Thu·May 5, 2022Thursday·May 5, 2022

1. 01*

   EpIC: novel Monte Carlo generator for exclusive processes

   E.C. Aschenauer🇺🇸 · V. Batozskaya🇵🇱 · S. Fazio🇮🇹 · K. Gates🇬🇧 · H. Moutarde🇫🇷 · D. Sokhan🇬🇧 · H. Spiesberger🇩🇪 · P. Sznajder🇵🇱 · K. Tezgin🇺🇸

   We present the EpIC Monte Carlo event generator for exclusive processes sensitive to generalised parton distributions. EpIC utilises the PARTONS framework, which provides a flexible software architecture and a variety of modelling options for the partonic description of the nucleon. The generator offers a comprehensive set of features, including multi-channel capabilities and radiative corrections. It may be used both in analyses of experimental data, as well as in impact studies, especially for future electron-ion colliders.

   hep-phEPJC(2022)·19 citations
2. 02*

   Study of the $tH$ production at 14TeV and 100TeV $pp$ colliders

   Yi-Dong Song🇨🇳 · Shou-Shan Bao🇨🇳

   The flavor-changing neutral current interactions in the standard model are suppressed seriously and such interactions can be used to search the new physics beyond SM. The top quark and Higgs bosons are heavier than the other particles in SM, we can expect the new physics plays a more important role in their interactions. In this work, we study the flavor-changing neutral current interactions between the top quark $\bar{t}qH$ through the production of the single top associated with a Higgs boson on 14TeV and 100TeV $pp$ colliders. We consider the leptonic decay channels of Higgs and study the signal. We find a sensitive region $0.4\le \Delta R\le 1.4$ for the leptons from Higgs bosons and $\Delta R\ge 1.8$ between the jets from top quark and leptons. We investigate the detective abilities of the hadron colliders for the processes. Although this process seems not comparable with $pp\to t\bar{t}$ with $t\to Hq$ decay, it is still attractive since this process can be used to distinguish the $y_{tu}$ and $y_{tc}$.

   hep-ph0 citations
3. 03*

   Constraints on the dark photon from parity violation and the $W$ mass

   A. W. Thomas🇦🇺 · X. G. Wang🇦🇺

   We present an analysis of the experimental data for parity-violating electron scattering (PVES) and atomic parity-violation, including the effects of a dark photon. We derive the favored region of dark photon parameter space, which provides a good description of the experimental data from the Qweak Collaboration and the Jefferson Lab PVDIS Collaboration and simultaneously relieves the tension between the neutron skin thickness determined in the PREX-II experiment and nuclear-model predictions. In addition, we extract the parameter region required to explain the latest W-boson mass anomaly. Our results indicate that a heavy dark photon with mass above the Z boson mass is favored, while other sources of new physics beyond the Standard Model in addition to the dark photon would also be expected.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2022)·28 citations
4. 04*

   Deviations from Tribimaximal and Golden Ratio mixings under radiative corrections of neutrino masses and mixings

   Ph. Wilina🇮🇳 · M. Shubhakanta Singh🇮🇳 · N. Nimai Singh🇮🇳

   The impact of renormalization group equations(RGEs) on neutrino masses and mixings at high energy scales in Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model(MSSM) is studied using two different mixing patterns such as Tri-Bimaximal(TBM) mixing and Golden Ratio(GR) mixing in consistent with cosmological bound of the sum of three neutrino masses, ${\sum }_i|m_i|$. Magnifications of neutrino masses and mixing angles at low energy scale, are obtained by giving proper input masses, and mixing angles from TBM mixing matrix and GR mixing matrix at high energy scales. High energy scales, $M_R$ such as $10^{13}$GeV,$10^{14}$GeV,$10^{15}$GeV are employed in the analysis. The large solar(${\theta }_{12}$) and atmospheric(${\theta }_{23}$) neutrino mixing angles with zero reactor angle (${\theta }_{13}$) from both TBM mixing matrix and GR mixing matrix at high scale, can magnify the reactor angle(${\theta }_{13}$) at low energy scale in 3$\sigma$ confidence level. Both cases of normal hierarchy(NH) and inverted hierarchy(IH) are addressed here. In normal hierarchical case, it is found that ${\theta }_{23}\simeq 51.1^{\circ }$ and that in inverted hierarchical case is ${\theta }_{23}\simeq 39.1^{\circ }$ in both mixing patterns. Possibility of ${\theta }_{23}>45^{\circ }$ or ${\theta }_{23}<45^{\circ }$ is observed at low scale. The analysis shows the validity of the two mixing patterns at high energy scale.

   hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2022)·13 citations
5. 05*

   Exploring phase space with Nested Sampling

   David Yallup🇬🇧 · Timo Janßen🇩🇪 · Steffen Schumann🇩🇪 · Will Handley🇬🇧

   We present the first application of a Nested Sampling algorithm to explore the high-dimensional phase space of particle collision events. We describe the adaptation of the algorithm, designed to perform Bayesian inference computations, to the integration of partonic scattering cross sections and the generation of individual events distributed according to the corresponding squared matrix element. As a first concrete example we consider gluon scattering processes into 3-, 4- and 5-gluon final states and compare the performance with established sampling techniques. Starting from a flat prior distribution Nested Sampling outperforms the Vegas algorithm and achieves results comparable to a dedicated multi-channel importance sampler. We outline possible approaches to combine Nested Sampling with non-flat prior distributions to further reduce the variance of integral estimates and to increase unweighting efficiencies.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·10 citations
6. 06*

   Updated constraints on Georgi-Machacek model, and its electroweak phase transition and associated gravitational waves

   Ting-Kuo Chen🇹🇼 · Cheng-Wei Chiang🇹🇼 · Cheng-Tse Huang🇹🇼 · Bo-Qiang Lu🇨🇳

   With theoretical constraints such as perturbative unitarity and vacuum stability conditions and updated experimental data of Higgs measurements and direct searches for exotic scalars at the LHC, we perform an updated scan of the allowed parameter space of the Georgi-Machacek (GM) model. With the refined global fit, we examine the allowed parameter space for inducing strong first-order electroweak phase transitions (EWPTs) and find only the one-step phase transition is phenomenologically viable. Based upon the result, we study the associated gravitational wave (GW) signals and find most of which can be detected by several proposed experiments. We also make predictions on processes that may serve as promising probes to the GM model in the near future at the LHC, including the di-Higgs productions and several exotic scalar production channels.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2022)·30 citations
7. 07*

   A leptoquark and vector-like quark extended model for the simultaneous explanation of the $W$ boson mass and muon $g-2$ anomalies

   Shi-Ping He🇰🇷

   The CDF collaboration recently announced a new measurement result of the $W$ boson mass, and it is in tension with the standard model (SM) prediction. In this paper, we explain this anomaly in the vector-like quark (VLQ) $(X,T,B{)}_{L,R}$ and leptoquark (LQ) $S_3$ extended model. In this model, both the VLQ and LQ have positive corrections to the $W$ boson mass. Moreover, it can also be a solution to the $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ anomaly because of the chiral enhancements from top, $T$, and $B$ quarks.

   hep-phhep-exCPC(2023)·37 citations
8. 08*

   Snowmass White Paper: prospects for the measurement of top-quark couplings

   Gauthier Durieux🇨🇭 · Abel Gutiérrez Camacho🇪🇸 · Luca Mantani🇬🇧 · Víctor Miralles🇮🇹 · Marcos Miralles López🇪🇸 · María Moreno Llácer🇪🇸 · René Poncelet🇬🇧 · Eleni Vryonidou🇬🇧 · Marcel Vos🇪🇸

   In this contribution to the 2021 Snowmass community planning exercise that informs the American strategy for particle physics, we present the prospects for measurements of the top-quark couplings at future colliders. Projections are presented for the high luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider and a future Higgs/electroweak/top factory electron-positron collider. Results are presented for the expected bounds on Wilson coefficients of the relevant SMEFT operators from a global fit to the top physics sector.

