Wed·Mar 16, 2022Wednesday·March 16, 2022

1. 01*

   Synergy between cosmological and laboratory searches in neutrino physics

   Martina Gerbino🇮🇹 · Evan Grohs🇺🇸 · Massimiliano Lattanzi🇮🇹 · Kevork N. Abazajian🇺🇸 · Nikita Blinov🇨🇦 · Thejs Brinckmann🇮🇹 · Mu-Chun Chen🇺🇸 · Zelimir Djurcic🇺🇸 · Peizhi Du🇺🇸 · Miguel Escudero🇩🇪 · Steffen Hagstotz🇸🇪 · Kevin J. Kelly🇺🇸 and 12 other authors

   The intersection of the cosmic and neutrino frontiers is a rich field where much discovery space still remains. Neutrinos play a pivotal role in the hot big bang cosmology, influencing the dynamics of the universe over numerous decades in cosmological history. Recent studies have made tremendous progress in understanding some properties of cosmological neutrinos, primarily their energy density. Upcoming cosmological probes will measure the energy density of relativistic particles with higher precision, but could also start probing other properties of the neutrino spectra. When convolved with results from terrestrial experiments, cosmology can become even more acute at probing new physics related to neutrinos or even Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). Any discordance between laboratory and cosmological data sets may reveal new BSM physics and/or suggest alternative models of cosmology. We give examples of the intersection between terrestrial and cosmological probes in the neutrino sector, and briefly discuss the possibilities of what different laboratory experiments may see in conjunction with cosmological observatories.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPhys.Dark Univ.(2023)·74 citations
2. 02*

   SMEFT at the LHC and Beyond: A Snowmass White Paper

   William Shepherd🇺🇸

   I detail an optimistic future vision for the use of SMEFT at high-energy colliders, and describe the use of the studies which could result for interpretation of future models. I also explore some of the potential pitfalls which could significantly degrade the utility of those results and discuss approaches to avoid them and ensure that results are actually accurate when applied to new models.

   hep-ph5 citations
3. 03*

   DarkSUSY 6.3: Freeze-in, out-of-equilibrium freeze-out, cosmic-ray upscattering and further new features

   Torsten Bringmann🇳🇴 · Joakim Edsjö🇸🇪

   DarkSUSY is a versatile tool for precision calculations of a large variety of dark matter-related signals, ranging from predictions for the dark matter relic density to dark matter self-interactions and rates relevant for direct and indirect detection experiments. In all of these areas significant new code additions have been made in recent years, since the release of DarkSUSY 6 in 2018, which we summarize in this overview. In particular, DarkSUSY now allows users to compute the relic density for feebly interacting massive particles via the freeze-in mechanism, but also offers new routines for freeze-out calculations in the presence of secluded dark sectors as well as for models where kinetic equilibrium is not fully established during the freeze-out process. On the direct detection side, the effect of cosmic-ray upscattering of dark matter has been fully implemented, leading to a subdominant relativistic component in the expected dark matter flux at Earth. Finally, updated yields relevant for indirect searches with gamma rays, neutrinos or charged cosmic rays have been added; the new default spectra are based on a large number of Pythia 8 runs, but users can also easily switch between various alternative spectra. Further code details, including a manual and various concrete example applications, are provided at www.darksusy.org.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPoS(2022)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Complex Scalar Singlet Model Benchmarks for Snowmass

   Shekhar Adhikari🇺🇸 · Samuel D. Lane🇺🇸 · Ian M. Lewis🇺🇸 · Matthew Sullivan🇺🇸

   In this contribution to Snowmass 2021, we present benchmark parameters for the general complex scalar singlet model. The complex scalar singlet extension has three massive scalar states with interesting decay chains which will depend on the exact mass hierarchy of the system. We find maximum branching ratios for resonant double Standard Model-like Higgs production, resonant production of a Standard Model-like Higgs and a new scalar, and double resonant new scalar production. These branching ratios are between 0.7 and 1. This is particularly interesting because instead of direct production, the main production of a new scalar resonance may be from the $s$-channel production and decay of another scalar resonance. That is, it is still possible for discovery of new scalar resonances to be from the cascade of one resonance to another. We choose our benchmark points to have to have a large range of signatures: multi-$b$ production, multi-$W$ and $Z$ production, and multi-125 GeV SM-like Higgs production. These benchmark points can provide various spectacular signatures that are consistent with current experimental and theoretical bounds. This is a summary of results in Ref. [1].

   hep-phhep-ex11 citations
5. 05*

   Machine Learning and LHC Event Generation

   Anja Butter (ed)🇩🇪 · Tilman Plehn (ed)🇩🇪 · Steffen Schumann (ed)🇩🇪 · Simon Badger🇮🇹 · Sascha Caron🇳🇱 · Kyle Cranmer🇺🇸 · Francesco Armando Di Bello🇮🇹 · Etienne Dreyer🇮🇱 · Stefano Forte🇮🇹 · Sanmay Ganguly🇯🇵 · Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Eilam Gross🇮🇱 and 39 other authors

   First-principle simulations are at the heart of the high-energy physics research program. They link the vast data output of multi-purpose detectors with fundamental theory predictions and interpretation. This review illustrates a wide range of applications of modern machine learning to event generation and simulation-based inference, including conceptional developments driven by the specific requirements of particle physics. New ideas and tools developed at the interface of particle physics and machine learning will improve the speed and precision of forward simulations, handle the complexity of collision data, and enhance inference as an inverse simulation problem.

   hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.(2023)·159 citations
6. 06*

   Jets and Jet Substructure at Future Colliders

   Ben Nachman🇺🇸 · Salvatore Rappoccio🇺🇸 · Nhan Tran🇺🇸 · Johan Bonilla🇺🇸 · Grigorios Chachamis🇵🇹 · Barry M. Dillon🇩🇪 · Sergei V. Chekanov🇺🇸 · Robin Erbacher🇺🇸 · Loukas Gouskos🇨🇭 · Andreas Hinzmann🇩🇪 · Stefan Höche🇺🇸 · B. Todd Huffman🇬🇧 and 15 other authors

   Even though jet substructure was not an original design consideration for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments, it has emerged as an essential tool for the current physics program. We examine the role of jet substructure on the motivation for and design of future energy frontier colliders. In particular, we discuss the need for a vibrant theory and experimental research and development program to extend jet substructure physics into the new regimes probed by future colliders. Jet substructure has organically evolved with a close connection between theorists and experimentalists and has catalyzed exciting innovations in both communities. We expect such developments will play an important role in the future energy frontier physics program.

   hep-phhep-exFront.in Phys.(2022)·30 citations
7. 07*

   Snowmass White Paper: Light Dark Matter Direct Detection at the Interface With Condensed Matter Physics

   Andrea Mitridate🇺🇸 · Tanner Trickle🇺🇸 · Zhengkang Zhang🇺🇸 · Kathryn M. Zurek🇺🇸

   Direct detection experiments for light (sub-GeV) dark matter are making enormous leaps in reaching previously unexplored theory space. The need for accurate characterizations of target responses has led to a growing interplay between particle and condensed matter physics. This white paper summarizes recent progress on direct detection calculations that utilize state-of-the-art numerical tools in condensed matter physics and effective field theory techniques. These new results provide the theoretical framework for interpreting ongoing and planned experiments using electronic and collective excitations, and for optimizing future searches.

   hep-phastro-ph.COcond-mat.mtrl-sciPhys.Dark Univ.(2023)·52 citations
8. 08*

   Snowmass White Paper: Probing New Physics with ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to bs$ at a Muon Collider

   Wolfgang Altmannshofer🇺🇸 · Sri Aditya Gadam🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸

   In this white paper for the Snowmass process, we discuss the prospects of probing new physics explanations of the persistent rare $B$ decay anomalies with a muon collider. If the anomalies are indirect signs of heavy new physics, non-standard rates for ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to bs$ production should be observed with high significance at a muon collider with center of mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=10$ TeV. The forward-backward asymmetry of the $b$-jet provides diagnostics of the chirality structure of the new physics couplings. In the absence of a signal, ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\to bs$ can indirectly probe new physics scales as large as $86$ TeV. Beam polarization would have an important impact on the new physics sensitivity.

   hep-ph17 citations
9. 09*

   Three-Loop Corrections to Lamb Shift in Positronium: Electron Factor and Polarization

   Michael I. Eides🇺🇸 · Valery A. Shelyuto🇷🇺

   Hard spin-independent three-loop radiative contributions to energy levels in positronium generated by the two-photon-exchange diagrams with one-loop radiative insertions in the fermion lines and exchanged photons are calculated. This is a next step in calculations of all corrections of order $m{\alpha }^7$ inspired by the new generation of precise $1S-2S$ and $2S-2P$ measurements in positronium.

   hep-phphysics.atom-phPLB(2022)·5 citations
10. 10*

    Data-Directed Search for New Physics based on Symmetries of the SM

    Mattias Birman🇮🇱 · Benjamin Nachman🇺🇸 · Raphael Sebbah🇮🇱 · Gal Sela🇮🇱 · Ophir Turetz🇮🇱 · Shikma Bressler🇮🇱

