16$ and $350$ for the considered channels.

   hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2023)·41 citations
10. 10*

    The scalar exotic resonances X(3915), X(3960), X(4140)

    A.M.Badalian🇷🇺 · Yu.A.Simonov🇷🇺

    The scalar resonances $X(3915),X(3960),X(4140)$ are considered as exotic four-quark states: $cq\bar{c}\bar{q},cs\bar{c}\bar{s},cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$, while the $X(3863)$ is proved to be the $c\bar{c},2{}^3{P}_0$ state. The masses and the widths of these resonances are calculated in the framework of the Extended Recoupling Model, where a four-quark system is formed inside the bag and has relatively small size ($\text{la}1.0$~fm). Then the resonance $X(3915)$ appears due to the transitions: $J/\psi \omega$ into $D^{\ast +}{D}^{\ast -}$ (or $D^{\ast 0}{\bar{D}}^{\ast 0})$ and back, while the $X(3960)$ is created due to the transitions $D_s^{+}{D}_s^{-}$ into $J/\psi \varphi$ and back, and the $X(4140)$ is formed in the transitions $J/\psi \varphi$ into $D_s^{\ast +}{D}_s^{\ast -}$ and back. The characteristic feature of the recoupling mechanism is that this type of resonances can be predominantly in the $S$-wave decay channels and has $J^P=0^{+}$. In two-channel case the resonance occurs to be just near the lower threshold, while due to coupling to third channel (like the $c\bar{c}$ channel) it is shifted up and lies by (20--30)~MeV above the lower threshold. The following masses and widths are calculated: $M(X(3915))=3920$~MeV, $\Gamma (X(3915))=20$~MeV; $M(X(3960))=3970$~MeV, $\Gamma (X(3960)=45(5)$~MeV, $M(X(4140))=4120(20)$~MeV, $\Gamma (X(4140))=100$~MeV, which are in good agreement with experiment.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·15 citations
11. 11*

    QCD equation of state at finite isospin density from the linear sigma model with quarks: The cold case

    Alejandro Ayala🇲🇽 · Aritra Bandyopadhyay🇨🇳 · Ricardo L. S. Farias🇧🇷 · Luis A. Hernández🇲🇽 · José Luis Hernández🇪🇸

    We use the two-flavor linear sigma model with quarks to study the phase structure of isospin asymmetric matter at zero temperature. The meson degrees of freedom provide the mean field chiral- and isospin-condensates on top of which we compute the effective potential accounting for constituent quark fluctuations at one-loop order. Using the renormalizability of the model, we absorb the ultraviolet divergences into suitable counter-terms that are added respecting the original structure of the theory. These counter-terms are determined from the stability conditions which require the effective potential to have minima in the condensates directions at the classical values, as well as the transition from the non-condensed to the condensed phase to be smooth as a function of the isospin chemical potential. We use the model to study the evolution of the condensates as well as the pressure, energy and isospin densities and the sound velocity as functions of the isospin chemical potential. The approach does a good average description up to isospin chemical potentials values not too large as compared to the vacuum pion mass.

    hep-phhep-latnucl-thPRD(2023)·28 citations
12. 12*

    Studies of New Physics in $B_q^0-{\bar{B}}_q^0$ Mixing and Implications for Leptonic Decays

    Kristof De Bruyn🇳🇱 · Robert Fleischer🇳🇱 · Eleftheria Malami🇳🇱 · Philine van Vliet🇩🇪

    The phenomenon of $B_q^0$-${\bar{B}}_q^0$ mixing ($q=d,s$) provides a sensitive probe for physics beyond the Standard Model. We have a careful look at the determination of the Unitarity Triangle apex, which is needed for the Standard Model predictions of the $B_q$ mixing parameters, and explore how much space for New Physics is left through the current data. We study the impact of tensions between inclusive and exclusive determinations of the CKM matrix elements $|V_{ub}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$, and focus on the $\gamma$ angle extraction. We present various future scenarios and discuss the application of these results for leptonic rare $B$ decays, which allows us to minimise the CKM parameter impact in the New Physics searches. Performing future projections, we explore and illustrate the impact of increased precision on key input quantities. It will be exciting to see how more precise data in the future high-precision era of flavour physics can lead to a much sharper picture.

