HEP Phenomenology·hep-ph

Thu·Dec 8, 2022Thursday·December 8, 2022

40 papers—30 primary·10 cross-listed·reconstructed*

01*
Thermodynamics of the Glueball Resonance Gas
Enrico Trotti🇵🇱 · Shahriyar Jafarzade🇵🇱 · Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱
We study the thermodynamic properties -- pressure, entropy and trace anomaly -- of a gas of glueballs that includes the glueball states obtained by various lattice simulations. We show that this model, called Glueball Resonance Gas (GRG) approach, describes well the thermal properties of the Yang-Mills sector of QCD below the critical temperature $T_{c}$ , provided that $T_{c}$ is properly matched to the corresponding determination of the glueball masses, obtaining $T_{c} \sim 320 \pm 20$ MeV. The inclusion into the GRG of heavier glueballs not yet seen on the lattice, assuming that glueballs follow Regge trajectories as quark-antiquark states do, leads only to a small correction. We consider the contribution to the pressure of the interactions between scalar-scalar and tensor-tensor glueballs, which turn out to be also negligible.
hep-phhep-lathep-thEPJC(2023)·15 citations
02*
Finite size effects in the phase transition patterns of coupled scalar field systems
Lucas G. Câmara🇧🇷 · Rudnei O. Ramos🇧🇷
It is considered in this work the phase transition patterns for a coupled two-scalar field system model under the combined effects of finite sizes and temperature. The scalar fields are taken as propagating in a D=4 Euclidean space with the usual periodic compactification in the Euclidean time direction (with dimension given by the inverse of the temperature) and also under a compact dimension in the space direction, which is restricted to size L. In the latter case, a Dirichlet boundary condition is considered. Finite-size variation of the critical temperature for the cases of symmetry restoration and inverse symmetry breaking are studied. At fixed finite-temperature values, the variation of the inverse correlation lengths with the size L might display a behavior analogous to reentrant phase transitions. Possible applications of our results to physical systems of interest are also discussed.
hep-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-thPRD(2023)·1 citation
03*
Field-assisted birefringent Compton scattering
N. Ahmadiniaz🇩🇪 · T. E. Cowan🇩🇪 · M. Ding🇩🇪 · M. A. Lopez Lopez🇩🇪 · R. Sauerbrey🇩🇪 · R. Shaisultanov🇩🇪 · R. Schützhold🇩🇪
Motivated by experimental initiatives such as the Helmholtz International Beamline for Extreme Fields (HIBEF), we study Compton scattering of x-rays at electrons in a strong external field (e.g., a strong optical laser) with special emphasis on the polarization-changing (i.e., birefringent) contribution on the amplitude level. Apart from being a potential background process for the planned vacuum birefringence experiments, this effect could be used for diagnostic purposes. Since the birefringent signal from free electrons (i.e., without the external field) vanishes in forward direction, the ratio of the birefringent and the normal (polarization conserving) contribution yields information about the field strength at the interaction point.
hep-phhep-thphysics.opticsNew J.Phys.(2026)·6 citations
04*
Dispersion of Ultra-Relativistic Tardyonic and Tachyonic Wave Packets on Cosmic Scales
José Nicasio🇺🇸 · Ulrich D. Jentschura🇺🇸
We investigate the time propagation of tachyonic (superluminal) and tardyonic (subluminal, ordinary) massive wave packets on cosmic scales. A normalizable wave packet cannot be monochromatic in momentum space and thus acquires a positional uncertainty (or packet width) that increases with travel distance. We investigate the question of how this positional uncertainty affects the uncertainty in the detection time for cosmic radiation on Earth. In the ultrarelativistic limit, we find a unified result, $δ x (t) / c^{3} = m^{2} δ pt / p_{0}^{3}$ , where $δ x (t)$ is the positional uncertainty, $m$ is the mass parameter, $δ p$ is the initial momentum spread of the wave function, and $p_{0}$ is the central momentum of the wave packet, which, in the ultrarelativistic limit, is equal to its energy. This result is valid for tachyons and tardyons; its interpretation is being discussed.
hep-phSymmetry(2022)·1 citation
05*
The Low theorem for diffractive bremsstrahlung and the soft photon puzzle
B. Z. Kopeliovich🇨🇱 · I. K. Potashnikova🇨🇱 · Ivan Schmidt🇨🇱
The anomalous excess of small-kT photons radiated along with multi-hadron production, is challenging the physics community over four decades, but no solution has been proposed so far. We argue that the problem is rooted in the comparison with an incorrect model, usually called bremsstrahlung model. It is believed to be an extension of the Low theorem from the 2 -> 2+gamma process to radiative multi-particle production 2 -> n+gamma, where either initial, or final charged hadrons participate in radiation. We demonstrate that this breaks down unitarity of the S-matrix, so contradicts the optical theorem.
