Fri·Aug 30, 2019Friday·August 30, 2019

1. 01*

   Higgs physics beyond the Standard Model

   Tim Stefaniak🇩🇪

   We give a brief review of beyond-the-Standard Model (BSM) extensions of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs sector. Going from very simple to more complicated models, our survey includes models with additional scalar singlet fields, the Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM) and the Higgs sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We discuss the impact of current experimental results from LHC Higgs searches and measurements and the prospective reach of the LHC in the high-luminosity (HL) phase. We furthermore highlight possible new collider signatures within these models that have not been experimentally probed to date.

   hep-phhep-exPoS(2020)·3 citations
2. 02*

   FCNC-free multi-Higgs-doublet models from broken family symmetries

   Ivo de Medeiros Varzielas🇵🇹 · Jim Talbert🇩🇪

   We demonstrate how residual flavour symmetries, infrared signatures of symmetry breaking in complete models of flavour, can naturally forbid (or limit in a flavour specific way) flavour-changing neutral currents (FCNC) in multi-Higgs-doublet models (MHDM) without using mass hierarchies. We first review how this model-independent mechanism can control the fermionic mixing patterns of the Standard Model, and then implement the symmetries in the Yukawa sector of MHDM, which allows us to intimately connect the predictivity of a given flavour model with its ability to sequester FCNC. Finally, after discussing various subtleties of the approach, we sketch an $A_4$ toy model that realises an explicit example of these simplified constructions.

   hep-phPLB(2020)·12 citations
3. 03*

   A look at multiparticle production via modified combinants

   H. W. Ang🇸🇬 · A. H. Chan🇸🇬 · M. Ghaffar🇨🇦 · M. Rybczyński🇵🇱 · G. Wilk🇵🇱 · Z. Włodarczyk🇵🇱

   As shown recently, one can obtain additional information from the measured charged particle multiplicity distributions, $P(N)$, by investigating the so-called modified combinants, $C_j$, extracted from them. This information is encoded in the observed specific oscillatory behaviour of $C_j$, which phenomenologically can be described only by some combinations of compound distributions based on the Binomial Distribution. So far this idea has been checked in $pp$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ processes (where observed oscillations are spectacularly strong). In this paper, we continue observation of multiparticle production from the modified combinants perspective by investigating dependencies of the observed oscillatory patterns on type of colliding particles, their energies and the phase space where they are observed. We also offer some tentative explanations based on different types of compound distributions and stochastic branching processes.

   hep-phEPJA(2020)·9 citations
4. 04*

   Fragileness of Exact I-ball/Oscillon

   Masahiro Ibe🇯🇵 · Masahiro Kawasaki🇯🇵 · Wakutaka Nakano🇯🇵 · Eisuke Sonomoto🇯🇵

   I-ball/oscillon is a soliton-like oscillating configuration of a real scalar field which lasts for a long time. I-ball/oscillon is a minimum energy state for a given adiabatic invariant, and its approximate conservation guarantees the longevity. In this paper, we examine the stability of a special type of I-ball/oscillon, the "exact" I-ball/oscillon, whose adiabatic invariant is exactly conserved. We show that the exact I-ball/oscillon is stable in classical field theory, but not stable against small perturbations depending on the value of its adiabatic invariant. Accordingly, the exact I-ball/oscillon breaks up in the presence of the fluctuations with corresponding instability modes. We also confirm the fragileness of the exact I-ball/oscillon by the classical lattice simulation.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPRD(2020)·22 citations
5. 05*

   Mixing and $m_q$ dependence of axial vector mesons in the Coulomb gauge QCD model

   Luciano M. Abreu🇧🇷 · Aline G. Favero🇧🇷 · Felipe J. Llanes-Estrada🇪🇸 · Alejandro García Sánchez🇪🇸

   We discuss pure $q\bar{q}$ axial-vector mesons in the Tamm-Dancoff approximation of the Coulomb-gauge QCD model from NCSU. While recent studies have put emphasis in configuration mixing with open meson-meson channels, we here concentrate on the simpler closed-channel problem and follow the $1^{+}$ mixing through a wide range of quark masses. We also examine their radial excitations and discuss with them the concept of insensitivity to chiral symmetry breaking.