    We propose exploiting symmetries (exact or approximate) of the Standard Model (SM) to search for physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) using the data-directed paradigm (DDP). Symmetries are very powerful because they provide two samples that can be compared without requiring simulation. Focusing on the data, exclusive selections which exhibit significant asymmetry can be identified efficiently and marked for further study. Using a simple and generic test statistic which compares two matrices already provides good sensitivity, only slightly worse than that of the profile likelihood ratio test statistic which relies on the exact knowledge of the signal shape. This can be exploited for rapidly scanning large portions of the measured data, in an attempt to identify regions of interest. Weakly supervised Neural Networks could be used for this purpose as well.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·21 citations
11. 11*

    Neutron size from high energy scattering data

    Michael J. Longo🇺🇸

    Alvarado, Aranda, and Bonilla propose a sub-GeV U(1)R gauge boson model to explain the proton charge radius discrepancy. Their model assumes opposite sign U(1)R charge assignments for up and down quarks in the nucleon. I point out that might cause a difference between neutron and proton mass radii that contradicts existing p-p and n-p scattering data. Using existing neutron and proton scattering data I show that the neutron and proton mass radii are equal within about 2%. This constitutes a challenge to models that attempt to explain the discrepancy by modifying the quark couplings.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
12. 12*

    Radiation Burst by Axion Star Collision with Star in the Andromeda Galaxy

    Aiichi Iwazaki🇯🇵

    Axion is a promising candidate of dark matter in the universe. A fraction of dark matter axion may forms axion star with radius $\sim 10^2$km. We show that the axion star emits radiation burst by the collision with K and M types main sequence star in the Andromeda Galaxy. The emission arises in the atmosphere of the star, in which electrons coherently oscillate due to oscillating electric field of the axion star. The electric field is produced under magnetic field $B$ of the star. We estimate the flux density of the radiation $\sim 1.6\times 10^{-3}\text{mbox}Jy(10^{-12}{M}_{\odot }/M_a{)}^2(10^{-5}\text{mbox}eV/m_a{)}^3(B/10^2\text{mbox}G{)}^2\sqrt{3\times 10^3\text{mbox}K/T}$ and the rate of the collision per hour $\sim 0.06/\text{mbox}hour(10^{-12}{M}_{\odot }/M_a)$ in the galaxy, where $M_a$ ( $m_a$ ) denotes the mass of axion star ( axion ) and $T$ does temperature of the electrons. We assume the number $10^{11}$ of the stars with $B\sim 10^2$G and radius $\sim 3.5\times 10^5$km in the galaxy. We also assume that a half of the dark matter is composed of axion star. We show that the emission of the radiation burst only arises in the atmosphere in which the plasma frequency $m_p\simeq m_a$. The duration of the burst lasts for the period which it takes the axion star to pass the region with $m_p\simeq m_a$. It would be longer than $1$ second.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·6 citations
13. 13*

    Snowmass White Paper: Implications of Quantum Gravity for Particle Physics

    Patrick Draper🇺🇸 · Isabel Garcia Garcia🇺🇸 · Matthew Reece🇺🇸

    Quantum gravity places important consistency conditions on low-energy effective field theory, such as the absence of global symmetries. These may have important consequences in the search for particle physics beyond the Standard Model. We review some of these conditions and their phenomenological implications for the strong CP problem, the weak scale, new gauge interactions, and cosmology. We also offer some general comments on how these ideas can guide model building.

    hep-phgr-qchep-th22 citations
14. 14*

    Snowmass White Paper: Flavor Model Building

    Wolfgang Altmannshofer🇺🇸 · Jure Zupan🇺🇸

    In this white paper for the Snowmass process, we summarize the role flavor model building plays in the quest for new physics. We review approaches to address the non-generic flavor structure of the Standard Model and discuss how new physics models can be made compatible with the stringent constraints from flavor changing processes that indirectly probe very high scales. We also give an overview of the persistent anomalies in B decays and the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and some of their most popular new physics explanations.

    hep-ph36 citations
15. 15*

    Semileptonic B_c decays to P-wave charmonia in the light-cone QCDSR

    Tarik Akan🇹🇷 · Elif Cincioglu🇹🇷 · Altug Ozpineci🇹🇷 · Adnan Tegmen🇹🇷

    B_c mesons are laboratories for probing heavy quark physics. Furthermore, they decay into charmonia and hence their decays can be used to analyze possible exotic charmonium. In this work, the semileptonic decays of B_c mesons into P wave charmonia are analysed using light cone QCD sum rules (LCSR). The distributions amplitudes for the charmonia are taken from a quark model computation. The obtained decay rates for the ground state and excited charmonia are compared with the results found in the literature.

    hep-phNPA(2023)·2 citations
16. 16*

    Probing the proton structure with associated vector boson and heavy flavor jet production at the LHC

    A.V. Lipatov🇷🇺 · G.I. Lykasov🇷🇺 · M.A. Malyshev🇷🇺 · S.M. Turchikhin🇷🇺

    We consider the production of $Z$ bosons associated with heavy (charm and beauty) jets at the LHC energies using two scenarios based on the transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities in a proton. The first of them employs the Catani-Ciafaloni-Fiorani-Marchesini gluon evolution and is implemented in the Monte-Carlo event generator PEGASUS. Here, the heavy quarks are always produced in the hard partonic scattering. The second scheme is based on the parton branching approach, currently implemented into the Monte-Carlo event generator CASCADE. In this scenario, the $Z$ + jets sample is generated and then events containing the heavy flavor jet in a final state are selected. We compare the predictions obtained within these two TMD-based approaches to each other, investigate their sensitivity to the TMD gluon densities in a proton and estimate the effects coming from parton showers and double parton scattering mechanism. Additionally, we compare our predictions with the results of traditional (collinear) pQCD calculations performed at NLO accuracy. It is shown that the TMD-based results agree with the LHC experimental data collected at $\sqrt{s}=8$ and $13$ TeV. We discuss the sensitivity of observables to the quark distributions in a proton and present predictions to search for the intrinsic charm signal in forthcoming analyses of the LHC experimental data.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·0 citations
17. 17*

    Anatomy of scalar mediated proton decays in $SO(10)$ models

    Ketan M. Patel🇮🇳 · Saurabh K. Shukla🇮🇳

    Realistic models based on the renormalizable grand unified theories have varieties of scalars, many of which are capable of mediating baryon ($B$) and lepton ($L$) number non-conserving processes. We identify all such scalar fields residing in $10$, $\overline{126}$ and $120$ dimensional irreps of $SO(10)$ which can induce baryon and lepton number violating interactions through the leading order $d=6$ and $d=7$ operators. Explicitly computing their couplings with the standard model fermions, we derive the effective operators including the possibility of mixing between the scalars stemming from a given representation. We find that such interactions at $d=6$ are mediated by only three sets of scalars: $T(3,1,-1/3)$, $\mathcal{T}(3,1,-4/3)$ and $\mathbb{T}(3,3,-1/3)$ and their conjugates. In the models with $10$ and $\overline{126}$, only the first has appropriate couplings to mediate the proton decay. While $\mathcal{T}$ and $\mathbb{T}$ can induce baryon number violating interactions when $120$ is present, $\mathcal{T}$ does not contribute to the proton decay at tree level because of its flavour antisymmetric coupling. Three additional colour triplets and their conjugates can mediate nucleon decay via $d=7$ operators which violate also the $B-L$. We give general expressions for partial widths of proton in terms of the fundamental Yukawa couplings and use these results to explicitly compute the proton lifetime and branching ratios for the minimal non-supersymmetric $SO(10)$ model based on $10$ and $\overline{126}$ Higgs. We find that the proton preferably decays into $\overline{\nu }{K}^{+}$ or ${\mu }^{+}{K}^0$ and list several distinct features of scalar mediated proton decay. If the latter dominates over the gauge mediated contributions, the proton decay spectrum provides a direct probe to the flavour structure of the underlying grand unified theory.

