Fri·May 6, 2022Friday·May 6, 2022

1. 01*

   Inverse Tritium Beta Decay with Relic Neutrinos, Solar Neutrinos, and a 51Cr Source

   Jen-Chieh Peng🇺🇸 · Gordon Baym🇺🇸

   The inverse tritium beta decay (ITBD) reaction, ${\nu }_e{+}^3$H $\to e^{-}{+}^3$He, is a promising experimental tool for observing relic neutrinos created in the early Universe. This reaction has been selected by the PTOLEMY experiment for the search of relic neutrinos. Despite its potential, the ITBD reaction induced by any sources of neutrinos has yet to be observed. We show that an intense ${}^{51}$Cr radioactive neutrino source is suitable for observing the ITBD reaction for the first time. As the Sun is another source of intense electron neutrinos, we also examine the ITBD reaction rate from solar neutrinos. Based on our recent studies on the evolution of the helicity of relic neutrinos, we further present the ITBD rate for capturing relic neutrinos as a function of neutrino mass hierarchy, the Dirac versus Majorana nature of neutrino, and the mass of the lightest neutrino.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exnucl-exPRD(2022)·4 citations
2. 02*

   Exclusive vector meson productions with the analytical solution of Balitsky-Kovchegov Equation

   Xiaopeng Wang🇨🇳 · Wei Kou🇨🇳 · Gang Xie🇨🇳 · Yaping Xie🇨🇳 · Xurong Chen🇨🇳

   Exclusive vector meson production is an excellent probe for describing the structure of proton. In this paper, based on dipole model, the differential cross sections, total cross sections and the ratios of the longitudinal to transverse cross sections of $J/\psi$ and ${\rho }^0$ productions are calculated with the analytical solution of Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. In addition, we also consider the influences of two meson wave function models on the results. Our predictions, which are little sensitive to meson wave functions, agree with the experimental data. The analytical solution of BK equation is reliable for description of exclusive vector meson production in a certain range of $Q^2$.

   hep-phCPC(2022)·8 citations
3. 03*

   $\Lambda /\bar{\Lambda }$ Polarization and Splitting Induced by Rotation and Magnetic Field

   Kun Xu🇨🇳 · Fan Lin🇨🇳 · Anping Huang🇨🇳 · Mei Huang🇨🇳

   The global polarization of $\Lambda /\bar{\Lambda }$ and the splitting of $\bar{\Lambda }-\Lambda$ polarization induced by rotation and magnetic field has been investigated in a dynamical quark model by taking into account the axial vector interaction and the anomalous magnetic moment of quarks. It is found that the rotation leads to the spin polarization of quarks and anti-quarks with the same sign, while the magnetic field to opposite sign, which corresponds to the $\bar{\Lambda }-\Lambda$ polarization splitting. The combination of the two effects leads to perfect agreement with experiment data. Quantitatively, the axial vector spin polarization contributes 30$\%$ of the global polarization and the anomalous magnetic moment of quarks contributes 40$\%$ to the splitting of $\bar{\Lambda }-\Lambda$ polarization. However, at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\le 7.7\text{GeV}$, it still remains a challenge to reach enough magnitude of the magnetic field at freeze-out.

   hep-phPRD(2022)·37 citations
4. 04*

   Testing the Ampère-Maxwell law on the photon mass and Lorentz-Poincaré symmetry violation with MMS multi-spacecraft data

   Alessandro D.A.M. Spallicci🇫🇷 · Giuseppe Sarracino🇮🇹 · Orélien Randriamboarison🇫🇷 · José A. Helayël-Neto🇧🇷 · Abedennour Dib🇫🇷

   We investigate possible evidence from Extended Theories of Electro-Magnetism by looking for deviations from the Ampère-Maxwell law. The photon, main messenger for interpreting the universe, is the only free massless particle in the Standard-Model (SM). Indeed, the deviations may be due to a photon mass for the de Broglie-Proca (dBP) theory or the Lorentz Symmetry Violation (LSV) in the SM Extension (SME), but also to non-linearities from theories as of Born-Infeld, Heisenberg-Euler. With this aim, we have analysed six years of data of the Magnetospheric Multi-Scale mission, which is a four-satellite constellation, crossing mostly turbulent regions of magnetic reconnection and collecting about $95\%$ of the downloaded data, outside the solar wind. We examined 3.8 million data points from the solar wind, magnetosheath, and magnetosphere regions. In a minority of cases, for the highest time resolution burst data and optimal tetrahedron configurations drawn by the four spacecraft, deviations have been found ($2.2\%$ in modulus and $4.8\%$ in Cartesian components for all regions, but raising up in the solar wind alone to $20.8\%$ in modulus and $29.7\%$ in Cartesian components and up to 45.2\% in the extreme low-mass range). The deviations might be due to unaccounted experimental errors or, less likely, to non-Maxwellian contributions, for which we have inferred the related parameters for the dBP and SME cases. Possibly, we are at the boundaries of measurability for non-dedicated missions. We discuss our experimental results (upper limit of photon mass of $2.1\times 10^{-51}$ kg, and of the LSV parameter $|{\vec{k}}^{\mathrm{AF}}|$ of $6\times 10^{-9}$ m${}^{-1}$), as the deviations in the solar wind, versus more stringent but model-dependent limits.