hep-phhep-exActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·0 citations
06*
Modeling photon radiation in soft hadronic collisions
B. Z. Kopeliovich🇨🇱 · M. Krelina🇨🇿 · I. K. Potashnikova🇨🇱 · K. Reygers🇩🇪
Soft hadronic collisions with multiple production of (anti)quarks accompanied with soft photon radiation are described in terms of higher Fock states of the colliding hadrons, which contain a photon component as well. The Fock state distribution functions are shaped with the Quark-Gluon String Model. Photon radiation by quarks is described within the color-dipole phenomenology. The results of calculations are in a good accord with available data in a wide range of transverse momenta of the photons.
hep-phhep-exActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·0 citations
07*
Cosmic QCD transition-from quark to strangeon and nucleon
Xuhao Wu🇨🇳 · Weibo He🇨🇳 · Yudong Luo🇨🇳 · Guo-Yun Shao🇨🇳 · Renxin Xu🇨🇳
A crossover QCD phase transition in the early Universe, involving a formation scenario of stable strangeon nuggets is studied. The Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model is applied to calculate the thermodynamics of the QCD phase with u, d, s quarks, and the relativistic mean-field model describes the hadronic matter. The crossover phase transition from quarks to hadrons occurred at cosmic temperature of T~170 MeV, and those two phases are connected in a three-window model. Due to quark's non-perturbative coupling, quark clusters with net strangeness (i.e., strangeons) and then strangeon nuggets could form during the transition process. A distribution function of the nugget baryon number, A, is introduced to describe the nuggets' number density. All the strangeon nuggets with A>A_c are considered to be stable, where the critical number, A_c, is determined by both the weak and strong interactions. A non-relativistic equation of state is applied to calculate the thermodynamics of stable nuggets. The calculation shows that the thermodynamical contributions (pressure, entropy, etc.) of the stable strangeon nuggets are negligible. The resultant mass density of the strangeon nuggets survival from the early Universe is comparable to the dark matter, that indicates a possible explanation of the cold dark matter without introducing any exotic particles beyond the standard model.
hep-phastro-ph.COInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2024)·4 citations
08*
Invisible Neutrino Decays as Origin of TeV Gamma Rays from GRB221009A
Jihong Huang🇨🇳 · Yilin Wang🇨🇳 · Bingrong Yu🇨🇳 · Shun Zhou🇨🇳
Recently, the LHAASO collaboration has observed the gamma rays of energies up to ten TeV from the gamma-ray burst GRB221009A, which has stimulated the community of astronomy, particle physics and astrophysics to propose various possible interpretations. In this paper, we put forward a viable scenario that neutrinos are produced together with TeV photons in the gamma-ray burst and gradually decay into the axion-like particles, which are then converted into gamma rays in the galactic magnetic fields. In such a scenario, the tension between previous axion-like particle interpretations and the existing observational constraints on the relevant coupling constant and mass can be relaxed.
hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-exJCAP(2023)·21 citations
09*
Scattering of neutrinos by a rotating black hole accounting for the electroweak interaction with an accretion disk
Maxim Dvornikov (IZMIRAN)🇷🇺
We study spin effects in the neutrino gravitational scattering by a supermassive black hole with a magnetized accretion disk having a finite thickness. We exactly describe the propagation of ultrarelativistic neutrinos on null geodesics and solve the spin precession equation along each neutrino trajectory. The interaction of neutrinos with the magnetic field is owing to the nonzero diagonal magnetic moment. Additionally, neutrinos interact with plasma of the accretion disk electroweakly within the Fermi approximation. These interactions are obtained to change the polarization of incoming neutrinos, which are left particles. The fluxes of scattered neutrinos, proportional to the survival probability of spin oscillations, are derived for various parameters of the system. In particular, we are focused on the matter influence on the outgoing neutrinos flux. The possibility to observe the predicted effects for astrophysical neutrinos is briefly discussed.
hep-phastro-ph.HEgr-qcInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2024)·8 citations
10*
Three-loop photon spectral density in QED
A.I. Onishchenko🇷🇺
We calculate three-loop photon spectral density in QED with $N$ different species of electrons. The obtained results were expressed in terms of iterated integrals, which are either reduce to Goncharov's polylogarithms or can be written in terms of one-fold integrals of harmonic polylogarithms and complete elliptic integrals. In addition we provide threshold and high-energy asymptotics of the calculated spectral density. It is shown, that the use of the obtained spectral density correctly reproduces separately calculated moments of corresponding photon polarization operator.
hep-ph5 citations
11*
Quark condensate and magnetic moment in a strong magnetic field
De-Xian Wei🇨🇳 · Li-Juan Zhou🇨🇳
This paper studies the quark condensate, magnetic moment, magnetic polarization, and magnetic susceptibility in a strong external magnetic field by employing the Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSE). The results show that these physical quantities as functions of the magnetic field. We note that the quark's spin polarizations are approximately proportional to the magnetic field magnitude. For comparison, we investigate the magnetic moments and susceptibility of the nucleon in the constituent quark model framework and demonstrate that both these quantities increase as the magnetic field rises.
