Fri·Dec 10, 2021Friday·December 10, 2021

1. 01*

   Deciphering the role of multiple scatterings and time delays in the in-medium emission process

   Carlota Andres🇫🇷 · Liliana Apolinario🇵🇹 · Fabio Dominguez🇪🇸 · Marcos Gonzalez Martinez🇪🇸 · Carlos A. Salgado🇪🇸

   In this work we use the all-order resummed solution of the BDMPS-Z spectrum to shed light on the dynamics that controls the in-medium radiation process for each kinematical regime. We find that multiple scatterings are essential to correctly describe the radiation process both in the low and mid-energy regime, while in the high-energy region one single hard scattering is enough. Furthermore, we compute the all-order spectrum when the medium is produced with a time delay with respect to the hard process in which the parent parton was created. The propagation of the hard parton though vacuum before the medium formation induces extra medium-induced radiation which might have an impact on phenomenological analyses.

   hep-phnucl-thPoS(2022)·0 citations
2. 02*

   Accessing subnuclear fluctuations and saturation with multiplicity dependent $J/\psi$ production in p+p and p+Pb collisions

   Farid Salazar🇺🇸 · Björn Schenke🇺🇸 · Alba Soto-Ontoso🇫🇷

   We study the production of $J/\psi$ vector mesons as a function of charged hadron multiplicity in p+p and p+Pb collisions at LHC energies. We employ the color glass condensate framework, using running coupling Balitsky-Kovchegov evolved dipole amplitudes, to compute gluon and $c\bar{c}$-pair production. We use fragmentation functions to obtain charged hadrons, and explore two different hadronization schemes for the $J/\psi$: non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics and the improved color evaporation model. In our framework, event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations of both hadrons and $J/\psi$ are driven by geometric and saturation scale normalization fluctuations. Studying the correlation between $J/\psi$ and hadron multiplicity, we show that the characteristic difference between forward and backward rapidity in p+Pb collisions is a result of different degrees of saturation probed at different rapidities. We demonstrate that experimental data on heavy-flavor production as a function of event activity provide stringent constraints on the fluctuating proton structure.

   hep-phnucl-thPLB(2022)·23 citations
3. 03*

   Analysis of the pseudoscalar hidden-charm tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules

   Zhi-Gang Wang🇨🇳 · Qi Xin🇨🇳

   In this work, we take all the color-antitriplet diquarks, such as the scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axialvector and tensor diquarks, as the basic constituents to construct the local pseudoscalar four-quark currents without importing the explicit P-waves to implement the negative-parity, and investigate the mass spectroscopy of the pseudoscalar hidden-charm tetraquark states without strange, with strange and with hidden-strange in the framework of the QCD sum rules in a consistent and comprehensive way. We obtain the lowest mass $4.56\pm 0.08\mathrm{GeV}$ for the pseudoscalar tetraquark state with the symbolic quark constituents $c\bar{c}u\bar{d}$, which is much larger than the experimental value $4239\pm 18{}_{-10}^{+45}\mathrm{MeV}$ extracted by the LHCb collaboration.

   hep-phNPB(2022)·17 citations
4. 04*

   Probing the properties of superheavy dark matter annihilating or decaying into neutrinos with ultra-high energy neutrino experiments

   Claire Guépin🇺🇸 · Roberto Aloisio🇮🇹 · Luis A. Anchordoqui🇺🇸 · Austin Cummings🇮🇹 · John F. Krizmanic🇺🇸 · Angela V. Olinto🇺🇸 · Mary Hall Reno🇺🇸 · Tonia M. Venters🇺🇸

   The evidence for dark matter particles, $\chi$, is compelling based on Galactic to cosmological scale observations. Thus far, the promising weakly interacting massive particle scenario have eluded detection, motivating alternative models of dark matter. We consider scenarios involving superheavy dark matter (SHDM) that potentially can decay or annihilate to neutrinos and antineutrinos. In the mass range $m_{\chi }=10^7-10^{15}\mathrm{GeV}$, we evaluate the sensitivities of future observatories POEMMA and GRAND for indirect dark matter detection via the measurement of neutrino-induced extensive air showers (EAS), compute the Auger and ANITA limits using their last up-to-date sensitivities, and compare them with IceCube limits. We also show that the uncertainties related to the dark matter distribution in the Galactic halo have a large impact on the neutrino flux. We show that a ground-based radio detector such as GRAND can achieve high sensitivities due to its large effective area and high duty cycle. Space-based Cherenkov detectors such as POEMMA that measure the EAS optical Cherenkov signal have the advantage of full-sky coverage and rapid slewing, enabling an optimized SHDM observation strategy focusing on the Galactic Center. We show that increasing the field of view of the Cherenkov detectors can significantly enhance the sensitivity. Moreover, POEMMA's fluorescence observation mode that measures EAS above $20$EeV will achieve state-of-the-art sensitivity to SHDM properties at the highest mass scales.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEPoS(2021)·7 citations
5. 05*

