Mon·Dec 5, 2022Monday·December 5, 2022

1. 01*

   Counting linearly polarized gluons with lattice QCD

   Shuai Zhao🇺🇸

   We outline an approach to calculate the transverse-momentum-dependent distribution of linearly polarized gluons inside an unpolarized hadron on the lattice with the help of large momentum effective theory. To achieve this purpose, we propose calculating a Euclidean version of the degree of polarization for a fast-moving hadron on the lattice, which is ultraviolet finite, and no soft function subtraction is needed. It indicates a practical way to explore the distribution of the linearly polarized gluons in a proton and the linearly polarized gluon effects in hadron collisions on the lattice.

   hep-phhep-latPRD(2024)·4 citations
2. 02*

   A Right-handed Neutrino Portal to the Hidden sector : Active Neutrinos and their Twins in an F-theory model

   Junichiro Kawamura🇰🇷 · Stuart Raby🇺🇸

   We analyze the neutrino phenomenology in an $SU(5)$ F-theory model with both a visible sector and a twin hidden sector. At low energies, the strong and weak scales of the two sectors may differ but the spectrum of states is described by the MSSM (MSSM${}^{\prime }$) in the visible (twin) sectors. What is special about the model is that there are right-handed neutrinos which couple to both sectors via Yukawa couplings. As a result, assuming 3 right-handed neutrinos with a large mass much greater than the weak scale, at tree-level the seesaw mechanism results in 3 massive Majorana neutrinos and 3 massless ones. The massless neutrinos acquire mass via radiative corrections. In our analysis, the massless neutrinos are predominantly active neutrinos, while the massive neutrinos are predominantly sterile neutrinos. We fit the active neutrino masses and mixing angles and discuss the phenomenology of the lightest sterile neutrino. Finally we consider some possible scenarios for cosmology.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·1 citation
3. 03*

   Charge asymmetry in the spectra of bremsstrahlung and pair production

   Petr A. Krachkov🇷🇺 · Roman N. Lee🇷🇺

   We calculate the first Coulomb correction to the spectra of two processes: the electron bremsstrahlung and electron-positron photoproduction in the Coulomb field. We show that, in contrast to the results obtained in the Born approximation and in the high-energy limit, the obtained corrections for these two process are not related by the crossing symmetry substitutions. The found corrections determine the leading contribution to the charge asymmetry in these processes. We use modern multiloop methods based on the IBP reduction and on the differential equations for master integrals. The results are presented in terms of classical polylogarithms. We provide both the threshold and the high-energy asymptotics of the obtained expressions and compare them with available results.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Accessing GPDs through the exclusive photoproduction of a photon-meson pair with a large invariant mass

   Goran Duplančić🇭🇷 · Saad Nabeebaccus🇫🇷 · Kornelija Passek-Kumerički🇭🇷 · Bernard Pire🇫🇷 · Lech Szymanowski🇵🇱 · Samuel Wallon🇫🇷

   We study the exclusive photoproduction of a photon-meson pair with a large invariant mass, working in the QCD factorisation framework. Explicitly, we consider a $\rho$-meson or a charged $\pi$ in the final state. This process gives access to chiral-even GPDs as well as chiral-odd GPDs. We focus here on the chiral-even sector. The computation is performed at leading order and leading twist. We discuss the prospects of measuring them in various experiments such as JLab 12-GeV, COMPASS, future EIC and LHC (in ultraperipheral collisions). In particular, the high centre of mass energies available at collider experiments can be used to probe GPDs at small skewness $\xi$. We also compute the polarisation asymmetries with respect to the incoming photon. The results for an alternative distribution amplitude (`holographic' form) are also compared with the predictions obtained with an asymptotic distribution amplitude.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2023)·5 citations
5. 05*

