Tue·Jan 31, 2023Tuesday·January 31, 2023

1. 01*

   Strong decays of $T_{cc}^{+}$ at NLO in an effective field theory

   Lin Dai🇩🇪 · Sean Fleming🇺🇸 · Reed Hodges🇺🇸 · Thomas Mehen🇺🇸

   The $T_{cc}^{+}$ exotic meson, discovered by the LHCb Collaboration in 2021, can be interpreted as a molecular state of $D^{(\ast )0}$ and $D^{(\ast )+}$ mesons. We compute next-to-leading-order (NLO) contributions to the strong decay of $T_{cc}^{+}$ in an effective field theory for $D$ mesons and pions, considering contributions from one-pion exchange and final-state rescattering. Corrections to the total width, as well as the differential distribution in the invariant mass of the final-state $D$ meson pair are computed. The results remain in good agreement with LHCb experimental results when the NLO contributions are added. The leading uncertainties in the calculation come from terms which depend on the scattering length and effective range in $D$ meson scattering.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·35 citations
2. 02*

   $J/\psi$ polarization in large-$P_T$ semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering at the EIC

   Umberto D'Alesio🇮🇹 · Luca Maxia🇮🇹 · Francesco Murgia🇮🇹 · Cristian Pisano🇮🇹 · Sangem Rajesh🇮🇳

   We present a detailed phenomenological study of $J/\psi$ polarization in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering processes, focusing on the kinematics accessible at the future Electron-Ion Collider. We show theoretical estimates for the standard polarization parameters for different frames usually adopted in the literature, in the large $P_T$ region, namely $P_T\gg {\Lambda }_{\text{QCD}}$, where collinear factorization is expected to hold. We adopt both the Color Singlet Model and the Nonrelativistic QCD approach, paying special attention to the role of different sets of Long Distance Matrix Elements. Finally we present a preliminary analysis of some frame independent polarization invariants.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·7 citations
3. 03*

   Real-time non-perturbative dynamics of jet production: quantum entanglement and vacuum modification

   Adrien Florio🇺🇸 · David Frenklakh🇺🇸 · Kazuki Ikeda🇺🇸 · Dmitri Kharzeev🇺🇸 · Vladimir Korepin🇺🇸 · Shuzhe Shi🇺🇸 · Kwangmin Yu🇺🇸

   The production of jets should allow testing the real-time response of the QCD vacuum disturbed by the propagation of high-momentum color charges. Addressing this problem theoretically requires a real-time, non-perturbative method. It is well known that the Schwinger model [QED in $(1+1)$ dimensions] shares many common properties with QCD, including confinement, chiral symmetry breaking, and the existence of vacuum fermion condensate. As a step in developing such an approach, we report here on fully quantum simulations of a massive Schwinger model coupled to external sources representing quark and antiquark jets as produced in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation. We study, for the first time, the modification of the vacuum chiral condensate by the propagating jets and the quantum entanglement between the fragmenting jets. Our results indicate strong entanglement between the fragmentation products of the two jets at rapidity separations $\Delta \eta \le 2$, which can potentially exist also in QCD and can be studied in experiments.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-th+1PRL(2023)·86 citations
4. 04*

   A forgotten fermion: the hypercharge -3/2 doublet, its phenomenology and connections to dark matter

   Rupert Coy🇧🇪

   A weak-doublet with hypercharge $-3/2$ is one of only a handful of fermions which has a renormalisable interaction with Standard Model fields. This should make it worthy of attention, but it has thus far received little consideration in the literature. In this paper, we perform a thorough investigation of the phenomenology which results from the introduction of this field, $F$. After expressing the model in terms of its effective field theory at dimension-6, we compute a range of electroweak and leptonic observables, the most stringent of which probe up to $M_F\sim 300$ TeV. The simplicity of this scenario makes it very predictive and allows us to correlate the different processes. We then study how this new fermion can connect the SM to various simple but distinct dark sectors. Some of the most minimal cases of $F$-mediated dark matter (DM) involve frozen-in keV-scale scalar DM, which may produce x-ray lines, and frozen-out TeV-scale fermionic DM.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·1 citation
5. 05*

   Revisiting two dark matter candidates in $S_3$-symmetric three-Higgs-doublet models

   A. Kunčinas🇵🇹 · O. M. Ogreid🇳🇴 · P. Osland🇳🇴 · M. N. Rebelo🇵🇹

   Models with an extended scalar electroweak sector are well motivated. Such models could accommodate a dark matter candidate if there is an additional scalar representation with a vanishing vacuum expectation value and, in addition, there are no couplings between fermions and the dark matter candidate. The most natural way to have these conditions implemented is to consider models where an underlying symmetry is imposed. Governed by this, we consider a three-Higgs-doublet model with an $S_3$ symmetry. Within this framework there are different implementations which could possibly accommodate a dark matter candidate. The family of $S_3$-symmetric three-Higgs-doublet implementations arises due to different vacua and, as a result, different minimisation conditions. In this framework the dark matter candidate falls into the class of weakly interacting massive particles. The dark matter candidate is associated with an ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry which survives spontaneous symmetry breaking and is a remnant of the $S_3$ symmetry. We explore two cases, they share many aspects of the Type-I two-Higgs-doublet model plus an inert SU(2) doublet. The main difference between these two cases is the presence of an irremovable phase, which leads to CP violation in one of the implementations. The two candidate cases differ from other previously studied models with three scalar doublets by the fact that they do not allow for heavy dark matter candidates, $\mathcal{O}(500)\text{ GeV}$. Valid dark matter regions were identified as $m_{\mathrm{DM}}\in [52.5,89]\text{GeV}$ for a model without CP violation and $m_{\mathrm{DM}}\in [6.5,44.5]\text{GeV}$ for a model with CP violation. In the present work we refine the parameter space by applying additional checks to our previous work coming from LHC data and from indirect detection data.

   hep-phPoS(2024)·4 citations
6. 06*

   Early kinetic decoupling effect on the forbidden dark matter annihilations into standard model particles