   Testing Super-Heavy Dark Matter from Primordial Black Holes with Gravitational Waves

   Rome Samanta🇨🇿 · Federico R. Urban🇨🇿

   Ultra-light primordial black holes with masses $M_{BH}<10^9$~g evaporate before big-bang nucleosynthesis producing all matter fields, including dark matter, in particular super-heavy dark matter: $M_{DM}\gtrsim 10^{10}$ GeV. If the dark matter gets its mass via $U(1)$ symmetry-breaking, the phase transition that gives a mass to the dark matter also produces cosmic strings which radiate gravitational waves. Because the symmetry-breaking scale ${\Lambda }_{CS}$ is of the same order as $M_{DM}$, the gravitational waves radiated by the cosmic strings have a large enough amplitude to be detectable across all frequencies accessible with current and planned experimental facilities. Moreover, an epoch of early primordial black hole domination introduces a unique spectral break in the gravitational wave spectrum whose frequency is related to the super-heavy dark matter mass. Hence, the features of a stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves could indicate that super-heavy dark matter originated from primordial black holes. In this perspective, the recent finding of a stochastic common-spectrum process across many pulsars by two nano-frequency pulsar timing arrays would fix the dark matter mass to be $3\times 10^{13}\text{GeV}\lesssim M_{DM}\lesssim 10^{14}\text{GeV}$. The (non-)detection of a spectral break at $0.2\text{Hz}\lesssim f_{\ast }\lesssim 0.4\text{Hz}$ would (exclude) substantiate this interpretation of the signal.

   hep-phastro-ph.COJCAP(2022)·45 citations
6. 06*

   Analysis of virtual meson production in solvable (1+1) dimensional scalar field theory

   Yongwoo Choi🇰🇷 · Ho-Meoyng Choi🇰🇷 · Chueng-Ryong Ji🇺🇸 · Yongseok Oh🇰🇷

   Light-front time-ordered amplitudes are investigated in the virtual scalar meson production process in (1+1) dimensions using the solvable scalar field theory extended from the conventional Wick-Cutkosky model. There is only one Compton form factor (CFF) in the (1+1) dimensional computation of the virtual meson production process, and we compute both the real and imaginary parts of the CFF for the entire kinematic regions of $Q^2>0$ and $t<0$. We then analyze the contribution of each and every light-front time-ordered amplitude to the CFF as a function of $Q^2$ and $t$. In particular, we discuss the significance of the "cat's ears" contributions for gauge invariance and the validity of the "handbag dominance" in the formulation of the generalized parton distribution (GPD) function used typically in the analysis of deeply virtual meson production processes. We explicitly derive the GPD from the "handbag" light-front time-ordered amplitudes in the $-t/Q^2<<1$ limit and verify that the integrations of the GPD over the light-front longitudinal momentum fraction for the DGLAP and ERBL regions correspond to the valence and nonvalence contributions of the electromagnetic form factor that we have recently reported [Phys. Rev. D $\text{103}$, 076002 (2021)]. We also discuss the correspondence of the GPD to the parton distribution function for the analysis of the deep inelastic lepton-hadron scattering process and the utility of the new light-front longitudinal spatial variable $\tilde{z}$.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2022)·1 citation
7. 07*

   A new theoretical determination of $R_{\tau /P}$ $(P=\pi ,K)$

   Ignasi Rosell🇪🇸

   We have determined $R_{\tau /P}\equiv \Gamma (\tau \to P{\nu }_{\tau }[\gamma ])/\Gamma (P\to \mu {\nu }_{\mu }[\gamma ])$ ($P=\pi ,K$). Whereas $P$ decays are calculated by using Chiral Perturbation Theory (ChPT), $\tau$ decays have been studied with an effective approach where ChPT is enlarged by including the lightest resonances and following the high-energy behavior dictated by QCD. These ratios have allowed us to test the lepton universality and the CKM unitarity and also to search for bounds on non-standard interactions. Our results, $\delta R_{\tau /\pi }=(0.18\pm 0.57)\%$ and $\delta R_{\tau /K}=(0.97\pm 0.58)\%$, are consistent with the previous theoretical determinations, but with much more robust assumptions, yielding a reliable uncertainty.

   hep-phRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Going to the light front with contour deformations

   Gernot Eichmann🇵🇹 · Eduardo Ferreira🇵🇹 · Alfred Stadler🇵🇹

   We explore a new method to calculate the valence light-front wave function of a system of two interacting particles, which is based on contour deformations combined with analytic continuation methods to project the Bethe-Salpeter wave function onto the light front. In this proof-of-concept study, we solve the Bethe-Salpeter equation for a scalar model and find excellent agreement between the light-front wave functions obtained with contour deformations and those obtained with the Nakanishi method frequently employed in the literature. The contour-deformation method is also able to handle extensions of the scalar model that mimic certain features of QCD such as unequal masses and complex singularities. In principle the method is suitable for computing parton distributions on the light front such as PDFs, TMDs and GPDs in the future.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thPRD(2022)·27 citations
9. 09*