   lepton number survival in the cosmic neutrino background

   Oleg Ruchayskiy🇩🇰 · Vsevolod Syvolap🇳🇱 · Robin Wursch🇨🇭

   The Hot Big Bang model predicts the existence of a \emph{cosmic neutrino background}. The number of particles and anti-particles in this primordial bath of neutrinos can be different -- a memory of processes that took place at very early epochs. If neutrinos were massless, this asymmetry would not change once neutrinos froze out. However, in the case of massive particles, the asymmetry is not protected by conservation laws and can get erased via helicity-flipping scatterings off matter inhomogeneities. We evaluate this helicity-flipping rate and demonstrate that if relic lepton asymmetry ever existed, it would remain largely intact in the Earth's neighborhood for realistic values of neutrino masses.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·6 citations
6. 06*

   Weak radiative decay ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to {\Sigma }^{+}\gamma$ using light-cone sum rules

   Yu-Ji Shi🇩🇪 · Zhi-Peng Xing🇨🇳 · Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪

   We calculate the decay width of the ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to {\Sigma }^{+}\gamma$ using light-cone sum rules. For the initial quark radiation an effective Hamiltonian is constructed, where the internal quark line shrinks to a point. The final quark radiation is studied within the full theory. The leading twist light-cone distribution amplitudes of the ${\Sigma }^{+}$ serve as the non-perturbative input for the sum rules calculation, and the perturbative kernel is calculated at leading order. The branching fraction we obtain is $\mathcal{B}({\Lambda }_c^{+}\to {\Sigma }^{+}\gamma )=1.03\pm 0.36\times 10^{-4}$, which is below the recent upper limit $<2.6\times 10^{-4}$ given by the Belle collaboration.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·7 citations
7. 07*

   Yang-Mills glueball masses from spectral reconstruction

   Jan M. Pawlowski🇩🇪 · Coralie S. Schneider🇩🇪 · Jonas Turnwald🇩🇪 · Julian M. Urban🇺🇸 · Nicolas Wink🇩🇪

   We compute masses of the two lightest glueballs from spectral reconstructions of timelike interaction channels of the four-gluon vertex in Landau gauge Yang-Mills theory. The Euclidean spacelike dressings of the vertex are calculated with the functional renormalisation group. For the spectral reconstruction of these Euclidean data, we employ Gaussian process regression. The glueball resonances can be identified straightforwardly and we obtain $m_{sc}=1870(75)$ MeV as well as $m_{ps}=2700(120)$ MeV, in accordance with functional bound state and lattice calculations.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thPRD(2023)·33 citations
8. 08*

   Unpolarized QED parton distribution functions in NLO

   A.B. Arbuzov🇷🇺 · U.E. Voznaya🇷🇺

   Perturbative solutions for unpolarized QED parton distribution and fragmentation functions are presented explicitly in the next-to-leading logarithmic approximation. The scheme of iterative solution of QED evolution equations is described in detail. Terms up to $\mathcal{O}({\alpha }^3{L}^2)$ are calculated analytically, where $L=\ln ({\mu }_F^2/m_e^2)$ is the large logarithm which depends on the factorization energy scale ${\mu }_F\gg m_e$. The results are process independent and relevant for future high-precision experiments.

   hep-phJ.Phys.G(2023)·7 citations
9. 09*

   Millimeter-wave WISP search with coherent Light-Shining-Through-a-Wall towards the STAX project

   Akira Miyazaki🇸🇪 · Tor Lofnes🇸🇪 · Fritz Caspers🇸🇪 · Paolo Spagnolo🇸🇪 · John Jelonnek🇸🇪 · Tobias Ruess🇸🇪 · Johannes L. Steinmann🇸🇪 · Manfred Thumm🇸🇪