hep-phIJMPE(2023)·2 citations
12*
Early universe dynamics of PQ field with very small self-coupling and its implications for axion dark matter
P. Kozów🇵🇱 · M. Olechowski🇵🇱
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are often considered as good candidates for dark matter. Several mechanisms generating relic abundance of ALP dark matter have been proposed. They may involve processes which take place before, during or after cosmic inflation. In all cases an important role is played by the potential of the corresponding Peccei-Quinn (PQ) field. Quite often this potential is assumed to be dominated by a quartic term with a very small coupling. We show that in such situation it is crucial to take into account different kinds of corrections especially in models in which the PQ field evolves during and after inflation. We investigate how such evolution changes due to radiative, thermal and geometric corrections. In many cases those changes are very important and result in strong modifications of the predictions of a model. They may strongly influence the amount of ALP contributions to cold and warm components of dark matter as well as the power spectrum of associated isocurvature perturbations. Models with a quasi-supersymmetric spectrum of particles to which the PQ field couples seem to be especially interesting. Qualitative features of such models are discussed with the help of approximate analytical formulae. However, the dynamics of the PQ field with the considered corrections taken into account is more complicated than in the case without corrections so dedicated numerical calculations are necessary to obtain precise predictions. We present such results for some characteristic benchmark points in the parameter space.
hep-phJCAP(2023)·5 citations
13*
Three-quark potential at finite temperature and chemical potential
Jia-Jie Jiang🇨🇳 · Ya-Zhao Xiao🇨🇳 · Jiajia Qin🇨🇳 · Xiaohua Li🇨🇳 · Xun Chen🇨🇳
Using gauge/gravity duality, we study the potential energy and the melting of triply heavy baryon at finite temperature and chemical potential in this paper. First, we calculate three-quark potential and compare the results with quark-antiquark potential. With the increase of temperature and chemical potential, the potential energy will decrease at large distances. It is found that the three-quark potential will have an endpoint at high temperature and/or large chemical potential, which means triply heavy baryons will melt at enough high temperature and/or large chemical potential. We also discuss screening distance which can be extracted from the three-quark potential. At last, we draw the melting diagram of triply heavy baryons in the $T - μ$ plane.
hep-phCPC(2023)·11 citations
14*
Searching for $a_{0} (980)$ -meson parton distribution function
Zai-Hui Wu🇨🇳 · Hai-Bing Fu🇨🇳 · Tao Zhong🇨🇳 · Yu Chen🇨🇳 · Ya-Hong Dai🇨🇳
In this paper, we calculate the scalar $a_{0} (980)$ -meson leading-twist wavefunction by using light-cone harmonic oscillator model (LCHO). In which the model parameters are determined by fitting the $ξ$ -moments $⟨ ξ_{a_{0}}^{n} ⟩_{ζ}$ of its light-cone distribution amplitudes. Then, the $a_{0} (980)$ -meson leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitudes with three different scales $ζ = (1.0, 2.0, 5.2) GeV$ are given. After constructing the relationship between $a_{0} (980)$ -meson leading-twist parton distribution functions/valence quark distribution function and its LCHO wavefunction, we exhibit the $q^{a_{0}} (x, ζ)$ and $x q^{a_{0}} (x, ζ)$ with different scales. Furthermore, we also calculate the Mellin moments of the $a_{0} (980)$ -meson's valence quark distribution function $⟨ x^{n} q^{a_{0}} ⟩_{ζ}$ with $n = (1, 2, 3)$ , i.e. $⟨ x q^{a_{0}} ⟩_{ζ_{5}} = 0.026$ , $⟨ x^{2} q^{a_{0}} ⟩_{ζ_{5}} = 0.017$ and $⟨ x^{3} q^{a_{0}} ⟩_{ζ_{5}} = 0.012$ . Finally, the scale evolution for the ratio of the Mellin moments $x_{a_{0}}^{n} (ζ, ζ_{k})$ are presented.
hep-phCommun.Theor.Phys.(2023)·1 citation
15*
One-loop gauge invariant amplitudes with a space-like gluon
Etienne Blanco🇵🇱 · Alessandro Giachino🇵🇱 · Andreas van Hameren🇵🇱 · Piotr Kotko🇵🇱
Nowadays the particle physics has entered an era where high precision calculations are required in order to compare the theoretical predictions with the experimental data. In this paper, we explicitly compute the virtual contributions for the space-like one-jet processes, $\procgg, \procqq, \procH$ and $\procee$ within the auxiliary parton method. Our results, which are expected to play an important role in high precision description of small $x$ physics, explicitly confirm the conjecture developed in Ref. \cite{vanHameren:2022mtk}, thus helping to bridge the gap between lowest order calculations and NLO corrections within hybrid $k_{T}$ -factorization scheme.
hep-phNPB(2023)·5 citations
16*
Diagrammatic analysis of hidden- and open-charm tetraquark production in $B$ decays
Qin Qin🇨🇳 · Jing-Liang Qiu🇨🇳 · Fu-Sheng Yu🇨🇳
Discoveries of tetraquarks not only enrich the hadronic spectrum but also provide more platforms to understand quantum chromodynamics. We study the production processes of hidden-charm and open-charm tetraquarks in $B$ decays by analyzing their topological amplitudes. Relations between different channels are found, which confront tests by experiments to probe the nature of the tetraquarks. Furthermore, promising channels to find more tetraquarks are proposed.
hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·24 citations
17*
Threshold effects in high-energy vortex state collisions
Bei Liu🇨🇳 · Igor P. Ivanov🇨🇳
Collisions of particles prepared in non--plane-wave states with a non-trivial phase structure, such as vortex states carrying an adjustable orbital angular momentum (OAM), open novel opportunities in atomic, nuclear, and high-energy physics unavailable for traditional scattering experiments. Recently, it was argued that photoinduced processes such as $γ d \to p n$ and $γ p \to Δ^{+}$ initiated by a high-energy vortex photon should display a remarkable threshold shift and a sizable cross section enhancement as the impact parameter $b$ of the target hadron with respect to the vortex photon axis goes to zero. In this work, we theoretically explore whether this effect exists within the quantum-field-theoretic treatment of the scattering process. We do not rely on the semiclassical assumption of pointlike, non-spreading target particle and, instead, consider the toy process of heavy particle pair production in collision of two light particles prepared as a Laguerre-Gaussian and a compact Gaussian wave packets, paying special attention to the threshold behavior of the cross section. We do observe threshold smearing due to non-monochromaticity of the wave packets, but we do not confirm the near-threshold enhancement. Instead we find an OAM-related dip at $b \to 0$ as compared with the two Gaussian wave packet collision.
hep-phquant-phPRA(2023)·13 citations
18*
Next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to $J / ψ$ plus $η_{c}$ production at the $B$ factories
Xu-Dong Huang🇨🇳 · Bin Gong🇨🇳 · Jian-Xiong Wang🇨🇳
In this paper, we calculate the next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) QCD corrections to $e^{+} e^{-} \to J / ψ + η_{c}$ at the $B$ factories. After including the NNLO corrections, the cross section of $e^{+} e^{-} \to J / ψ + η_{c}$ is enhanced by about $17%$ , and the perturbative series of the prediction shows the convergent behavior. It is also found that the contribution from bottom quark starts at the $α_{s}^{3}$ -order, which is about $2.4%$ of the total prediction. The renormalization scale $μ_{R}$ dependence of the cross section is reduced at the NNLO level, but the prediction is sensitive to the charm quark mass $m_{c}$ . By considering the uncertainties caused by renormalization scale $μ_{R}$ , charm quark mass $m_{c}$ and the NRQCD factorization scale $μ_{Λ}$ , our prediction shows agreement with the BABAR and BELLE measurements within errors.
hep-phJHEP(2023)·18 citations
19*
Finite width effects on the azimuthal asymmetry in proton-nucleus collisions in the Color Glass Condensate
Pedro Agostini🇵🇱 · Tolga Altinoluk🇵🇱 · Néstor Armesto🇪🇸
We perform a numerical analysis of the two particle azimuthal correlations at central rapidities generated in $p$ A collisions within the framework of the Color Glass Condensate. We extend the standard computations to include the subeikonal corrections which stem from considering the finite longitudinal width of the dense target. For practical reasons, we only consider the next-to-next-to-eikonal corrections instead of using the all-order expressions for the inclusive two gluon production cross section. We show that the subeikonal terms that we account for in the two gluon yields contribute to both even and odd harmonics, the latter being absent in the standard Color Glass Condensate calculations performed at eikonal accuracy. Our analysis confirms the vanishing of the subeikonal effects with increasing collision energy and when going to forward rapidities, as expected.
hep-phnucl-thPLB(2023)·21 citations
20*
Searching for fully-heavy tetraquark states in QCD moment sum rules
Wei Chen🇨🇳 · Qi-Nan Wang🇨🇳 · Zi-Yan Yang🇨🇳 · Hua-Xing Chen🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳 · T. G. Steele🇨🇦 · Shi-Lin Zhu🇨🇳
In this talk, we briefly report the investigations of the mass spectra for the $cc c ˉ c ˉ, bb b ˉ b ˉ$ , $b c b ˉ c ˉ$ and $cc b ˉ b ˉ$ tetraquark states by using the QCD moment sum rule method. The calculations for the fully-charm $cc c ˉ c ˉ$ tetraquarks have been successfully predicted the existence of di- $J / ψ$ resonances including $X (6900)$ in LHCb's observation. The quantum numbers for these resonance structures are also suggested. More efforts are still needed in both theoretical and experimental aspects to study the properties of these fully-heavy tetraquark states. They may be observed at facilities such as LHCb, CMS and RHIC in the future.
hep-phhep-exNucl.Part.Phys.Proc.(2022)·5 citations
21*
Looking for heavy axial tensor mesons via their strong decays in light cone QCD
T.M.Aliev🇹🇷 · S.Bilmis🇹🇷 · R.A.Ciftci🇹🇷 · M.Savci🇹🇷
In this study, the strong coupling constants of the unobserved heavy axial tensor mesons to the heavy vector and pseudoscalar $π$ and $K$ mesons, $D_{2} D^{*} π$ , $D_{s 2} D^{*} K$ , $B_{2} B^{*} π$ , $B_{s 2} B^{*} K$ as well as a heavy axial tensor to axial vector and light pseudoscalar $π$ and $K$ -mesons, $D_{2} D_{1} π$ , $D_{s 2} D_{1} K$ , $B_{2} B_{1} π$ , $B_{s 2} B_{1} K$ vertices have been investigated within the light cone QCD sum rules method. Having obtained the strong coupling constants, we estimate the corresponding decay widths that will hopefully be verified in future experiments.