   hep-phPRD(2019)·9 citations
6. 06*

   Constraints on scalar leptoquarks from lepton and kaon physics

   Rusa Mandal🇩🇪 · Antonio Pich🇪🇸

   We present a comprehensive analysis of low-energy signals of hypothetical scalar leptoquark interactions in lepton and kaon transitions. We derive the most general effective four-fermion Lagrangian induced by tree-level scalar leptoquark exchange and identify the Wilson coefficients predicted by the five possible types of scalar leptoquarks. The current constraints on the leptoquark Yukawa couplings arising from lepton and kaon processes are worked out, including also loop-induced transitions with only leptons (or quarks) as external states. In the presence of scalar leptoquark interactions, we also derive the differential distributions for flavour-changing neutral-current transitions in semileptonic kaon modes, including all known effects within the Standard Model. Their interference with the new physics contributions could play a significant role in future improvements of those constraints that are currently hampered by poorly-determined non-perturbative parameters.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2019)·106 citations
7. 07*

   Analytical Soft SUSY Spectrum in Supersymmetric Models in Light of $S_4\times Z_n$ flavor symmetric SUSY SO(10) theory

   Gayatri Ghosh🇮🇳

   The heavy right-handed neutrinos in supersymmetric models can act as the source of lepton flavor violation (LFV). LFV processes like $\mu \to e\gamma$, $\tau \to \mu \gamma$, $\tau \to e\gamma$ is an effective way to explore new physics beyond the SM. Among the possible processes, $\mu$ decays have the greatest discovery potential in most of the supersymmetric models. Experimental inference of lepton flavor-violating processes within a supersymmetric type-II seesaw framework in the non-universal Higgs model (NUHM) and non-universal Scalar Mass model for Yukawa mixing scenarios in the $S_4$ theory with an additional discrete symmetry is presented. The numerical analysis includes full 2 loop renormalization group running effects for the the above mentioned Yukawa coupling matrices. The projected discovery reach of LFV experiments (MEG-II) is mentioned and those regions in mSUGRA, NUHM, NUSM models that have already been excluded by the LHC searches or that which is probed by MEG experiments is specified here. The results presented in this work can influence experimental challenges and physics motivations to construct various BSM theories and sensitivity to test these theories at next run of HE/HL LHC is also considered.

   hep-phInternational Journal of Innovative Resea…·2 citations
8. 08*

   Photoproductions of $f_1(1285)$ and ${\eta }^{\prime }(958)$ from the analysis of CLAS data with the Primakoff effect at high energies

   Byung-Geel Yu🇰🇷 · Kook-Jin Kong🇰🇷

   We investigate photoproduction of axial vector meson $f_1(1285)$ based on the CLAS experiment $\gamma p\to p{f}_1(1285)\to p\eta {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ using the Regge model for ${\rho }^0+\omega$ exchanges. The combined analysis of $\gamma p\to p{\eta }^{\prime }\to p\eta {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ reaction including $\eta (1295)$ is accompanied to evaluate the decay mode $\eta (1295)\to \eta {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ from the potential overlap with the $f_1$ reaction. The predominance of ${\rho }^0(770)$ exchange over the $\omega (782)$ with the coupling constant $\gamma {\rho }^0{f}_1$ extracted from the CLAS experiment leads to a good description of the measured cross sections for $f_1$, while the scale of the cross section is corrected by the branching fraction ${\eta }^{\prime }\to \eta {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, and $f_1\to \eta {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, respectively. As an extension to study the nonmesonic production mechanism, the Primakoff effect by the virtual photon exchange is investigated in the exclusive reaction $\gamma p\to p{f}_1$ up to $\sqrt{s}\approx 50$ GeV, finding that it plays a similar role to the Pomeron in the vector meson photoproduction at high energies. Such an unique role of the virtual photon exchange similar to the $f_1$ case is identified up to $\sqrt{s}\approx 250$ GeV in the $\gamma p\to p{\pi }^0$ and $\gamma p\to p\eta$ as well as $\gamma p\to p{\eta }^{\prime }$ reaction.