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·16 citations
18. 18*

    Magnetic dipole moments of $B_{(s)}^{(\ast )}{B}_{(s)}^{(\ast )}$ states

    U. Ozdem🇹🇷

    We systematically study the magnetic dipole moments of multiquark states. In this study, the magnetic dipole moments of possible $B^{-}{B}^{\ast -}$, $B^0{B}^{\ast -}$, $B^{-}{B}^{\ast 0}$, $B^0{B}^{\ast 0}$, $B_s^0{B}^{\ast -}$, $B^{-}{B}_s^{\ast 0}$, $B_s^0{B}^{\ast 0}$, $B^0{B}_s^{\ast 0}$ and $B_s^0{B}_s^{\ast 0}$ states are extracted using light-cone sum rules. We explore magnetic dipole moments of these states as molecular picture with spin-parity $J^P=1^{+}$. The magnetic dipole moments of hadrons include useful information on the distributions of internal charge and magnetization, which can be used to understand their geometrical shapes and quark-gluon organization. The results of the present study along with the spectroscopic parameters may help the future theoretical and experimental research on the characteristics of doubly-bottom tetraquark states.

    hep-phhep-latCPC(2022)·11 citations
19. 19*

    Production and polarization of $S$-wave quarkonia in potential nonrelativistic QCD

    Nora Brambilla🇩🇪 · Hee Sok Chung🇩🇪 · Antonio Vairo🇩🇪 · Xiang-Peng Wang🇩🇪

    Based on the potential nonrelativistic QCD formalism, we compute the nonrelativistic QCD long-distance matrix elements (LDMEs) for inclusive production of $S$-wave heavy quarkonia. This greatly reduces the number of nonperturbative unknowns and brings in a substantial enhancement in the predictive power of the nonrelativistic QCD factorization formalism. We obtain improved determinations of the LDMEs and find cross sections and polarizations of $J/\psi$, $\psi (2S)$, and excited ${\rm Y}$ states that agree well with LHC data. Our results may have important implications in pinning down the heavy quarkonium production mechanism.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thPRD(2022)·32 citations
20. 20*

    $U(1{)}_{T3R}$ Extension of Standard Model: A Sub-GeV Dark Matter Model

    Bhaskar Dutta🇺🇸 · Sumit Ghosh🇺🇸 · Jason Kumar🇺🇸

    We present a model based on a $U(1{)}_{T3R}$ extension of the Standard Model. The model addresses the mass hierarchy between the third generation and the first two generation fermions. $U(1{)}_{T3R}$ is spontaneously broken at $\sim 1-10$ GeV. The model contains a sub-GeV dark matter candidate and two sub-GeV light scalar and vector mediators. The model explains the thermal dark matter abundance, measurements of the muon g-2 and $R_{K^{(\ast )}}$ anomalies. The model can be probed at the LHC, FASER, dark matter experiments and various beam-dump based neutrino facilities, e.g., COHERENT, CCM, MicroBooNE, SBND, ICARUS, DUNE etc.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO6 citations
21. 21*

    Masses of vector and pseudovector hybrid mesons in a chiral symmetric model

    Walaa I. Eshraim🇦🇪

    We enlarge the chiral model, the so-called extended Linear Sigma Model (eLSM), by including the low-lying hybrid nonet with exotic quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ and the nonet of their chiral partners with $J^{PC}=1^{+-}$ to a global $U(3{)}_r\times U(3{)}_l$ chiral symmetry. We use the assignment of the ${\pi }_1^{hyb}={\pi }_1(1600)$ as input to determine the unknown parameters. Then, we compute the lightest vector and pseudovector hybrid masses that could guide ongoing and upcoming experiments in searching for hybrids.

    hep-phnucl-thSciPost Phys.Proc.(2022)·2 citations
22. 22*

    Structure and production mechanism of the enigmatic $X(3872)$ in high-energy hadronic reactions

    Anna Cisek🇵🇱 · Wolfgang Schäfer🇵🇱 · Antoni Szczurek🇵🇱

    We calculate the total cross section and transverse momentum distributions for the production of enigmatic ${\chi }_{c,1}(3872)$ (or X(3872)) assuming different scenarios: $c\bar{c}$ state and $D^{0\ast }{\bar{D}}^0+D^0{\bar{D}}^{0\ast }$ molecule. The derivative of the $c\bar{c}$ wave function needed in the first scenario is taken from a potential model calculations. Compared to earlier calculation of molecular state we include not only single parton scattering (SPS) but also double parton scattering (DPS) contributions. The latter one seems to give smaller contribution than the SPS one. The upper limit for the DPS production of ${\chi }_{c,1}(3872)$ is much below the CMS data. We compare results of our calculations with existing experimental data of CMS, ATLAS and LHCb collaborations. Reasonable cross sections can be obtained in either $c\bar{c}$ or molecular $D{\bar{D}}^{\ast }$ scenarios for $X(3872)$. Also a hybrid scenario is not excluded.

    hep-phEPJC(2022)·20 citations
23. 23*

    The colormagnetic confinement in QCD

    Yu. A. Simonov🇷🇺

    Colormagnetic confinement as a natural component of the QCD confinement is explained and treated in the framework of the Field Correlator Method. For quarks and gluons in hadrons the effects of the colormagnetic confinement are discussed at zero temperature, where it contributes to the spectrum properties and can create its own bound states, while at nonzero temperature in the EoS of the quark gluon plasma the colormagnetic confinement plays a dominating role. Its properties in the QCD thermodynamics are discussed in detail.

    hep-phPhys.Atom.Nucl.(2022)·4 citations
24. 24*

    Global fit of 2HDM with future collider results

    Ankit Beniwal🇬🇧 · Filip Rajec🇦🇺 · Markus Tobias Prim🇩🇪 · Pat Scott🇬🇧 · Wei Su🇰🇷 · Martin White🇦🇺 · Anthony G. Williams🇦🇺 · Alex Woodcock🇦🇺

    In this work, we summarize a global fit study of Type-II two Higgs doublet models (2HDM), and explore the impact of future SM-like Higgs and Z-pole precision measurements on the allowed parameter space. The work is based on the study results of a global fit of 2HDMs with the tool GAMBIT, utilising various current constraints including theoretical constraints (unitarity, perturbativity and vacuum stability), Higgs searches at colliders, electroweak physics and flavour constraints. We further investigate the ability of future facilities, such as the HL-LHC, CEPC, ILC and FCC-ee to explore the 2HDM parameter space.

    hep-ph8 citations
25. 25*

    Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Resummation for future colliders

    Melissa van Beekveld🇬🇧 · Sebastian Jaskiewicz🇬🇧 · Tao Liu🇨🇳 · Xiaohui Liu🇨🇳 · Duff Neill🇺🇸 · Alexander Penin🇨🇦 · Felix Ringer🇺🇸 · Robert Szafron🇺🇸 · Leonardo Vernazza🇮🇹 · Gherardo Vita🇺🇸 · Jian Wang🇨🇳

    Resummation techniques are essential for high-precision phenomenology at current and future high-energy collider experiments. Perturbative computations of cross sections often suffer from large logarithmic corrections, which must be resummed to all orders to restore the reliability of predictions from first principles. The precise understanding of the all-order structure of field theories allows for fundamental tests of the Standard Model and new physics searches. In this white paper, we review recent progress in modern resummation techniques and outline future directions. In particular, we focus on the resummation beyond leading power, the joint resummation of different classes of logarithms relevant for jets and their substructure, small-$x$ resummation in the high-energy regime and the QCD fragmentation process in the small-$z_h$ limit.

    hep-ph3 citations
26. 26*

    New Physics with missing energy at future lepton colliders -- Snowmass White Paper

    Jan Kalinowski🇵🇱 · Tania Robens🇭🇷 · Aleksander Filip Zarnecki🇵🇱

    Two models that extend the particle content of the SM and provide dark matter candidates, namely the Inert Doublet Model and the Two-Higgs Doublet model with additional pseudoscalar, are confronted with current experimental and theoretical constraints and predictions for production cross sections for various standard pair-production modes within these models at future lepton colliders are presented.

    hep-ph8 citations
27. 27*

    Threshold resummation at N${}^3$LL accuracy and approximate N${}^3$LO corrections to semi-inclusive DIS

    Maurizio Abele🇩🇪 · Daniel de Florian🇦🇷 · Werner Vogelsang🇩🇪

    We advance the threshold resummation formalism for semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N${}^3$LL) order, including the three-loop hard factor. We expand the results in the strong coupling to obtain approximate next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N${}^3$LO) corrections for the SIDIS cross section. In Mellin moment space, these corrections include all terms that are logarithmically enhanced at threshold, or that are constant. We also consider a set of corrections that are suppressed near threshold. Our numerical estimates show modest changes of the cross section by the approximate N${}^3$LO terms, suggesting a very good perturbative stability of the SIDIS process.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·33 citations
28. 28*

    The Physics of Light Relics

    Cora Dvorkin🇺🇸 · Joel Meyers🇺🇸 · Peter Adshead🇺🇸 · Mustafa Amin🇺🇸 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · Thejs Brinckmann🇮🇹 · Emanuele Castorina🇮🇹 · Timothy Cohen🇺🇸 · Nathaniel Craig🇺🇸 · David Curtin🇨🇦 · Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine🇺🇸 · Peizhi Du🇺🇸 and 10 other authors

    Many well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of new light species that may have been produced in the early universe. Prominent examples include axions, sterile neutrinos, gravitinos, dark photons, and more. The gravitational influence of light relics leaves imprints in the cosmic microwave background fluctuations, the large-scale structure of the universe and the primordial element abundances. In this paper, we detail the physics of cosmological light relics, and describe how measurements of their relic density and mass serve as probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. A measurement of the light relic density at the precision of upcoming cosmological surveys will point the way toward new physics or severely constrain the range of viable extensions to the Standard Model.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO78 citations
29. 29*