   hep-phhep-thphysics.plasm-phphysics.space-phEPJC(2024)·13 citations
5. 05*

   Hydrodynamic backreaction force of cosmological bubble expansion

   Shao-Jiang Wang🇨🇳 · Zi-Yan Yuwen🇨🇳

   As a promising probe for the new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics in the early Universe, the predictions for the stochastic gravitational wave background from a cosmological first-order phase transition heavily rely on the bubble wall velocity determined by the bubble expansion dynamics. The bubble expansion dynamics is governed by the competition between the driving force from the effective potential difference and the backreaction force from a sum of the thermal force and friction force induced by the temperature jumping and out-of-equilibrium effects across the bubble wall, respectively. In this paper, we propose a hydrodynamic evaluation on this total backreaction force for a non-runaway steady-state bubble expansion, which, after evaluated at the wall interface, exactly reproduces the pressure difference ${\Delta }_{\mathrm{wall}}[({\bar{\gamma }}^2-1)w]$ obtained previously from the junction condition of the total energy-momentum tensor at the wall interface, where $w$ is the enthalpy and $\bar{\gamma }\equiv (1-{\bar{v}}^2{)}^{-1/2}$ is the Lorentz factor of the wall-frame fluid velocity $\bar{v}$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2023)·38 citations
6. 06*

   Tests of the parametrizations of Fragmentation Functions using data on inclusive pion and kaon production in unpolarized $pp$ collisions from the STAR collaboration and at the NICA project

   D. Kotlorz🇵🇱 · E. Christova🇧🇬 · E. Leader🇬🇧

   The goal of this study is to check which, if any, of the published versions of the pion and kaon fragmentation functions is compatible with the STAR data on semi-inclusive pion and kaon production in proton-proton collisions, and on the basis of this analysis to make reliable predictions for the $p_T$ spectra of the pions and kaons in inclusive pion and kaon production at the future NICA proton-proton collider. The calculations are carried out in next-to-leading order (NLO) of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD), using the well tested CTEQ6 parton distributions. We consider the following pion and kaon fragmentation functions (FFs) -- DSEHS-14, DSEHS-17, LSS-15, HKNS-07 and AKK-08. Our analysis shows that within the experimental errors all tested sets of fragmentation functions provide a good fit to STAR data at the c.m. energy $\sqrt{S}=200\mathrm{GeV}$, and the best ones are both LSS-15 and DSEHS-14 for pions and DSEHS-17 for kaons. From comparison of the LO and NLO results it is clear that the latter fit data much better, specially in the region of small $p_T$. The NLO cross sections are also less scale-$Q^2$ dependent, where $p_T/2⩽Q⩽2p_T$, than the LO ones. In order to make predictions for NICA energies, we compare the NLO pQCD results with the existing experimental BES STAR data on semi-inclusive hadron production in the most peripheral Au+Au collisions where the nuclear effects can be neglected. The comparison for lower energy scales, like at NICA, shows that a purely pQCD approach is inadequate and suggests the necessity to take into account also higher-order effects of initial-state soft-gluon radiation. Nevertheless, these data on the $p_T$ spectra of ${\pi }^{+}$, $K^{+}$ and also the ratios ${\pi }^{-}/{\pi }^{+}$ and $K^{-}/K^{+}$ seem favour LSS-15 and DSEHS-14 FFs for pions and DSEHS-17 for kaons, similarly as at the energy scale $\sqrt{S}=200\mathrm{GeV}$.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2023)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Study of isospin eigenstates of the pentaquark molecular states with strangeness