   A dark photon is one of the simplest extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics and can be a dark matter candidate. Dark photons kinetically mix with ordinary photons. The mass range from $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-3}$ eV of such dark photons is under-constrained by laboratory-based experiments and a new search is therefore motivated. In this mass range, dark photons behave like waves rather than particles and the corresponding electromagnetic waves are in the millimeter-wave range. The technical difficulties of the millimeter waves have prevented so far dark photon experiments in this mass range. We propose the use of coherent millimeter waves to search for dark photons in a Light-Shining-through-a-Wall (LSW) experiment. We clarify the merit and limitations of coherent wave detection and briefly investigate the potential of single photon sensors at microwaves. Development of millimeter-wave technology is not only limited to dark photons. Technically, an experiment for dark photons by using electromagnetic waves resembles that for axions, another light dark matter candidate, with static magnetic fields. This paper represents an essential step towards axion LSW in the millimeter-wave range (STAX experiment) as a potential successor of an on-going experiment in infrared.

   hep-phhep-exphysics.ins-detAnnalen Phys.(2024)·6 citations
10. 10*

    Space-time origin of gauge symmetry

    Mauro Napsuciale🇲🇽

    In this work I show by a first principles calculation that quantum states describing massive relativistic free spinning particles obey kinematical conditions whose origin can be traced to parity as a good quantum number. These conditions are at the root of the equations of motion and of the constraints satisfied by the corresponding fields. In the massless limit, well defined parity is lost but a symmetry emerges related to arbitrary changes in the unphysical parity components. It is shown that this emergent symmetry is the celebrated gauge symmetry.

    hep-phhep-thPhys.Scripta(2023)·2 citations
11. 11*

    Supernova Axion Emissivity with $\Delta (1232)$ Resonance in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory

    Shu-Yu Ho🇰🇷 · Jongkuk Kim🇰🇷 · Pyungwon Ko🇰🇷 · Jae-hyeon Park🇰🇷

    In this paper, we evaluate the energy loss rate of supernovae induced by the axion emission process ${\pi }^{-}+p\to n+a$ with the $\Delta (1232)$ resonance in the heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory for the first time. Given the axion-nucleon-$\Delta$ interactions, we include the previously ignored $\Delta$-mediated graphs to the ${\pi }^{-}+p\to n+a$ process. In particular, the ${\Delta }^0$-mediated diagram can give a resonance contribution to the supernova axion emission rate when the center-of-mass energy of the pion and proton approaches the $\Delta (1232)$ mass. With these new contributions, we find that for the typical supernova temperatures, compared with the earlier work with the axion-nucleon (and axion-pion-nucleon contact) interactions, the supernova axion emissivity can be enhanced by a factor of $\sim$4(2) in the Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov model and up to a factor of $\sim$5(2) in the Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky model with small $\tan \beta$ values. Remarkably, we notice that the $\Delta (1232)$ resonance gives a destructive contribution to the supernova axion emission rate at high supernova temperatures, which is a nontrivial result in this study.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRD(2023)·31 citations
12. 12*

    Searching for Light Physics at the LHC

    Patrick Foldenauer🇪🇸

    Over the last years, new physics in terms of a novel weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) has come more and more under pressure from experimental null results. While the remaining WIMP parameter space will be probed by next generation dark matter experiments, models of light new physics have become increasingly popular over the last decade. In an effort to explore the parameter space of such light physics, a myriad of custom designed high-precision/low-energy experiments has been proposed. In this note, however, I argue that existing LHC multipurpose experiments like ATALS and CMS have a so far unexploited potential to probe light physics via appearing displaced recoil jets. In the first part, I discuss the sensitivity of this signature to (ultra-)light scalar and axionic dark matter, while in the second part I show its sensitivity to high-energy neutrino scattering.

    hep-phSpringer Proc.Phys.(2023)·0 citations
13. 13*

    Combined constraints on dark photons and discovery prospects at the LHC and the Forward Physics Facility

    Amin Aboubrahim🇩🇪 · Mohammad Mahdi Altakach🇫🇷 · Michael Klasen🇩🇪 · Pran Nath🇺🇸 · Zhu-Yao Wang🇺🇸