    Dark Matter In Extreme Astrophysical Environments

    Masha Baryakhtar🇺🇸 · Regina Caputo🇺🇸 · Djuna Croon🇬🇧 · Kerstin Perez🇺🇸 · Emanuele Berti🇺🇸 · Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · Malte Buschmann🇺🇸 · Richard Brito🇵🇹 · Thomas Y. Chen🇺🇸 · Philippa S. Cole🇳🇱 · Adam Coogan🇨🇦 · William E. East🇨🇦 and 28 other authors

    Exploring dark matter via observations of extreme astrophysical environments -- defined here as heavy compact objects such as white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes, as well as supernovae and compact object merger events -- has been a major field of growth since the last Snowmass process. Theoretical work has highlighted the utility of current and near-future observatories to constrain novel dark matter parameter space across the full mass range. This includes gravitational wave instruments and observatories spanning the electromagnetic spectrum, from radio to gamma-rays. While recent searches already provide leading sensitivity to various dark matter models, this work also highlights the need for theoretical astrophysics research to better constrain the properties of these extreme astrophysical systems. The unique potential of these search signatures to probe dark matter adds motivation to proposed next-generation astronomical and gravitational wave instruments.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO106 citations
30. 30*

    Sensitivity to longitudinal vector boson scattering and doubly-charged Higgs boson production in ${\mathbf{W}}^{\pm }{\mathbf{W}}^{\pm }\mathbf{jj}$ at future hadron colliders

    Aram Apyan🇺🇸 · Samuel Kelson🇺🇸 · Chilufya Mwewa🇺🇸 · Luka Nedic🇬🇧 · Marc-André Pleier🇺🇸 · Karolos Potamianos🇬🇧

    We study the sensitivity to longitudinal vector boson scattering at a 27, 50 and 100 TeV $pp$ collider using events containing two leptonically-decaying same-electric-charge $W$ bosons produced in association with two jets. The baseline FCC-hh detector parameterization within the Delphes framework is used under the assumption of fully efficient pile-up mitigation. A tightly constrained phase space with a dijet mass greater than 2 TeV is considered in order to suppress the impact of potential instrumental backgrounds. Based on this setup, the expected sensitivity to the production of longitudinally polarized same-sign $W$ boson pairs is evaluated. Additionally, expected limits are set on doubly charged Higgs bosons produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to same-sign $W$ boson pairs.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·4 citations
31. 31*

    Some open questions in axion theory

    Prateek Agrawal🇬🇧 · Kim V. Berghaus🇺🇸 · JiJi Fan🇺🇸 · Anson Hook🇺🇸 · Gustavo Marques-Tavares🇺🇸 · Tom Rudelius🇺🇸

    This white paper collects some open questions in several different aspects of axion theories. The questions are related to quantization of axion couplings, axion-magnetic monopole systems, axions in quantum gravity theory, axion string/domain wall systems, and thermal friction from axion couplings. They demonstrate many opportunities for axion theory, which call for more studies.

    hep-phhep-th19 citations
32. 32*

    The Present and Future Status of Heavy Neutral Leptons

    Asli M. Abdullahi · Pablo Barham Alzas · Brian Batell · Alexey Boyarsky · Saneli Carbajal · Animesh Chatterjee · Jose I. Crespo-Anadon · Frank F. Deppisch · Albert De Roeck · Marco Drewes · Alberto Martin Gago · Rebeca Gonzalez Suarez and 33 other authors

    The existence of non-zero neutrino masses points to the likely existence of multiple SM neutral fermions. When such states are heavy enough that they cannot be produced in oscillations, they are referred to as Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs). In this white paper we discuss the present experimental status of HNLs including colliders, beta decay, accelerators, as well as astrophysical and cosmological impacts. We discuss the importance of continuing to search for HNLs, and its potential impact on our understanding on key fundamental questions, and additionally we outline the future prospects for next-generation future experiments or upcoming accelerator run scenarios.

    hep-phhep-exJ.Phys.G(2023)·348 citations
33. 33*

    Machine Learning and Cosmology

    Cora Dvorkin🇺🇸 · Siddharth Mishra-Sharma🇺🇸 · Brian Nord🇺🇸 · V. Ashley Villar🇺🇸 · Camille Avestruz🇺🇸 · Keith Bechtol🇺🇸 · Aleksandra Ćiprijanović🇺🇸 · Andrew J. Connolly🇺🇸 · Lehman H. Garrison🇺🇸 · Gautham Narayan🇺🇸 · Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro🇺🇸

    Methods based on machine learning have recently made substantial inroads in many corners of cosmology. Through this process, new computational tools, new perspectives on data collection, model development, analysis, and discovery, as well as new communities and educational pathways have emerged. Despite rapid progress, substantial potential at the intersection of cosmology and machine learning remains untapped. In this white paper, we summarize current and ongoing developments relating to the application of machine learning within cosmology and provide a set of recommendations aimed at maximizing the scientific impact of these burgeoning tools over the coming decade through both technical development as well as the fostering of emerging communities.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.IMcs.LG+132 citations
34. 34*

    Upper bound on the smuon mass from vacuum stability in the light of muon $g-2$ anomaly

    So Chigusa🇺🇸 · Takeo Moroi🇯🇵 · Yutaro Shoji🇮🇱

    We derive an upper bound on the smuon mass assuming that the muon $g-2$ anomaly is explained by the supersymmetric (SUSY) contribution. In the minimal SUSY standard model, the SUSY contribution to the muon $g-2$ is enhanced when the Higgsino mass parameter is large. Then, the smuon-smuon-Higgs trilinear coupling is enhanced, which may destabilize the electroweak vacuum. We calculate precisely the decay rate of the electroweak vacuum in such a case. We include one-loop effects which are crucial to determine the overall normalization of the decay rate. Requiring that the theoretical prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic moment is consistent with the observed value at the $1$ and $2\sigma$ levels (equal to the central value of the observed value), we found that the lightest smuon mass should be smaller than $1.38$ and $1.68\mathrm{TeV}$ ($1.20\mathrm{TeV}$) for $\tan \beta =10$ (with $\tan \beta$ being the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs bosons), respectively, and the bound is insensitive to the value of $\tan \beta$.

    hep-phPLB(2022)·9 citations
35. 35*

    Dependence of the top-quark mass measured in top-quark pair production on the parton distribution functions at the LHC and future colliders

    Jason Gombas🇺🇸 · Jarrett Fein🇺🇸 · Sara Sawford🇺🇸 · Reinhard Schwienhorst🇺🇸

    The dependence of the top-quark mass measurement in top-quark production on the parton distribution functions is explored through the differential distribution of the invariant mass of the top-antitop system in top-quark pair production at hadron colliders. Several different proton-proton collider options are considered: 8 TeV, 13 TeV, 13.6 TeV, 14 TeV, and 100 TeV. The top-quark mass is obtained from a chi-squared fit to the invariant mass of the top-antitop-quark pair. The parton distribution function uncertainties are used in the chi-square evaluation. The uncertainties are reduced through a fit to the longitudinal momentum of the top-antitop system. The top-quark mass uncertainty due to parton distribution functions is found to be reduced by 20%.

    hep-phhep-ex2 citations
36. 36*

    The Physics Case for a Neutrino Factory

    Alex Bogacz🇺🇸 · Vedran Brdar🇺🇸 · Alan Bross🇺🇸 · André de Gouvêa🇺🇸 · Jean-Pierre Delahaye🇨🇭 · Patrick Huber🇺🇸 · Matheus Hostert🇬🇧 · Kevin J. Kelly🇨🇭 · Ken Long🇬🇧 · Mark Palmer🇺🇸 · J. Pasternak🇬🇧 · Chris Rogers🇬🇧 · Zahra Tabrizi🇺🇸

    Neutrino factories, neutrino beams produced in the decay of a muon or antimuon beam inside a storage ring, yield cleaner, richer, and more flexible neutrino beams relative to super-beams. We explore the physics case for this type of beam both for standard oscillation as well as new physics searches and present some machine options. We argue that there is a rich program beyond what the current neutrino program can cover and a string synergy with the muon collider program.

    hep-phhep-ex16 citations
37. 37*

    High-Energy and Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos

    Markus Ackermann · Sanjib K. Agarwalla · Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz · Rafael Alves Batista · Carlos A. Argüelles · Mauricio Bustamante · Brian A. Clark · Austin Cummings · Sudipta Das · Valentin Decoene · Peter B. Denton · Damien Dornic and 34 other authors

    Astrophysical neutrinos are excellent probes of astroparticle physics and high-energy physics. With energies far beyond solar, supernovae, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos, high-energy and ultra-high-energy neutrinos probe fundamental physics from the TeV scale to the EeV scale and beyond. They are sensitive to physics both within and beyond the Standard Model through their production mechanisms and in their propagation over cosmological distances. They carry unique information about their extreme non-thermal sources by giving insight into regions that are opaque to electromagnetic radiation. This white paper describes the opportunities astrophysical neutrino observations offer for astrophysics and high-energy physics, today and in coming years.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exJHEAp(2022)·201 citations
38. 38*