   Xiu-Wu Wang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳

   In the paper, we construct eight color singlet-singlet type five-quark currents with distinguished isospins to study the $\bar{D}{\Xi }^{\prime }$, $\bar{D}{\Xi }_c^{\ast }$, ${\bar{D}}^{\ast }{\Xi }_c^{\prime }$ and ${\bar{D}}^{\ast }{\Xi }_c^{\ast }$ molecular states with strangeness via the QCD sum rules. Numerical results show that the central values of the pentaquark masses with higher (lower) isospin are slightly above (below) the thresholds of the corresponding meson-baryon pairs, and support assigning the $P_{cs}(4459)$ as the $\bar{D}{\Xi }_c^{\ast }$ molecular state with the quantum numbers $I{J}^P=0{\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$. The other predictions can be confronted to the experimental data in the future.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2022)·29 citations
8. 08*

   Neutrino Mixing and Leptogenesis in a $L_e-L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ model

   Giorgio Arcadi🇮🇹 · Simone Marciano🇮🇹 · Davide Meloni🇮🇹

   We present a simple extension of the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos in a SUSY framework, with an additional U(1${)}_{\text{F}}$ abelian flavor symmetry with a non standard leptonic charge $L_e-L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ for lepton doublets and arbitrary right-handed charges. We show that the model is able to reproduce the experimental values of the mixing angles of the PMNS matrix and of the $r=\Delta m_{\text{sun}}^2/\Delta m_{\text{atm}}^2$ ratio, with only a moderate fine tuning of the Lagrangian free parameters. The baryon asymmetry of the Universe is generated via thermal leptogenesis through CP-violating decays of the heavy right-handed neutrinos. We present a detailed numerical solution of the relevant Boltzmann equation accounting for the impact of the distribution of the asymmetry in the various lepton flavors.

   hep-phEPJC(2023)·9 citations
9. 09*

   Long-range parity non-conserving electron-nucleon interaction

   V. A. Dzuba🇦🇺 · V. V. Flambaum🇦🇺 · P. Munro-Laylim🇦🇺

   As known, electron vacuum polarization by nuclear Coulomb field produces Uehling potential with the range $\hslash /2m_{e}c$. Similarly, neutrino vacuum polarization by $Z$ boson field produces long range potential $\sim G^2/r^5$ with the large range $\hslash /2m_{\nu }c$. Attempts to measure parity-conserving part of this potential produced only limits on this potential which are several orders of magnitude higher than the standard model predictions. We show that parity non-conserving (PNC) part of the neutrino exchange potential $W_L(r)$ gives a significant fraction of the observed PNC effects. Mixed $Z-\gamma$ electron vacuum polarization produces PNC potential with range $\hslash /2m_{e}c$, which exceeds the range of the weak interaction by five orders of magnitude. We calculate contribution of the long-range PNC potentials to the nuclear spin independent and nuclear spin dependent PNC effects. The cases of the single-isotope PNC effects and the ratio of PNC effects in different isotopes are considered for Ca, Cs, Ba, Sm, Dy, Yb, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Fr, Ra atoms and ions. Contributions of the long-range PNC potentials ($\sim$1\%) significantly exceed experimental error (0.35\%) for PNC effect in Cs.

   hep-phphysics.atom-phPRA(2022)·10 citations
10. 10*

    The two-channel exotic charmonium-like resonances in the mass region $(3900-4700)$ MeV

    A.M.Badalian🇷🇺 · Yu.A.Simonov🇷🇺

    The resonances, containing $c\bar{c}$ plus $s\bar{s}$ (or light $q\bar{q}$) quarks in the mass region $(3900-4700)$ MeV, are analyzed in the relativistic strong coupling theory, with and without channel coupling phenomena. The conventional charmonium spectrum is presented, being calculated with the relativistic string Hamiltonian, which does not contain fitting parameters, while for high excitations the universal flattened confining potential is used. It is shown that $X(4274),X(4500),X(4700)$ can be identified as $3{}^3{P}_1,4{}^3{P}_0,5{}^3{P}_0$ states. The exotic states are considered using the coupled-channel (recoupling) theory, when two mesons $m_1,m_2$ transfer into another two mesons $m_3,m_4$ and back (infinite number of times), creating the four-quark systems. The resonances $X(3875),X(3915),Z_{cs}(3985),X(4140)$ can be explained in this way as the exotic four-quark states in the $S$-wave decay channels.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·8 citations
11. 11*

