Wed·Oct 5, 2022Wednesday·October 5, 2022

1. 01*

   Energy conservation and axion back-reaction in a magnetic field

   Srimoyee Sen🇺🇸 · Lars Sivertsen🇺🇸

   Axion clumps in an external magnetic field can emit electromagnetic radiation which causes them to decay. In the presence of a plasma, such radiation can become resonant if the clump frequency matches the plasma frequency. Typically, the decay or back-reaction of the clump is ignored in the literature when analyzing such radiation. In this paper we present a self consistent, semi-analytic approach which captures axion back-reaction using energy conservation. We find that inclusion of back-reaction changes the clump frequency over time enabling clumps with a range of different initial frequencies to become resonant at some point in their time evolution.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJHEP(2023)·2 citations
2. 02*

   Applying Machine Learning Techniques To Intermediate-Length Cascade Decays

   Maaz Ul Haq🇺🇸 · Can Kilic🇺🇸 · Benjamin Lawrence-Sanderson🇺🇸 · Ram Purandhar Reddy Sudha🇺🇸

   In the collider phenomenology of extensions of the Standard Model with partner particles, cascade decays occur generically, and they can be challenging to discover when the spectrum of new particles is compressed and the signal cross section is low. Achieving discovery-level significance and measuring the properties of the new particles appearing as intermediate states in the cascade decays is a longstanding problem, with analysis techniques for some decay topologies already optimized. We focus our attention on a benchmark decay topology with four final state particles where there is room for improvement, and where multidimensional analysis techniques have been shown to be effective in the past. Using machine learning techniques, we identify the optimal kinematic observables for discovery, spin determination and mass measurement. In agreement with past work, we confirm that the kinematic observable ${\Delta }_4$ is highly effective. We quantify the achievable accuracy for spin determination and for the precision for mass measurements as a function of the signal size.

   hep-phPRD(2023)·1 citation
3. 03*

   Exponential Enhancement of Dark Matter Freezeout Abundance

   Bibhushan Shakya🇩🇪

   A novel paradigm for thermal dark matter (DM), termed "bouncing dark matter", is presented. In canonical thermal DM scenarios, the DM abundance falls exponentially as the temperature drops below the mass of DM, until thermal freezeout occurs. This note explores a broader class of thermal DM models that are exceptions to this rule, where the DM abundance can deviate from the exponentially falling curve, and even rise exponentially, while in thermal equilibrium. Such scenarios can feature present day DM annihilation cross sections much larger than the canonical thermal target, improving the prospects for indirect detection of DM annihilation signals.

   hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2023)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Dark matter indirect detection limits from complete annihilation patterns

   Celine Armand🇨🇭 · Björn Herrmann🇫🇷

   While cosmological and astrophysical probes suggest that dark matter would make up for 85% of the total matter content of the Universe, the determination of its nature remains one of the greatest challenges of fundamental physics. Assuming the $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model, Weakly Interacting Massive Particles would annihilate into Standard Model particles, yielding $\gamma$-rays, which could be detected by ground-based telescopes. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies represent promising targets for such indirect searches as they are assumed to be highly dark matter dominated with the absence of astrophysical sources nearby. Previous studies have led to upper limits on the annihilation cross-section assuming single exclusive annihilation channels. In this work, we consider a more realistic situation and take into account the complete annihilation pattern within a given particle physics model. This allows us to study the impact on the derived upper limits on the dark matter annihilation cross-section from a full annihilation pattern compared to the case of a single annihilation channel. We use mockdata for the Cherenkov Telescope Array simulating the observations of the promising dwarf spheroidal galaxy Sculptor. We show the impact of considering the full annihilation pattern within a simple framework where the Standard Model of particle physics is extended by a singlet scalar. Such a model shows new features in the shape of the predicted upper limit which reaches a value of $⟨\sigma v⟩=3.8\times 10^{-24}{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$ for a dark matter mass of 1 TeV at 95% confidence level. We suggest to consider the complete particle physics information in order to derive more realistic limits.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2022)·7 citations
5. 05*

   Electron-Photon Vertex and Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Reduced QED: An Advanced Study of Gauge Invariance