   Optimal configuration of Protvino to ORCA experiment for hierarchy and non-standard interactions

   Dinesh Kumar Singha🇮🇳 · Monojit Ghosh🇮🇳 · Rudra Majhi🇮🇳 · Rukmani Mohanta🇮🇳

   In this paper, we study the hierarchy sensitivity of Protvino to ORCA (P2O) experiment in three flavour scenario as well as its sensitivity to non-standard interactions (NSI) in neutrino propagation. Because of the largest possible baseline length of 2595 km, P2O is expected to have strong sensitivity towards neutrino mass hierarchy and NSI parameters. In our study, we show that even though the number of appearance channel events for the minimal configuration of P2O are higher compared to DUNE, still the hierarchy sensitivity of P2O is less than DUNE because of large background events. Our results show that for a background reduction factor of 0.46 and appearance channel background systematic normalization error of $4\%$, the hierarchy sensitivity of P2O becomes equivalent of DUNE for ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}=195^{\circ }$. We call this configuration of P2O as optimized P2O. Regarding the study of NSI, we find that, for ${ϵ}_{e\mu }$ (${ϵ}_{e\tau }$) sensitivity of DUNE is similar (better) as compared to optimized P2O when both ${ϵ}_{e\mu }$ and ${ϵ}_{e\tau }$ are included in the analysis. Our results show that in presence of NSI, the change of hierarchy sensitivity with respect to standard three flavor scenario, is higher in P2O as compared to DUNE. Further, hierarchy sensitivity in presence of NSI is lower (higher) than sensitivity in the standard three flavour scenario for ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}=270^{\circ }(90^{\circ })$. It is important to note that hierarchy sensitivity of optimized P2O does not get significantly better than DUNE for the current favourable values of ${\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}$ which is $180^{\circ }<{\delta }_{\mathrm{CP}}<360^{\circ }$ as obtained by the global analysis in both standard three flavour and in presence of NSI.

   hep-phJHEP(2022)·14 citations
10. 10*

    The pollution to the $K\pi$-puzzle from the isospin-breaking ${\pi }^0-\eta -{\eta }^{\prime }$ mixing effect

    Zhen-Hua Zhang🇨🇳

    The influence of the isospin-breaking ${\pi }^0-\eta -{\eta }^{\prime }$ mixing effect on the $CP$-asymmetries of $B\to K\pi$ processes is examined for the first time. It is found that this mixing effect brings a large uncertainty both to the $CP$-asymmetry sum rule of $B\to K\pi$ processes and the $CP$-asymmetry difference of the $B^{+}\to K^{+}{\pi }^0$ and $B^0\to K^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, obscuring the significance of the $K\pi$-puzzle. This uncertainty can be so large that it is even possible to explain the $K\pi$-puzzle by the ${\pi }^0-\eta -{\eta }^{\prime }$ mixing effect {\it alone}.

    hep-phCPC(2022)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Anomaly detection in high-energy physics using a quantum autoencoder

    Vishal S. Ngairangbam🇮🇳 · Michael Spannowsky🇬🇧 · Michihisa Takeuchi🇯🇵

    The lack of evidence for new interactions and particles at the Large Hadron Collider has motivated the high-energy physics community to explore model-agnostic data-analysis approaches to search for new physics. Autoencoders are unsupervised machine learning models based on artificial neural networks, capable of learning background distributions. We study quantum autoencoders based on variational quantum circuits for the problem of anomaly detection at the LHC. For a QCD $t\bar{t}$ background and resonant heavy Higgs signals, we find that a simple quantum autoencoder outperforms classical autoencoders for the same inputs and trains very efficiently. Moreover, this performance is reproducible on present quantum devices. This shows that quantum autoencoders are good candidates for analysing high-energy physics data in future LHC runs.

    hep-phquant-phPRD(2022)·112 citations
12. 12*

    Soft-collinear gravity beyond the leading power

    Martin Beneke🇩🇪 · Patrick Hager🇩🇪 · Robert Szafron🇺🇸

    We construct "soft-collinear gravity", the effective field theory which describes the interaction of collinear and soft gravitons with matter (and themselves), to all orders in the soft-collinear power expansion. Despite the absence of collinear divergences in gravity at leading power, the construction exhibits remarkable similarities with soft-collinear effective theory of QCD (gauge fields). It reveals an emergent soft background gauge symmetry, which allows for a manifestly gauge-invariant representation of the interactions in terms of a soft covariant derivative, the soft Riemann tensor, and a covariant generalisation of the collinear light-cone gauge metric field. The gauge symmetries control both the unsuppressed collinear field components and the inherent inhomogeneity in $\lambda$ of the invariant objects to all orders, resulting in a consistent expansion.