    hep-phhep-exPoS(2024)·3 citations
13. 13*

    Anomalous triple gauge couplings in electroweak dilepton tails at the LHC and interference resurrection

    Haeyun Hwang🇰🇷 · Ui Min🇰🇷 · Junghyeon Park🇰🇷 · Minho Son🇰🇷 · Jae Hyeok Yoo🇰🇷

    We study the electroweak dilepton production with two forward jets at the LHC, aiming to measure the anomalous triple gauge couplings in the Effective Field Theory (EFT) approach. This process exhibits a distinctive feature, namely, the interference between Standard Model (SM) and beyond the SM is resurrected in the inclusive cross section of the full amplitude, including two forward jets. As a concrete illustration, we perform the detailed analytic and numerical study of the interference using a simpler toy process, and discuss the subtlety of the effective W approximation. We propose a new kinematic variable, VBFhardness, that controls the amount of energy flowing into the dilepton subprocess. We show that an appropriate cut on VBFhardness makes the interference resurrection manifest. Finally, we use the invariant mass of the dilepton system as well as the transverse momentum, as done in the literature, to derive the sensitivity to anomalous triple gauge couplings at the LHC and the high luminosity LHC. Our result is compared with the existing limits from the experiments.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·6 citations
14. 14*

    CMB signature of non-thermal Dark Matter produced from self-interacting dark sector

    Dilip Kumar Ghosh🇮🇳 · Purusottam Ghosh🇮🇳 · Sk Jeesun🇮🇳

    The basic idea of this work is to achieve the observed relic density of a non-thermal dark matter(DM) and its connection with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) via additional relativistic degrees of freedom which are simultaneously generated during the period $T_{\mathrm{BBN}}\mathrm{to}{T}_{\mathrm{CMB}}$ from a long-lived dark sector particle. To realize this phenomena we minimally extend the type-I seesaw scenario with a Dirac fermion singlet($\chi$) and a complex scalar singlet ($\phi$) which transform non-trivially under an unbroken symmetry ${\mathcal{Z}}_3$. $\chi$ being the lightest particle in the dark sector acts as a stable dark matter candidate while the next to lightest state $\phi$ operates like a long lived dark scalar particle. The initial density of $\phi$ can be thermally produced through either self-interacting number changing processes ($3\phi \to 2\phi$) within dark sector or the standard annihilation to SM particles ($2\phi \to 2\mathrm{SM}$). The late time (after neutrino decoupling) non-thermal decay of $\phi$ can produce dark matter in association with active neutrinos. The presence of extra relativistic neutrino degrees of freedom at the time of CMB can have a significant impact on $\Delta {\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{eff}}$. Thus the precise measurement of $\Delta {\mathrm{N}}_{\mathrm{eff}}$ by current PLANCK 2018 collaboration and future experiments like SPT-3G and CMB-S4 can indirectly probe this non-thermal dark matter scenario which is otherwise completely secluded due to its tiny coupling with the standard model.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2023)·15 citations
15. 15*

    Revisiting one-loop corrections to the trilinear Higgs boson self-coupling in the Inert Doublet Model

    Jaouad El Falaki🇲🇦

    We investigate predictions of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling with radiative corrections in the context of the Inert Doublet Model. The triple Higgs vertex is computed at the one-loop level based on the on-shell renormalization scheme. We calculate its possible deviation from the predictions within the standard model, taking into account all relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, including dark matter searches and the latest bounds on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decaying to invisible particles. By scanning the model's parameter space, we find that the deviation in the triple Higgs boson self-coupling from standard model expectations can be substantial, exceeding 100\% in certain regions of the parameter space.

    hep-phPLB(2023)·19 citations
16. 16*

    Time Dependent CP-even and CP-odd Signatures of Scalar Ultra-light Dark Matter in Neutrino Oscillations