   Yu Liu🇨🇳 · Xuewen Liu🇨🇳 · Bin Zhu🇨🇳

   The early kinetic decoupling (eKD) effect is an inevitable ingredient in calculating the relic density of dark matter (DM) for various well-motivated scenarios. It appears naturally in forbidden dark matter annihilation, the main focus of this work, which contains fermionic DM and a light singlet scalar that connects the DM and standard model (SM) leptons. The strong suppression of the scattering between DM and SM particles happens quite early in the DM depletion history, where the DM temperature drops away from the thermal equilibrium, $T_{\chi }<T_{\mathrm{SM}}$, leading to the decreased kinetic energy of DM. The forbidden annihilation thus becomes inefficient since small kinetic energy cannot help exceed the annihilation threshold, naturally leading to a larger abundance. To show the eKD discrepancy, we numerically solve the coupled Boltzmann equations that govern the evolution of DM number density and temperature. It is found that eKD significantly affects the DM abundance, resulting in almost an order of magnitude higher than that by the traditional calculation. We also discuss the constraints from experimental searches on the model parameters, where the viable parameter space shrinks when considering the eKD effect.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·11 citations
7. 07*

   Hadronic structure on the light-front VI. Generalized parton distributions of unpolarized hadrons

   Edward Shuryak🇺🇸 · Ismail Zahed🇺🇸

   We discuss the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for unpolarized hadrons, as a continuation of our recent work on hadronic structure on the light front. We analyze the unpolarized GPDs for the light nucleon and delta, as well as generic mesons, using the lowest Fock states. We use these GPDs to reconstruct the charge and gravitational form factors, and discuss their relative sizes. The results are also compared to reported QCD lattice results.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·8 citations
8. 08*

   Effect of interactions on the topological expression for the chiral separation effect

   M.A. Zubkov🇮🇱 · R.A. Abramchuk🇮🇱

   In the absence of interactions the conductivity of chiral separation effect (CSE) in the system of massless fermions is given by topological expression. Interactions might change the pattern drastically. However, we prove that the CSE conductivity is still given by the topological invariant composed of the Green functions at zero temperature as long as the chiral symmetry is present, and if the renormalized axial current is considered. This allows to predict its appearance with the standard value of conductivity per Dirac fermion ${\sigma }_{CSE}=\frac{1}{2{\pi }^2}$ in quark - gluon matter at $T=0$ and sufficiently large baryon chemical potential, in the hypothetical phase with restored chiral symmetry and without color superconductivity. This phase may be realized inside the neutron stars. We also argue that the same topological expression for the CSE may be observed in Weyl semimetals, which realize the system of interacting relativistic fermions in solid state systems. In order to estimate the non - perturbative corrections to ${\sigma }_{CSE}$ within QCD at finite temperatures we apply method of field correlators developed by Yu.A.Simonov. As expected, above the deconfinement crossover the topological expression is approached within the quark - gluon plasma phase, when the quark chemical potential is sufficiently large. However, we observe that this occurs only when quark chemical potential is much larger than the thermal (Debye) mass. This range of parameters appears to be far out of the region accessible at the modern colliders.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·24 citations
9. 09*

   Model-dependent analysis method for energy budget of the cosmological first-order phase transition

   Xiao Wang🇨🇳 · Chi Tian🇨🇳 · Fa Peng Huang🇨🇳

   The kinetic energy of the fluid shell in the cosmological first-order phase transition is crucial for predicting the gravitational wave signals generated by the sound wave mechanism. We propose a model-dependent method to calculate the kinetic energy fraction by dividing the bubble-fluid system into three distinct regions: the symmetric phase, the broken phase, and the bubble wall. By solving the local equation of motion of the scalar field with a phenomenological friction term, the bubble wall velocity and the boundary conditions of the fluid equations of both phases can be derived simultaneously. Then, for a given particle physics model, the fluid profiles of different hydrodynamical modes and the corresponding kinetic energy fraction can be obtained. Our method can also capture the temperature dependency of the sound speed of the plasma. Compared with the conventional model-independent method, our approach is based on an accurate equation of state derived directly from the effective potential and takes into account the contribution of the bubble wall to the energy-momentum tensor. Therefore, our method in-principle provides a more consistent and accurate result, which is crucial for high-precision calculations of the gravitational waves induced by the first-order phase transition.

   hep-phJCAP(2023)·22 citations
10. 10*

    Charmonium mass shifts in an unquenched quark model

    Xiaoyun Chen🇨🇳 · Yue Tan🇨🇳 · Youchang Yang🇨🇳

    In this paper, we performed a coupled-channel calculation and evaluated the mass shifts for all $1S$, $2S$, $1P$, $2P$ and $1D$ charmonium valence states below 4 GeV, by incorporating the four-quark components ($D$, $D^{\ast }$, $D_s$ and $D_s^{\ast }$ meson pairs) into the quark model. The valence-continuum coupling is provided by the ${}^3{P}_0$ quark-pair creation model. The induced mass shifts appear to be large and negative with the original transition operator in ${}^3{P}_0$ model, which raised up challenges for the valence quark model. More QCD-motivated models should be employed for the quark-pair creation Hamiltonian. So herein, we recalculated the mass shifts with the improved ${}^3{P}_0$ transition operator introduced in our previous work and the mass shifts are reduced by $75\%$ averagely. Besides, as a exercise, we adjust the confinement parameter $\Delta$ and recalculate the spectrum of the charmonium states. The masses of some charmonium states are reproduced well.

    hep-phEur.Phys.J.Plus(2023)·5 citations
11. 11*

    Shedding New Light on $\mathcal{R}(D_{(s)}^{(\ast )})$ and $|V_{cb}|$ from Semileptonic ${\bar{B}}_{(s)}\to D_{(s)}^{(\ast )}\ell {\bar{\nu }}_{\ell }$ Decays

    Bo-Yan Cui🇨🇳 · Yong-Kang Huang🇨🇳 · Yu-Ming Wang🇨🇳 · Xue-Chen Zhao🇨🇳

    We compute for the first time the next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to the ${\bar{B}}_{(s)}\to D_{(s)}^{(\ast )}$ form factors at large hadronic recoil. Both the charm-quark-mass and the strange-quark-mass dependent pieces can generate the leading-power contributions to these form factors. Including further various power-suppressed contributions, we perform the combined fits of the considered form factors to both our large-recoil theory predictions and the lattice QCD results, thus improving upon the previous determinations of the lepton-flavour-universality ratios $\mathcal{R}(D^{(\ast )})$ significantly.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2023)·56 citations
12. 12*