    hep-phgr-qchep-thJHEP(2022)·25 citations
13. 13*

    Tests of gluino-driven radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry at the LHC

    Amin Aboubrahim🇩🇪 · Michael Klasen🇩🇪 · Pran Nath🇺🇸 · Raza M. Syed🇦🇪

    The recent muon $g-2$ result from Fermilab combined with the Brookhaven result, strongly points to new physics beyond the Standard Model which can be well described by the electroweak sector of supersymmetry if the masses of the sleptons and some of the electroweak gauginos are in the few hundred GeV range. However, the Higgs boson mass measurement at 125 GeV indicates a mass scale for squarks which lies in the few TeV region indicating a split mass spectrum between squarks and sleptons. This apparent puzzle is resolved in a natural way in gluino-driven radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry where radiative breaking is driven by a large gluino mass and the gluino color interactions lead to a large splitting between the squarks and the sleptons. We show that an analysis without prejudice using an artificial neural network also leads to the gluino-driven radiative breaking. We use a set of benchmarks and a deep neural network analysis to test the model for the discovery of light sleptons and sneutrinos at HL-LHC and HE-LHC.

    hep-phPhys.Scripta(2022)·10 citations
14. 14*

    Timelike and spacelike kernel functions for the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment

    A.V.Nesterenko🇷🇺

    The complete set of relations, which mutually express the spacelike and timelike kernel functions for the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_{\mu }^{\text{HVP}}$ in terms of each other, is obtained. By making use of the derived relations the explicit expression for the next-to-leading order spacelike kernel function, which enters the representation for $a_{\mu }^{\text{HVP}}$ involving the hadronic vacuum polarization function, is obtained. The corresponding next-to-leading order spacelike kernel function, which appears in the representation for $a_{\mu }^{\text{HVP}}$ involving the Adler function, is calculated numerically. The obtained results can be employed in the assessments of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the framework of the spacelike methods, such as lattice studies, MUonE project, and others.

    hep-phhep-latJ.Phys.G(2022)·17 citations
15. 15*

    The Standard Model and Dark Matter in a unified Einstein-Dirac system with discrete extra dimensions

    Nguyen Ai Viet🇻🇳

    The Dirac-Einstein system of quark-leptons coupled to gravity is constructed generalized in the space-time extended with chiral and dark discrete extra dimensions. The Einstein's gravity, all the Standard Model's gauge vector, and Higgs fields together with a dark photon, whose mass is generated by a dark Higgs scalar, can be incorporated in this framework as components of the generalized vielbein. The Standard Model derived from the extended Einstein-Hilbert action must satisfy some conditions leading to the predictions of Weinberg angle, Higgs and top quark masses in excellent agreement with experiments. Since, the Dirac operator extended by discrete derivatives has resulted in a non-diagonal mass matrix, which mixes each quark-lepton with its Kaluza-Klein partner. On one hand, the small mixing angle set a Stueckelberg mass to the quark-leptons' Kaluza-Klein partners at least in the hundreds TeV range. On the other hand, it implies weak couplings between the Kaluza-Klein partners of quark-leptons and the Standard Model's gauge vector fields. This feature indicates that these Kaluza-Klein modes can be considered as candidates of dark matters.

    hep-phgr-qchep-th0 citations
16. 16*

    Reconstructing partonic kinematics at colliders with Machine Learning

    David F. Rentería-Estrada🇲🇽 · Roger J. Hernández-Pinto🇲🇽 · German F. R. Sborlini🇩🇪 · Pia Zurita🇩🇪

    In the context of high-energy physics, a reliable description of the parton-level kinematics plays a crucial role for understanding the internal structure of hadrons and improving the precision of the calculations. Here, we study the production of one hadron and a direct photon, including up to Next-to-Leading Order Quantum Chromodynamics and Leading-Order Quantum Electrodynamics corrections. Using a code based on Monte-Carlo integration, we simulate the collisions and analyze the events to determine the correlations among measurable and partonic quantities. Then, we use these results to feed three different Machine Learning algorithms that allow us to find the momentum fractions of the partons involved in the process, in terms of suitable combinations of the final state momenta. Our results are compatible with previous findings and suggest a powerful application of Machine-Learning to model high-energy collisions at the partonic-level with high-precision.

    hep-phhep-exSciPost Phys.Core(2022)·9 citations
17. 17*

    Machine-enhanced CP-asymmetries in the Higgs sector

    Akanksha Bhardwaj🇬🇧 · Christoph Englert🇬🇧 · Robert Hankache🇬🇧 · Andrew D. Pilkington🇬🇧