    Marta Losada🇦🇪 · Yosef Nir🇮🇱 · Gilad Perez🇮🇱 · Inbar Savoray🇮🇱 · Yogev Shpilman🇮🇱

    Scalar ultra-light dark matter (ULDM) interacting with neutrinos can induce, under certain conditions, time-dependent modifications to neutrino oscillation probabilities. The limit in which the ULDM perturbation can be treated as constant throughout the neutrino propagation time has been addressed by several previous works. We complement these by systematically analyzing the opposite limit -- accounting for the temporal-variations of the ULDM potential by solving time-dependent Schrödinger equations. In particular, we study a novel two-generations-like CP violating (CPV) signature unique to rapidly oscillating ULDM. We derive the leading order, time-dependent, corrections to the oscillation probabilities, both for CP conserving (CPC) and CPV couplings, and explain how they can be measured in current and future experiments.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·19 citations
17. 17*

    Scalar Co-SIMP Dark Matter: Models and Sensitivities

    Aditya Parikh🇺🇸 · Juri Smirnov🇬🇧 · Weishuang Linda Xu🇺🇸 · Bei Zhou🇺🇸

    In this work, we present UV completions of the recently proposed number-changing Co-SIMP freeze-out mechanism. In contrast to the standard cannibalistic-type dark matter picture that occurs entirely in the dark sector, the $3\to 2$ process setting the relic abundance in this case requires one Standard Model particle in the initial and final states. This prevents the dark sector from overheating and leads to rich experimental signatures. We generate the Co-SIMP interaction with a dark sector consisting of two scalars, with the mediator coupling to either nucleons or electrons. In either case, \textit{the dark matter candidate is naturally light}: nucleophilic interactions favor the sub-GeV mass range and leptophilic interactions favor the sub-MeV mass range. Viable thermal models in these lighter mass regimes are particularly intriguing to study at this time, as new developments in low-threshold detector technologies will begin probing this region of parameter space. While particles in the sub-MeV regime can potentially impact light element formation and CMB decoupling, we show that a late-time phase transition opens up large fractions of parameter space. These thermal light dark matter models can instead be tested with dedicated experiments. We discuss the viable parameter space in each scenario in light of the current sensitivity of various experimental probes and projected future reach.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2023)·11 citations
18. 18*

    Structure Formation Paradigm and Axion Quark Nugget dark matter model

    Ariel Zhitnitsky🇨🇦

    We advocate an idea that ``non-baryonic" dark matter in form of nuggets made of standard model quarks and gluons (similar to the old idea of the Witten's strangelets) could play a crucial role in structure formation. The corresponding macroscopically large objects, which are called the axion quark nuggets (AQN) behave as {\it chameleons}: they do not interact with the surrounding material in dilute environment, but they become strongly interacting objects in sufficiently dense environment. The AQN model was invented long ago with a single motivation to explain the observed similarity ${\Omega }_{\mathrm{DM}}\sim {\Omega }_{\mathrm{visible}}$ between visible and DM components. This relation represents a very generic feature of this framework, not sensitive to any parameters of the construction. We argue that the strong visible-DM interaction may dramatically modify the conventional structure formation pattern at small scales to contribute to a resolution of a variety of interconnected problems (such as Core-Cusp problem, etc) which have been a matter of active research and debates in recent years. We also argue that the same visible-DM interaction at small scales is always accompanied by a broad band diffuse radiation. We speculate that the recently observed excesses of the UV emission by JWST at high redshifts and by GALEX in our own galaxy might be a direct manifestation of this AQN-induced radiation. We also speculate that the very same source of energy injection could contribute to the resolution of another long standing problem related to the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) with known discrepancies in many frequency bands (from UV to optical, IR light and radio emissions).