    Persistent nonequilibrium effects in generalized Langevin dynamics of nonrelativistic and relativistic particles

    Weiguo Chen🇨🇳 · Carsten Greiner🇩🇪 · Zhe Xu🇨🇳

    Persistent nonequilibrium effects such as the memory of the initial state, the ballistic diffusion, and the break of the equipartition theorem and the ergodicity in Brownian motions are investigated by analytically solving the generalized Langevin equation of nonrelativistic Brownian particles with colored noise. These effects can also be observed in the Brownian motion of relativistic particles by numerically solving the generalized Langevin equation for specially chosen memory kernels. Our analyses give rise to think about the possible anomalous motion of heavy quarks in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    hep-phhep-thPRE(2023)·6 citations
13. 13*

    Revealing a deep connection between factorization and saturation: New insight into modeling high-energy proton-proton and nucleus-nucleus scattering in the EPOS4 framework

    Klaus Werner🇫🇷

    It is known that multiple partonic scatterings in high-energy proton-proton ($pp$) collisions must happen in parallel. However, a rigorous parallel scattering formalism, taking energy sharing properly into account, fails to reproduce factorization, which on the other hand is the basis of almost all $pp$ event generators. In addition, binary scaling in nuclear scatterings is badly violated. These problems are usually ``solved'' by simply not considering strictly parallel scatterings, which is not a solution. I will report on new ideas (leading to EPOS4), which allow recovering perfectly factorization, and also binary scaling in $AA$ collisions, in a rigorous unbiased parallel scattering formalism. In this new approach, dynamical saturation scales play a crucial role, and this seems to be the missing piece needed to reconcile parallel scattering with factorization. From a practical point of view, one can compute within the EPOS4 framework parton distribution functions (EPOS PDFs) and use them to compute inclusive $pp$ cross sections. So, for the first time, one may compute inclusive jet production (for heavy or light flavors) at very high transverse momentum ($p_t$) and at the same time in the same formalism study flow effects at low $p_t$ in high-multiplicity $pp$ events, making EPOS4 a full-scale ``general purpose event generator''. I discuss applications, essentially multiplicity dependencies (of particle ratios, mean $p_t$, charm production) which are very strongly affected by the saturation issues discussed in this paper.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRC(2023)·106 citations
14. 14*

    Lepton portal dark matter at muon colliders: Total rates and generic features for phenomenologically viable scenarios

    Adil Jueid🇰🇷 · Salah Nasri🇦🇪

    Lepton portal dark matter (DM) models are a class of models where the DM candidates solely couple to charged leptons through a mediator carrying a lepton number. These models are very interesting since they avoid constraints from direct detection experiments even for coupling of order $\mathcal{O}(1)$, they have small annihilation cross sections, and can be probed efficiently at lepton colliders. In this work, we consider a minimal lepton portal DM model which consists of extending the SM with two $SU(2{)}_L$ singlets: a charged scalar singlet and an electrically neutral right-handed fermion. We systematically study the production mechanisms of DM at multi-TeV muon colliders. After considering all the possible theoretical and experimental constraints and studying the phenomenology of lepton flavour violation and DM in the muon-philic scenario, we analyse the production rates of 54 channels (26 channels for prompt DM production and 28 channels for charged scalar production) at multi-TeV muon colliders. Finally, we discuss the possible collider signatures of some channels and the corresponding backgrounds. We find that at least 9 channels for DM production can be very efficient in testing DM with masses up to about $1$ TeV.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·27 citations
15. 15*

    Dark matter and dark radiation from the early universe with a modulus coupled to the PQMSSM

    Howard Baer🇺🇸 · Vernon Barger🇺🇸 · Robert Wiley Deal🇺🇸

    The supersymmetrized DFSZ axion model is especially compelling in that it contains 1. the SUSY solution to the gauge hierarchy problem, 2. the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem and 3. the Kim-Nilles solution to the SUSY mu problem. In a string setting, where a discrete R-symmetry ({\bf Z}_{24}^R for example) may emerge from the compactification process, a high-quality accidental axion (accion) can emerge from the accidental, approximate remnant global U(1)_{PQ} symmetry where the decay constant f_a is linked to the SUSY breaking scale, and is within the cosmological sweet zone. In this setup, one also expects the presence of stringy remnant moduli fields \phi_i. Here, we consider the situation of a single light modulus \phi coupled to the PQMSSM in the early universe, with mixed axion plus higgsino-like WIMP dark matter. We evaluate dark matter and dark radiation production via nine coupled Boltzmann equations and assess the severity of the cosmological moduli problem (CMP) along with dark matter and dark radiation production rates. We find that typically the light modulus mass should be m_{\phi}>~ 10^4 TeV to avoid the moduli-induced dark matter overproduction problem. If one is able to (anthropically) tune the modulus field amplitude, we find a value of \phi_0 <~ 10^{-7}m_P would be required to solve the overall CMP.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJHEP(2023)·14 citations
16. 16*

    Implications of MicroBooNE's low sensitivity to electron antineutrino interactions in the search for the MiniBooNE excess

    Nicholas W. Kamp🇺🇸 · Matheus Hostert🇬🇧 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Janet M. Conrad🇺🇸 · Michael H. Shaevitz🇺🇸

    The MicroBooNE experiment searched for an excess of electron-neutrinos in the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB), providing direct constraints on ${\nu }_e$-interpretations of the MiniBooNE low-energy excess (LEE). In this article, we show that if the MiniBooNE LEE is caused instead by an excess of ${\overline{\nu }}_e$, then liquid argon detectors, such as MicroBooNE, SBND and ICARUS, would have poor sensitivity to it. This is due to a strong suppression of ${\overline{\nu }}_e-{}^{40}$Ar cross sections in the low-energy region of the excess. The MicroBooNE results are consistent at the $2\sigma$~C.L with a scenario in which the MiniBooNE excess is sourced entirely by ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ interactions. The opportune location of ANNIE, a Gd-loaded water Cherenkov detector, allows for a direct search for a ${\overline{\nu }}_e$ flux excess in the BNB using inverse-beta-decay events.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Phase transition patterns for coupled complex scalar fields at finite temperature and density