    Improving the sensitivity to CP-violation in the Higgs sector is one of the pillars of the precision Higgs programme at the Large Hadron Collider. We present a simple method that allows CP-sensitive observables to be directly constructed from the output of neural networks. We show that these observables have improved sensitivity to CP-violating effects in the production and decay of the Higgs boson, when compared to the use of traditional angular observables alone. The kinematic correlations identified by the neural networks can be used to design new analyses based on angular observables, with a similar improvement in sensitivity.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2022)·22 citations
18. 18*

    Neutrino Transition in Dark Matter

    Eung Jin Chun🇰🇷

    An ultralight dark matter may have interesting implications in neutrino physics which have been studied actively in recent years. It is pointed out that there appears yet unexplored medium effect in neutrino transitions which occurs at the first order in perturbation of the neutrino-medium interaction. We derive the general formula for the neutrino transition probability in a medium which describes the standard neutrino oscillation as well as the new medium contribution. It turns out that such an effect constrains the model parameter space more than ever.

    hep-ph25 citations
19. 19*

    Constraints on antisymmetric tensor fields from Bhabha scattering

    Siddharth Tiwary🇨🇦 · Rainer Dick🇨🇦

    Antisymmetric tensor fields are a compelling prediction of string theory. This makes them an interesting target for particle physics because antisymmetric tensors may couple to electromagnetic dipole moments, thus opening a possible discovery opportunity for string theory. The strongest constraints on electromagnetic dipole couplings would arise from couplings to electrons, where these couplings would contribute to Moller and Bhabha scattering. Previous measurements of Bhabha scattering constrain the couplings to ${\tilde{M}}_e{m}_C>7.1\times 10^4{\mathrm{GeV}}^2$, where $m_C$ is the mass of the antisymmetric tensor field and ${\tilde{M}}_e$ is an effective mass scale appearing in the electromagnetic dipole coupling.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2021)·5 citations
20. 20*

    Revisiting NLO QCD corrections to total inclusive J/psi and Upsilon photoproduction cross sections in lepton-proton collisions

    Alice Colpani Serri🇫🇷 · Yu Feng🇨🇳 · Carlo Flore🇫🇷 · Jean-Philippe Lansberg🇫🇷 · Melih A. Ozcelik🇫🇷 · Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷 · Yelyzaveta Yedelkina🇫🇷

    We revisit inclusive J/psi and Upsilon photoproduction at lepton-hadron colliders, namely in the limit when the exchanged photon is quasi real. Our computation includes the next-to-leading-order (NLO) alpha_s corrections to the leading-order contributions in v. Similarly to the case of NLO charmonium-hadroproduction processes, the resulting cross sections obtained in the MS-bar factorisation scheme are sometimes found to be negative. We show that the scale-fixing criteria which we derived in a previous study of eta(c) production successfully solves this problem from the EicC all the way up to the FCC-eh energies. We then elaborate on how to study a scale uncertainty akin to that derived by scale variations when one fixes a scale. In turn, we investigate where both J/psi and Upsilon photoproduction could be used to improve our knowledge of gluon content of the proton at scales as low as a couple of GeV.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPLB(2022)·33 citations
21. 21*

    Non-planar elliptic vertex

    M.A. Bezuglov🇷🇺 · A.I. Onishchenko🇷🇺

    We consider the problem of obtaining higher order in regularization parameter $ϵ$ analytical results for master integrals with elliptics. The two commonly employed methods are provided by the use of differential equations and direct integration of parametric representations in terms of iterated integrals. Taking non-planar elliptic vertex as an example we show that in addition to two mentioned methods one can use analytical solution of differential equations in terms of power series. Moreover, in the last case it is possible to obtain the exact in $ϵ$ results expressible either in terms of generalized hypergeometric or Kampé de Fériet functions

    hep-phJHEP(2022)·7 citations
22. 22*

    CE$\nu$NS as a probe of flavored generalized neutrino interactions

    L. J. Flores🇲🇽 · Newton Nath🇮🇹 · Eduardo Peinado🇲🇽

    We examine the potential to probe generalized neutrino interactions (GNI), exotic effective couplings due to new physics interactions beyond the Standard Model, in the coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments in light of the latest COHERENT-CsI, and -LAr data. Our analysis focuses on scalar, vector and tensor flavored-GNI parameters. A combined analysis has been made to constrain these exotic couplings for the CsI and LAr detector. We further add the projected forthcoming reactor-based Scintillating Bubble Chamber detector to examine these couplings. It has been observed that the addition of reactor data strongly constrained electron flavor GNI.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·29 citations
23. 23*

    Simulations of axion-like particles in the post-inflationary scenario

    Ciaran A. J. O'Hare🇦🇺 · Giovanni Pierobon🇦🇺 · Javier Redondo🇪🇸 · Yvonne Y.Y. Wong🇦🇺

    Axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) are some of the most popular candidates for dark matter, with several viable production scenarios that make different predictions. In the scenario in which the axion is born after inflation, its field develops significant inhomogeneity and evolves in a highly nonlinear fashion. Understanding the eventual abundance and distribution of axionic dark matter in this scenario therefore requires dedicated numerical simulations. So far the community has focused its efforts on simulations of the QCD axion, a model that predicts a specific temperature dependence for the axion mass. Here, we go beyond the QCD axion, and perform a suite of simulations over a range of possible temperature dependencies labelled by a power-law index. We study the complex dynamics of the axion field, including the scaling of cosmic strings and domain walls, the spectrum of non-relativistic axions, the lifetime and internal structure of axitons, and the seeds of miniclusters. In particular, we quantify how much the string-wall network contributes to the dark matter abundance as a function of how quickly the axion mass grows. We find that a temperature-independent model produces 25\% more dark matter than the standard misalignment calculation. In contrast to this generic ALP, QCD axion models are almost six times less efficient at producing dark matter. Given the flourishing experimental campaign to search for ALPs, these results have potentially wide implications for direct and indirect searches.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2022)·79 citations
24. 24*

    Probing B-Anomalies via Dimuon Tails at a Future Collider

    Bradley Garland🇬🇧 · Sebastian Jäger🇬🇧 · Charanjit K. Khosa🇮🇹 · Sandra Kvedaraitė🇺🇸

    We investigate the sensitivity of future proton-proton colliders to a contact interaction of the form $1/{\Lambda }^2({\bar{b}}_L{\gamma }_{\mu }{s}_L)({\bar{\mu }}_L{\gamma }^{\mu }{\mu }_L)$ as indicated by the long-standing rare $B$-decay anomalies. We include NLO QCD and electroweak effects and employ an optimized binning scheme, and carefully validate our background calculation against ATLAS and CMS data. We find that the FCC-hh with $40$ ab${}^{-1}$ of luminosity is able to exclude scales $\Lambda$ up to 26 TeV at $95\%$ CL, and discover $\Lambda$ up to 20 TeV. While this is not quite enough to exclude or discover the current best-fit value of $39$ TeV, this can in principle be achieved with more luminosity and/or higher energy, as we study quantitatively. Our analysis is conservative in that it assumes only a $\bar{b}s\mu \mu$ contact interaction.

    hep-phPRD(2022)·9 citations
25. 25*

    The LPM effect in sequential bremsstrahlung: analytic results for sub-leading (single) logarithms

    Peter Arnold🇺🇸 · Tyler Gorda🇩🇪 · Shahin Iqbal🇵🇰

    Consider the in-medium splitting $g\to gg$ of a very high-energy gluon traversing a QCD medium, accounting for the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. It has been known for some time that soft radiative corrections to that splitting generate a double-log correction to the splitting rate, whose effects can be absorbed into running of the medium parameter $\hat{q}$ describing the rate of transverse momentum kicks to high-energy particles due to small-angle scattering from the medium. Less has been known about sub-leading, single logarithms in this context. In this paper, we find analytic formulas for those single logs (with various caveats and clarifications).

    hep-phnucl-thJHEP(2022)·30 citations
26. 26*

    Recasting LHC searches for long-lived particles with MadAnalysis 5

    Jack Y. Araz🇬🇧 · Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Mark D. Goodsell🇫🇷 · Manuel Utsch🇫🇷

    We present an extension of the simplified fast detector simulator of MadAnalysis 5 - the SFS framework - with methods making it suitable for the treatment of long-lived particles of any kind. This allows users to make use of intuitive Python commands and straightforward C++ methods to introduce detector effects relevant for long-lived particles, and to implement selection cuts and plots related to their properties. In particular, the impact of the magnetic field inside a typical high-energy physics detector on the trajectories of any charged object can now be easily simulated. As an illustration of the capabilities of this new development, we implement three existing LHC analyses dedicated to long-lived objects, namely a CMS run 2 search for displaced leptons in the $e\mu$ channel (CMS-EXO-16-022), the full run 2 CMS search for disappearing track signatures (CMS-EXO-19-010), and the partial run 2 ATLAS search for displaced vertices featuring a pair of oppositely-charged leptons (ATLAS-SUSY-2017-04). We document the careful validation of all MadAnalysis 5 SFS implementations of these analyses, which are publicly available as entries in the MadAnalysis 5 Public Analysis Database and its associated dataverse.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2022)·37 citations
27. 27*