   hep-ph31 citations
9. 09*

   Arrangement for $K_2^{\ast }$ meson family

   Ting-yan Li🇨🇳 · Ya-rong Wang🇨🇳 · Cheng-qun Pang🇨🇳

   Two observed structures with $M=1868\pm 8_{-57}^{+40}$ MeV and $M=2073\pm 94_{-240}^{+245}$ MeV are the same states ($K_2^{\ast }(1980)$) in PDG.The analysis of the mass spectrum and the calculation of the strong decay of $K_2^{\ast }$ mesons support the low mass state of $K_2^{\ast }(1980)$ as $2^3{P}_2$ and the high mass state of $K_2^{\ast }(1980)$ as $1^3{F}_2$ in this letter. This analysis brings us very important criterion for the assignment of the observed $K_2^{\ast }(1980)$ and experimental findings for this assignment is suggested. Additionally, prediction of some partial decay widths are made on the high excitations of $K_2^{\ast }$ family. This study is crucial to establishing and searching for their higher excitations in the future.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2023)·9 citations
10. 10*

    Neutrino mass and mass ordering: No conclusive evidence for normal ordering

    Stefano Gariazzo🇮🇹 · Martina Gerbino🇮🇹 · Thejs Brinckmann🇮🇹 · Massimiliano Lattanzi🇮🇹 · Olga Mena🇪🇸 · Thomas Schwetz🇩🇪 · Shouvik Roy Choudhury🇮🇳 · Katherine Freese🇺🇸 · Steen Hannestad🇩🇰 · Christoph A. Ternes🇮🇹 · Mariam Tórtola🇪🇸

    The extraction of the neutrino mass ordering is one of the major challenges in particle physics and cosmology, not only for its implications for a fundamental theory of mass generation in nature, but also for its decisive role in the scale of future neutrinoless double beta decay experimental searches. It has been recently claimed that current oscillation, beta decay and cosmological limits on the different observables describing the neutrino mass parameter space provide robust decisive Bayesian evidence in favor of the normal ordering of the neutrino mass spectrum [arXiv:2203.14247]. We further investigate these strong claims using a rich and wide phenomenology, with different sampling techniques of the neutrino parameter space. Contrary to the findings of Jimenez et al [arXiv:2203.14247], no decisive evidence for the normal mass ordering is found. Neutrino mass ordering analyses must rely on priors and parameterizations that are ordering-agnostic: robust results should be regarded as those in which the preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering is driven exclusively by the data, while we find a difference of up to a factor of 33 in the Bayes factors among the different priors and parameterizations exploited here. An ordering-agnostic prior would be represented by the case of parameterizations sampling over the two mass splittings and a mass scale, or those sampling over the individual neutrino masses via normal prior distributions only. In this regard, we show that the current significance in favor of the normal mass ordering should be taken as $2.7\sigma$ (i.e. moderate evidence), mostly driven by neutrino oscillation data.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2022)·70 citations
11. 11*

    Correlating the CDF $W$-boson mass shift with the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ anomalies

    Xin-Qiang Li🇨🇳 · Ze-Jun Xie🇨🇳 · Ya-Dong Yang🇨🇳 · Xing-Bo Yuan🇨🇳

    The recently updated measurement of the $W$-boson mass by the CDF collaboration exhibits a $7\sigma$ deviation from the SM expectation, which may imply a sign of new physics beyond the SM. The observed discrepancy could be explained by new fermions that carry the electroweak gauge charges and affect the vacuum polarization of gauge bosons. Notably, if the new fermions also have the same quantum numbers as of the SM quarks, they can mix with the latter and thus modify the penguin diagrams governing the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ transitions. Therefore, the $W$-boson mass shift could be related to the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ anomalies observed by the LHCb collaboration during the past few years. To investigate this possibility, we consider in this paper a model containing a vector-like top partner gauged under a new $U(1{)}^{\prime }$ symmetry. It is found that the latest CDF $m_W$ measurement and the $b\to s{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ anomalies can be simultaneously accommodated at $2\sigma$ level.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2023)·16 citations
12. 12*

    $W$ boson mass shift, dark matter and $(g-2{)}_{\ell }$ in a scotogenic-Zee model