    Electric dipole moments and the search for new physics

    Ricardo Alarcon🇺🇸 · Jim Alexander🇺🇸 · Vassilis Anastassopoulos🇬🇷 · Takatoshi Aoki · Rick Baartman🇨🇦 · Stefan Baeßler🇺🇸 · Larry Bartoszek🇺🇸 · Douglas H. Beck🇺🇸 · Franco Bedeschi🇮🇹 · Robert Berger🇩🇪 · Martin Berz🇺🇸 · Hendrick L. Bethlem and 131 other authors

    Static electric dipole moments of nondegenerate systems probe mass scales for physics beyond the Standard Model well beyond those reached directly at high energy colliders. Discrimination between different physics models, however, requires complementary searches in atomic-molecular-and-optical, nuclear and particle physics. In this report, we discuss the current status and prospects in the near future for a compelling suite of such experiments, along with developments needed in the encompassing theoretical framework.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1141 citations
39. 39*

    Discrete Flavor Symmetries and Lepton Masses and Mixings

    Garv Chauhan🇧🇪 · P. S. Bhupal Dev🇺🇸 · Bartosz Dziewit🇵🇱 · Wojciech Flieger🇩🇪 · Janusz Gluza🇵🇱 · Krzysztof Grzanka🇵🇱 · Biswajit Karmakar🇵🇱 · Joris Vergeest🇵🇱 · Szymon Zieba🇵🇱

    We discuss neutrino mass and mixing models based on discrete flavor symmetries. These models can include a variety of new interactions and non-standard particles such as sterile neutrinos, scalar Higgs singlets and multiplets. We point at connections of the models with leptogenesis and dark matter and the ways to detect the corresponding non-standard particles at intensity and energy frontier experiments.

    hep-ph16 citations
40. 40*

    Simplified dark matter models with charged mediators

    Tathagata Ghosh🇮🇳 · Chris Kelso🇺🇸 · Jason Kumar🇺🇸 · Pearl Sandick🇺🇸 · Patrick Stengel🇮🇹

    We review simplified models in which a singlet Majorana dark matter candidate couples to Standard Model (SM) fermions through interactions mediated by scalar fermion partners. We summarize the two primary production mechanisms in these scenarios: dark matter annihilation mediated by first or second generation scalar fermion partners with significant left-right chiral mixing and co-annihilation with scalar fermion partners nearly degenerate in mass with the dark matter. We then highlight the most interesting phenomenological aspects of charged mediator models relevant for current and future searches for new physics. We describe precision measurements of SM fermion dipole moments, including models with scalar muon partners that can account for $g_{\mu }-2$. We discuss new search strategies for charged mediators at the LHC and the projected sensitivity of future lepton colliders. We summarize constraints from direct detection and demonstrate how next generation experiments might probe QCD-charged mediators at mass scales beyond the sensitivity of the LHC. We also review the prospects for indirect detection of models with scalar lepton partners, focusing on the sensitivity of gamma-ray searches to internal bremsstrahlung emission.

    hep-ph7 citations
41. 41*

    Directly Probing the CP-structure of the Higgs-Top Yukawa at HL-LHC and Future Colliders

    Rahool Kumar Barman🇺🇸 · Morgan E. Cassidy🇺🇸 · Zhongtian Dong🇺🇸 · Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Jeong Han Kim🇰🇷 · Felix Kling🇩🇪 · Kyoungchul Kong🇺🇸 · Ian M. Lewis🇺🇸 · Yongcheng Wu🇺🇸 · Yanzhe Zhang🇺🇸 · Ya-Juan Zheng🇺🇸

    Constraining the Higgs boson properties is a cornerstone of the LHC program and future colliders. In this Snowmass contribution, we study the potential to directly probe the Higgs-top CP-structure via the $t\bar{t}h$ production at the HL-LHC, 100 TeV FCC and muon colliders. We find the limits on the CP phase ($\alpha$) at 95% CL are $|\alpha |\lesssim 36^{\circ }$ with dileptonic $t\bar{t}(h\to b\bar{b})$ and $|\alpha |\lesssim 25^{\circ }$ with combined $t\bar{t}(h\to \gamma \gamma )$ at the HL-LHC. The 100 TeV FCC brings a significant improvement in sensitivity with $|\alpha |\lesssim 3^{\circ }$ for the dileptonic $t\bar{t}(h\to b\bar{b})$, due to the remarkable gain in the signal cross-section and the increased luminosity. At future muon colliders, we find that the bounds with semileptonic $t\bar{t}(h\to b\bar{b})\nu \bar{\nu }$ are $|\alpha |\lesssim 9^{\circ }$ for 10 TeV and $|\alpha |\lesssim 3^{\circ }$ for 30 TeV, respectively.

    hep-phhep-ex10 citations
42. 42*

    White Paper on Forward Physics, BFKL, Saturation Physics and Diffraction

    Martin Hentschinski🇲🇽 · Christophe Royon🇺🇸 · Marco Alcazar Peredo🇲🇽 · Cristian Baldenegro🇫🇷 · Andrea Bellora🇮🇹 · Renaud Boussarie🇫🇷 · Francesco Giovanni Celiberto🇮🇹 · Salim Cerci🇹🇷 · Grigorios Chachamis🇵🇹 · J. G. Contreras🇨🇿 · Sylvain Fichet🇧🇷 · Michael Fucilla🇮🇹 and 30 other authors

    The goal of this whitepaper is to give a comprehensive overview of the rich field of forward physics. We discuss the occurrences of BFKL resummation effects in special final states, such as Mueller-Navelet jets, jet gap jets, and heavy quarkonium production. It further addresses TMD factorization at low x and the manifestation of a semi-hard saturation scale in (generalized) TMD PDFs. More theoretical aspects of low x physics, probes of the quark gluon plasma, as well as the possibility to use photon-hadron collisions at the LHC to constrain hadronic structure at low x, and the resulting complementarity between LHC and the EIC are also presented. We also briefly discuss diffraction at colliders as well as the possibility to explore further the electroweak theory in central exclusive events using the LHC as a photon-photon collider.

    hep-phActa Phys.Polon.B(2023)·73 citations
43. 43*

    The Pierre Auger Exotic Events and Axion Quark Nuggets

    Ariel Zhitnitsky🇨🇦

    The Pierre Auger Observatory have reported [1-3] observation of several exotic cosmic ray -like events which apparently related to thunderstorms. These events are much larger in size than conventional cosmic ray events, and they have very distinct timing features. A possible nature of the observed phenomenon is still a matter of active research and debates as many unusual features of these exotic events are hard to explain. In particular, the frequency of appearance of these exotic events is very low (less than 2 events/year), in huge contrast with a typical rate of a conventional lightning strikes in the area. We propose that the observed exotic events can be explained within the so-called axion quark nugget (AQN) dark matter model. The idea is that the AQNs may trigger and initiate a special and unique class of lightning strikes during a thunderstorm as a result of ionization of the atmospheric molecules along its path. The corresponding AQN-induced lighting flashes may show some specific features not shared by typical and much more frequent conventional flashes. We support this proposal by demonstrating that the observations[1-3], including the frequency of appearance and time duration are consistent with observations. We also comment on possible relation of AUGER exotic events with the Telescope Array bursts and the terrestrial gamma ray flashes. We list a number of features of the AQN-induced exotic events (such as specific radio pulses synchronized with these events) which can be directly tested by future experiments. We also suggest to use distributed acoustic sensing instruments to detect the acoustic pulses which must be synchronized with AUGER exotic events.

    hep-phastro-ph.IMphysics.ao-phJ.Phys.G(2022)·10 citations
44. 44*

    Constraints on Heavy Neutral Leptons interacting with a singlet scalar

    James M. Cline🇨🇦 · Guillermo Gambini🇨🇦

    Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) are an attractive minimal extension of the Standard Model, as is a singlet scalar $s$ mixing with the Higgs boson. If both are present, it is natural for HNLs to interact with $s$. For a light singlet,the decay $N\to s\nu$ can dominate over weak HNL decays. We reinterpret existing constraints on HNL mixing from the DELPHI, CHARM and Belle experiments for 0.5-100 GeV mass HNLs, taking into account the new decay channel. Although the constraints are typically weakened, in some cases they can become stronger, due to observable $s\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ decays in the detectors. The method presented here could be used to recast constraints from other (older) experiments without resorting to computationally expensive Monte Carlo simulations. In addition, we update and correct some errors in the analysis of the original constraints, in the absence of the singlet.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·5 citations
45. 45*

    Constraining decaying dark matter with BOSS data and the effective field theory of large-scale structures

    Théo Simon🇫🇷 · Guillermo Franco Abellán🇫🇷 · Peizhi Du🇺🇸 · Vivian Poulin🇫🇷 · Yuhsin Tsai🇺🇸