   hep-phPRD(2020)·2 citations
9. 09*

   New CTEQ Global Analysis with High Precision Data from the LHC

   Tie-Jiun Hou🇨🇳 · Keping Xie🇺🇸 · Jun Gao🇨🇳 · Sayipjamal Dulat🇨🇳 · Marco Guzzi🇺🇸 · T. J. Hobbs🇺🇸 · Joey Huston🇺🇸 · Pavel Nadolsky🇺🇸 · Jon Pumplin🇺🇸 · Carl Schmidt🇺🇸 · Ibrahim Sitiwaldi🇨🇳 · Dan Stump🇺🇸 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

   We present the new CTEQ-TEA global analysis of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this analysis, parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon are determined within the Hessian method at the next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD, based on the most recent measurements from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and a variety of world collider data. Because of difficulties in fitting both the ATLAS 7 and 8 TeV $W$ and $Z$ vector boson production cross section data, we present two families of PDFs, named CT18 and CT18$Z$ PDFs, respectively, without and with the ATLAS 7 TeV $W$ and $Z$ measurements. We study the impact of the CT18 family of PDFs on the theoretical predictions of standard candle cross sections at the LHC.

   hep-phhep-ex13 citations
10. 10*

    Prospects for Lorentz Invariance Violation searches with top pair production at the LHC and future hadron colliders

    Aurelien Carle🇫🇷 · Nicolas Chanon🇫🇷 · Stephane Perries🇫🇷

    This paper investigates a signature of Lorentz invariance violation with the $t\bar{t}$ production at the LHC and future hadron colliders. Possible deviations from the Lorentz symmetry remain poorly constrained in the top quark sector. With a dedicated analysis of $t\bar{t}$ events produced at the LHC, bounds in the top sector can be improved by up to three orders of magnitude relative to Tevatron, the only measurement existing so far. The sensitivity will be even further enhanced at the HL-LHC and future colliders.

    hep-phEPJC(2020)·17 citations
11. 11*

    Dark Matter Constraints on Low Mass and Weakly Coupled B-L Gauge Boson

    Rabindra N. Mohapatra🇺🇸 · Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸

    We investigate constraints on the new $B-L$ gauge boson ($Z_{BL}$) mass and coupling ($g_{BL}$) in a $U(1{)}_{B-L}$ extension of the standard model (SM) with an SM singlet Dirac fermion ($\zeta$) as dark matter (DM). The DM particle $\zeta$ has an arbitrary $B-L$ charge $Q$ chosen to guarantee its stability. We focus on the small $Z_{BL}$ mass and small $g_{BL}$ regions of the model, and find new constraints for the cases where the DM relic abundance arises from thermal freeze-out as well as freeze-in mechanisms. In the thermal freeze-out case, the DM coupling is given by $g_{\zeta }\equiv g_{BL}Q\simeq 0.016\sqrt{m_{\zeta }[\mathrm{GeV}]}$ to reproduce the observed DM relic density and $g_{BL}\ge 2.7\times 10^{-8}\sqrt{m_{\zeta }[\mathrm{GeV}]}$ for the DM particle to be in thermal equilibrium prior to freeze-out. Combined with the direct and indirect DM detection constraints, we find that the allowed mass regions are limited to be $m_{\zeta }\gtrsim 200$ GeV and $M_{Z_{BL}}\gtrsim 10$ GeV. We then discuss the lower $g_{BL}$ values where the freeze-in scenario operates and find the following relic density constraints on parameters depending on the $g_{BL}$ range and dark matter mass: Case (A): for $g_{BL}\ge 2.7\times 10^{-8}\sqrt{m_{\zeta }[\mathrm{GeV}]}$, one has $g_{\zeta }^2{g}_{BL}^2+\frac{0.82}{1.2}{g}_{\zeta }^4\simeq 8.2\times 10^{-24}$ and Case (B): for $g_{BL}<2.7\times 10^{-8}\sqrt{m_{\zeta }[\mathrm{GeV}]}$, there are two separate constraints depending on $m_{\zeta }$. Case (B1): for $m_{\zeta }\lesssim 2.5\mathrm{TeV}$, we find $g_{\zeta }^2{g}_{BL}^2\simeq 8.2\times 10^{-24}\left(\frac{m_{\zeta }}{2.5\mathrm{TeV}}\right)$ and case (B2): for $m_{\zeta }\gtrsim 2.5$ TeV, we have $g_{\zeta }^2{g}_{BL}^2\simeq 8.2\times 10^{-24}$. For this case, we display the various parameter regions of the model that can be probed by a variety of ``Lifetime Frontier" experiments such as FASER, FASER2, Belle II, SHiP and LDMX.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2020)·36 citations
12. 12*