    Ritu Dcruz🇺🇸 · Anil Thapa🇺🇸

    We present a singly charged scalar extension of the Scotogenic model, ScotoZee, which resolves the recently reported deviations in $W$ boson mass as well as lepton $g-2$. The model admits a scalar or a fermionic dark matter while realizing naturally small radiative neutrino masses. The mass splitting of $\sim 100$ GeV, required by the shift in $W$ boson mass, among the inert doublets fields can be evaded by its mixing with the singlet scalar, which is also key to resolving $(g-2{)}_{\ell }$ anomaly within $1\sigma$. We establish the consistency of this framework with dark matter relic abundance while satisfying constraints from charged lepton flavor violation, direct detection as well as collider bounds. The model gives predictions for the lepton flavor violating $\tau \to \ell \gamma$ processes testable in upcoming experiments.

    hep-phPRD(2023)·37 citations
13. 13*

    Neutrino Portals, Terrestrial Upscattering, and Atmospheric Neutrinos

    R. Andrew Gustafson🇺🇸 · Ryan Plestid🇺🇸 · Ian M. Shoemaker🇺🇸

    We consider the upscattering of atmospheric neutrinos in the interior of the Earth producing heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) which subsequently decay inside large volume detectors (e.g. Super-Kamiokande or DUNE). We compute the flux of upscattered HNLs arriving at a detector, and the resultant event rate of visible decay products. Using Super-Kamiokande's atmospheric neutrino dataset we find new leading constraints for dipole couplings to any flavor with HNL masses between roughly 10 MeV and 100 MeV. For mass mixing with tau neutrinos, we probe new parameter space near HNL masses of $\sim 20$ MeV with prospects for substantial future improvements. We also discuss prospects at future experiments such as DUNE, JUNO, and Hyper-Kamiokande.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exPRD(2022)·33 citations
14. 14*

    Two-Higgs-Doublet Model and Quark-Lepton Unification

    Pavel Fileviez Perez🇺🇸 · Elliot Golias🇺🇸 · Alexis D. Plascencia🇮🇹

    We study the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model predicted in the minimal theory for quark-lepton unification that can describe physics at the low scale. We discuss the relations among the different decay widths of the new Higgs bosons and study their phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider. As a result of matter unification, this theory predicts a correlation between the decay widths of the heavy Higgs bosons into tau leptons and bottom quarks. We point out how to probe this theory using these relations and discuss the relevant flavor constraints.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2022)·6 citations
15. 15*

    PanScales parton showers for hadron collisions: formulation and fixed-order studies

    Melissa van Beekveld🇬🇧 · Silvia Ferrario Ravasio🇬🇧 · Gavin P. Salam🇬🇧 · Alba Soto-Ontoso🇫🇷 · Gregory Soyez🇫🇷 · Rob Verheyen🇬🇧

    We formulate PanScales parton showers for hadron collisions so as to achieve next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy across a broad set of observables. We do so specifically for colour singlet production. Relative to the existing PanScales final-state showers, the main new question is that of how to redistribute momentum imbalances from initial-state branching across the remainder of the event. We presents tests of the showers at fixed order, including the treatment of full colour for soft-collinear emissions and of spin correlations in both the soft and collinear domains. We also include comparisons to a formulation of a standard dipole shower, the current leading-logarithmic state of the art. A forthcoming companion paper will explore all-order tests of the new showers.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·79 citations
16. 16*

    The Four-Loop Rapidity Anomalous Dimension and Event Shapes to Fourth Logarithmic Order

    Claude Duhr🇩🇪 · Bernhard Mistlberger🇺🇸 · Gherardo Vita🇺🇸

    We obtain the quark and gluon rapidity anomalous dimension to fourth order in QCD. We calculate the N${}^3$LO rapidity anomalous dimensions to higher order in the dimensional regulator and make use of the soft/rapidity anomalous dimension correspondence in conjunction with the recent determination of the N${}^4$LO threshold anomalous dimensions to achieve our result. We show that the results for the quark and gluon rapidity anomalous dimensions at four loops are related by generalized Casimir scaling. Using the N${}^4$LO rapidity anomalous dimension, we perform the resummation of the Energy-Energy Correlation in the back-to-back limit at N${}^4$LL, achieving for the first time the resummation of an event shape at this logarithmic order. We present numerical results and observe a reduction of perturbative uncertainties on the resummed cross section to below 1%.

    hep-phhep-thPRL(2022)·135 citations
17. 17*

    The Four Loop QCD Rapidity Anomalous Dimension

    Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Hua Xing Zhu🇨🇳 · Yu Jiao Zhu🇩🇪