hep-phPRD(2023)·0 citations
22*
Collisional flavor instability in dense neutrino gases
Zewei Xiong (GSI)🇩🇪 · Lucas Johns (Berkeley)🇺🇸 · Meng-Ru Wu (Academia Sinica)🇹🇼 · Huaiyu Duan (UNM)🇺🇸
Charged-current neutrino processes such as $ν_{e} + n ⇌ p + e^{-}$ and $ν ˉ_{e} + p ⇌ n + e^{+}$ destroy the flavor coherence among the weak-interaction states of a single neutrino and thus damp its flavor oscillation. In a dense neutrino gas such as that inside a core-collapse supernova or the black hole accretion disk formed in a compact binary merger, however, these "collision" processes can trigger large flavor conversion in cooperation with the strong neutrino-neutrino refraction. We show that there exist two types of collisional flavor instability in a homogeneous and isotropic neutrino gas which are identified by the dependence of their real frequencies on the neutrino density $n_{ν}$ . The instability transitions from one type to the other and exhibits a resonance-like behavior in the region where the net electron lepton number of the neutrino gas is negligible. In the transition region, the flavor instability grows exponentially at a rate $\propto n_{ν}^{1/2}$ . We find that the neutrino gas in the black hole accretion disk is susceptible to the collision-induced flavor conversion where the neutrino densities are the highest. As a result, large amounts of heavy-lepton flavor neutrinos may be produced through flavor conversion, which can potentially have important ramifications in the subsequent evolution of the remnant.
hep-phastro-ph.HEnucl-thPRD(2023)·69 citations
23*
The branching fraction of $B_{s} \to K^{0} K ˉ^{0}$ : Three puzzles
Yasmine Amhis🇫🇷 · Yuval Grossman🇺🇸 · Yosef Nir🇮🇱
The branching fraction of the $B_{s} \to K^{0} K ˉ^{0}$ decay has been recently measured by the LHCb and Belle experiments. We study the consistency of the measured value with three relations to other decay rates and CP asymmetries which follow from the Standard Model, and from the approximate flavor $S U (3)$ symmetry of the strong interactions. We find that each of these relations is violated at a level of above $3 σ$ . We argue that various subleading effects -- rescattering, electroweak penguins and $S U (3)$ breaking -- if larger than theoretically expected, can account for some of these puzzles, but not for all of them simultaneously.
hep-phJHEP(2023)·19 citations
24*
Indirect new physics effects on $σ_{had}$ confront the $(g - 2)_{μ}$ window discrepancies and the CMD-3 result
Luc Darmé🇫🇷 · Giovanni Grilli di Cortona🇮🇹 · Enrico Nardi🇮🇹
Recent lattice determinations of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_{μ}^{HVP}$ have confirmed the discrepancy with the data-driven dispersive method. In the meanwhile the CMD-3 collaboration has reported a result for the $e^{+} e^{-} \to π^{+} π^{-}$ cross section considerably larger than previous experimental results (and close to the lattice determinations) exacerbating the discordance between different $e^{+} e^{-}$ datasets. We explore to what extent these disagreements can be accounted for by some new physics effect altering selectively the individual experimental determinations of $σ (e^{+} e^{-} \to$ hadrons). We find that specific effects of GeV-scale new particles are able to shift upwards the KLOE and BaBar results in the low and intermediate energy windows, while leaving unaffected the CMD-3 energy scan. Although these new physics effects cannot fully explain all the discrepancies among the different $σ (e^{+} e^{-} \to$ hadrons) datasets, they succeed in mitigating the overall tension between data-driven and lattice estimates of $a_{μ}^{HVP}$ . Remarkably, the additional loop corrections involving the new particles concur to solve the residual discrepancy with the experimental value of $(g - 2)_{μ}$ .
hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2023)·16 citations
25*
Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes in the Early Universe: Mass and Spin Distributions
Andrew Cheek🇵🇱 · Lucien Heurtier🇬🇧 · Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez🇬🇧 · Jessica Turner🇬🇧
Many cosmological phenomena lead to the production of primordial black holes in the early Universe. These phenomena often create a population of black holes with extended mass and spin distributions. As these black holes evaporate via Hawking radiation, they can modify various cosmological observables, lead to the production of dark matter, modify the number of effective relativistic degrees of freedom, $N_{eff}$ , source a stochastic gravitational wave background and alter the dynamics of baryogenesis. We consider the Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes that feature non-trivial mass and spin distributions in the early Universe. We demonstrate that the shape of such a distribution can strongly affect most of the aforementioned cosmological observables. We outline the numerical machinery we use to undertake this task. We also release a new version of FRISBHEE that handles the evaporation of primordial black holes with an arbitrary mass and spin distribution throughout cosmic history.
hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·77 citations
26*
Chiral Nelson--Barr Models: Quality and Cosmology
Pouya Asadi🇺🇸 · Samuel Homiller🇺🇸 · Qianshu Lu🇺🇸 · Matthew Reece🇺🇸
It was recently shown that domain walls from the spontaneous breaking of CP symmetry are exactly stable, and must be inflated away to recover a viable cosmology. We investigate the phenomenological implications of this result in Nelson--Barr solutions of the strong CP problem. Combined with the upper bound on the scale of spontaneous CP breaking necessary to suppress contributions from dangerous, nonrenormalizable operators to $θ ˉ$ , this puts an upper bound on the scale of inflation and the reheating temperature after inflation. Minimal Nelson--Barr models are therefore in tension with thermal leptogenesis, models of large-field inflation, or potential future observations of signals from topological remnants of an unrelated, subsequent phase transition. We study how extending Nelson--Barr models with a new, continuous chiral gauge symmetry can ameliorate this tension by forbidding the dangerous dimension-five operators. In particular, we show that gauging a linear combination of baryon number and hypercharge allows for an economic, anomaly-free extension of the minimal Nelson--Barr model, and discuss the phenomenological implications.
hep-phPRD(2023)·33 citations
27*
A guide to hunting long-lived particles at the LHC
Simon Knapen🇺🇸 · Steven Lowette🇧🇪
This article is a pedagogical review to searches for long-lived particles at the LHC, primarily aimed at experimentalists and theorists seeking to initiate and/or deepen their research in this field. We cover general theory priors and example models, the main experimental techniques for long-lived particles and some of the subtleties involved with both estimating signal efficiencies and background rates.
hep-phAnn.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci.(2023)·50 citations
28*
Detection of hidden photon dark matter using the direct excitation of transmon qubits
Shion Chen🇯🇵 · Hajime Fukuda🇯🇵 · Toshiaki Inada🇯🇵 · Takeo Moroi🇯🇵 · Tatsumi Nitta🇯🇵 · Thanaporn Sichanugrist🇯🇵
We propose a novel dark matter detection method utilizing the excitation of superconducting transmon qubits. Assuming the hidden photon dark matter of a mass of $O (10) μ eV$ , the classical wave-matter oscillation induces an effective ac electric field via the small kinetic mixing with the ordinary photon. This serves as a coherent drive field for a qubit when it is resonant, evolving it from the ground state towards the first-excited state. We evaluate the rate of such evolution and observable excitations in the measurements, as well as the search sensitivity to the hidden photon dark matter. For a selected mass, one can reach $ϵ \sim 1 0^{- 12} - 1 0^{- 14}$ (where $ϵ$ is the kinetic mixing parameter of the hidden photon) with a single standard transmon qubit. A simple extension to the frequency-tunable SQUID-based transmon enables the mass scan to cover the whole $4 - 40 μ eV$ ( $1 - 10$ GHz) range within a reasonable length of run time. The sensitivity scalability along the number of the qubits also makes it a promising platform in accord to the rapid evolution of the superconducting quantum computer technology.
hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exquant-phPRL(2023)·50 citations
29*
On neutrino-mediated potentials in a neutrino background
Diego Blas🇪🇸 · Ivan Esteban🇺🇸 · M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia🇪🇸 · Jordi Salvado🇪🇸
The exchange of a pair of neutrinos with Standard Model weak interactions generates a long-range force between fermions. The associated potential is extremely feeble, $\propto G_{F}^{2} / r^{5}$ for massless neutrinos, whichrenders it far from observable even in the most sensitive experiments testing fifth forces. The presence of a neutrino background has been argued to induce a correction to the neutrino propagator that enhances the potential by orders of magnitude. In this brief note, we point out that such modified propagators are invalid if the background neutrino wavepackets have a finite width. By reevaluating the 2-- $ν$ exchange potential in the presence of a neutrino background including finite width effects, we find that the background-induced enhancement is reduced by several orders of magnitude. Unfortunately, this pushes the resulting 2-- $ν$ exchange potential away from present and near-future sensitivity of tests of new long-range forces.
hep-phJHEP(2023)·15 citations
30*
New UTfit Analysis of the Unitarity Triangle in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa scheme
UTfit Collaboration: Marcella Bona🇬🇧 · Marco Ciuchini🇮🇹 · Denis Derkach🇷🇺 · Fabio Ferrari🇮🇹 · Enrico Franco🇮🇹 · Vittorio Lubicz🇮🇹 · Guido Martinelli🇮🇹 · Davide Morgante🇮🇹 · Maurizio Pierini🇨🇭 · Luca Silvestrini🇮🇹 · Silvano Simula🇮🇹 · Achille Stocchi🇫🇷 and 4 other authors
Flavour mixing and CP violation as measured in weak decays and mixing of neutral mesons are a fundamental tool to test the Standard Model (SM) and to search for new physics. New analyses performed at the LHC experiment open an unprecedented insight into the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) metrology and new evidence for rare decays. Important progress has also been achieved in theoretical calculations of several hadronic quantities with a remarkable reduction of the uncertainties. This improvement is essential since previous studies of the Unitarity Triangle did show that possible contributions from new physics, if any, must be tiny and could easily be hidden by theoretical and experimental errors. Thanks to the experimental and theoretical advances, the CKM picture provides very precise SM predictions through global analyses. We present here the results of the latest global SM analysis performed by the UTfit collaboration including all the most updated inputs from experiments, lattice QCD and phenomenological calculations.