    Three-loop soft anomalous dimensions for top-quark production

    Nikolaos Kidonakis🇺🇸

    I present results through three loops for soft anomalous dimensions that control soft-gluon emission in processes involving the top quark. In particular I present results for channels in single-top production and top-pair production as well as for processes with new physics, including $tZ$, $t{Z}^{\prime }$, $t\gamma$, and $t{H}^{-}$ production. These calculations are ingredients to resummations at N${}^3$LL accuracy and to derivations of N${}^3$LO soft-gluon corrections.

    hep-phPoS(2020)·1 citation
13. 13*

    On the coverage of neutralino dark matter in coannihilations at the upgraded LHC

    Murat Abdughani🇨🇳 · Lei Wu🇨🇳

    In the supersymmetric models, the coannihilation of the neutralino DM with a lighter supersymmetric particle provides a feasible way to accommodate the observed cosmological DM relic density. Such a mechanism predicts a compressed spectrum of the neutralino DM and its coannihilating partner, which results in the soft final states and makes the searches for sparticles challenging at colliders. On the other hand, the abundance of the freeze-out neutralino DM usually increases as the DM mass becomes heavier. This implies an upper bound on the mass of the neutralino DM. Given these observations, we explore the HE-LHC coverage of the neutralino DM for the coannihilations. By analyzing the events of the multijet with the missing transverse energy ($E_T^{miss}$), the monojet, the soft lepton pair plus $E_T^{miss}$, and the monojet plus a hadronic tau, we find that the neutralino DM mass can be excluded up to 2.6, 1.7 and 0.8 TeV in the gluino, stop and wino coannihilations at the $2\sigma$ level, respectively. However, there is still no sensitivity of the neutralino DM in stau coannihilation at the HE-LHC, due to the small cross section of the direct stau pair production and the low tagging efficiency of soft tau from the stau decay.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2020)·19 citations
14. 14*

    Higgs bosons with large couplings to light quarks

    Daniel Egana-Ugrinovic🇺🇸 · Samuel Homiller🇺🇸 · Patrick Meade🇺🇸

    A common lore has arisen that beyond the Standard Model (BSM) particles, which can be searched for at current and proposed experiments, should have flavorless or mostly third-generation interactions with Standard Model quarks. This theoretical bias severely limits the exploration of BSM phenomenology, and is especially constraining for extended Higgs sectors. Such limitations can be avoided in the context of Spontaneous Flavor Violation (SFV), a robust and UV complete framework that allows for significant couplings to any up or down-type quark, while suppressing flavor-changing neutral currents via flavor alignment. In this work we study the theory and phenomenology of extended SFV Higgs sectors with large couplings to any quark generation. We perform a comprehensive analysis of flavor and collider constraints of extended SFV Higgs sectors, and demonstrate that new Higgs bosons with large couplings to the light quarks may be found at the electroweak scale. In particular, we find that new Higgses as light as 100 GeV with order $\sim$ 0.1 couplings to first or second generation quarks, which are copiously produced at LHC via quark fusion, are allowed by current constraints. Furthermore, the additional SFV Higgses can mix with the SM Higgs, providing strong theory motivation for an experimental program looking for deviations in the light quark-Higgs couplings. Our work demonstrates the importance of exploring BSM physics coupled preferentially to light quarks, and the need to further develop dedicated experimental techniques for the LHC and future colliders.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2019)·92 citations
15. 15*