    The rapidity anomalous dimension controls the scaling of transverse momentum dependent observables in the Sudakov region. In a conformal theory it is equivalent to the soft anomalous dimension, but in QCD this relation is broken by anomalous terms proportional to the $\beta$-function. In this paper we first give a simple proof of this relation using two different representations of the energy-energy correlator observable. We then calculate the anomalous terms to three loops by computing the three-loop fully differential soft function to $\mathcal{O}(ϵ)$. Combined with recent perturbative data from the study of on-shell form factors and splitting functions, this allows us to derive the four loop rapidity anomalous dimension in QCD.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-thJHEP(2022)·97 citations
18. 18*

    Dark matter direct detection from the single phonon to the nuclear recoil regime

    Brian Campbell-Deem🇺🇸 · Simon Knapen🇨🇭 · Tongyan Lin🇺🇸 · Ethan Villarama🇺🇸

    In most direct detection experiments, the free nuclear recoil description of dark matter scattering breaks down for masses $\lesssim$ 100 MeV, or when the recoil energy is comparable to a few times the typical phonon energy. For dark matter lighter than 1 MeV, scattering via excitation of a single phonon dominates and has been computed previously, but for the intermediate mass range or higher detector thresholds, multiphonon processes dominate. We perform the first calculation of the scattering rate via multiphonon production for the entire keV-GeV dark matter mass range, assuming a harmonic crystal target. We provide an analytic description that connects the single phonon, multiphonon, and the nuclear recoil regimes. Our results are implemented in the public package $\text{DarkELF}$.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·52 citations
19. 19*

    A viable $L_e-L_{\mu }$ model with $\mu \to e$ violation

    Marco Ardu🇫🇷 · Fiona Kirk🇨🇭

    We extend the Standard Model gauge group by $U(1{)}_{L_e-L_{\mu }}$ and introduce two scalars, a doublet and a singlet, that are charged under this new group and have lepton flavour violating couplings. Since in this model $\mu \to e$ processes can only be mediated by $\mu \to \tau \times \tau \to e$ interactions, bounds from $\mu \to e$ transitions can be avoided while allowing for accessible new physics. We consider the case of a $Z^{\prime }$ boson with a mass of $M_{Z^{\prime }}\simeq 10$GeV and a gauge coupling $g^{\prime }\simeq 10^{-4}$, which is in reach of Belle-II, and a long-lived $Z^{\prime }$ boson with a mass of $\text{MeV}\lesssim M_{Z^{\prime }}\lesssim m_{\mu }-m_e$ which can be probed by searching for $\ell \to {\ell }^{\prime }+\text{inv.}$. Neutrino masses and mixing angles can also be accounted for if sterile neutrinos are added to the spectrum.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2023)·9 citations
20. 20*

    PBH assisted search for QCD axion dark matter

    Gongjun Choi🇨🇭 · Enrico D. Schiappacasse🇫🇮

    The entropy production prior to BBN era is one of ways to prevent QCD axion with the decay constant $F_a\in [10^{12}\mathrm{GeV},10^{16}\mathrm{GeV}]$ from overclosing the universe when the misalignment angle is ${\theta }_{\mathrm{i}}=\mathcal{O}(1)$. As such, it is necessarily accompanied by an early matter-dominated era (EMD) provided the entropy production is achieved via the decay of a heavy particle. In this work, we consider the possibility of formation of primordial black holes during the EMD era with the assumption of the enhanced primordial scalar perturbation on small scales ($k>10^4{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$). In such a scenario, it is expected that PBHs with axion halo accretion develop to ultracompact minihalos (UCMHs). We study how UCMHs so obtained could be of great use in the experimental search for QCD axion dark matter with $F_a\in [10^{12}\mathrm{GeV},10^{16}\mathrm{GeV}]$.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEJCAP(2022)·18 citations
21. 21*