    Electromagnetic Couplings of Axions

    Anton V. Sokolov🇩🇪 · Andreas Ringwald🇩🇪

    We show that, contrary to assertions in the literature, the main contribution to the axion-photon coupling need not be quantized in the units proportional to $e^2$. In particular, we discuss a loophole in the argument for this quantization and then provide explicit counterexamples. Hence, we construct a generic axion-photon effective Lagrangian and find that the axion-photon coupling may be dominated by previously unknown Wilson coefficients. We show that this result implies a significant modification of conventional axion electrodynamics and sets new targets for axion experiments. At the core of our theoretical analysis lies a critical reexamination of the interactions between axions and magnetic monopoles. We show that, contrary to claims in the literature, magnetic monopoles need not give mass to axions. Moreover, we find that a future detection of an axion or axion-like particle with certain parameters can serve as evidence for the existence of magnetically charged matter.

    hep-phhep-exhep-th45 citations
12. 12*

    Phase shifts of the light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson scattering in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory

    Bo-Lin Huang🇨🇳 · Zi-Yang Lin🇨🇳 · Kan Chen🇨🇳 · Shi-Lin Zhu🇨🇳

    We calculate the complete $T$ matrices of the elastic light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson scattering to the third order in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory. We determine the low-energy constants by fitting the phase shifts and scattering lengths from lattice QCD simulations simultaneously and predict the phase shifts at the physical meson masses. The phase shifts in the $D\pi (I=1/2)$, $DK(I=0)$, $D\bar{K}(I=0)$, $D_s\bar{K}$, $D\eta$ and $D_s\eta$ $S$ waves are so strong that bound states or resonances may be generated dynamically in all these channels. The $DK(I=0)$ channel corresponds to the well-known exotic state $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$. The $DK(I=0)$ channel corresponds to the well-known exotic state $D_{s0}^{\ast }(2317)$. The coupled-channel $D\pi$, $D\eta$ and $D_s\bar{K}$ scattering corresponds to $D_0^{\ast }(2400)$. The coupled-channel $D\pi$, $D\eta$ and $D_s\bar{K}$ scattering corresponds to $D_0^{\ast }(2400)$. We also predict the scattering lengths and scattering volumes and observe good convergence in the scattering volumes. Our calculations provide a possibility to accurately investigate the exotic state in the light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson interactions.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thEPJC(2023)·7 citations
13. 13*

    The next-to-leading order Higgs impact factor in the infinite top-mass limit

    Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇮🇹 · Michael Fucilla🇮🇹 · Dmitry Yu. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Mohammed M. A. Mohammed🇮🇹 · Alessandro Papa🇮🇹

    We calculate the next-to-leading order correction to the impact factor (vertex) for the production of a forward Higgs boson, obtained in the infinite top-mass limit. We present the result both in the momentum representation and as superposition of the eigenfunctions of the leading-order BFKL kernel. This impact factor is a necessary ingredient for the description of the inclusive hadroproduction of a forward Higgs in the limit of small Bjorken $x$, as well as for the study of inclusive forward emissions of a Higgs boson in association with a backward identified object.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·60 citations
14. 14*

    Intuitive method for constructing effective field theories

    J. Hirvonen🇫🇮

    We derive a novel method for constructing effective field theories. Physically, the method is very close to the intuition behind effective field theories: One can integrate out the heavier scale directly from the path integral. We give a detailed recipe for the effective field theory construction, which is nearly identical to the construction of the so-called 1PI effective action. We also demonstrate the equivalence of the novel method to the commonly used procedure of matching Green's functions.

    hep-ph23 citations
15. 15*

    Study for a model-independent pole determination of overlapping resonances

    Daniele Binosi🇮🇹 · Alessandro Pilloni🇮🇹 · Ralf-Arno Tripolt🇩🇪

    We apply a model-independent reconstruction method to experimental data in order to identify complex poles of overlapping resonances. The algorithm is based on the Schlessinger Point Method where data points are interpolated using a continued-fraction expression. Statistical uncertainties of the experimental data are propagated with resampling. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method, we apply it to the $S$-wave $J/\psi \to \gamma {\pi }^0{\pi }^0$ decay. We benchmark the method on known analytic models, which allows us to estimate the deviation from the true value. We then perform the pole extraction from BESIII data, and identify the $f_0(1500)$, $f_0(1710)$, and $f_0(2020)$ scalar states. Our results are in reasonable agreement with recent results, which suggests the proposed method as a promising model-independent alternative for the determination of resonance poles that is solely based on available experimental data.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thPLB(2023)·19 citations
16. 16*

    Transverse momentum distributions of valence quark in light and heavy vector mesons