    Manuella C. Silva🇧🇷 · Rudnei O. Ramos🇧🇷 · Ricardo L. S. Farias🇧🇷

    The phase transition patterns displayed by a model of two coupled complex scalar fields are studied at finite temperature and chemical potential. Possible phenomena like symmetry persistence and inverse symmetry breaking at high temperatures are analyzed. The effect of finite density is also considered and studied in combination with the thermal effects. The nonperturbative optimized perturbation theory method is considered and the results contrasted with perturbation theory. Applications of the results obtained are considered in the context of an effective model for condensation of kaons at high densities, which is of importance in the understanding of the color-flavor locked phase of quantum chromodynamics.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·4 citations
18. 18*

    Top and bottom quark forward-backward asymmetries at next-to-next-to-leading order QCD in (un)polarized electron positron collisions

    Werner Bernreuther🇩🇪 · Long Chen🇨🇳 · Peng-Cheng Lu🇨🇳 · Zong-Guo Si🇨🇳

    We consider, at order ${\alpha }_s^2$ in the QCD coupling, top-quark pair production in the continuum at various center-of-mass energies and $b$-quark pair production at the $Z$ resonance by (un)polarized electron and positron beams. For top quarks we compute the forward-backward asymmetry with respect to the top-quark direction of flight, the associated polar angle distribution, and we analyze the effect of beam polarization on the QCD corrections to the leading-order asymmetry. We calculate also the polarized forward-backward asymmetry. For $b$-quark production at the $Z$ peak we explore different definitions of $A_{\mathrm{FB}}$. In particular, we analyze $b$ jets defined by the Durham and the flavor-$k_T$ clustering algorithms. We compute the inclusive $b$-jet and two-jet asymmetry with respect to the $b$-jet direction. For the latter asymmetry the QCD corrections to order ${\alpha }_s^2$ are small. That predestines it to act as a precision observable.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·7 citations
19. 19*

    The light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from the axial-vector mesons exchanges within the nonlocal quark model

    A.E. Radzhabov🇷🇺 · A.S. Zhevlakov🇷🇺 · A.P. Martynenko🇷🇺 · F.A. Martynenko🇷🇺

    The contribution of axial-vector mesons to the muon's anomalous magnetic moment through a light-by-light process is considered within a nonlocal quark model. The model is based on a four-quark interaction with scalar--pseudoscalar and vector--axial-vector sectors. While the transverse component of the axial-vector corresponds to a spin-1 particle, the unphysical longitudinal component is mixed with a pseudoscalar meson. The model parameters are re-fitted to the pion properties in the presence of pi-a_1 mixing. The obtained estimation for the light-by-light contribution of a_1+f_1 mesons is (3.6+-1.8)*10^{-11}.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·10 citations
20. 20*

    Jet fragmentation via azimuthal angular correlations of heavy-flavours in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 TeV

    Ravindra Singh🇮🇳 · Swapnesh Khade🇮🇳 · Ankhi Roy🇮🇳

    Measurements in heavy-flavour azimuthal angular correlation provide insight into the production, propagation, and hadronization of heavy-flavour jets in ultra-relativistic hadronic and heavy-ion collisions. These measurements across different particle species help to isolate the possible modification in particle production and fragmentation due to different mass and quark contents. Jet correlation studies give direct access to the initial parton dynamics produced in these collisions. \\ This article studies the azimuthal angular correlations of heavy-flavour hadrons (charm and beauty mesons and charm baryons) in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 TeV using PYTHIA8. We study the production of heavy-flavour jets with different parton-level processes, including multi-parton interactions and different color reconnection prescriptions. The heavy-flavour hadrons correlations are calculated in the different triggers and associated \pt intervals to characterize the impact of hard and soft scattering. The yields and the widths associated with the near-side (NS) and away-side (AS) correlation peaks are calculated and studied as a function of associated \pt for different trigger \pt ranges.

    hep-phPRC(2023)·4 citations
21. 21*

    Theoretical Aspect of Nonunitarity in Neutrino Oscillation

    Chee Sheng Fong🇧🇷

    Nonunitarity can arise in neutrino oscillation when the matrix with elements ${\mathbf{U}}_{\alpha i}$ which relate the neutrino flavor $\alpha$ and mass $i$ eigenstates is not unitary when sum over the kinematically accessible mass eigenstates or over the three Standard Model flavors. We review how high scale nonunitarity arises after integrating out new physics which is not accessible in neutrino oscillation experiments. In particular, we stress that high scale unitarity violation is only apparent and what happens is that the neutrino flavor states become nonorthogonal due to new physics. Since the flavor space is complete, unitarity has to be preserved in time evolution and that the probabilities of a flavor state oscillates to all possible flavor states always sum up to unity. We highlight the need to modify the expression of probability to preserve unitarity when the flavor states are nonorthogonal. We will continue to call this high scale unitarity violation in reference to a nonunitary $\mathbf{U}$. We contrast this to the low scale nonunitarity scenario in which there are new states accessible in neutrino oscillation experiments but the oscillations involving these states are fast enough such that they are averaged out. We further derive analytical formula for the neutrino oscillation amplitude involving $N$ neutrino flavors without assuming a unitarity $\mathbf{U}$ which allows us to prove a theorem that if ${\left(\mathbf{U}{\mathbf{U}}^{†}\right)}_{\alpha \beta }=0$ for all $\alpha \ne \beta$, then the neutrino oscillation probability in an arbitrary matter potential is indistinguishable from the unitarity scenario. Independently of matter potential, while nonunitarity effects for high scale nonunitarity scenario disappear as ${\left(\mathbf{U}{\mathbf{U}}^{†}\right)}_{\alpha \beta }\to 0$ for all $\alpha \ne \beta$, low scale nonunitarity effects can remain.

    hep-phhep-ex5 citations
22. 22*

    Transverse structure of the pion beyond leading twist with basis light-front quantization