   L. Albino🇲🇽 · A. Bashir🇲🇽 · A.J. Mizher🇧🇷 · A. Raya🇲🇽

   We study the effect of a refined electron-photon vertex on the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry in reduced quantum electrodynamics. We construct an educated {\em ansatz} for this vertex which satisfies the required discrete symmetries under parity, time reversal and charge conjugation operations. Furthermore, it reproduces its asymptotic perturbative limit in the weak coupling regime and ensures the massless electron propagator is multiplicatively renormalizable in its leading logarithmic expansion. Employing this vertex {\em ansatz}, we solve the gap equation to compute dynamically generated electron mass whose dependence on the electromagnetic coupling is found to satisfy Miransky scaling law. We also investigate the gauge dependence of this dynamical mass as well as that of the critical coupling above which chiral symmetry is dynamically broken. As a litmus test of our vertex construction, both these quantities are rendered virtually gauge independent within a certain interval of values considered for the covariant gauge parameter.

   hep-phcond-mat.str-elhep-thPRD(2022)·17 citations
6. 06*

   Dark Matter decay to neutrinos

   Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Diyaselis Delgado🇺🇸 · Avi Friedlander🇨🇦 · Ali Kheirandish🇺🇸 · Ibrahim Safa🇺🇸 · Aaron C. Vincent🇨🇦 · Henry White🇨🇦

   It is possible that the strongest interactions between dark matter and the Standard Model occur via the neutrino sector. Unlike gamma rays and charged particles, neutrinos provide a unique avenue to probe for astrophysical sources of dark matter, since they arrive unimpeded and undeflected from their sources. Previously, we reported on annihilations of dark matter to neutrinos; here, we review constraints on the decay of dark matter into neutrinos over a range of dark matter masses from MeV to ZeV, compiling previously reported limits, exploring new electroweak corrections and computing constraints where none have been computed before. We examine the expected contributions to the neutrino flux at current and upcoming neutrino experiments as well as photons from electroweak emission expected at gamma-ray telescopes, leading to constraints on the dark matter decay lifetime, which ranges from $\tau \sim 1.2\times 10^{21}$ s at 10~MeV to $1.5\times 10^{29}$~s at 1~PeV.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exPRD(2023)·71 citations
7. 07*

   Sensitivities for coherent elastic scattering of solar and supernova neutrinos with future NaI(Tl) dark matter search detectors of COSINE-200/1T

   Young Ju Ko🇰🇷 · Hyun Su Lee🇰🇷

   We investigate the prospects for measuring the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering of solar and supernova neutrinos in future NaI(Tl) dark matter detection experiments. Considering the reduced background and improved light yield of the recently developed NaI(Tl) crystals, more than 3$\sigma$ observation sensitivities of the supernova neutrino within the Milky Way are demonstrated. In the case of the solar neutrino, approximately 3 observations are marginal with a 1 ton NaI(Tl) experiment assuming an order of magnitude reduced background, five photoelectron thresholds, and 5-year data exposure.

   hep-phhep-exAstropart.Phys.(2023)·10 citations
8. 08*

   Perturbative Unitarity of Strongly Interacting Massive Particle Models

   Ayuki Kamada🇵🇱 · Shin Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Takumi Kuwahara🇨🇳

   Dark pion is a promising candidate for the strongly interacting massive particle dark matter. A large pion self-coupling $m_{\pi }/f_{\pi }$ tends to be required for correct relic abundance, and hence the partial-wave amplitudes can violate the perturbative unitarity even for the coupling within naïve perturbative regime. We improve the partial-wave amplitudes in order to satisfy the optical theorem. We demonstrate that the improvement is relevant only for semi-relativistic pions, and thus this does not affect the self-scattering cross section at the cosmic structures. We also discuss the impact of the improvement of the $\pi \pi \pi \to \pi \pi$ scattering process, and we find that there is an upper bound on $m_{\pi }$ at which the correct relic abundance is never achieved even at large $m_{\pi }/f_{\pi }$ due to the optical theorem.