    Cosmological Collider Physics and the Curvaton

    Soubhik Kumar🇺🇸 · Raman Sundrum🇺🇸

    Primordial non-Gaussianity signatures of extremely heavy particles are re-examined within a simple alternative to the standard inflationary paradigm, in which the primordial fluctuations and the inflationary spacetime expansion are sourced by two different fields. The curvaton scenario provides an example of this in which the distinct roles are played by the curvaton and the inflaton fields, respectively. We study couplings of the curvaton to heavy particles with masses of order the inflationary Hubble scale, and show that they can lead to non-Gaussian signals orders of magnitude larger than those in standard inflation, consistent with explicit effective field theory control of inflationary dynamics. This brings various motivated particle physics signatures, such as loops of heavy gauge-charged scalars and fermions, within future observational reach.

    hep-phastro-ph.COJHEP(2020)·105 citations
16. 16*

    Infrared Singularities of Scattering Amplitudes and N${}^3$LL Resummation for $n$-Jet Processes

    Thomas Becher🇨🇭 · Matthias Neubert🇩🇪

    We revisit the multi-loop structure of the anomalous-dimension matrix governing the infrared divergences of massless $n$-particle scattering amplitudes in non-abelian gauge theories. In particular, we derive its most general form at four-loop order, significantly simplifying corresponding expressions given previously. By carefully reevaluating the constraints imposed by two-particle collinear limits, we find that at four-loop order color structures involving $d_R^{abcd}$, the symmetrized trace of four group generators, appear along with cusp logarithms $\ln [{\mu }^2/(-s_{ij})]$. As a consequence, naive Casimir scaling of the cusp anomalous dimensions associated with the quark and gluon form factors is violated, while a generalized form of Casimir scaling still holds. Our results provide an important ingredient for resummations of large logarithms in $n$-jet cross sections with next-to-next-to-next-to leading logarithmic (N${}^3$LL) accuracy.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2020)·72 citations
17. 17*

    Probing Dark Matter freeze-in with long-lived particle signatures: MATHUSLA, HL-LHC and FCC-hh

    Jose Miguel No🇪🇸 · Patrick Tunney🇩🇪 · Bryan Zaldivar🇪🇸

    Collider searches for long-lived particles yield a promising avenue to probe the freeze-in production of Dark Matter via the decay of a parent particle. We analyze the prospects of probing the parameter space of Dark Matter freeze-in from the decay of neutral parent particles at the LHC and beyond, taking as a case study a freeze-in Dark Matter scenario via the Standard Model Higgs. We obtain the projected sensitivity of the proposed MATHUSLA surface detector (for MATHUSLA100 and MATHUSLA200 configurations) for long-lived particle searches to the freeze-in Dark Matter parameter space, and study its complementarity to searches by ATLAS and CMS at HL-LHC, as well as the interplay with constraints from Cosmology: Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Lyman-$\alpha$ forest observations. We then analyze the improvement in sensitivity that would come from a forward detector within a future 100 TeV $pp$-collider. In addition, we discuss several technical aspects of the present Dark Matter freeze-in scenario: the role of the electroweak phase transition; the inclusion of thermal masses, which have been previously disregarded in freeze-in from decay studies; the impact of $2\to 2$ scattering processes on the Dark Matter relic abundance; and the interplay between freeze-in and super-WIMP Dark Matter production mechanisms.

    hep-phJHEP(2020)·48 citations
18. 18*

    Progress in the CTEQ-TEA NNLO global QCD analysis

    Tie-Jiun Hou🇨🇳 · Keping Xie🇺🇸 · Jun Gao🇨🇳 · Sayipjamal Dulat🇨🇳 · Marco Guzzi🇺🇸 · T. J. Hobbs🇺🇸 · Joey Huston🇺🇸 · Pavel Nadolsky🇺🇸 · Jon Pumplin🇺🇸 · Carl Schmidt🇺🇸 · Ibrahim Sitiwaldi🇨🇳 · Dan Stump🇺🇸 · C.-P. Yuan🇺🇸

    We present the new CTEQ-TEA global analysis of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this analysis, parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon are determined within the Hessian method at the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD, based on the most recent measurements from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and a variety of world collider data. Because of difficulties in fitting both the ATLAS 7 and 8 TeV $W$ and $Z$ vector boson production cross section data, we present four families of (N)NLO CTEQ-TEA PDFs, named CT18, A, X and Z PDFs, respectively. We study the impact of the CT18 family of PDFs on the theoretical predictions of standard candle cross sections at the LHC.