    Zhimin Zhu · Zhi Hu · Jiangshan Lan · Chandan Mondal · Xingbo Zhao · James P. Vary · BLFQ Collaboration

    We investigate the twist-$3$ transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) of the pion with basis light-front quantization. The twist-3 TMDs are not independent and can be decomposed into twist-$2$ and genuine twist-$3$ terms from the equations of motion (EOM). We compute the TMDs from the resulting light-front wave functions obtained by diagonalizing the light-front QCD Hamiltonian, determined for pion's constituent quark-antiquark and quark-antiquark-gluon Fock sectors, with three-dimensional confinement. We also obtain the twist-3 parton distribution functions (PDFs) and show that they preserve the sum rule, which affirms the robustness of our approach. This is the first time that theoretical predictions are made for subleading twist structures of the pion containing interference terms between two light-front Fock sectors.

    hep-phnucl-thPLB(2023)·36 citations
23. 23*

    Introducing tools to test Higgs interactions via $WW$ scattering II: the coupled channel formalism and scalar resonances

    Iñigo Asiáin🇪🇸 · Domènec Espriu🇪🇸 · Federico Mescia🇪🇸

    In this work we explore in detail the presence of scalar resonances in $WW$ fusion process in the context of the LHC experiments working in the theoretical framework provided by Higgs Effective Field Theories (HEFT). While the phenomenology of vector resonances is reasonably understood in the framework of Weinberg sum-rules and unitarization studies, scalar resonances are a lot less constrained and, more importantly do depend on HEFT low-energy effective couplings different from the ones of vector resoances that are difficult to constrain experimentally. More specifically, unitarization techniques combined with the requirement of causality allows us to set non-trivial bounds on Higgs self-interactions. This is due to the need of considering coupled channels in the scalar case along the unitarization process. As a byproduct, we can gain some relevant information on the Higgs sector from $WW\to WW$ elastic processes without needing to consider two Higgs production.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·4 citations
24. 24*

    Jet fragmentation via azimuthal angular correlations of heavy flavor decay electrons in pp, p--Pb, and Pb--Pb collisions using PYTHIA8+Angantyr

    Ravindra Singh🇮🇳 · Yoshini Bailung🇮🇳 · Sumit Kumar Kundu🇮🇳 · Ankhi Roy🇮🇳

    Measurements in heavy flavor azimuthal angular correlation provide insight into the production, propagation, and hadronization of heavy flavor jets in ultra-relativistic hadronic and heavy-ion collisions. These measurements across different colliding systems, like p--A and A--A, help us isolate the possible modification in particle production due to cold nuclear matter (CNM) effects and the formation of Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), respectively. Jet correlation studies give direct access to the initial parton dynamics produced in these collisions. This article studies the azimuthal angular correlations of electrons from heavy flavor hadron decays in pp, p--Pb, and Pb--Pb collisions at \sqrt{s_\rm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV using PYTHIA8+Angantyr. We study the production of heavy flavor jets with different parton level processes, including multi-parton interactions, different color reconnection prescriptions, and initial and final state radiation processes. In addition, we add the hadron-level processes, i.e., Bose-Einstein and rescattering effects, to quantify the effect due to these processes. The heavy flavor electron correlations are calculated in the different trigger and associated p_\rm{T} intervals to characterize the impact of hard and soft scattering in the various colliding systems. The yields and the sigmas associated with the near-side (NS) and away-side (AS) correlation peaks are calculated and studied as a function of associated p_\rm{T}^{assoc} for different trigger p_\rm{T}^{e} ranges.

    hep-phPRC(2023)·4 citations
25. 25*

    Dynamic Radius Jet Clustering Algorithm

    Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya🇮🇳 · Tousik Samui🇮🇳 · Ritesh K. Singh🇮🇳

    The study of standard QCD jets produced along with fat jets, which may appear as a result of the decay of a heavy particle, has become an essential part of collider studies. Current jet clustering algorithms, which use a fixed radius parameter for the formation of jets from the hadrons of an event, may be inadequate to capture the differing radius features. In this work, we develop an alternative jet clustering algorithm that allows the radius to vary dynamically based on local kinematics and distribution in the $\eta$-$\varphi$ plane inside each evolving jet. We present the usefulness of this dynamic radius clustering algorithm through two Standard Model processes, and thereafter illustrate it for a scenario beyond the Standard Model at the 13 TeV LHC.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·14 citations
26. 26*

    Exploring Current Constraints on Antineutrino Production by ${}^{241}$Pu and Paths Towards the Precision Reactor Flux Era

    Yoshi Fujikake🇺🇸 · Bryce Littlejohn🇺🇸 · Ohana B. Rodrigues🇺🇸 · Pranava Teja Surukuchi🇺🇸

    By performing global fits to inverse beta decay (IBD) yield measurements from existing neutrino experiments based at highly ${}^{235}$U enriched reactor cores and conventional low-enriched cores, we explore current direct bounds on neutrino production by the sub-dominant fission isotope ${}^{241}$Pu. For this nuclide, we determine an IBD yield of ${\sigma }_{241}$ = 8.16 $\pm$ 3.47 cm${}^2$/fission, a value (135 $\pm$ 58)% that of current beta conversion models. This constraint is shown to derive from the non-linear relationship between burn-in of ${}^{241}$Pu and ${}^{239}$Pu in conventional reactor fuel. By considering new hypothetical neutrino measurements at high-enriched, low-enriched, mixed-oxide, and fast reactor facilities, we investigate the feasible limits of future knowledge of IBD yields for ${}^{235}$U, ${}^{238}$U, ${}^{239}$Pu, ${}^{241}$Pu, and ${}^{240}$Pu. We find that the first direct measurement of the ${}^{240}$Pu IBD yield can be performed at plutonium-burning fast reactors, while a suite of correlated measurements at multiple reactor types can achieve precision in direct ${}^{238}$U, ${}^{239}$Pu, and ${}^{241}$Pu yield knowledge that meets or exceeds that of current theoretical predictions.

    hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2023)·3 citations
27. 27*

    A new evaluation of the $HZZ$ coupling: direct bounds on anomalous contributions and $CP$ violating effects via a new asymmetry