    Chao Shi🇨🇳 · Jicheng Li🇨🇳 · Ming Li🇨🇳 · Xurong Chen🇨🇳 · Wenbao Jia🇨🇳

    We study the leading-twist time-reversal even transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) of light and heavy vector mesons, i.e., the $\rho$, $J/\psi$ and ${\rm Y}$. We employ the leading Fock-state light front wave functions (LF-LFWFs) of $\rho$ and $J/\psi$ from our recent study, and supplement with ${\rm Y}$'s LF-LFWFs. These LF-LFWFs are extracted from dynamically solved Bethe-Salpeter wave functions. The vector meson TMDs are then studied with the light front overlap representation at leading Fock-state. All the obtained TMDs are non-vanishing and evolve with current quark mass, in particular the tensor polarized TMDs $f_{1LT}$ and $f_{1TT}$ which undergo a sign flip. The $\rho$ TMDs are compared with other model studies and agreement is found, aside from $f_{1LT}$ and $f_{1TT}$. Finally, the collinear PDFs of vector mesons are studied. The $\rho$'s valence PDFs $f_{1,v}(x)$ and $g_{1L,v}(x)$ are evolved to the scale of 2.4 GeV, with their first three moments compared to lattice QCD prediction. The qualitative behavior of tensor polarized PDF $f_{1LL}(x)$ in $\rho$ at large $x$ is also discussed.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·20 citations
17. 17*

    On the NLO QCD Corrections to Gluon-Initiated ZH Production

    Giuseppe Degrassi🇮🇹 · Ramona Gröber🇮🇹 · Marco Vitti🇮🇹 · Xiaoran Zhao🇮🇹

    We compute the QCD corrections at next-to-leading order for the process $gg\to ZH$, including both the virtual two-loop terms and real-emission contributions. The two-loop box diagrams in the virtual corrections are approximated analytically over the complete phase space, combining the results of an expansion in the limit of small transverse momentum and an expansion in the regime of high energy. We obtain both inclusive and differential results for the cross section. We find that the NLO QCD corrections are of the same size as the LO contribution up to $ZH$ invariant masses close to 1 TeV, but they increase significantly when higher energies are considered, due to a class of real-emission diagrams in which the $Z$ boson is radiated from an open quark line. Finally, we estimate the uncertainty due to the renormalization scheme used for the top-quark mass both on the total and differential cross section.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·35 citations
18. 18*

    Mass distributions of dijet resonances from excited quarks at proton-proton colliders

    Emine Gurpinar Guler🇯🇵 · Yalcin Guler🇹🇷 · Robert M. Harris🇺🇸

    We study the expected experimental mass distributions of dijet resonances from excited quarks in proton-proton collisions at energies $\sqrt{s}=$ 13, 14, 27, 100, 300, and 500 TeV. We explore in detail the expected shapes at both the generator and experimental levels, and identify within the distributions the effects of the excited quark natural width, parton momentum distributions of the proton, radiation, and experimental resolution. We present both differential and cumulative probability distributions as a function of dijet mass, and the signal acceptance of a window in dijet mass centered on each resonance. We find that for a range of resonance masses, between 10\% and 50\% of $\sqrt{s}$, the dijet mass distributions and window acceptance are practically universal, approximately invariant under changes in resonance mass and $\sqrt{s}$. This work supports our Snowmass 2021 study on the sensitivity to dijet resonances at proton-proton colliders.

    hep-phhep-exNPB(2022)·2 citations
19. 19*

    ResBos2 and the CDF W Mass Measurement

    Joshua Isaacson🇺🇸 · Yao Fu🇨🇳 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

    The recent CDF $W$ mass measurement of 80,433 $\pm$ 9 MeV is the most precise direct measurement. However, this result deviates from the Standard Model predicted mass of 80,359.1 $\pm$ 5.2 MeV by $7\sigma$. The CDF experiment used an older version of the ResBos code that was only accurate at NNLL+NLO, while the ResBos2 code is able to make predictions at N${}^3$LL+NNLO accuracy. We determine that the data-driven techniques used by CDF capture most of the higher order corrections, and using higher order corrections would result in a decrease in the value reported by CDF by at most 10 MeV.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2024)·48 citations
20. 20*

    Confronting the prediction of leptonic Dirac CP-violating phase with experiments

    Yang Hwan Ahn🇰🇷 · Sin Kyu Kang🇰🇷 · Raymundo Ramos🇰🇷 · Morimitsu Tanimoto🇯🇵

    We update and improve past efforts to predict the leptonic Dirac CP-violating phase with models that predict perturbatively modified tribimaximal or bimaximal mixing. Simple perturbations are applied to both mixing patterns in the form of rotations between two sectors. By translating these perturbed mixing matrices to the standard parameterization for the neutrino mixing matrix we derive relations between the Dirac CP-phase and the oscillation angles. We use these relations together with current experimental results to constrain the allowed range for the CP-phase and determine its probability density. Furthermore, we elaborate on the prospects for future experiments probing on the perturbations considered in this work. We present a model with $A_4$ modular symmetry that is consistent with one of the described perturbed scenarios and successfully predicts current oscillation parameter data.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·10 citations
21. 21*