    Hidden sectors are ubiquitous in supergravity theories, in strings and in branes. Well motivated models such as the Stueckelberg hidden sector model could provide a candidate for dark matter. In such models, the hidden sector communicates with the visible sector via the exchange of a dark photon (dark $Z^{\prime }$) while dark matter is constituted of Dirac fermions in the hidden sector. Using data from collider searches and precision measurements of SM processes as well as the most recent limits from dark matter direct and indirect detection experiments, we perform a comprehensive scan over a wide range of the $Z^{\prime }$ mass and set exclusion bounds on the parameter space from sub-GeV to several TeV. We then discuss the discovery potential of an $\mathcal{O}$(TeV) scale $Z^{\prime }$ at HL-LHC and the ability of future forward detectors to probe very weakly interacting sub-GeV $Z^{\prime }$ bosons. Our analysis shows that the parameter space in which a $Z^{\prime }$ can decay to hidden sector dark matter is severely constrained whereas limits become much weaker for a $Z^{\prime }$ with no dark decays. The analysis also favors a self-thermalized dark sector which is necessary to satisfy the dark matter relic density.

    hep-phJHEP(2023)·13 citations
14. 14*

    Higgs-Higgs scattering and the (non-)existence of the Higgsonium

    Vanamali Shastry🇵🇱 · Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱

    We study the Higgs-Higgs scattering process and the possible emergence of a Higgs-Higgs bound state (Higgsonium) in any Higgs potential with the vacuum expectation value and second derivative matching the corresponding values from the Standard Model (SM). From the tree-level Higgs-Higgs scattering amplitude, we construct the unitarized amplitude using two different unitarization schemes (the well-known on-shell and N/D methods). We reproduce the known result that there is no Higgsonium state in the SM and, in addition, we determine the S-, D-, and G-wave SM scattering lengths, both at tree-level and upon unitarization. In doing so, we refine previous results by checking the convergence of the N/D approach. Next, we extend the calculation for non-SM potentials and investigate under which conditions a formation of a bound state close to the Higgs-Higgs threshold is possible. In this way, the assumption that no Higgsonium exist, imposes certain bounds on the values of the self-interaction parameters that complement those imposed by the vacuum stability condition.

    hep-phEPJC(2023)·2 citations
15. 15*

    Precision test of the muon-Higgs coupling at a high-energy muon collider

    Jürgen Reuter🇩🇪 · Tao Han🇺🇸 · Wolfgang Kilian🇩🇪 · Nils Kreher🇩🇪 · Yang Ma🇮🇹 · Tobias Striegl🇩🇪 · Keping Xie🇺🇸

    We explore the sensitivity of directly testing the muon-Higgs coupling at a high-energy muon collider. This is strongly motivated if there exists new physics that is not aligned with the Standard Model Yukawa interactions which are responsible for the fermion mass generation. We illustrate a few such examples for physics beyond the Standard Model. With the accidentally small value of the muon Yukawa coupling and its subtle role in the high-energy production of multiple (vector and Higgs) bosons, we show that it is possible to measure the muon-Higgs coupling to an accuracy of ten percent for a 10 TeV muon collider and a few percent for a 30 TeV machine by utilizing the three boson production, potentially sensitive to a new physics scale about $\Lambda \sim$ 30-100 TeV.

    hep-phPoS(2022)·5 citations
16. 16*

    Probing the path-length dependence of parton energy loss via scaling properties in heavy ion collisions

    François Arleo🇫🇷 · Guillaume Falmagne🇫🇷

    The scaling property of large-$p_{\perp }$ hadron suppression, $R_{\mathrm{AA}}(p_{\perp })$, measured in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC leads to the determination of the average parton energy loss $⟨ϵ⟩$ in quark-gluon plasma produced in a variety of collision systems and centrality classes. Relating $⟨ϵ⟩$ to the particle multiplicity and collision geometry allows for probing the dependence of parton energy loss on the path-length $L$. We find that $⟨ϵ⟩\propto L^{\beta }$ with $\beta =1.02_{-0.06}^{+0.09}$, consistent with the pQCD expectation of parton energy loss in a longitudinally expanding quark-gluon plasma. We then demonstrate that the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient divided by the collision eccentricity, $v_2/\text{e}$, follows the same scaling property as $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$. This scaling is observed in data, which are reproduced by the model at large $p_{\perp }$. Finally, a linear relationship between $v_2/\text{e}$ and the logarithmic derivative of $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is found and confirmed in data, offering an additional way to probe the $L$ dependence of parton energy loss using coming measurements from LHC Run 3.