   hep-phJHEP(2023)·19 citations
9. 09*

   On the possible implications of Dark Matter in the rings of Saturn: a conjecture

   Alexandre Ciulli🇫🇷 · Sorin Ciulli🇫🇷

   In this article we discuss some consequences of the well-known proposition of Fritz Zwicky [1], published in the nineteen thirties, that Dark Matter `mimics' the inertia-gravitational behaviour of usual matter. In particular, we consider some special dynamical regions such as those of the Ring Systems of the gaseous giants at the edge of the Planetary System. This article is a continuation of an earlier paper [2], where it was shown that gravitationally interacting particles may remain near the Lagrange Points L4 and L5 for many thousands of years. This provides enough time for the Dark Matter, if present there, to interact with the usual matter. We discuss also a number of questions related to places which might be considered singular in the mathematical sense.

   hep-phastro-ph.EPgr-qcmath-ph+10 citations
10. 10*

    Bulk Strong Matter: the Trinity

    Xiaoyu Lai🇨🇳 · Chengjun Xia🇨🇳 · Renxin Xu🇨🇳

    Our world is wonderful because of the normal but negligibly small baryonic part (i.e., atoms) although unknown dark matter and dark energy dominate the Universe. A stable atomic nucleus could be simply termed as ``strong matter'' since its nature is dominated by the fundamental strong interaction. Is there any other form of strong matter? Although nuclei are composed of 2-flavoured (i.e., up and down flavours of valence quarks) nucleons, it is conjectured that bulk strong matter could be 3-flavoured (with additional strange quarks) if the baryon number exceeds the critical value, $A_{\mathrm{c}}$, in which case quarks could be either free (so-called strange quark matter) or localized (in strangeons, coined by combining ``strange nucleon''). Bulk strong matter could be manifested in the form of compact stars, cosmic rays, and even dark matter. This trinity will be explained in this brief review, that may impact dramatically on today's physics, particularly in the era of multi-messenger astronomy after the discovery of gravitational wave.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEAdv.Phys.X(2022)·18 citations
11. 11*

    Reply to "Comment on "Damping of neutrino oscillations, decoherence and the lengths of neutrino wave packets""

    Evgeny Akhmedov🇩🇪 · Alexei Y. Smirnov🇩🇪

    In arXiv:2209.00561 our treatment arXiv:2208.03736 of effects of particles emitted together with neutrinos on neutrino wave packets is criticized on several grounds. We show here that this criticism is based on misinterpretation of our results and is invalid. Our conclusions and, in particular, the conclusion that neutrino wave packet separation effects are unobservable in reactor and neutrino source experiments, remain unchanged.

    hep-ph9 citations
12. 12*

    Anisotropic ionization threshold and directional sensitivity in solid state DM detectors

    Matti Heikinheimo🇫🇮 · Sebastian Sassi🇫🇮 · Kimmo Tuominen🇫🇮 · Kai Nordlund🇫🇮 · Nader Mirabolfathi🇺🇸

    The threshold displacement energy for nuclear recoils depends strongly on the direction of the recoiling nucleus with respect to the crystal lattice. Assuming that similar dependence holds for the ionization threshold for low energy nuclear recoils, we explore the consequences of the resulting directional dependence of the observable event rate in ionization detectors. For low mass dark matter, this effect leads to a daily modulation in the event rate. We discuss how this effect can be utilized to separate the DM signal from the solar neutrino background and how the structure of the modulation signal can be used to identify the type of the DM-nucleon coupling.

    hep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2023)·1 citation
13. 13*

    Calculation of mass and width of unstable molecular state using the developed Bethe-Salpeter theory

    Xiaozhao Chen🇨🇳 · Xiaofu Lü🇨🇳 · Xiurong Guo🇨🇳 · Zonghua Shi🇨🇳 · Qingbiao Wang🇨🇳

    Applying the developed Bethe-Salpeter theory for dealing with resonance, we investigate the time evolution of molecular state composed of two vector mesons as determined by the total Hamiltonian. Then exotic meson resonance ${\chi }_{c0}(3915)$ is considered as a mixed state of two unstable molecular states $D^{\ast 0}{\bar{D}}^{\ast 0}$ and $D^{\ast +}{D}^{\ast -}$, and the mass and width for physical resonance ${\chi }_{c0}(3915)$ are calculated in the framework of relativistic quantum field theory. In this actual calculation, we minutely show how to obtain the correction for energy level of resonance and to exhibit the key features of dispersion relation in an extended Feynman diagram. The numerical results are consistent with the experimental values.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2023)·3 citations
14. 14*