    Reionization in the Light of Dark Stars

    Paolo Gondolo🇺🇸 · Pearl Sandick🇺🇸 · Barmak Shams Es Haghi🇺🇸 · Eli Visbal🇺🇸

    We investigate the effect of Dark Stars (DSs) on the reionization history of the Universe, and the interplay between them and feedback due to Lyman-Werner (LW) radiation in reducing the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) optical depth to a value within the $\tau =0.054\pm 0.007$ range measured by Planck. We use a semi-analytic approach to evaluate reionization histories and CMB optical depths, which includes Population II (Pop II) stars in atomic cooling halos and Pop III stars in minihalos with LW feedback, preceded by a DS phase. We show that while LW feedback by itself can reduce the integrated optical depth to the last scattering surface to $\sim 0.05$ only if the Pop III star formation efficiency is less than $\sim 0.2\%$, the inclusion of a population of DSs can naturally lead to the measured CMB optical depth for much larger Pop III star formation efficiencies $\gtrsim 1\%$.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SRhep-phApJ(2022)·7 citations
28. 28*

    Building Quantum Field Theories Out of Neurons

    James Halverson🇺🇸

    An approach to field theory is studied in which fields are comprised of $N$ constituent random neurons. Gaussian theories arise in the infinite-$N$ limit when neurons are independently distributed, via the Central Limit Theorem, while interactions arise due to finite-$N$ effects or non-independently distributed neurons. Euclidean-invariant ensembles of neurons are engineered, with tunable two-point function, yielding families of Euclidean-invariant field theories. Some Gaussian, Euclidean invariant theories are reflection positive, which allows for analytic continuation to a Lorentz-invariant quantum field theory. Examples are presented that yield dual theories at infinite-$N$, but have different symmetries at finite-$N$. Landscapes of classical field configurations are determined by local maxima of parameter distributions. Predictions arise from mixed field-neuron correlators. Near-Gaussianity is exhibited at large-$N$, potentially explaining a feature of field theories in Nature.

    ↳ hep-thcs.LGhep-ph48 citations
29. 29*

    Constraining the position of the knee in the galactic cosmic ray spectrum with ultra-high-energy diffuse $\gamma$-rays

    Pei-pei Zhang🇨🇳 · Yi-qing Guo🇨🇳 · Bing-qiang Qiao🇨🇳 · Wei Liu🇨🇳

    The diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission was measured up to $957$ TeV by the Tibet-AS$\gamma$ experiment recently. Assuming that it is produced by the hadronic interaction between cosmic ray nuclei and the interstellar medium, it requires that the cosmic ray nuclei should be accelerated well beyond PeV energies. Measurements of the cosmic ray spectra for different species show diverse results at present. The Tibet experiments showed that the spectrum of proton plus helium has an early knee below PeV. If this is correct, the diffuse $\gamma$-ray emission would suggest an additional component of Galactic cosmic rays above PeV energies. This second component may originate from a source population of so-called PeVatrons revealed by recent ultra-high energy $\gamma$-ray observations, and could contribute to the cosmic ray fluxes up to the energy of the second knee. On the other hand, the KASCADE measurement showed that the knee of protons is higher than PeV. In this case, the diffuse $\gamma$-rays observed by Tibet-AS$\gamma$ can be well accounted for by only one cosmic ray component. These two scenarious (ie. the Tibet and KASCADE knees) could be distinguished by the spectral structures of diffuse $\gamma$-rays and cosmic ray nuclei. Future measurements of spectra of individual nuclei by HERD and LHAASO experiments and diffuse $\gamma$-rays by LHAASO can jointly constrain these two scenarios.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phApJ(2022)·2 citations
30. 30*

    Non-equilibrium cumulants within model A from crossover to first-order phase transition side

    Lijia Jiang🇨🇳 · Jingyi Chao🇨🇳

    We study the non-equilibrium cumulants of the chiral order parameter field ({\sigma} field) in different phase transition scenarios via Langevin dynamics. Cumulants up to fourth-order have been calculated based on the spacetimedependent {\sigma} configurations from the event-by-event numerical simulations. By limiting the cooling of the system in a Hubble-like way, the out-of-equilibrium cumulants illustrate clear memory effects during the evolution. Both the signs and the magnitudes of the high-order cumulants differ from the equilibrium ones below the phase transition temperature. Especially, the dynamical cumulants grow more intensively from the first-order phase transition side than they do from the crossover side. In addition, analysis of the high-order offequilibrium cumulants on the hypothetical freeze-out lines present non-monotonic curves in the large chemical potential region.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phEPJA(2023)·8 citations
31. 31*

    Hint for a minimal interaction length in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma \gamma$ annihilation in total cross section of centre-of-mass energies 55-207 GeV

    Yutao Chen🇨🇳 · Minghui Liu🇨🇳 · Jürgen Ulbricht🇨🇭

    The measurements of the total cross section of the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma \gamma$ reaction from the VENUS, TOPAS, OPAL, DELPHI, ALEPH and L3 collaborations, collected between 1989 to 2003, are used to perform a ${\chi }^2$ test to search for a finite interaction length in direct contact term. The experimental data of the total cross section compared to the QED cross section of a ${\chi }^2$ test allows, to set limit on a finite interaction length $r_e=(1.25\pm 0.16)\times 10^{-17}[cm]$. In the direct contact term annihilation is this interaction lengths a measure for the size of the electron.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phAdv.High Energy Phys.(2024)·1 citation
32. 32*