    hep-phPRD(2024)·18 citations
17. 17*

    The density of state method for first-order phase transitions in Yang-Mills theories

    David Mason🇬🇧 · Biagio Lucini🇬🇧 · Maurizio Piai🇬🇧 · Enrico Rinaldi🇺🇸 · Davide Vadacchino🇬🇧

    Lattice Field Theory can be used to study finite temperature first-order phase transitions in new, strongly-coupled gauge theories of phenomenological interest. Metastable dynamics arising in proximity of the phase transition can lead to large, uncontrolled numerical errors when analysed with standard methods. In this contribution, we discuss a prototype lattice calculation in which the first-order deconfinement transition in the strong Yang-Mills sector of the standard model is analysed using a novel lattice method, the logarithmic linear relaxation algorithm. This method provides a determination of the density of states of the system with exponential error suppression.

    ↳ hep-latastro-ph.COhep-phhep-thPoS(2023)·15 citations
18. 18*

    Hybrid stars with large strange quark cores

    Márcio Ferreira🇵🇹 · Renan Câmara Pereira🇵🇹 · Constança Providência🇵🇹

    The possible existence of hybrid stars is studied using several multi-quark interaction channels. The hadronic phase consists of an equation of state (EoS) with presently accepted nuclear matter properties and the quark model is constrained by the vacuum properties of several light mesons. The dependence of several NS properties on the different quark interactions is analyzed. We show that the present constraints from neutron star observations allow for the existence of hybrid stars with large strangeness content and large quark cores.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2022)·1 citation
19. 19*

    Non-thermal fixed points of universal sine-Gordon coarsening dynamics

    Philipp Heinen🇩🇪 · Aleksandr N. Mikheev🇩🇪 · Christian-Marcel Schmied🇩🇪 · Thomas Gasenzer🇩🇪

    We examine coarsening of field-excitation patterns of the sine-Gordon (SG) model, in two and three spatial dimensions, identifying it as universal dynamics near non-thermal fixed points. The SG model is relevant in many different contexts, from solitons in quantum fluids to structure formation in the universe. The coarsening process entails anomalously slow self-similar transport of the spectral distribution of excitations towards low energies, induced by the collisional interactions between the field modes. The focus is set on the non-relativistic limit exhibiting particle excitations only, governed by a Schrödinger-type equation with Bessel-function non-linearity. The results of our classical statistical simulations suggest that, in contrast to wave turbulent cascades, in which the transport is local in momentum space, the coarsening is dominated by rather non-local processes corresponding to a spatial containment in position space. The scaling analysis of a kinetic equation obtained with path-integral techniques corroborates this numerical observation and suggests that the non-locality is directly related to the slowness of the scaling in space and time. Our methods, which we expect to be applicable to more general types of models, could open a long-sought path to analytically describing universality classes behind domain coarsening and phase-ordering kinetics from first principles, which are usually modelled in a near-equilibrium setting by a phenomenological diffusion-type equation in combination with conservation laws.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phnlin.PS10 citations
20. 20*