    The decays $\tau \to a_1\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$, $\tau \to K_1\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ and $\tau \to K_{1}K{\nu }_{\tau }$ in the extended $U(3)\times U(3)$ chiral NJL model

    Mikhail K. Volkov🇷🇺 · Aleksey A. Pivovarov🇷🇺 · Kanat Nurlan🇷🇺

    The branching fractions of the decays $\tau \to a_1\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$, $\tau \to K_1\pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ and $\tau \to K_{1}K{\nu }_{\tau }$ are calculated in the framework of the extended $U(3)\times U(3)$ chiral Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. There are no experimental data for these decays in the present time, thus the obtained results are considered as predictions. The comparison of these results to the theoretical results of other authors is carried out.

    hep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2022)·2 citations
22. 22*

    Non-Gaussianities in Collider Energy Flux

    Hao Chen🇨🇳 · Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Jesse Thaler🇺🇸 · Hua Xing Zhu🇨🇳

    The microscopic dynamics of particle collisions is imprinted into the statistical properties of asymptotic energy flux, much like the dynamics of inflation is imprinted into the cosmic microwave background. This energy flux is characterized by correlation functions $⟨\mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_1)\cdots \mathcal{E}({\vec{n}}_k)⟩$ of energy flow operators $\mathcal{E}(\vec{n})$. There has been significant recent progress in studying energy flux, including the calculation of multi-point correlation functions and their direct measurement inside high-energy jets at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this paper, we build on these advances by defining a notion of "celestial non-gaussianity" as a ratio of the three-point function to a product of two-point functions. We show that this celestial non-gaussianity is under perturbative control within jets at the LHC, allowing us to cleanly access the non-gaussian interactions of quarks and gluons. We find good agreement between perturbative calculations of the non-gaussianity and a charged-particle-based analysis using CMS Open Data, and we observe a strong non-gaussianity peaked in the "flattened triangle" regime. The ability to robustly study three-point correlations is a significant step in advancing our understanding of jet substructure at the LHC. We anticipate that the celestial non-gaussianity, and its generalizations, will play an important role in the development of higher-order parton showers simulations and in the hunt for ever more subtle signals of potential new physics within jets.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thJHEP(2022)·57 citations
23. 23*

    Lund and Cambridge multiplicities for precision physics

    Rok Medves🇬🇧 · Alba Soto-Ontoso🇫🇷 · Gregory Soyez🇫🇷

    We revisit the calculation of the average jet multiplicity in high-energy collisions. First, we introduce a new definition of (sub)jet multiplicity based on Lund declusterings obtained using the Cambridge jet algorithm. We develop a new systematic resummation approach. This allows us to compute both the Lund and the Cambridge average multiplicities to next-to-next-to-double (NNDL) logarithmic accuracy in electron-positron annihilation, an order higher in accuracy than previous works in the literature. We match our resummed calculation to the exact NLO ($\mathcal{O}({\alpha }_s^2)$) result, showing predictions for the Lund multiplicity at LEP energies with theoretical uncertainties up to $50\%$ smaller than the previous state-of-the-art. Adding hadronisation corrections obtained by Monte Carlo simulations, we also show a good agreement with existing Cambridge multiplicity data. Finally, to highlight the flexibility of our method, we extend the Lund multiplicity calculation to hadronic collisions where we reach next-to-double logarithmic accuracy for colour singlet production.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·27 citations
24. 24*

    Searching for velocity-dependent dark matter annihilation signals from extragalactic halos

    Eric J. Baxter🇺🇸 · Jason Kumar🇺🇸 · Aleczander D. Paul🇺🇸 · Jack Runburg🇺🇸

    We consider gamma-ray signals of dark matter annihilation in extragalactic halos in the case where dark matter annihilates from a $p$-wave or $d$-wave state. In these scenarios, signals from extragalactic halos are enhanced relative to other targets, such as the Galactic Center or dwarf spheroidal galaxies, because the typical relative speed of the dark matter is larger in extragalactic halos. We perform a mock data analysis of gamma rays produced by dark matter annihilation in halos detected by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We include a model for uncorrelated galactic and extragalactic gamma ray backgrounds, as well as a simple model for backgrounds due to astrophysical processes in the extragalactic halos detected by the survey. We find that, for models which are still allowed by other gamma ray searches, searches of extragalactic halos with the current Fermi exposure can produce evidence for dark matter annihilation, though it is difficult to distinguish the $p$-wave and $d$-wave scenarios. With a factor $10\times$ larger exposure, though, discrimination of the velocity-dependence is possible.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2022)·10 citations
25. 25*