    hep-ph92 citations
19. 19*

    Chiral Nonsymmetric Interaction in Strong Coupled QCD

    Aiichi Iwazaki🇯🇵

    Chiral symmetry in massless QCD is believed to be broken spontaneously. We discuss a possibility that the chiral symmetry is explicitly broken by QCD monopoles which appear only in strong coupled QCD. Namely, the monopole quark interaction explicitly breaks the chiral symmetry ( SU${}_A(2)\times$U${}_A$(1) ) just like bare quark mass terms. We show that the strength of the interaction is roughly $10$ times smaller than standard strong interactions. We describe it as an effective interaction $g^{\prime }\bar{q}q{\Phi }^{†}\Phi$ with the monopole field $\Phi$ and $g^{\prime }$ being of the order of $(10\mathrm{GeV}{)}^{-1}$ or less. It produces small constituent quark masses less than $1$MeV when the monopoles condense ( $⟨\Phi ⟩\ne 0$ ). We examine to what extent such a weak but explicit symmetry breaking interaction is allowed. In particular, examining Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation we find that the presence of such a small symmetry breaking term is still allowed within the present accuracy of lattice gauge simulations. We predict some phenomenological effects caused by the chiral nonsymmetric monopole quark interaction. Quark confinement and chiral condensate ( $⟨\bar{q}q⟩\ne 0$ ) arise simultaneously. The condensate $⟨\bar{q}q⟩$ caused by the monopoles is proportional to monopole density and is estimated such that $(-⟨\bar{q}q⟩{)}^{1/3}\sim 160$MeV. The weak monopole quark interaction leads to the small decay width of an observable monopole to hadrons.

    hep-ph0 citations
20. 20*

    Unequal rapidity correlators in the dilute limit of JIMWLK

    Tuomas Lappi🇫🇮 · Andrecia Ramnath🇫🇮

    We study unequal rapidity correlators in the stochastic Langevin picture of Jalilian-Marian - Iancu - McLerran - Weigert - Leonidov - Kovner (JIMWLK) evolution in the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory. By separately evolving the Wilson lines in the direct and complex conjugate amplitudes, we use the formalism to study two-particle production at large rapidity separations. We show that the evolution between the rapidities of the two produced particles can be expressed as a linear equation, even in the full nonlinear limit. We also show how the Langevin formalism for two-particle correlations reduces to a BFKL picture in the dilute limit and in momentum space, providing an interpretation of BFKL evolution as a stochastic process for color charges.

    hep-phnucl-thPoS(2019)·1 citation
21. 21*

    Fundamental Forces and Scalar Field Dynamics in the Early Universe

    Alexander Kusenko🇺🇸 · Volodymyr Takhistov🇺🇸 · Masaki Yamada🇺🇸 · Masahito Yamazaki🇯🇵

    Scalar weak gravity conjectures (SWGCs) attempt to pinpoint the ranges of couplings consistent with a fundamental theory of all interactions. We identify a generic dynamical consequence of these conjectures for cosmology and show that SWGCs imply a particular behavior of the scalar fields in the early universe. A scalar field that develops a large expectation value during inflation must relax to the minimum of effective potential at a later time. SWGCs imply that a homogeneous distribution of the field is unstable with respect to fragmentation into localized lumps, which could potentially lead to significant consequences for cosmology.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phPLB(2020)·22 citations
22. 22*

    Flavor Moonshine

    Shotaro Shiba Funai🇯🇵 · Hirotaka Sugawara🇯🇵

    The flavor moonshine hypothesis is formulated to suppose that all particle masses (leptons, quarks, Higgs and gauge particles -- more precisely, their mass ratios) are expressed as coefficients in the Fourier expansion of some modular forms just as, in mathematics, dimensions of representations of a certain group are expressed as coefficients in the Fourier expansion of some modular forms. The mysterious hierarchical structure of the quark and lepton masses is thus attributed to that of the Fourier coefficient matrices of certain modular forms. Our intention here is not to prove this hypothesis starting from some physical assumptions but rather to demonstrate that this hypothesis is experimentally verified and, assuming that the string theory correctly describes the natural law, to calculate the geometry (Kähler potential and the metric) of the moduli space of the Calabi-Yau manifold, thus providing a way to calculate the metric of Calabi-Yau manifold itself directly from the experimental data.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPTEP(2020)·0 citations
23. 23*