    An extended study on the supersymmetric SO(10) models with natural doublet-triplet splitting

    Qian Wan🇨🇳 · Da-Xin Zhang🇨🇳

    In the supersymmetric SO(10) models, the doublet-triplet splitting problem can be solved through the Dimopoulos-Wilczek mechanism. This mechanism is extended in the non-renormalizable version. Improvement on the realistic model is also made.

    hep-ph4 citations
15. 15*

    Electromagnetic Probes: Theory and Experiment

    Ralf-Arno Tripolt🇩🇪 · Frank Geurts🇺🇸

    We review the current state of research on electromagnetic probes in the context of heavy-ion collisions. The focus is on thermal photons and dileptons which provide unique insights into the properties of the created hot and dense matter. This review is intended to provide an introductory overview of the topic as well as a discussion of recent theoretical and experimental results. In particular, we discuss the role of vector-meson spectral functions in the calculation of photon and dilepton rates and present recent results obtained from different frameworks. Furthermore, we will highlight the special role of photons and dileptons to provide information on observables such as the temperature, the lifetime, the polarization and the electrical conductivity of the produced medium as well as their use to learn about chiral symmetry restoration and phase transitions.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thPPNP(2023)·48 citations
16. 16*

    Mergers as a Probe of Particle Dark Matter

    Anupam Ray🇮🇳

    Black holes below Chandrasekhar mass limit (1.4 $M_{\odot }$) can not be produced via any standard stellar evolution. Recently, gravitational wave experiments have also discovered unusually low mass black holes whose origin is yet to be known. We propose a simple yet novel formation mechanism of such low mass black holes. Non-annihilating particle dark matter, owing to their interaction with stellar nuclei, can gradually accumulate inside compact stars, and eventually swallows them to low mass black holes, ordinarily impermissible by the Chandrasekhar limit. We point out several avenues to test this proposal, concentrating on the cosmic evolution of the binary merger rates.

    hep-phastro-ph.COSciPost Phys.Proc.(2023)·0 citations
17. 17*

    Extraction of Pion Transverse Momentum Distributions from Drell-Yan data

    Matteo Cerutti🇮🇹 · Lorenzo Rossi🇮🇹 · Simone Venturini🇮🇹 · Alessandro Bacchetta🇮🇹 · Valerio Bertone🇫🇷 · Chiara Bissolotti🇺🇸 · Marco Radici🇮🇹

    We map the distribution of unpolarized quarks inside a unpolarized pion as a function of the quark's transverse momentum, encoded in unpolarized Transverse Momentum Distributions (TMDs). We extract the pion TMDs from available data of unpolarized pion-nucleus Drell-Yan processes, where the cross section is differential in the lepton-pair transverse momentum. In the cross section, pion TMDs are convoluted with nucleon TMDs that we consistently take from our previous studies. We obtain a fairly good agreement with data. We present also predictions for pion-nucleus scattering that is being measured by the COMPASS Collaboration.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·50 citations
18. 18*

    Snowmass 2021 Cross Frontier Report: Dark Matter Complementarity (Extended Version)

    Antonio Boveia🇺🇸 · Mohamed Berkat🇸🇪 · Thomas Y. Chen🇺🇸 · Aman Desai · Caterina Doglioni🇸🇪 · Alex Drlica-Wagner🇺🇸 · Susan Gardner🇺🇸 · Stefania Gori🇺🇸 · Joshua Greaves🇸🇪 · Patrick Harding🇺🇸 · Philip C. Harris🇺🇸 · W. Hugh Lippincott🇺🇸 and 15 other authors

    The fundamental nature of Dark Matter is a central theme of the Snowmass 2021 process, extending across all frontiers. In the last decade, advances in detector technology, analysis techniques and theoretical modeling have enabled a new generation of experiments and searches while broadening the types of candidates we can pursue. Over the next decade, there is great potential for discoveries that would transform our understanding of dark matter. In the following, we outline a road map for discovery developed in collaboration among the frontiers. A strong portfolio of experiments that delves deep, searches wide, and harnesses the complementarity between techniques is key to tackling this complicated problem, requiring expertise, results, and planning from all Frontiers of the Snowmass 2021 process.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exhep-th30 citations
19. 19*