    Revisiting small-scale fluctuations in $\alpha$-attractor models of inflation

    Laura Iacconi🇬🇧 · Hooshyar Assadullahi🇬🇧 · Matteo Fasiello🇪🇸 · David Wands🇬🇧

    Cosmological $\alpha$-attractors stand out as particularly compelling models to describe inflation in the very early universe, naturally meeting tight observational bounds from cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. We investigate $\alpha$-attractor potentials in the presence of an inflection point, leading to enhanced curvature perturbations on small scales. We study both single- and multi-field models, driven by scalar fields living on a hyperbolic field space. In the single-field case, ultra-slow-roll dynamics at the inflection point is responsible for the growth of the power spectrum, while in the multi-field set-up we study the effect of geometrical destabilisation and non geodesic motion in field space. The two mechanisms can in principle be distinguished through the spectral shape of the resulting scalar power spectrum on small scales. These enhanced scalar perturbations can lead to primordial black hole (PBH) production and second-order gravitational wave (GW) generation. Due to the existence of universal predictions in $\alpha$-attractors, consistency with current CMB constraints on the large-scale spectral tilt implies that PBHs can only be produced with masses smaller than $10^8\text{g}$ and are accompanied by ultra-high frequency GWs, with a peak expected to be at frequencies of order $10\text{kHz}$ or above.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thJCAP(2022)·77 citations
33. 33*

    Weak Lensing Trispectrum and Kurt-Spectra

    Dipak Munshi🇬🇧 · Hayden Lee🇺🇸 · Cora Dvorkin🇺🇸 · Jason D. McEwen🇬🇧

    We introduce two kurt-spectra to probe fourth-order statistics of weak lensing convergence maps. Using state-of-the-art numerical simulations, we study the shapes of these kurt-spectra as a function of source redshifts and smoothing angular scales. We employ a pseudo-$C_{\ell }$ approach to estimate the spectra from realistic convergence maps in the presence of an observational mask and noise for stage-IV large-scale structure surveys. We compare these results against theoretical predictions calculated using the FFTLog formalism, and find that a simple nonlinear clustering model-the hierarchical ansatz-can reproduce the numerical trends for the kurt-spectra in the nonlinear regime. In addition, we provide estimators for beyond fourth-order spectra where no definitive analytical results are available, and present corresponding results from numerical simulations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2022)·11 citations
34. 34*

    Self-interacting Dark Scalar Spikes around Black Holes via Relativistic Bondi Accretion

    Wei-Xiang Feng🇺🇸 · Alessandro Parisi🇹🇼 · Chian-Shu Chen🇹🇼 · Feng-Li Lin🇹🇼

    We consider the spike mass density profile in a dark halo by self-consistently solving the relativistic Bondi accretion of dark matter onto a non-spining black hole of mass $M$. We assume that the dominant component of the dark matter in the halo is a Standard model gauge-singlet scalar. Its mass $m\simeq 10^{-5}\mathrm{eV}$ and quartic self-coupling $\lambda \lesssim 10^{-19}$ are constrained to be compatible with the properties of galactic dark halos. In the hydrodynamic limit, we find that the accretion rate is bounded from below, ${\dot{M}}_{\min }=96\pi G^2{M}^2{m}^4/\lambda {\hslash }^3$. Therefore, for $M=10^6{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }$ we have ${\dot{M}}_{\min }\simeq 1.41\times 10^{-9}{\mathrm{M}}_{\odot }{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$, which is subdominant compared to the Eddington accretion of baryons. The spike density profile ${\rho }_0(r)$ within the self-gravitating regime cannot be fitted well by a single-power law but a double-power one. Despite that, we can fit ${\rho }_0(r)$ piecewise and find that ${\rho }_0(r)\propto r^{-1.20}$ near the sound horizon, ${\rho }_0(r)\propto r^{-1.00}$ towards the Bondi radius and ${\rho }_0(r)\propto r^{-1.08}$ for the region in between. This contrasts with more cuspy ${\rho }_0(r)\propto r^{-1.75}$ for dark matter with Coulomb-like self-interaction.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-phJCAP(2022)·27 citations
35. 35*

    Three-particle scattering amplitudes from lattice QCD

    Fernando Romero-López🇺🇸

    Lattice QCD already offers the possibility of extracting three-hadron scattering quantities from first principles. In the last few years, significant progress has been achieved in developing and applying the finite-volume three-body formalism. The formalism is now able to treat physically relevant systems of three mesons, including those with resonances, as well as three-body decays. In this talk, I will review the state of the art, and comment on recent applications to lattice QCD data for systems of three pions and kaons.

    ↳ hep-lathep-phnucl-thRev.Mex.Fis.Suppl.(2022)·13 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.