    We update cosmological constraints on two decaying dark matter models in light of BOSS-DR12 data analyzed under the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structures (EFTofLSS) formalism, together with Planck, Pantheon and other BOSS measurements of the baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO). In the first model, a fraction $f_{\mathrm{dcdm}}$ of cold dark matter (CDM) decays into dark radiation (DR) with a lifetime $\tau$. In the second model (recently suggested as a potential resolution to the $S_8$ tension), all the CDM decays with a lifetime $\tau$ into DR and a massive warm dark matter (WDM) particle, with a fraction $\epsilon$ of the CDM rest mass energy transferred to the DR. Using numerical codes from the recent literature, we perform the first calculation of the mildly non-linear (matter and galaxy) power spectra with the EFTofLSS for these two models. In the case of DR products, we obtain the constraints $f_{\mathrm{dcdm}}\lesssim 0.022$ (95\% C.L.) for lifetimes shorter than the age of the universe, and $\tau /f_{\mathrm{dcdm}}\gtrsim 250$ Gyr in the long-lived regime assuming $f_{\mathrm{dcdm}}\to 1$. We show that Planck data contributes the most to these constraints, with EFTofBOSS providing a marginal improvement over conventional BAO and redshift space distortions ($f{\sigma }_8$) data. In the case of DR and WDM decay products, we find that EFTofBOSS data significantly improves the constraints at 68\% C.L. on the CDM lifetime with a $S_8$ prior from KiDS-1000. We show that, in order to fit EFTofBOSS data while lowering $S_8$ to match KiDS-1000, the best-fit model has a longer lifetime $\tau =120$ Gyr, with a larger kick velocity $v_{\mathrm{kick}}/c\simeq \epsilon \simeq 1.2\%$, than that without EFTofBOSS ($\tau =43$ Gyr, $\epsilon =0.6\%$). We anticipate that future surveys will provide exquisite constraints on such models.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2022)·87 citations
46. 46*

    The multipolar structure of rotating boson stars

    Massimo Vaglio🇮🇹 · Costantino Pacilio🇮🇹 · Andrea Maselli🇮🇹 · Paolo Pani🇮🇹

    The relativistic multipole moments provide a key ingredient to characterize the gravitational field around compact astrophysical objects. They play a crucial role in the description of the orbital evolution of coalescing binary systems and encode valuable information on the nature of the binary's components, which leaves a measurable imprint in their gravitational-wave emission. We present a new study on the multipolar structure of a class of arbitrarily spinning boson stars with quartic self-interactions in the large coupling limit, where these solutions are expected to be stable. Our results strengthen and extend previous numerical analyses, showing that even for the most compact configurations the multipolar structure deviates significantly from that of a Kerr black hole. We provide accurate data for the multipole moments as functions of the object's mass and spin, which can be directly used to construct inspiral waveform approximants and to perform parameter estimations and searches for boson star binaries.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2022)·36 citations
47. 47*

    Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Prospects for obtaining Dark Matter Constraints with DESI

    Monica Valluri🇺🇸 · Solene Chabanier🇺🇸 · Vid Irsic🇬🇧 · Eric Armengaud🇫🇷 · Michael Walther🇩🇪 · Connie Rockosi🇺🇸 · Miguel A. Sanchez-Conde🇪🇸 · Leandro Beraldo e Silva🇺🇸 · Andrew P. Cooper🇹🇼 · Elise Darragh-Ford🇺🇸 · Kyle Dawson🇺🇸 · Alis J. Deason🇬🇧 and 20 other authors

    Despite efforts over several decades, direct-detection experiments have not yet led to the discovery of the dark matter (DM) particle. This has led to increasing interest in alternatives to the Lambda CDM (LCDM) paradigm and alternative DM scenarios (including fuzzy DM, warm DM, self-interacting DM, etc.). In many of these scenarios, DM particles cannot be detected directly and constraints on their properties can ONLY be arrived at using astrophysical observations. The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is currently one of the most powerful instruments for wide-field surveys. The synergy of DESI with ESA's Gaia satellite and future observing facilities will yield datasets of unprecedented size and coverage that will enable constraints on DM over a wide range of physical and mass scales and across redshifts. DESI will obtain spectra of the Lyman-alpha forest out to z~5 by detecting about 1 million QSO spectra that will put constraints on clustering of the low-density intergalactic gas and DM halos at high redshift. DESI will obtain radial velocities of 10 million stars in the Milky Way (MW) and Local Group satellites enabling us to constrain their global DM distributions, as well as the DM distribution on smaller scales. The paradigm of cosmological structure formation has been extensively tested with simulations. However, the majority of simulations to date have focused on collisionless CDM. Simulations with alternatives to CDM have recently been gaining ground but are still in their infancy. While there are numerous publicly available large-box and zoom-in simulations in the LCDM framework, there are no comparable publicly available WDM, SIDM, FDM simulations. DOE support for a public simulation suite will enable a more cohesive community effort to compare observations from DESI (and other surveys) with numerical predictions and will greatly impact DM science.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-ph18 citations
48. 48*

    Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: Cosmology and Fundamental Physics from the three-dimensional Large Scale Structure

    Simone Ferraro🇺🇸 · Noah Sailer🇺🇸 · Anze Slosar🇺🇸 · Martin White🇺🇸

    Advances in experimental techniques make it possible to map the high redshift Universe in three dimensions at high fidelity in the near future. This will increase the observed volume by many-fold, while providing unprecedented access to very large scales, which hold key information about primordial physics. Recently developed theoretical techniques, together with the smaller size of non-linearities at high redshift, allow the reconstruction of an order of magnitude more "primordial modes", and should improve our understanding of the early Universe through measurements of primordial non-Gaussianity and features in the primordial power spectrum. In addition to probing the first epoch of accelerated expansion, such measurements can probe the Dark Energy density in the dark matter domination era, tightly constraining broad classes of dynamical Dark Energy models. The shape of the matter power spectrum itself has the potential to detect sub-percent fractional amounts of Early Dark Energy to $z\sim 10^5$, probing Dark Energy all the way to when the Universe was only a few years old. The precision of these measurements, combined with CMB observations, also has the promise of greatly improving our constraints on the effective number of relativistic species, the masses of neutrinos, the amount of spatial curvature and the gravitational slip. Studies of linear or quasi-linear large-scale structure with redshift surveys and the CMB currently provide our tightest constraints on cosmology and fundamental physics. Pushing the redshift and volume frontier will provide guaranteed, significant improvements in the state-of-the-art in a manner that is easy to forecast and optimize.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-exhep-ph65 citations
49. 49*

    Warped Compactifications in Particle Physics, Cosmology and Quantum Gravity

    Prateek Agrawal🇬🇧 · Cari Cesarotti🇺🇸 · Andreas Karch🇺🇸 · Rashmish K. Mishra🇺🇸 · Lisa Randall🇺🇸 · Raman Sundrum🇺🇸

    Particle physics has evolved in the past decade through evaluating the consequences of experimental measurements as well as exploiting theoretical tools that permit exploration of new model building and cosmological possibilities. Particularly due to insights from the AdS/CFT correspondence, higher-dimensional warped compactifications, in particular, have played a big role in recent developments by allowing a study of regimes of parameters that would otherwise be intractable. Similarly, theoretical developments in quantum gravity benefit from the bigger range of possibilities that can be explored using warped geometry, allowing for constructions of string vacua with positive cosmological constant and for the exploration of entanglement and information transfer in arbitrary dimensions. Puzzles remain in both more phenomenologically oriented and more theoretically oriented contexts which form the basis for a rich research program in the future as well.

    ↳ hep-thhep-ph17 citations
50. 50*

    Measuring the electron neutrino mass using the electron capture decay of 163Ho

    Joel Ullom🇺🇸 · Daniel Schmidt🇺🇸 · Simon Bandler🇺🇸 · Thomas Stevenson🇺🇸 · Mark Croce🇺🇸 · Katrina Koehler🇺🇸 · Matteo De Gerone🇮🇹 · Loredana Gastaldo🇩🇪 · Christian Enss🇩🇪 · Geonbo Kim🇺🇸 · Angelo Nucciotti🇮🇹 · Stefano Ragazzi🇮🇹 and 5 other authors

    While the mass differences between neutrino mass states are known, their absolute masses and mass hierarchy have not yet been determined. Determining the mass of neutrinos provides access to physics beyond the Standard Model and the resulting value has implications for the growth of large-scale structure in the universe over cosmic history. Because of the importance of the topic, a number of efforts are already underway to determine the mass of neutrinos including direct kinematic measurements and indirect measurements of astrophysical phenomena that constrain the sum of the mass eigenstates through models of cosmic evolution. Here, we advocate for a collaborative international effort to perform a kinematic determination of the effective electron neutrino mass using calorimetric measurements of the decay of 163Ho. This effort is justified by the success of current experiments using the technique, its high benefit-to-cost ratio, the value of approaches with different systematic errors, and the value of measuring the electron neutrino mass rather than the electron anti-neutrino mass.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phphysics.ins-det5 citations
51. 51*