    Evolution of global polarization in relativistic heavy-ion collisions within a perturbative approach

    Xiaowen Li🇨🇳 · Ze-Fang Jiang🇨🇳 · Shanshan Cao🇨🇳 · Jian Deng🇨🇳

    Extremely large angular orbital momentum can be produced in non-central heavy-ion collisions, leading to a strong transverse polarization of partons that scatter through the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) due to spin-orbital coupling. We develop a perturbative approach to describe the formation and spacetime evolution of quark polarization inside the QGP. Polarization from both the initial hard scatterings and interactions with the QGP have been consistently described using the quark-potential scattering approach, which has been coupled to realistic initial condition calculation and the subsequent (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic simulation of the QGP for the first time. Within this improved approach, we have found that different spacetime-rapidity-dependent initial energy density distributions generate different time evolution profiles of the longitudinal flow velocity gradient of the QGP, which further lead to an approximately 15% difference in the final polarization of quarks collected on the hadronization hypersurface of the QGP. Therefore, in addition to the collective flow coefficients, the hyperon polarization may serve as a novel tool to help constrain the initial condition of the hot nuclear matter created in high-energy nuclear collisions.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exEPJC(2023)·11 citations
26. 26*

    Nucleon-antinucleon interaction

    Jean-Marc Richard🇫🇷

    A review is presented of the antinucleon-nucleon interaction, and some related issues such as fundamental symmetries, annihilation mechanisms, antinucleon-nucleus scattering, antiprotonic atoms and neutron-antineutron oscillations. The overall perspective is historical but the modern approaches are also presented.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-ph1 citation
27. 27*

    Generation of gravitational waves from freely decaying turbulence

    Pierre Auclair🇧🇪 · Chiara Caprini🇨🇭 · Daniel Cutting🇫🇮 · Mark Hindmarsh🇫🇮 · Kari Rummukainen🇫🇮 · Danièle A. Steer🇫🇷 · David J. Weir🇫🇮

    We study the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) produced by freely decaying vortical turbulence in the early Universe. We thoroughly investigate the time correlation of the velocity field, and hence of the anisotropic stresses producing the gravitational waves. With hydrodynamical simulations, we show that the unequal time correlation function (UETC) of the Fourier components of the velocity field is Gaussian in the time difference, as predicted by the "sweeping" decorrelation model. We introduce a decorrelation model that can be extended to wavelengths around the integral scale of the flow. Supplemented with the evolution laws of the kinetic energy and of the integral scale, this provides a new model UETC of the turbulent velocity field consistent with the simulations. We discuss the UETC as a positive definite kernel, and propose to use the Gibbs kernel for the velocity UETC as a natural way to ensure positive definiteness of the SGWB. The SGWB is given by a 4-dimensional integration of the resulting anisotropic stress UETC with the gravitational wave Green's function. We perform this integration using a Monte Carlo algorithm based on importance sampling, and find that the result matches that of the simulations. Furthermore, the SGWB obtained from the numerical integration and from the simulations show close agreement with a model in which the source is constant in time and abruptly turns off after a few eddy turnover times. Based on this assumption, we provide an approximate analytical form for the SGWB spectrum and its scaling with the initial kinetic energy and integral scale. Finally, we use our model and numerical integration algorithm to show that including an initial growth phase for the turbulent flow heavily influences the spectral shape of the SGWB. This highlights the importance of a complete understanding of the turbulence generation mechanism.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJCAP(2022)·90 citations
28. 28*

    Signal of Cosmic Strings in Cross-Correlation of 21-cm Redshift and CMB Polarization Maps

    Matteo Blamart🇨🇦 · Hannah Fronenberg🇨🇦 · Robert Brandenberger (McGill University)🇨🇦

    We study the signal of cosmic string wakes present before the time of reionization in the cross-correlation signal of 21-cm redshift and B-mode CMB polarization maps. The specific non-Gaussian signal of strings in the position space cross-correlation maps can be extracted by means of a matched filtering analysis. Signals of strings with tension somewhat lower than those corresponding to the current upper bound can be identified when embedded in a background of Gaussian fluctuations from a Planck best-fit LCDM model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·6 citations
29. 29*