    Light Dark Matter Accumulating in Planets: Nuclear Scattering

    Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · Jason Kumar🇺🇸 · Gopolang Mohlabeng🇺🇸 · Nirmal Raj🇨🇦 · Ningqiang Song🇨🇦

    We present, for the first time, a complete treatment of strongly-interacting dark matter capture in planets, taking Earth as an example. We focus on light dark matter and the heating of Earth by dark matter annihilation, addressing a number of crucial dynamical processes which have been overlooked, such as the "ping-pong effect" during dark matter capture. We perform full Monte-Carlo simulations and obtain improved bounds on strongly-interacting dark matter from Earth heating and direct detection experiments for both spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions, while also allowing for the interacting species to make up a sub-component of the cosmological dark matter.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.EPPRD(2023)·42 citations
20. 20*

    Cosmic-ray boosted dark matter in Xe-based direct detection experiments

    Tarak Nath Maity🇮🇳 · Ranjan Laha🇮🇳

    LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) collaboration has achieved the strongest constraint on weak-scale dark matter (DM)-nucleon spin-independent (SI) scattering cross section in a large region of parameter space. In this paper, we take a complementary approach and study the prospect of detecting cosmic-ray boosted sub-GeV DM in LZ. In the absence of a signal for DM, we improve upon the previous constraints by a factor of $\sim 2$ using the LZ result for some regions of the parameter space. We also show that upcoming XENONnT and future Darwin experiments will be sensitive to cross sections smaller by factors of $\sim 3$ and $\sim 10$ compared to the current LZ limit, respectively.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exEPJC(2024)·54 citations
21. 21*

    Exploring extended Higgs sectors via pair production at the LHC

    G. Cacciapaglia🇫🇷 · T. Flacke🇰🇷 · M. Kunkel🇩🇪 · W. Porod🇩🇪 · L. Schwarze🇩🇪

    Higgs sectors extended by electroweakly charged scalars can be explored by scalar pair production at the LHC. We consider a fermiophobic scenario, with decays into a pair of gauge bosons, and a fermiophilic one, with decays into top and bottom quarks. After establishing the current bounds on simplified models, we focus on an SU(5)/SO(5) composite Higgs model. This first exploration demonstrates the need for dedicated searches at current and future colliders.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·18 citations
22. 22*

    Bridging Positivity and S-matrix Bootstrap Bounds

    Joan Elias Miro🇮🇹 · Andrea Guerrieri🇮🇱 · Mehmet Asim Gumus🇮🇹

    The main objective of this work is to isolate Effective Field Theory scattering amplitudes in the space of non-perturbative two-to-two amplitudes, using the S-matrix Bootstrap. We do so by introducing the notion of Effective Field Theory cutoff in the S-matrix Bootstrap approach. We introduce a number of novel numerical techniques and improvements both for the primal and the linearized dual approach. We perform a detailed comparison of the full unitarity bounds with those obtained using positivity and linearized unitarity. Moreover, we discuss the notion of Spin-Zero and UV dominance along the boundary of the allowed amplitude space by introducing suitable observables. Finally, we show that this construction also leads to novel bounds on operators of dimension less than or equal to six.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2023)·84 citations
23. 23*

    Energy loss due to defect creation in solid state detectors

    Matti Heikinheimo🇫🇮 · Sebastian Sassi🇫🇮 · Kimmo Tuominen🇫🇮 · Kai Nordlund🇫🇮 · Nader Mirabolfathi🇺🇸

    The threshold displacement energy in solid state detector materials varies from several eV to ~100 eV. If a stable or long lived defect is created as a result of a nuclear recoil event, some part of the recoil energy is stored in the deformed lattice and is therefore not observable in a phonon detector. Thus, an accurate model of this effect is necessary for precise calibration of the recoil energy measurement in low threshold phonon detectors. Furthermore, the sharpness of the defect creation threshold varies between materials. For a hard material such as diamond, the sharp threshold will cause a sudden onset of the energy loss effect, resulting in a prominent peak in the observed recoil spectrum just below the threshold displacement energy. We describe how this effect can be used to discriminate between nuclear and electron recoils using just the measured recoil spectrum.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-phSciPost Phys.Proc.(2023)·1 citation
24. 24*