    Further swampland constraint on Dirac Neutrino

    Taiga Harada🇯🇵 · Yu Nakayama🇯🇵

    Recent studies on swampland conjectures (e.g. non-SUSY AdS conjecture or AdS distance conjecture) predict that the (lightest) neutrino must be Dirac and the mass must be cosmologically small $m<c{\Lambda }_{\text{cc}}^{1/4}\sim 10\text{meV}$. The Dirac neutrino naturally accompanies a $U(1)$ symmetry that can be embedded in the anomaly-free $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ global symmetry of the standard model. We point out that the swampland conjectures applied to a circle compactification with the $U(1)$ symmetry twisting lead to further constraints. In particular, the $U(1)$ symmetry must be broken down to ${\mathbb{Z}}_4$,${\mathbb{Z}}_8$ or ${\mathbb{Z}}_{10}$ in the case of normal hierarchy, and ${\mathbb{Z}}_4$ in the case of inverted hierarchy, providing evidence for the absence of continuous global symmetry in quantum gravity. We also predict a more constrained upper bound of the neutrino mass for each case.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phMod.Phys.Lett.A(2022)·4 citations
52. 52*

    The International Linear Collider: Report to Snowmass 2021

    Alexander Aryshev · Ties Behnke · Mikael Berggren · James Brau · Nathaniel Craig · Ayres Freitas · Frank Gaede · Spencer Gessner · Stefania Gori · Christophe Grojean · Sven Heinemeyer · Daniel Jeans and 500 other authors

    The International Linear Collider (ILC) is on the table now as a new global energy-frontier accelerator laboratory taking data in the 2030s. The ILC addresses key questions for our current understanding of particle physics. It is based on a proven accelerator technology. Its experiments will challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and will provide a new window to look beyond it. This document brings the story of the ILC up to date, emphasizing its strong physics motivation, its readiness for construction, and the opportunity it presents to the US and the global particle physics community.

    ↳ physics.acc-phhep-exhep-ph298 citations
53. 53*

    Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Cosmic Microwave Background Measurements White Paper

    Clarence L. Chang · Kevin M. Huffenberger · Bradford A. Benson · Federico Bianchini · Jens Chluba · Jacques Delabrouille · Raphael Flauger · Shaul Hanany · William C. Jones · Alan J. Kogut · Jeffrey J. McMahon · Joel Meyers and 120 other authors

    This is a solicited whitepaper for the Snowmass 2021 community planning exercise. The paper focuses on measurements and science with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The CMB is foundational to our understanding of modern physics and continues to be a powerful tool driving our understanding of cosmology and particle physics. In this paper, we outline the broad and unique impact of CMB science for the High Energy Cosmic Frontier in the upcoming decade. We also describe the progression of ground-based CMB experiments, which shows that the community is prepared to develop the key capabilities and facilities needed to achieve these transformative CMB measurements.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMgr-qchep-ex+154 citations
54. 54*

    The REDTOP experiment: Rare $\eta /{\eta }^{\prime }$ Decays To Probe New Physics

    REDTOP Collaboration

    The $\eta$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }$ mesons are nearly unique in the particle universe since they are almost Goldstone bosons and the dynamics of their decays are strongly constrained. The integrated $\eta$-meson samples collected in earlier experiments amount to $\sim 10^9$ events. A new experiment, REDTOP (Rare Eta Decays To Probe New Physics), is being proposed, with the intent of collecting a data sample of order 10${}^{14}$ $\eta$ (10${}^{12}$ ${\eta }^{\prime }$) for studying very rare decays. Such statistics are sufficient for investigating several symmetry violations, and for searching for particles and fields beyond the Standard Model. In this work we present several studies evaluating REDTOP sensitivity to processes that couple the Standard Model to New Physics through all four of the so-called \emph{portals}: the Vector, the Scalar, the Axion and the Heavy Lepton portal. The sensitivity of the experiment is also adequate for probing several conservation laws, in particular $CP$, $T$ and Lepton Universality, and for the determination of the $\eta$ form factors, which is crucial for the interpretation of the recent measurement of muon $g-2$.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph64 citations
55. 55*

    Measuring the tau polarization at ILC

    Keita Yumino🇯🇵 · Daniel Jeans🇯🇵

    Measurement of the tau lepton polarization in \eett\ is an important electro-weak measurement at ILC and other future electron-positron colliders. In this paper we discuss several methods to extract polarimeter information for \eett\ events at the nominal centre-of-mass energy, and develop a new method, based on charged particle impact parameter measurement, which can accurately reconstruct tau momenta even in events with significant Initial State Radiation. In future work we will extend the study to estimate the precision with which the tau polarization can be measured at ILC-250, both for high-mass tau pairs and for those which radiatively return to the $Z^0$ peak. This will complement our past study which showed that the tau polarization can be measured to better than 1\% at the ILC-500.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph6 citations
56. 56*

    Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier White Paper: 21cm Radiation as a Probe of Physics Across Cosmic Ages

    Adrian Liu🇨🇦 · Laura Newburgh🇺🇸 · Benjamin Saliwanchik🇺🇸 · Anže Slosar🇺🇸

    The 21cm line refers to a forbidden transition in neutral hydrogen associated with alignment of spins of the proton and electron. It is a very low energy transition that is emitted whenever there is neutral hydrogen in the Universe. Since baryons are mostly (~75%) hydrogen, one can in principle detect this emission throughout much of the history of the Universe. The dominant emission mechanism is different across cosmic ages. Before the photons decouple from matter, hydrogen is in an ionized state and does not emit in 21cm. After recombination and during the Dark Ages, at z ~ 30-1000, the 21cm emission is associated with density fluctuations in the neutral hydrogen medium. After the first stars turn on and galaxies begin to form, the 21cm emission traces bubbles of ionized hydrogen in the sea of the neutral medium. This epoch, spanning z ~ 6-30, is often referred to as cosmic dawn and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). At redshifts below z<6, the intergalactic medium is largely ionized, but pockets of self-shielded neutral gas form in dense galactic environments and 21cm emission traces the distribution of galaxies. The vastly different emission mechanisms allow us to probe very different physics at different redshifts, corresponding to different observational frequencies. The instrumental challenges, namely building very sensitive and exquisitely calibrated radio telescopes, however, share many commonalities across frequency bands. The potential of the 21cm probe has been recognized by the Decadal Survey of Astronomy & Astrophysics, whose Panel on Cosmology identified the Dark Ages as its sole discovery area. We argue that HEP should recognize the potential of 21cm as a probe of fundamental physics across many axes and invest in the technology development that will enable full exploitation of this rich technique.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMhep-exhep-ph28 citations
57. 57*

    Simulated Detector Performance at the Muon Collider

    Nazar Bartosik · Karol Krizka · Simone Pagan Griso · Chiara Aimè · Aram Apyan · Mohammed Attia Mahmoud · Alessandro Bertolin · Alessandro Braghieri · Laura Buonincontri · Simone Calzaferri · Massimo Casarsa · Luca Castelli and 59 other authors

    In this paper we report on the current status of studies on the expected performance for a detector designed to operate in a muon collider environment. Beam-induced backgrounds (BIB) represent the main challenge in the design of the detector and the event reconstruction algorithms. The current detector design aims to show that satisfactory performance can be achieved, while further optimizations are expected to significantly improve the overall performance. We present the characterization of the expected beam-induced background, describe the detector design and software used for detailed event simulations taking into account BIB effects. The expected performance of charged-particle reconstruction, jets, electrons, photons and muons is discussed, including an initial study on heavy-flavor jet tagging. A simple method to measure the delivered luminosity is also described. Overall, the proposed design and reconstruction algorithms can successfully reconstruct the high transverse-momentum objects needed to carry out a broad physics program.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph87 citations
58. 58*

    Detection of Early-Universe Gravitational Wave Signatures and Fundamental Physics

    Robert Caldwell · Yanou Cui · Huai-Ke Guo · Vuk Mandic · Alberto Mariotti · Jose Miguel No · Michael J. Ramsey-Musolf · Mairi Sakellariadou · Kuver Sinha · Lian-Tao Wang · Graham White · Yue Zhao and 25 other authors

    Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal -- including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes -- and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thGen.Rel.Grav.(2022)·158 citations
59. 59*

    Snowmass 2021 CMB-S4 White Paper

    Kevork Abazajian🇺🇸 · Arwa Abdulghafour🇦🇺 · Graeme E. Addison🇨🇭 · Peter Adshead🇺🇸 · Zeeshan Ahmed🇺🇸 · Marco Ajello🇺🇸 · Daniel Akerib🇺🇸 · Steven W. Allen🇺🇸 · David Alonso🇬🇧 · Marcelo Alvarez🇺🇸 · Mustafa A. Amin🇺🇸 · Mandana Amiri🇨🇦 and 344 other authors

    This Snowmass 2021 White Paper describes the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 project CMB-S4, which is designed to cross critical thresholds in our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. We provide an overview of the science case, the technical design, and project plan.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.IMgr-qchep-ex+1175 citations
60. 60*

    Higgs Self Couplings Measurements at Future proton-proton Colliders: a Snowmass White Paper

    Angela Taliercio🇧🇪 · Paola Mastrapasqua🇧🇪 · Claudio Caputo🇧🇪 · Pietro Vischia🇧🇪 · Nicola De Filippis🇮🇹 · Pushpalatha Bhat🇺🇸