    Tests of the Standard Model at the International Linear Collider

    Keisuke Fujii🇯🇵 · Christophe Grojean🇩🇪 · Michael E. Peskin🇺🇸 · Tim Barklow🇺🇸 · Yaunning Gao🇯🇵 · Shinya Kanemura🇯🇵 · Hyungdo Kim🇰🇷 · Jenny List🇩🇪 · Mihoko Nojiri🇯🇵 · Maxim Perelstein🇺🇸 · Roman Poeschl🇫🇷 · Juergen Reuter🇩🇪 and 10 other authors

    We present an overview of the capabilities that the International Linear Collider (ILC) offers for precision measurements that probe the Standard Model. First, we discuss the improvements that the ILC will make in precision electroweak observables, both from W boson production and radiative return to the Z at 250 GeV in the center of mass and from a dedicated GigaZ stage of running at the Z pole. We then present new results on precision measurements of fermion pair production, including the production of b and t quarks. We update the ILC projections for the determination of Higgs boson couplings through a Standard Model Effective Field Theory fit taking into account the new information on precision electroweak constraints. Finally, we review the capabilities of the ILC to measure the Higgs boson self-coupling.

    ↳ hep-exhep-ph140 citations
24. 24*

    Tau lepton asymmetry by sterile neutrino emission -- Moving beyond one-zone supernova models

    Anna M. Suliga🇩🇰 · Irene Tamborra (Niels Bohr Institute)🇩🇰 · Meng-Ru Wu (Academia Sinica)🇹🇼

    The mixing of active neutrinos with their sterile counterparts with keV mass is known to have a potentially major impact on the energy loss from the supernova core. By relying on a set of three static hydrodynamical backgrounds mimicking the early accretion phase and the Kelvin-Helmoltz cooling phase of a supernova, we develop the first self-consistent, radial- and time-dependent treatment of sterile and tau neutrinos mixing in the dense stellar core. We follow the flavor evolution by including ordinary matter effects, collisional production of sterile neutrinos, as well as reconversions of sterile states into active ones. The dynamical feedback of the sterile neutrino production on the matter background leads to the development of a tau lepton asymmetry that grows in time until it reaches a value larger than 0.15. Our results hint towards significant implications for the supernova physics, and call for a self-consistent modeling of the sterile neutrino transport in the supernova core to constrain the mixing parameters of sterile neutrinos.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2019)·44 citations
25. 25*

    Relativistic Lattice Boltzmann Methods: Theory and Applications

    A. Gabbana🇮🇹 · D. Simeoni🇮🇹 · S. Succi🇮🇹 · R. Tripiccione🇮🇹

    We present a systematic account of recent developments of the relativistic Lattice Boltzmann method (RLBM) for dissipative hydrodynamics. We describe in full detail a unified, compact and dimension-independent procedure to design relativistic LB schemes capable of bridging the gap between the ultra-relativistic regime, $k_{\mathrm{B}}T\gg m{c}^2$, and the non-relativistic one, $k_{\mathrm{B}}T\ll m{c}^2$. We further develop a systematic derivation of the transport coefficients as a function of the kinetic relaxation time in $d=1,2,3$ spatial dimensions. The latter step allows to establish a quantitative bridge between the parameters of the kinetic model and the macroscopic transport coefficients. This leads to accurate calibrations of simulation parameters and is also relevant at the theoretical level, as it provides neat numerical evidence of the correctness of the Chapman-Enskog procedure. We present an extended set of validation tests, in which simulation results based on the RLBMs are compared with existing analytic or semi-analytic results in the mildly-relativistic ($k_{\mathrm{B}}T\sim m{c}^2$) regime for the case of shock propagations in quark-gluon plasmas and laminar electronic flows in ultra-clean graphene samples. It is hoped and expected that the material collected in this paper may allow the interested readers to reproduce the present results and generate new applications of the RLBM scheme.

    ↳ hep-latgr-qchep-phhep-th+2Phys.Rept.(2020)·29 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.