    Search for exotic interactions of solar neutrinos in the CDEX-10 experiment

    X. P. Geng🇨🇳 · L. T. Yang🇨🇳 · Q. Yue🇨🇳 · K. J. Kang🇨🇳 · Y. J. Li🇨🇳 · H. P. An🇨🇳 · Greeshma C.🇹🇼 · J. P. Chang🇨🇳 · Y. H. Chen🇨🇳 · J. P. Cheng🇨🇳 · W. H. Dai🇨🇳 · Z. Deng🇨🇳 and 73 other authors

    We investigate exotic neutrino interactions using the 205.4 kg$\cdot$day dataset from the CDEX-10 experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. New constraints on the mass and couplings of new gauge bosons are presented. Two nonstandard neutrino interactions are considered: a $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ gauge-boson-induced interaction between an active neutrino and electron/nucleus, and a dark-photon-induced interaction between a sterile neutrino and electron/nucleus via kinetic mixing with a photon. This work probes an unexplored parameter space involving sterile neutrino coupling with a dark photon. New laboratory limits are derived on dark photon masses below $1\mathrm{eV}/c^2$ at some benchmark values of $\Delta m_{41}^2$ and $g^{\prime 2}{\sin }^{2}2{\theta }_{14}$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-detPRD(2023)·17 citations
25. 25*

    New Machine Learning Techniques for Simulation-Based Inference: InferoStatic Nets, Kernel Score Estimation, and Kernel Likelihood Ratio Estimation

    Kyoungchul Kong🇺🇸 · Konstantin T. Matchev🇺🇸 · Stephen Mrenna🇺🇸 · Prasanth Shyamsundar🇺🇸

    We propose an intuitive, machine-learning approach to multiparameter inference, dubbed the InferoStatic Networks (ISN) method, to model the score and likelihood ratio estimators in cases when the probability density can be sampled but not computed directly. The ISN uses a backend neural network that models a scalar function called the inferostatic potential $\phi$. In addition, we introduce new strategies, respectively called Kernel Score Estimation (KSE) and Kernel Likelihood Ratio Estimation (KLRE), to learn the score and the likelihood ratio functions from simulated data. We illustrate the new techniques with some toy examples and compare to existing approaches in the literature. We mention en passant some new loss functions that optimally incorporate latent information from simulations into the training procedure.

    ↳ stat.MLcs.LGhep-exhep-phSciPost Phys.Codeb.(2023)·12 citations
26. 26*

    Gravothermal collapse of Self-Interacting Dark Matter halos as the Origin of Intermediate Mass Black Holes in Milky Way satellites

    Tamar Meshveliani (1) · Jesús Zavala (1) · Mark R. Lovell (1) · ((1) University of Iceland)

    Milky Way (MW) satellites exhibit a diverse range of internal kinematics, reflecting in turn a diverse set of subhalo density profiles. These profiles include large cores and dense cusps, which any successful dark matter model must explain simultaneously. A plausible driver of such diversity is self-interactions between dark matter particles (SIDM) if the cross section passes the threshold for the gravothermal collapse phase at the characteristic velocities of the MW satellites. In this case, some of the satellites are expected to be hosted by subhalos that are still in the classical SIDM core phase, while those in the collapse phase would have cuspy inner profiles, with a SIDM-driven intermediate mass black hole (IMBH) in the centre as a consequence of the runaway collapse. We develop an analytical framework that takes into account the cosmological assembly of halos and is calibrated to previous simulations; we then predict the timescales and mass scales ($M_{\mathrm{BH}}$) for the formation of IMBHs in velocity-dependent SIDM (vdSIDM) models as a function of the present-day halo mass, $M_0$. Finally, we estimate the region in the parameter space of the effective cross section and $M_0$ for a subclass of vdSIDM models that result in a diverse MW satellite population, as well as their corresponding fraction of SIDM-collapsed halos and those halos' inferred IMBH masses. We predict the latter to be in the range $0.1-1000{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ with a $M_{\mathrm{BH}}-M_0$ relation that has a similar slope, but lower normalization, than the extrapolated empirical relation of super-massive black holes found in massive galaxies.

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2023)·27 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.