    The Higgs boson trilinear and quartic self-couplings are directly related to the shape of the Higgs potential; measuring them with precision is extremely important, as they provide invaluable information on the electroweak symmetry breaking and the electroweak phase transition. In this paper, we perform a detailed analysis of double Higgs boson production, through the gluon gluon fusion process, in the most promising decay channels di-bottom-quark di-photons, di-bottom-quark di-tau, and four-bottom-quark for several future colliders: the HL-LHC at 14 TeV and the FCC-hh at 100 TeV, assuming respectively 3 inverse ab and 30 inverse ab of integrated luminosity. In the HL LHC scenario, we expect an upper limit on the di Higgs cross section production of 0.76 at 95% confidence level, corresponding to a significance of 2.8 sigma. In the FCC-hh scenario, depending on the assumed detector performance and systematic uncertainties, we expect that the Higgs self-coupling will be measured with a precision in the range 4.8-8.5% at 95% confidence level.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph10 citations
61. 61*

    From Twistor-Particle Models to Massive Amplitudes

    Giulia Albonico🇬🇧 · Yvonne Geyer🇹🇭 · Lionel Mason🇬🇧

    In his twistor-particle programme of the 1970's, Roger Penrose introduced a representation of the massive particle phase space in terms of a pair of twistors subject to an internal symmetry group. Here we use this representation to introduce a chiral string whose target is a complexification of this space, extended so as to incorporate supersymmetry. We show that the gauge anomalies associated to the internal symmetry group vanish only for maximal supersymmetry, and that correlators in these string models describe amplitudes involving massive particles with manifest supersymmetry. The models and amplitude formulae exhibit a double copy structure from gauge theory on the Coulomb branch to gravity, although the graviton remains massless. The formulae are closely related to those obtained earlier by the authors expressed in terms of the polarised scattering equations.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phSIGMA(2022)·16 citations
62. 62*

    New tests of dark sector interactions from the full-shape galaxy power spectrum

    Rafael C Nunes🇧🇷 · Sunny Vagnozzi🇬🇧 · Suresh Kumar🇮🇳 · Eleonora Di Valentino🇬🇧 · Olga Mena🇪🇸

    We explore the role of redshift-space galaxy clustering data in constraining non-gravitational interactions between dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), for which state-of-the-art limits have so far been obtained from late-time background measurements. We use the joint likelihood for pre-reconstruction full-shape (FS) galaxy power spectrum and post-reconstruction Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements from the BOSS DR12 sample, alongside Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from \textit{Planck}: from this dataset combination we infer $H_0=68.02_{-0.60}^{+0.49}\mathrm{km}/\mathrm{s}/\mathrm{Mpc}$ and the 2$\sigma$ lower limit $\xi >-0.12$, among the strongest limits ever reported on the DM-DE coupling strength $\xi$ for the particular model considered. Contrary to what has been observed for the $\Lambda$CDM model and simple extensions thereof, we find that the CMB+FS combination returns tighter constraints compared to the CMB+BAO one, suggesting that there is valuable additional information contained in the broadband of the power spectrum. We test this finding by running additional CMB-free analyses and removing sound horizon information, and discuss the important role of the equality scale in setting constraints on DM-DE interactions. Our results reinforce the critical role played by redshift-space galaxy clustering measurements in the epoch of precision cosmology, particularly in relation to tests of non-minimal dark sector extensions of the $\Lambda$CDM model.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2022)·146 citations
63. 63*

    Snowmass White Paper: The Cosmological Bootstrap

    Daniel Baumann🇳🇱 · Daniel Green🇺🇸 · Austin Joyce🇺🇸 · Enrico Pajer🇬🇧 · Guilherme L. Pimentel🇳🇱 · Charlotte Sleight🇬🇧 · Massimo Taronna🇮🇹

    This white paper summarizes recent progress in the cosmological bootstrap, an approach to the study of the statistics of primordial fluctuations from consistency with unitarity, locality and symmetry assumptions. We review the key ideas of the bootstrap method, with an eye towards future directions and ambitions of the program. Focusing on recent progress involving de Sitter and quasi-de Sitter backgrounds, we highlight the role of singularities and unitarity in constraining the form of the correlators. We also discuss nonperturbative formulations of the bootstrap, connections to anti-de Sitter space, and potential implications for holography.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phSciPost Phys.Comm.Rep.(2024)·230 citations
64. 64*

    Inflation: Theory and Observations

    Ana Achúcarro🇳🇱 · Matteo Biagetti🇮🇹 · Matteo Braglia🇪🇸 · Giovanni Cabass🇺🇸 · Robert Caldwell🇺🇸 · Emanuele Castorina🇮🇹 · Xingang Chen🇺🇸 · William Coulton🇺🇸 · Raphael Flauger🇺🇸 · Jacopo Fumagalli🇪🇸 · Mikhail M. Ivanov🇺🇸 · Hayden Lee🇺🇸 and 10 other authors

    Cosmic inflation provides a window to the highest energy densities accessible in nature, far beyond those achievable in any realistic terrestrial experiment. Theoretical insights into the inflationary era and its observational probes may therefore shed unique light on the physical laws underlying our universe. This white paper describes our current theoretical understanding of the inflationary era, with a focus on the statistical properties of primordial fluctuations. In particular, we survey observational targets for three important signatures of inflation: primordial gravitational waves, primordial non-Gaussianity and primordial features. With the requisite advancements in analysis techniques, the tremendous increase in the raw sensitivities of upcoming and planned surveys will translate to leaps in our understanding of the inflationary paradigm and could open new frontiers for cosmology and particle physics. The combination of future theoretical and observational developments therefore offer the potential for a dramatic discovery about the nature of cosmic acceleration in the very early universe and physics on the smallest scales.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-th325 citations
65. 65*

    Anomalous production of massive gauge boson pairs at muon colliders

    Brad Abbott🇺🇸 · Aram Apyan🇺🇸 · Bianca Azartash-Namin🇺🇸 · Veena Balakrishnan🇺🇸 · Jeffrey Berryhill🇺🇸 · Shih-Chieh Hsu🇺🇸 · Sergo Jindariani🇺🇸 · Mayuri Kawale🇺🇸 · Elham E Khoda🇺🇸 · Ryan Parsons🇺🇸 · Alexander Schuy🇺🇸 · Michael Strauss🇺🇸 · John Stupak🇺🇸 · Connor Waits🇺🇸

    The prospects of searches for anomalous production of hadronically decaying weak boson pairs at proposed high-energy muon colliders are reported. Muon-muon collision events are simulated at $\sqrt{s}=6$, 10, and 30 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $4$, $10$, and $10$ ab${}^{-1}$, respectively. Simulated $\mu \mu \to \mathrm{WW}+\nu \nu /\mu \mu$ events are used to set expected constraints on the structure of quartic vector boson interactions in the framework of a dimension-8 effective field theory. Similarly, $\mu \mu \to \mathrm{WW}/\mathrm{ZZ}+\nu \nu$ events are used to report constraints on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for vector boson fusion production of a heavy neutral Higgs boson decaying to weak boson pairs. These results are interpreted in the context of the Georgi-Machacek model.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPRD(2023)·12 citations
66. 66*

    Bounding Violations of the Weak Gravity Conjecture

    Johan Henriksson🇮🇹 · Brian McPeak🇮🇹 · Francesco Russo🇮🇹 · Alessandro Vichi🇮🇹

    The black hole weak gravity conjecture (WGC) is a set of linear inequalities on the four-derivative corrections to Einstein--Maxwell theory. Remarkably, in four dimensions, these combinations appear in the $2\to 2$ photon amplitudes, leading to the hope that the conjecture might be supported using dispersion relations. However, the presence of a pole arising in the forward limit due to graviton exchange greatly complicates the use of such arguments. In this paper, we apply recently developed numerical techniques to handle the graviton pole, and we find that standard dispersive arguments are not strong enough to imply the black hole WGC. Specifically, under a fairly typical set of assumptions, including weak coupling of the EFT and Regge boundedness, a small violation of the black hole WGC is consistent with unitarity and causality. We quantify the size of this violation, which vanishes in the limit where gravity decouples and also depends logarithmically on an infrared cutoff. We discuss the meaning of these bounds in various scenarios. We also implement a method for bounding amplitudes without manifestly positive spectral densities, which could be applied to any system of non-identical states, and we use it to improve bounds on the EFT of pure photons in absence of gravity.

    ↳ hep-thgr-qchep-phJHEP(2022)·87 citations
67. 67*

    Electroweak Precision Measurements in Diboson Production at CMS

    Pietro Vischia🇧🇪

    In this contribution, I have outlined recent precision measurements of the standard model (SM) multiboson production at CMS. A study of diboson production at 5 TeV constitutes an important probe of the SM at a new energy, and the data favour NNLO predictions obtained by MATRIX. A study of WZ production at 13 TeV constitutes the most comprehensive study of WZ production to date, containing inclusive and differential cross section measurements, charge asymmetry measurements, constraints on the LHC proton parton distribution functions, and constraints on anomalous values of the WWZ trilinear gauge coupling. No evidence for new physics is found, and all the results favour SM predictions calculated at NNLO using MATRIX.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.