    A.I. Hernández-Juárez🇲🇽 · G. Tavares-Velasco🇲🇽 · A. Fernández-Téllez🇲🇽

    The standard model (SM) one-loop contributions to the most general $H^{\ast }{Z}^{\ast }{Z}^{\ast }$ coupling are obtained via the background field method in terms of Passarino-Veltman scalar functions, from which the contributions to the $H^{\ast }ZZ$ and $HZ{Z}^{\ast }$ couplings are obtained in terms of two $CP$-conserving $h_{1,2}^V$ and one $CP$-violating $h_3^V$ form factors ($V=H,Z$). The current CMS constraints on the $HZZ$ coupling ratios are then used to obtain bounds on the real and absorptive parts of the anomalous $HZZ$ couplings. The former are up to two orders of magnitude tighter than previous ones, whereas the latter are the first one of this kind. The effects of the absorptive parts of the $HZZ$ anomalous couplings, which have been overlooked in the past, are analyzed via the partial decay width ${\Gamma }_{H^{\ast }\to ZZ}$, and a significant deviation from the SM tree-level contribution is observed at low energies, though it becomes negligible at high energies. We also explore the possibility that polarized $Z$ gauge bosons are used for the study of non-SM $HZZ$ contributions via a new left-right asymmetry ${\mathcal{A}}_{LR}$, which is sensitive to $CP$-violating complex form factors and can be as large as the unity at most, though in a more conservative scenario it is four to five orders of magnitude larger than the SM prediction arising up to the three-loop level. The partial decay widths ${\Gamma }_{H^{\ast }\to Z_L{Z}_L}$ and ${\Gamma }_{H^{\ast }\to Z_R{Z}_R}$ are also studied in several scenarios and it is observed that the deviations from the SM can be large at high energies and increases as the energy increases. Thus, the use of polarized $Z$ gauge bosons could give hints of $CP$ violation. The Mathematica code for our analytical results and the numerical evaluation is available in our GitLab site.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·16 citations
28. 28*

    Multiple pion pair production in a Regge-based model

    R.Schicker🇩🇪 · L.Jenkovszky🇺🇦

    Central diffractive event topologies at the LHC energies can be identified by two different approaches. First, the forward scattered protons can be measured in Roman pots. Second, a veto on hadronic activity away from midrapidity can be imposed to define a double-gap topology. Such a double-gap topology trigger has been implemented by the ALICE collaboration in Run 1 and Run 2 of the LHC. The analysis of these events allows to determine the charged-particle multiplicity within the acceptance. The excellent particle identification capabilities of ALICE allows to study two-track events both in the pion and kaon sector. Events with measured charged particle multiplicity larger than two can arise from multiple pair production. A Regge-based approach for modeling such multiple pair production is presented.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·0 citations
29. 29*

    Earth mover's distance as a measure of CP violation

    Adam Davis🇬🇧 · Tony Menzo🇺🇸 · Ahmed Youssef🇺🇸 · Jure Zupan🇺🇸

    We introduce a new unbinned two sample test statistic sensitive to CP violation utilizing the optimal transport plan associated with the Wasserstein (earth mover's) distance. The efficacy of the test statistic is shown via two examples of CP asymmetric distributions with varying sample sizes: the Dalitz distributions of $B^0\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$ and of $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}{\pi }^0$ decays. The windowed version of the Wasserstein distance test statistic is shown to have comparable sensitivity to CP violation as the commonly used energy test statistic, but also retains information about the localized distributions of CP asymmetry over the Dalitz plot. For large statistic datasets we introduce two modified Wasserstein distance based test statistics -- the binned and the sliced Wasserstein distance statistics, which show comparable sensitivity to CP violation, but improved computing time and memory scalings. Finally, general extensions and applications of the introduced statistics are discussed.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2023)·15 citations
30. 30*

    Difference between signal and background of the chiral magnetic effect relative to spectator and participant planes in isobar collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=200$ GeV

    Bang-Xiang Chen🇨🇳 · Xin-Li Zhao🇨🇳 · Guo-Liang Ma🇨🇳

    The search for the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions helps us understand the $\mathcal{C}\mathcal{P}$ symmetry breaking in strong interactions and the topological nature of the QCD vacuum. Since the background and signal of the CME have different correlations with the spectator and participant planes, a two-plane method has been proposed to extract the fraction of the CME signal inside the CME observable of $\Delta \gamma$ from the experimental measurements relative to the two planes. Using a multiphase transport model with different strengths of the CME, we reexamine the two-plane method in isobar collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=200$ GeV. The ratios of the CME signals and the elliptic flow backgrounds relative to the two different planes are found to be different, which is inconsistent with the assumptions made in the current experimental measurements. This difference arises from the decorrelation effect of the chiral magnetic effect relative to the spectator and participant planes caused by final state interactions. Our finding suggests that the current experimental measurements may overestimate the fraction of the CME signal in the CME observable in the final state of relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2024)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

    Evan Grohs🇺🇸 · George M. Fuller🇺🇸

    As the early universe expands and cools the rates of the weak interactions that keep neutrinos in thermal equilibrium with the matter and the related rates of the reactions that inter-convert neutrons and protons decrease. Eventually, these rates fall below the expansion rate -- they freeze out. Likewise, the rates of the strong and electromagnetic nuclear reactions that build up and tear down nuclei, though fast enough to maintain equilibrium early on, slow down and ultimately lead to freeze out. Together these freeze out processes comprise the epoch of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). The relics emerging from this early time include the light element abundances, for example of helium and deuterium, and a background of decoupled neutrinos, a "C$\nu$B" , roughly analogous to the Cosmic Microwave Background, the CMB. These fossil relics encode the history of the physics operating in the early universe. Consequently, BBN has emerged as a key tool for constraining new, beyond-standard-model (BSM) physics. BBN may become an even finer probe of BSM physics, given the anticipated higher precision in measurements of the primordial abundances of deuterium and helium afforded by the advent of large optical telescopes and Stage-4 CMB experiments. The latter experiments will also provide higher precision determinations of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$, a measure of the relativistic energy density at the photon decoupling epoch and, hence, an important probe of the C$\nu$B.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph23 citations
32. 32*