    QCD equation of state with Tsallis statistics for heavy-ion collisions

    K. Kyan🇯🇵 · A. Monnai🇯🇵

    Nonextensive statistics has attracted attention as a description of particle spectra in nuclear collisions at QCD energies. First, we construct the equation of state by incorporating Tsallis statistics based on the hadron resonance gas and parton gas models. Thermodynamic conditions are found to impose constraints on the $q$-parameter of Tsallis distribution. Next, we apply the equation of state to the relativistic hydrodynamic modeling of nuclear collisions. The Cooper-Frye prescription is consistently modified. Numerical demonstrations indicate that the model may describe charged particle spectra at Large Hadron Collider in the transverse momentum range up to 6-8 GeV. Elliptic flow, on the other hand, suggests a narrower range of applicability.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRD(2022)·14 citations
22. 22*

    Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Observational Signatures of Quantum Gravity

    Kathryn M. Zurek🇺🇸

    This short review is intended as a colloquium-level summary, for the Snowmass 2021 process, on recent theoretical results on infrared observables in quantum gravity. We rely on simple physical arguments, most notably a random walk intuition, to show how effects of quantum gravity in the ultraviolet (at the Planck length ${\ell }_p\approx 10^{-35}\text{mbox}m$) may integrate into the infrared when the large measurement length scale $L$ enters into the observable. A quantum uncertainty at lightsheet horizons would give rise to an accumulated effect of size $\delta L^2\simeq {\ell }_{p}L/4\pi$. We discuss how the random walk intuition falls out from more formal calculations, such as from AdS/CFT, from the dimensional reduction of the Einstein-Hilbert action to dilaton gravity, from multiple gravitational shockwaves generated by vacuum energy fluctuations, as well as from an effective description of gravity as a fluid. We overview experimental prospects for measuring this effect with a simple Michelson interferometer utilizing many of the tools developed for gravitational wave observatories.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-th27 citations
23. 23*

    Improved Limit on Tensor Currents in the Weak Interaction from ${}^8$Li $\beta$ Decay

    M. T. Burkey · G. Savard · A. T. Gallant · N. D. Scielzo · T. Y. Hirsh · L. Varriano · G. H. Sargsyan · K. D. Launey · M. Brodeur · D. P. Burdette · E. Heckmaier · K. Joerres and 19 other authors

    The electroweak interaction in the Standard Model (SM) is described by a pure vector-axial-vector structure, though any Lorentz-invariant component could contribute. In this work, we present the most precise measurement of tensor currents in the low-energy regime by examining the $\beta$-$\bar{\nu }$ correlation of trapped ${}^8$Li ions with the Beta-decay Paul Trap. We find $a_{\beta \nu }=-0.3325\pm 0.0013_{stat}\pm 0.0019_{syst}$ at $1\sigma$ for the case of coupling to right-handed neutrinos $(C_T=-C_T^{\prime })$, which is consistent with the SM prediction.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phnucl-thPRL(2022)·37 citations
24. 24*

    Hunt for Light Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves

    Gabriele Franciolini🇮🇹 · Anshuman Maharana🇮🇳 · Francesco Muia🇬🇧

    Light primordial black holes may comprise a dominant fraction of the dark matter in our Universe. This paper critically assesses whether planned and future gravitational wave detectors in the ultra-high-frequency band could constrain the fraction of dark matter composed of sub-solar primordial black holes. Adopting the state-of-the-art description of primordial black hole merger rates, we compare various signals with currently operating and planned detectors. As already noted in the literature, our findings confirm that detecting individual primordial black hole mergers with currently existing and operating proposals remains difficult. Current proposals involving gravitational wave to electromagnetic wave conversion in a static magnetic field and microwave cavities feature a technology gap with respect to the loudest gravitational wave signals from primordial black holes of various orders of magnitude. However, we point out that one recent proposal involving resonant LC circuits represents the best option in terms of individual merger detection prospects in the range $(1÷100)\text{MHz}$. In the same frequency range, we note that alternative setups involving resonant cavities, whose concept is currently under development, might represent a promising technology to detect individual merger events. We also show that a detection of the stochastic gravitational wave background produced by unresolved binaries is possible only if the theoretical sensitivity of the proposed Gaussian beam detector is achieved. Such a detector, whose feasibility is subject to various caveats, may be able to rule-out some scenarios for asteroidal mass primordial black hole dark matter. We conclude that pursuing dedicated studies and developments of gravitational wave detectors in the ultra-high-frequency band remains motivated and may lead to novel probes on the existence of light primordial black holes.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2022)·121 citations
25. 25*