hep-phhep-exhep-latRend.Lincei Sci.Fis.Nat.(2023)·170 citations
31*
Novel modulus stabilization mechanism in higher dimensional f(R) Gravity
Shafaq Gulzar Elahi🇮🇳 · Soumya Samrat Mandal🇮🇳 · Soumitra SenGupta🇮🇳
In this work, we obtain a new warped solution for a 5-dimensional $f (R)$ gravity in an anti de-Sitter bulk. The higher curvature term in the gravity action is shown to modify the usual warped metric. The novel feature of this modification leads to a natural geometric stabilization of the modulus/radion field in the underlying effective theory on the visible 3-brane without the need for any external stabilizing field. It is further shown that the stabilized value of the modulus resolves the well-known gauge hierarchy problem without any unnatural fine-tuning of the model parameters. This new solution also opens up the possibilities of new signatures in various scenarios formulated in the backdrop of higher dimensional space-time.
↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·7 citations
32*
Symmetries in one loop solutions: The AV, AVV, and AVVV diagrams, from 2D, 4D, and 6D dimensions and the role of breaking integration linearity
Luciana Ebani🇧🇷 · Thalis José Girardi🇧🇷 · José Fernando Thuorst🇧🇷
We investigated relations among green functions defined in the context of an alternative strategy for coping with the divergences, also called Implicit Regularization. Our targets are fermionic amplitudes in even space-time dimensions, where anomalous tensors connect to finite amplitudes. Those tensors depend on surface terms, whose non-zero values arise from finite amplitudes as requirements of consistency with the linearity of integration and uniqueness. Maintaining these terms implies breaking momentum-space homogeneity and in a later step the Ward identities. Meanwhile, eliminating them allows more than one mathematical expression for the same amplitude. That is a consequence of choices related to the involved Dirac traces. Independently of divergences, it is impossible to satisfy all symmetry implications that require the vanishing of surface terms and linearity simultaneously. Nonetheless, the symmetry violations are globally independent of divergences and can be allocated appropriately. From this perspective, we cast all the choices involved and the different meanings, whose implications go beyond the scenario described.
↳ hep-thhep-ph5 citations
33*
Modelling frequency-dependent tidal deformability for environmental black-hole mergers
Valerio De Luca🇺🇸 · Andrea Maselli🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹
Motivated by events in which black holes can lose their environment due to tidal interactions in a binary system, we develop a waveform model in which the tidal deformability interpolates between a finite value (dressed black hole) at relatively low frequency and a zero value (naked black hole) at high frequency. We then apply this model to the example case of a black hole dressed with an ultralight scalar field and investigate the detectability of the tidal Love number with the Einstein Telescope. We show that the parameters of the tidal deformability model could be measured with high accuracy, providing a useful tool to understand dynamical environmental effects taking place during the inspiral of a binary system.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·73 citations
34*
QCD topology with electromagnetic fields and the axion-photon coupling
Bastian Brandt🇩🇪 · Francesca Cuteri🇩🇪 · Gergely Endrődi🇩🇪 · José Javier Hernández Hernández🇩🇪 · Gergely Markó🇩🇪
The introduction of non-orthogonal electric and magnetic fields in the QCD vacuum enhances the weight of topological sectors with a nonzero topological charge. For weak fields, there is a linear response for the expectation value of the topological charge. We study this linear response and relate it to the QCD correction to the axion-photon coupling. We also analyse the magnetic field dependence of the topological susceptibility for a range of temperatures around $T_{c}$ . In this work we use lattice simulations with improved staggered quarks at physical masses, including background magnetic and (imaginary) electric fields.
↳ hep-lathep-phPoS(2023)·10 citations
35*
Generation of primordial black holes from an inflation model with modified dispersion relation
Taotao Qiu🇨🇳 · Wenyi Wang🇨🇳 · Ruifeng Zheng🇨🇳
A primordial black hole (PBH) is interesting to people for its ability of explaining dark matter as well as supermassive astrophysical objects. In the normal inflation scenario, the generation of PBHs usually requires an enhanced power spectrum of scalar perturbation at the end of inflation era, which is expected when the dispersion relation of the inflaton field gets modified. In this work, we study a kind of inflation model called {the \it Dirac-Born-Infeld-inspired nonminimal kinetic coupling (DINKIC)} model, where the dispersion relation is modified by a square root existing in the field Lagrangian. We discuss the enhancement of scalar power spectrum due to the modified dispersion relation, as well as the abundance of PBHs produced by the Press-Schechter collapse mechanism. We also discuss the formation of scalar-induced gravitational waves by linear scalar perturbations.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·26 citations
36*
Primordial black holes generated by the non-minimal spectator field
De-Shuang Meng🇨🇳 · Chen Yuan🇨🇳 · Qing-Guo Huang🇨🇳
In this paper, we propose a model in which a spectator field non-minimally couples to an inflaton field and the power spectrum of the perturbation of the spectator field at small scales is dramatically enhanced by the sharp feature in the form of non-minimal coupling. At or after the end of inflation, the perturbation of the spectator field is converted into curvature perturbation and leads to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). Furthermore, for example, we consider three phenomenological models for generating PBHs with mass function peaked at $\sim 1 0^{- 12} M_{⊙}$ and representing all the cold dark matter in our Universe and find that the scalar induced gravitational waves generated by the curvature perturbation can be detected by the future space-borne gravitational-wave detectors such as Taiji, TianQin and LISA.
↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thSCPMA(2023)·56 citations
37*
Fractional quantum fields with Le'vy paths
Zheng-Wei Cheng🇨🇳 · You-Kai Wang🇨🇳 · Xia Wan🇨🇳
We develop a path integral approach to quantum field theory that is defined over the paths of the Le'vy flights possessing a fractal dimension $1 < d_{f} < 2$ . In standard quantum field theory, the fractality of the Brownian trajectories lead to a dispersion relation of quadric form. While the Le'vy paths lead fractional quantum field theory to a fractional dispersion relation. By considering Le'vy paths in time, we calculate density of states for a massless scalar field with box boundary condition. The density of states show behaviors dual to lower dimensional system, and the corresponding black body radiation has an energy spectrum dual to that in lower dimensional black body radiation. We derive the fractional equations of motion for scalar field, vector field and spinor field in zero temperature. Their propagators have been calculated. Based on above derivation, we calculate the one-loop self-energy of electron in Lev'y paths to show how this scheme works equally in renormalization as dimensional regularization does. Nevertheless, We found that gauge symmetry prevent Dirac spinor field from Le'vy paths and demonstrate that these paths in Dirac spinor field leds to unstable electrons, thus Le'vy paths are overcame by ordinary Brownian paths. While Le'vy paths are permitted in electromagnetic field by gauge symmetry. It led to a non-local phase and interaction with electron where electron charge is a composite quantity rather than a fundamental constant which maybe physically observable.
↳ hep-thhep-ph0 citations
38*
Stringy Completions of the Standard Model from the Bottom Up
Brad Bachu🇺🇸 · Aaron Hillman🇺🇸
We study a class of tree-level ansätze for $2 \to 2$ scalar and gauge boson amplitudes inspired by stringy UV completions. These amplitudes manifest Regge boundedness and are exponentially soft for fixed-angle high energy scattering, but unitarity in the form of positive expandability of massive residues is a nontrivial consistency condition. In particular, unitarity forces these ansätze to include graviton exchange. In the context of gauge boson scattering, we study gauge groups $S O (N)$ and $S U (N)$ . In four dimensions, the bound on the rank of the gauge group is $24$ for both groups, and occurs at the maximum value of the gauge coupling $g_{Y M}^{2} = \frac{2 M _{s}^{2}}{M _{P}^{2}}$ . In integer dimensions $5 \leq D \leq 10$ , we find evidence that the maximum allowed allowed rank $r$ of the gauge group agrees with the swampland conjecture $r < 26 - D$ . The bound is surprisingly identical for both $S U (N)$ and $S O (N)$ in integer spacetime dimensions. We also study the electroweak sector of the standard model via $2 \to 2$ Higgs scattering and find interesting constraints relating standard model couplings, the putative string scale, and the Planck scale
↳ hep-thhep-ph9 citations
39*
Shift operators from the simplex representation in momentum-space CFT
Francesca Caloro🇬🇧 · Paul McFadden🇬🇧
We derive parametric integral representations for the general $n$ -point function of scalar operators in momentum-space conformal field theory. Recently, this was shown to be expressible as a generalised Feynman integral with the topology of an $(n - 1)$ -simplex, featuring an arbitrary function of momentum-space cross ratios. Here, we show all graph polynomials for this integral can be expressed in terms of the first and second minors of the Laplacian matrix for the simplex. Computing the effective resistance between nodes of the corresponding electrical network, an inverse parametrisation is found in terms of the determinant and first minors of the Cayley-Menger matrix. These parametrisations reveal new families of weight-shifting operators, expressible as determinants, that connect $n$ -point functions in spacetime dimensions differing by two. Moreover, the action of all previously known weight-shifting operators preserving the spacetime dimension is manifest. Finally, the new parametric representations enable the validity of the conformal Ward identities to be established directly, without recourse to recursion in the number of points.
↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2023)·16 citations
40*
Detecting massive scalar fields with Extreme Mass-Ratio Inspirals
Susanna Barsanti🇮🇹 · Andrea Maselli🇮🇹 · Thomas P. Sotiriou🇬🇧 · Leonardo Gualtieri🇮🇹
We study the imprint of light scalar fields on gravitational waves from extreme mass ratio inspirals -- binary systems with a very large mass asymmetry. We first show that, to leading order in the mass ratio, any effects of the scalar on the waveform are captured fully by two parameters: the mass of the scalar and the scalar charge of the secondary compact object. We then use this theory-agnostic framework to show that the future observations by LISA will be able to simultaneously measure both of these parameters with enough accuracy to detect ultra-light scalars.
↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phPRL(2023)·93 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.