    Anomalous scaling at non-thermal fixed points of the sine-Gordon model

    Philipp Heinen🇩🇪 · Aleksandr N. Mikheev🇩🇪 · Thomas Gasenzer🇩🇪

    We extend the theory of non-thermal fixed points to the case of anomalously slow universal scaling dynamics according to the sine-Gordon model. This entails the derivation of a kinetic equation for the momentum occupancy of the scalar field from a non-perturbative two-particle irreducible effective action, which re-sums a series of closed loop chains akin to a large-$N$ expansion at next-to-leading order. The resulting kinetic equation is analyzed for possible scaling solutions in space and time that are characterized by a set of universal scaling exponents and encode self-similar transport to low momenta. Assuming the momentum occupancy distribution to exhibit a scaling form we can determine the exponents by identifying the dominating contributions to the scattering integral and power counting. If the field exhibits strong variations across many wells of the cosine potential, the scattering integral is dominated by the scattering of many quasiparticles such that the momentum of each single participating mode is only weakly constrained. Remarkably, in this case, in contrast to wave turbulent cascades, which correspond to local transport in momentum space, our results suggest that kinetic scattering here is dominated by rather non-local processes corresponding to a spatial containment in position space. The corresponding universal correlation functions in momentum and position space corroborate this conclusion. Numerical simulations performed in accompanying work yield scaling properties close to the ones predicted here.

    ↳ cond-mat.quant-gashep-phnlin.PSPRA(2023)·11 citations
21. 21*

    Impact of generalized holonomy corrections on the cosmological primordial power spectra

    Maxime De Sousa🇫🇷 · Killian Martineau🇫🇷 · Cyril Renevey🇫🇷 · Aurélien Barrau🇫🇷

    The propagation of perturbations is studied with generalized holonomy corrections in a fully consistent way, ensuring that the deformed algebra of constraints remains closed. The primordial cosmological power spectra are calculated. It is shown that, although the detailed form of the correction does unavoidably impact the observables, the main known results of loop quantum cosmology are robust in this respect.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·10 citations
22. 22*

    Isovector Axial Form Factor of the Nucleon from Lattice QCD

    Jonna Koponen🇩🇪 · Dalibor Djukanovic🇩🇪 · Georg von Hippel🇩🇪 · Harvey B. Meyer🇩🇪 · Konstantin Ottnad🇩🇪 · Tobias Schulz🇩🇪 · Hartmut Wittig🇩🇪

    The isovector axial form factor of the nucleon plays a key role in interpreting data from long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. We present a lattice QCD calculation of this form factor, introducing a new method to directly extract its z-expansion from lattice correlators. Our final parameterization of the form factor, which extends up to spacelike virtualities of 0.7 GeV^2 with fully quantified uncertainties, agrees with previous lattice calculations but is significantly less steep than neutrino-deuterium scattering data suggests.

    ↳ hep-lathep-ph1 citation
23. 23*

    Search for ultralight axion dark matter in a side-band analysis of a 199Hg free-spin precession signal

    C. Abel🇬🇧 · N. J. Ayres🇨🇭 · G. Ban🇫🇷 · G. Bison🇨🇭 · K. Bodek🇵🇱 · V. Bondar🇨🇭 · E. Chanel🇨🇭 · C. B. Crawford🇺🇸 · M. Daum🇨🇭 · B. Dechenaux🇫🇷 · S. Emmenegger🇨🇭 · P. Flaux🇫🇷 and 26 other authors

    Ultra-low-mass axions are a viable dark matter candidate and may form a coherently oscillating classical field. Nuclear spins in experiments on Earth might couple to this oscillating axion dark-matter field, when propagating on Earth's trajectory through our Galaxy. This spin coupling resembles an oscillating pseudo-magnetic field which modulates the spin precession of nuclear spins. Here we report on the null result of a demonstration experiment searching for a frequency modulation of the free spin-precession signal of \magHg in a \SI{1}{\micro\tesla} magnetic field. Our search covers the axion mass range $10^{-16}\text{eV}\lesssim m_a\lesssim 10^{-13}\text{eV}$ and achieves a peak sensitivity to the axion-nucleon coupling of $g_{aNN}\approx 3.5\times 10^{-6}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phSciPost Phys.(2023)·25 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.