    2022 Update on ${\epsilon }_K$ with lattice QCD inputs

    Sunghee Kim🇰🇷 · Sunkyu Lee · Weonjong Lee · Jaehoon Leem🇰🇷 · Sungwoo Park🇺🇸

    We present recent updates for ${\epsilon }_K$ determined directly from the standard model (SM) with lattice QCD inputs such as ${\hat{B}}_K$, $|V_{cb}|$, $|V_{us}|$, ${\xi }_0$, ${\xi }_2$, ${\xi }_{\text{LD}}$, $f_K$, and $m_c$. We find that the standard model with exclusive $|V_{cb}|$ and other lattice QCD inputs describes only 65% of the experimental value of $|{\epsilon }_K|$ and does not explain its remaining 35%, which leads to a strong tension in $|{\epsilon }_K|$ at the $5.1\sigma \sim 3.9\sigma$ level between the SM theory and experiment. We also find that this tension disappears when we use the inclusive value of $|V_{cb}|$ obtained using the heavy quark expansion based on the QCD sum rule approach, although this inclusive tension is small ($\approx 1.4\sigma$) but keeps increasing as time goes on.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2023)·7 citations
33. 33*

    Cosmic Background Neutrinos Deflected by Gravity: DEMNUni Simulation Analysis

    Beatriz Hernández-Molinero🇪🇸 · Carmelita Carbone🇮🇹 · Raul Jimenez🇪🇸 · Carlos Peña Garay🇪🇸

    The local supercluster acts as a gravity deflection source for cosmic background neutrinos. This deflection by gravity changes the neutrino helicity and therefore has important consequences for ground based tritium capture experiments aimed at determining if the neutrino is Dirac or Majorana. Here we explore the deflection effect of the local supercluster using the higher resolution DEMNUni simulation suite and reaffirm our previous results. We show that the lightest neutrinos are ultra-relativistic enough to suffer little deflection by gravity and at the same time not relativistic enough to achieve the same capture rate for Dirac and Majorana cases. This means that the capture rate in Ptolemy-like experiments will be sensitive to the neutrino nature and that gravity deflection enlarges the difference between Majorana and Dirac rates. Moreover, using the relation between mass and momentum of the neutrinos frozen Fermi-Dirac distribution, we are able to calculate the deflection angle for different neutrino masses from the same set of neutrinos obtained from the simulation. Doing so, we provide a formula to compute the deflection angle for any neutrino mass, such that when cosmology detects an absolute neutrino mass, precise predictions can be made for tritium ground-based detectors on Earth aimed to determine neutrinos nature.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phJCAP(2024)·22 citations
34. 34*

    A Four-Parameter Black-Hole Solution in the Bumblebee Gravity Model

    Rui Xu🇨🇳

    The bumblebee gravity model includes a class of vector-tensor theories of gravitation where the vector field couples to the Ricci tensor quadratically. We obtain an analytical spherical black-hole solution in this model. The solution has four parameters, expanding the two-parameter solution family known in the literature. Special choices of the parameters are pointed out and discussed.

    ↳ gr-qchep-ph2 citations
35. 35*

    Measuring Lorentz Violation in Weak Gravity Fields

    Zonghao Li🇺🇸

    Many new linearized coefficients for Lorentz violation are discovered in our recent work on the construction of a generic Lorentz-violating effective field theory in curved spacetime. The new coefficients can be constrained by experiments in weak gravity fields. In this work, we compare experiments in different gravitational potentials and study three types of gravity-related experiments: free-fall, gravitational interferometer, and gravitational bound-state experiments. First constraints on the new coefficients for Lorentz violation are extracted from those experiments.

    ↳ gr-qchep-ph2 citations
36. 36*

    On Redshift Evolution & Negative Dark Energy Density in Pantheon+ Supernovae

    Mohammad Malekjani🇮🇷 · Ruairí Mc Conville🇮🇪 · Eoin Ó Colgáin🇮🇪 · Saeed Pourojaghi🇮🇷 · M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari🇮🇷

    Within the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) framework, the Hubble constant $H_0$ is an integration constant. Thus, consistency of the model demands observational constancy of $H_0$. We demonstrate redshift evolution of best fit $\Lambda$CDM parameters $(H_0,{\Omega }_m)$ in Pantheon+ supernove (SNe). Redshift evolution of best fit cosmological parameters is a prerequisite to finding a statistically significant evolution as well as identifying alternative models that are competitive with $\Lambda$CDM in a Bayesian model comparison. To assess statistical significance, we employ three different methods: i) Bayesian model comparison, ii) mock simulations and iii) profile distributions. The first shows a marginal preference for the vanilla $\Lambda$CDM model over an ad hoc model with 3 additional parameters and an unphysical jump in cosmological parameters at $z=1$. From mock simulations, we estimate the statistical significance of redshift evolution of best fit parameters and negative dark energy density (${\Omega }_m>1$) to be in the $1-2\sigma$ range, depending on the criteria employed. Importantly, in direct comparison to the same analysis with the earlier Pantheon sample we find that statistical significance of redshift evolution of best fit parameters has increased, as expected for a physical effect. Our profile distribution analysis demonstrates a shift in $(H_0,{\Omega }_m)$ in excess of $95\%$ confidence level for SNe with redshifts $z>1$ and also shows that a degeneracy in MCMC posteriors is not equivalent to a curve of constant ${\chi }^2$. Our findings can be interpreted as a statistical fluctuation or unexplored systematics in Pantheon+ or $\Lambda$CDM model breakdown. The first two possibilities are disfavoured by similar trends in independent probes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thEPJC(2024)·121 citations
37. 37*

    Approach to the arbitrariness problem of boundary conditions in $S^1/Z_2$ brane-world models