    Classical gravitational spinning-spinless scattering at $\mathcal{O}(G^2{S}^{\infty })$

    Rafael Aoude🇧🇪 · Kays Haddad🇸🇪 · Andreas Helset🇺🇸

    Making use of the recently-derived, all-spin, opposite-helicity Compton amplitude, we calculate the classical gravitational scattering amplitude for one spinning and one spinless object at $\mathcal{O}(G^2)$ and all orders in spin. By construction, this amplitude exhibits the spin structure that has been conjectured to describe Kerr black holes. This spin structure alone is not enough to fix all deformations of the Compton amplitude by contact terms, but when combined with considerations of the ultrarelativistic limit we can uniquely assign values to the parameters remaining in the even-in-spin sector. Once these parameters are determined, much of the spin dependence of the amplitude resums into hypergeometric functions. Finally, we derive the eikonal phase for aligned-spin scattering.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRL(2022)·114 citations
30. 30*

    Quantum Annealing for Jet Clustering with Thrust

    Andrea Delgado🇺🇸 · Jesse Thaler🇺🇸

    Quantum computing holds the promise of substantially speeding up computationally expensive tasks, such as solving optimization problems over a large number of elements. In high-energy collider physics, quantum-assisted algorithms might accelerate the clustering of particles into jets. In this study, we benchmark quantum annealing strategies for jet clustering based on optimizing a quantity called "thrust" in electron-positron collision events. We find that quantum annealing yields similar performance to exact classical approaches and classical heuristics, but only after tuning the annealing parameters. Without tuning, comparable performance can be obtained through a hybrid quantum/classical approach.

    ↳ quant-phhep-exhep-phPRD(2022)·26 citations
31. 31*

    Photon emissivity of the quark-gluon plasma: a lattice QCD analysis of the transverse channel

    Marco Cè🇨🇭 · Tim Harris🇬🇧 · Ardit Krasniqi🇩🇪 · Harvey B. Meyer🇩🇪 · Csaba Török🇩🇪

    We present results for the thermal photon emissivity of the quark-gluon plasma derived from spatially transverse vector correlators computed in lattice QCD at a temperature of 250 MeV. The analysis of the spectral functions, performed at fixed spatial momentum, is based on continuum-extrapolated correlators obtained with two flavours of dynamical Wilson fermions. We compare the next-to-leading order perturbative QCD correlators, as well as the $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills correlators at infinite coupling, to the correlators from lattice QCD and find them to lie within $\sim 10\%$ of each other. We then refine the comparison, performing it at the level of filtered spectral functions obtained model-independently via the Backus-Gilbert method. Motivated by these studies, for frequencies $\omega \lesssim 2.5$GeV we use fit ansätze to the spectral functions that perform well when applied to mock data generated from the NLO QCD or from the strongly-coupled SYM spectral functions, while the high-frequency part, $\omega \gtrsim 2.5$GeV, is matched to NLO QCD. We compare our results for the photon emissivity to our previous analysis of a different vector channel at the same temperature. We obtain the most stringent constraint at photon momenta around $k\simeq 0.8$GeV, for which we find a differential photon emission rate per unit volume of $d{\Gamma }_{\gamma }/d^{3}k=({\alpha }_{\mathrm{em}}/(\exp (k/T)-1))\times (2.2\pm 0.8)\times 10^{-3}\mathrm{GeV}$.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phPRD(2022)·24 citations
32. 32*

    Strongly Bound Dibaryon with Maximal Beauty Flavor from Lattice QCD

    Nilmani Mathur🇮🇳 · M. Padmanath🇩🇪 · Debsubhra Chakraborty🇮🇳

    We report the first lattice QCD study of the heavy dibaryons in which all six quarks have the bottom (beauty) flavor. Performing a state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation we find clear evidence for a deeply bound ${\Omega }_{bbb}$-${\Omega }_{bbb}$ dibaryon in the ${}^1{S}_0$ channel, as a pole singularity in the $S$-wave ${\Omega }_{bbb}$-${\Omega }_{bbb}$ scattering amplitude with a binding energy $-81{(}_{-16}^{+14})$ MeV. With such a deep binding, Coulomb repulsion serves only as a perturbation on the ground state wave function of the parameterized strong potential and may shift the strong binding only by a few percent. Considering the scalar channel to be the most bound for single flavored dibaryons, we conclude this state is the heaviest possible most deeply bound dibaryon in the visible universe.

    ↳ hep-lathep-exhep-phnucl-thPRL(2023)·54 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.