    hep-phastro-ph.GAPhys.Dark Univ.(2023)·14 citations
19. 19*

    Kaon Physics Without New Physics in ${\epsilon }_K$

    Jason Aebischer🇨🇭 · Andrzej J. Buras🇩🇪 · Jacky Kumar🇺🇸

    Despite the observation of significant suppression of $b\to s{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ branching ratios no clear sign of New Physics (NP) has been identified in $\Delta F=2$ observables, in particular to ${\epsilon }_K$. Assuming negligible NP contributions to these observables allows us to determine CKM parameters without being involved in the tensions between inclusive and exclusive determinations of $V_{cb}$ and $V_{ub}$. Furthermore, this method avoids the impact of NP on the determination of these parameters present likely in global fits. Simultaneously it provides SM predictions for numerous rare $K$ and $B$ branching ratios that are most accurate to date. Analyzing this scenario within $Z^{\prime }$ models we point out, following the 2009 observations of Monika Blanke and ours of 2020, that despite the absence of NP contributions to ${\epsilon }_K$, significant NP contributions to several rare Kaon decays, ${\epsilon }^{\prime }/\epsilon$ and $\Delta M_K$ can be present. In the simplest scenario, this is guaranteed by a single non-vanishing imaginary left-handed $Z^{\prime }$ coupling $g_{sd}^L$. This scenario implies very stringent correlations between the Kaon observables considered by us. In particular, the identification of NP in any of these observables implies automatically NP contributions to the remaining ones. A characteristic feature of this scenario is a strict correlation between $K^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\nu \bar{\nu }$ and $K_L\to {\pi }^0\nu \bar{\nu }$ branching ratios on a branch parallel to the Grossman-Nir bound. Moreover, $\Delta M_K$ is automatically suppressed as seems to be required by recent lattice QCD results.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2023)·15 citations
20. 20*

    Renormalization of twist-two operators in covariant gauge to three loops in QCD

    Thomas Gehrmann🇨🇭 · Andreas von Manteuffel🇺🇸 · Tong-Zhi Yang🇨🇭

    The leading short-distance contributions to hadronic hard-scattering cross sections in the operator product expansion are described by twist-two quark and gluon operators. The anomalous dimensions of these operators determine the splitting functions that govern the scale evolution of parton distribution functions. In massless QCD, these anomalous dimensions can be determined through the calculation of off-shell operator matrix elements, typically performed in a covariant gauge, where the physical operators mix with gauge-variant operators of the same quantum numbers. We derive a new method to systematically extract the counterterm Feynman rules resulting from these gauge-variant operators. As a first application of the new method, we rederive the unpolarized three-loop singlet anomalous dimensions, independently confirming previous results obtained with other methods. Employing a general covariant gauge, we observe the explicit cancellation of the gauge parameter dependence in these results.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·35 citations
21. 21*

    Equations of State for Dense Matter and Astrophysical Constraints

    Rafael Bán Jacobsen🇧🇷 · Verônica Dexheimer🇺🇸 · Ricardo Luciano Sonego Farias🇧🇷

    This conference proceeding presents an overview of the modern approaches in the study of baryonic matter at high densities, focusing on the use of online repositories such as CompOSE and MUSES for the calculation of neutron star properties. In this context, relevant astrophysical constraints for the equations of state (mass-radius relation, speed of sound, tidal deformability) are discussed.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-thnucl-thAstron.Nachr.(2023)·0 citations
22. 22*

    A New Gravitational Action For The Trace Anomaly

    Gregory Gabadadze🇺🇸

    The question of building a local diff-invariant effective gravitational action for the trace anomaly is reconsidered. General Relativity (GR) combined with the existing action for the trace anomaly is an inconsistent low energy effective field theory. This issue is addressed by extending GR into a certain scalar-tensor theory, which preserves the GR trace anomaly equation, up to higher order corrections. The extension introduces a new mass scale -- assumed to be below the Planck scale -- that governs four high dimensional terms in a local diff-invariant trace anomaly action. Such terms can be kept, while an infinite number of Planck-suppressed invariants are neglected. The resulting theory maintains two derivative equations of motion. In a certain approximation it reduces to the conformal Gallileon, which could have physical consequences.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPLB(2023)·17 citations
23. 23*

    On self-consistency in quantum field theory

    K. Scharnhorst (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)🇳🇱

    A bootstrap approach to the effective action in quantum field theory is discussed which entails the invariance under quantum fluctuations of the effective action describing physical reality (via the S-matrix).