    Kota Takeuchi🇯🇵 · Tomohiro Inagaki🇯🇵

    We study the arbitrariness of boundary conditions (BCs) on $S^1/Z_2$ brane-world models with the gauge group $U(N)$. The BCs are chosen independently on the branes and the bulk in this model. There are numerous choices for BCs in general, but some of the BCs are connected through gauge transformations. We show that the equivalent relations are obtained on the UV-brane without relying on specific transformation parameters. There is no other equivalent relation on the UV-brane. On the other hand, we find that a gauge transformation with a kink connects all the BCs on the bulk and IR-brane. It means that the arbitrariness of BCs is completely solved on the bulk and the IR-brane except for the UV-brane.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph0 citations
38. 38*

    New Developments in the Hamiltonian Formulation of the Gravitational Standard-Model Extension

    M. Schreck🇧🇷

    This chapter of the proceedings for the Ninth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry is dedicated to the Hamiltonian formulation of the minimal gravitational Standard-Model Extension. Some theoretical questions associated with the latter shall be reviewed. First, we recall the properties of the Hamiltonian, which was computed elsewhere, and discuss how it is linked to the modified Einstein equations. Second, we describe how the covariant and Hamiltonian formulations are shown to be consistent with each other.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th0 citations
39. 39*

    Renormalization of nuclear chiral effective field theory with non-perturbative leading order interactions

    A. M. Gasparyan🇩🇪 · E. Epelbaum🇩🇪

    We extend the renormalizability study of the formulation of chiral effective field theory with a finite cutoff, applied to nucleon-nucleon scattering, by taking into account non-perturbative effects. We consider the nucleon-nucleon interaction up to next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. The leading-order interaction is treated non-perturbatively. In contrast to the previously considered case when the leading-order interaction was assumed to be perturbative, new features related to the renormalization of the effective field theory are revealed. In particular, more severe constraints on the leading-order potential are formulated, which can enforce the renormalizability and the correct power counting for the next-to-leading order amplitude. To illustrate our theoretical findings, several partial waves in the nucleon-nucleon scattering, ${}^3{P}_0$, ${}^3{S}_1-{}^3{D}_1$ and ${}^1{S}_0$ are analyzed numerically. The cutoff dependence and the convergence of the chiral expansion for those channels are discussed.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2023)·15 citations
40. 40*

    Lensing constraints on ultradense dark matter halos

    M. S. Delos🇩🇪 · G. Franciolini🇮🇹

    Cosmological observations precisely measure primordial variations in the density of the Universe at megaparsec and larger scales, but much smaller scales remain poorly constrained. However, sufficiently large initial perturbations at small scales can lead to an abundance of ultradense dark matter minihalos that form during the radiation epoch and survive into the late-time Universe. Because of their early formation, these objects can be compact enough to produce detectable microlensing signatures. We investigate whether the EROS, OGLE, and HSC surveys can probe these halos by fully accounting for finite source size and extended lens effects. We find that current data may already constrain the amplitudes of primordial curvature perturbations in a new region of parameter space, but this conclusion is strongly sensitive to yet undetermined details about the internal structures of these ultradense halos. Under optimistic assumptions, current and future HSC data would constrain a power spectrum that features an enhancement at scales $k\sim 10^7/\mathrm{Mpc}$, and an amplitude as low as ${\mathcal{P}}_{\zeta }\simeq 10^{-4}$ may be accessible. This is a particularly interesting regime because it connects to primordial black hole formation in a portion of the LIGO/Virgo/Kagra mass range and the production of scalar-induced gravitational waves in the nanohertz frequency range reachable by pulsar timing arrays. These prospects motivate further study of the ultradense halo formation scenario to clarify their internal structures.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·33 citations
41. 41*

    Massive Gravity and Lorentz Symmetry

    Robertus Potting🇵🇹

    We consider Lorentz-symmetry properties of the ghost-free massive gravity theory proposed by de Rham, Gabadadze, and Tolley. In particular, we present potentially observable effects in gravitational-wave propagation and in Newton's law, including Lorentz-violating signals.

    ↳ gr-qchep-ph1 citation
42. 42*

    Evolution of binary systems accompanying axion clouds in extreme mass ratio inspirals

    Takuya Takahashi🇯🇵 · Hidetoshi Omiya🇯🇵 · Takahiro Tanaka🇯🇵

    Superradiant instability of rotating black holes (BHs) leads to the formation of a cloud of ultralight bosons, such as axions. When the BH with the cloud belongs to a binary system and is in an inspiraling orbit, the resonant transition between the axion's bound states can occur. We study the history of the evolution of the binary system accompanying the cloud composed of the fastest growing mode, and its impact on the observational signatures, especially for small mass ratio cases. In this case, the hyperfine resonance, which has a very small resonance frequency, is relevant. Therefore, due to the long timescale, we should take into account the decaying process of axions in the transition destination mode, the backreaction to the orbital motion and the central BH, and gravitational emission from the cloud. We present a formulation to examine the evolution of the system around the resonance and useful expressions for the analysis. As a result, we found the mass of the cloud that can remain after the resonance is, at most, about $10^{-5}$ of the central BH. The maximum remaining cloud mass is achieved when the mass ratio of the binary is $q\sim 10^{-3}$. In addition, we show that the resonant transition hardly changes the BH mass and spin distribution, while the associated modification of the gravitational wave frequency evolution when the binary pass through the resonance can be a signature of the presence of the cloud.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·49 citations
43. 43*

    Scalar dark matter vortex stabilization with black holes

    Noah Glennon🇺🇸 · Anthony E. Mirasola🇺🇸 · Nathan Musoke🇺🇸 · Mark C. Neyrinck🇪🇸 · Chanda Prescod-Weinstein🇺🇸

    Galaxies and their dark-matter halos are commonly presupposed to spin. But it is an open question how this spin manifests in halos and soliton cores made of scalar dark matter (SDM, including fuzzy/wave/ultralight-axion dark matter). One way spin could manifest in a necessarily irrotational SDM velocity field is with a vortex. But recent results have cast doubt on this scenario, finding that vortices are generally unstable except with substantial repulsive self-interaction. In this paper, we introduce an alternative route to stability: in both (non-relativistic) analytic calculations and simulations, a black hole or other central mass at least as massive as a soliton can stabilize a vortex within it. This conclusion may also apply to AU-scale halos bound to the sun and stellar-mass-scale Bose stars.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phJCAP(2023)·13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.