    Near-Horizon Quantum Dynamics of 4-d Einstein Gravity from 2-d JT Gravity

    Sergei Gukov🇺🇸 · Vincent S. H. Lee🇺🇸 · Kathryn M. Zurek🇺🇸

    We study quantum fluctuations in the lightcone metric of the 4-d Einstein-Hilbert action via dimensional reduction to Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity. In particular, we show that, in Einstein gravity, the causal development of a region in flat Minkowski spacetime, near a horizon defined by light sheets, can be described by an effective two-dimensional dilaton theory. This enables us to make use of known solutions of the JT action, where the spacetime position of a horizon has quantum uncertainty due to metric fluctuations. This quantum uncertainty can be then directly related to the original 4-d light cone coordinates, allowing us to compute the uncertainty in the time of a photon to travel from tip-to-tip of a causal diamond in flat 4-d Minkowski space. We find that both Planck and infrared scales (with the latter set by the size of the causal diamond) enter the uncertainty in photon travel time, such that the quantum fluctuation in the arrival time may be observably large.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phPRD(2023)·25 citations
26. 26*

    Cosmological simulations with rare and frequent dark matter self-interactions

    Moritz S. Fischer🇩🇪 · Marcus Brüggen🇩🇪 · Kai Schmidt-Hoberg🇩🇪 · Klaus Dolag🇩🇪 · Felix Kahlhoefer🇩🇪 · Antonio Ragagnin🇮🇹 · Andrew Robertson🇺🇸

    Dark matter (DM) with self-interactions is a promising solution for the small-scale problems of the standard cosmological model. Here we perform the first cosmological simulation of frequent DM self-interactions, corresponding to small-angle DM scatterings. The focus of our analysis lies in finding and understanding differences to the traditionally assumed rare DM (large-angle) self scatterings. For this purpose, we compute the distribution of DM densities, the matter power spectrum, the two-point correlation function and the halo and subhalo mass functions. Furthermore, we investigate the density profiles of the DM haloes and their shapes. We find that overall large-angle and small-angle scatterings behave fairly similarly with a few exceptions. In particular, the number of satellites is considerably suppressed for frequent compared to rare self-interactions with the same cross-section. Overall we observe that while differences between the two cases may be difficult to establish using a single measure, the degeneracy may be broken through a combination of multiple ones. For instance, the combination of satellite counts with halo density or shape profiles could allow discriminating between rare and frequent self-interactions. As a by-product of our analysis, we provide - for the first time - upper limits on the cross-section for frequent self-interactions.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phMNRAS(2022)·34 citations
27. 27*

    Anomalies from an effective field theory perspective

    Baptiste Filoche🇫🇷 · Rémy Larue🇫🇷 · Jérémie Quevillon🇫🇷 · Pham Ngoc Hoa Vuong🇫🇷

    The path-integral measure of a gauge-invariant fermion theory is transformed under the chiral transformation and leads to an elegant derivation of the anomalous chiral Ward-Takahashi identities, as we know from the seminal work of Fujikawa. We present in this work an alternative and illuminating way to calculate the Jacobian in the path-integral measure from the Covariant Derivative Expansion technique used in Effective Field Theory. We present several ways to customize the crucial regularization such that the anomaly is located in the desired current, which is unprecedented within the path integral approach. We are then able to derive, in a transparent and unified way the covariant, consistent, gravitational and scale anomalies.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2023)·18 citations
28. 28*

    Parton physics of the large-$N_c$ mesons

    Nikhil Karthik🇺🇸 · Rajamani Narayanan🇺🇸

    We initiate the studies on the structural physics of the tower of stable large-$N_c$ mesons through a first computation of the collinear quark-structure of a large-$N_c$ pion using lattice Monte-Carlo methods. We adapt the large-$N_c$ continuum reduction for the determination of meson correlation functions involving the spatially-extended quasi-PDF operators as a perfect strategy to concentrate only on the short perturbative length scales. We find the internal structures of pion in the large-$N_c$ and $N_c=3$ theories to be quite similar. Interestingly, we find hints that even the observed differences could arise to a large extent via the different perturbative QCD evolution in the two theories from similar initial conditions at low factorization scales.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-thPRD(2022)·3 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.