    ↳ hep-thhep-phmath-phmath.MPLHEP(2023)·1 citation
24. 24*

    Probing Gravity for one Minute with an Optical-Lattice Atom Interferometer

    C.D. Panda🇺🇸 · M. Tao · J. Eggelhof · M. Ceja · A. Reynoso · V. Xu · H. Muller

    We have realized an atom interferometer that probes gravitational potentials by holding, rather than dropping, atoms. Up to one minute of coherence times are realized by suspending the spatially separated atomic wave packets in an optical lattice that is mode-filtered by an optical cavity. This trapped configuration suppresses phase variance due to vibrations by four to five orders of magnitude, overcoming the dominant noise source in atom-interferometric gravimeters. Recent progress in characterizing and reducing interferometer decoherence led to major increases in coherence and precision, paving the way to measurements of dark-energy candidates and probes of the quantum nature of gravity through measuring the gravity of source masses with record precision and spatial resolution.

    ↳ physics.atom-phhep-ph2 citations
25. 25*

    Parity-violation in bouncing cosmology

    Mian Zhu🇨🇳 · Yong Cai🇨🇳

    We investigate the possibility of the enhancement of parity-violation signal in bouncing cosmology. Specifically, we are interested in deciding which phase should generate the most significant parity-violation signals. We find that the dominant contribution comes from the bouncing phase, while the contraction phase has a smaller contribution. Therefore, bouncing cosmology can enhance the parity-violation signals during the bouncing phase. Moreover, since the bouncing phase has the highest energy scale in bouncing cosmology, we can also probe new physics at this scale by studying the parity-violation effect.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJHEP(2023)·18 citations
26. 26*

    Towers and Hierarchies in the Standard Model from Emergence in Quantum Gravity

    Alberto Castellano🇪🇸 · Álvaro Herráez🇫🇷 · Luis E. Ibáñez🇪🇸

    Based on Quantum Gravity arguments, it has been suggested that all kinetic terms of light particles below the UV cut-off could arise in the IR via quantum (loop) corrections. These loop corrections involve infinite towers of states becoming light (e.g. Kaluza-Klein or string towers). We study implications of this Emergence Proposal for fundamental scales in the Standard Model (SM). In this scheme all Yukawa couplings are of order one in the UV and small Yukawas for lighter generations appear via large anomalous dimensions induced by the towers of states. Thus, the observed hierarchies of quark and lepton masses are a reflection of the structure of towers of states that lie below the Quantum Gravity scale, ${\Lambda }_{\text{QG}}$. Small Dirac neutrino masses consistent with experimental observation appear due to the existence of a tower of SM singlet states of mass $m_0\simeq Y_{{\nu }_3}{M}_p\simeq 7\times 10^5$ GeV, opening up a new extra dimension, while the UV cut-off occurs at ${\Lambda }_{\text{QG}}\lesssim 10^{14}$ GeV. Additional constraints relating the Electro-Weak (EW) and cosmological constant (c.c.) scales (denoted $M_{\text{EW}}$ and $V_0$) appear if the Swampland condition $m_{{\nu }_1}\lesssim V_0^{1/4}$ is imposed (with ${\nu }_1$ denoting the lightest neutrino), which itself arises upon applying the AdS non-SUSY Conjecture or the AdS/dS Distance Conjecture to the 3d vacua from circle compactifications of the SM. In particular, the EW scale and that of the extra dimension fulfill $m_0{M}_{\text{EW}}\lesssim 10^2{V}_0^{1/4}{M}_p$, thus relating the EW hierarchy problem to that of the c.c. Hence, all fundamental scales may be written as powers of the c.c., i.e. $m_{\bullet }\sim V_0^{\delta }{M}_p^{1-4\delta }$. The scale of SUSY breaking is $m_{3/2}\lesssim 7\times 10^5$ GeV, which favours a Mini-Split scenario that could be possibly tested at LHC and/or FCC.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2023)·41 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.