Thu·Sep 22, 2016Thursday·September 22, 2016

1. 01*

   The Return of the King: No-Scale $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$

   Tianjun Li🇨🇳 · James A. Maxin🇺🇸 · Dimitri V. Nanopoulos🇺🇸

   We revisit the viable parameter space in No-Scale $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$, examining the Grand Unified Theory within the context of the prevailing gluino mass limits established by the LHC. The satisfaction of both the No-Scale boundary condition and the experimentally measured Standard Model (SM) like Higgs boson mass requires a lower limit on the gluino mass in the model space of about 1.9 TeV, which maybe not coincidentally is the current LHC supersymmetry search bound. This offers a plausible explanation as to why a supersymmetry signal has thus far not been observed at the LHC. On the contrary, since the vector-like flippon particles are relatively heavy due to the strict condition that the supersymmetry breaking soft term $B_{\mu }$ must vanish at the unification scale, we also cannot address the recently vanished 750 GeV diphoton resonance at the 13 TeV LHC. Therefore, No-Scale $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$ returns as a King after the spurious 750 GeV diphoton excess was gone with the wind.

   hep-phPLB(2017)·10 citations
2. 02*

   Exclusive Weak Radiative Higgs Decays in the Standard Model and Beyond

   Stefan Alte🇩🇪 · Matthias König🇩🇪 · Matthias Neubert🇩🇪

   We perform a detailed study of the exclusive Higgs decays $h\to MZ$ and $h\to MW$, where $M$ is a pseudoscalar or vector meson, using the QCD factorization approach. We allow for the presence of new-physics effects in the form of modified Higgs couplings to gauge bosons and fermions, including the possibility of flavor-changing Higgs couplings. We show that the decays $h\to VZ$ exhibit a strong sensitivity to the effective CP-even and CP-odd $h\gamma Z$ couplings. When combined with a measurement of the $h\to \gamma Z$ decay rate, this can be used to extract these couplings up to a sign ambiguity in the CP-odd coefficient. Some of the $h\to MW$ decay modes can be used to probe for flavor-violating Higgs couplings involving the top quark.

   hep-phJHEP(2016)·43 citations
3. 03*

   Anomalous Triple Gauge Couplings in the Effective Field Theory Approach at the LHC

   Adam Falkowski🇫🇷 · Martin Gonzalez-Alonso🇫🇷 · Admir Greljo🇨🇭 · David Marzocca🇨🇭 · Minho Son🇰🇷

   We discuss how to perform consistent extractions of anomalous triple gauge couplings (aTGC) from electroweak boson pair production at the LHC in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). After recasting recent ATLAS and CMS searches in $pp\to WZ(WW)\to {\ell }^{\prime }\nu {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}({\nu }_{\ell })$ channels, we find that: (a) working consistently at order ${\Lambda }^{-2}$ in the SMEFT expansion the existing aTGC bounds from Higgs and LEP-2 data are not improved, (b) the strong limits quoted by the experimental collaboration are due to the partial ${\Lambda }^{-4}$ corrections (dimension-6 squared contributions). Using helicity selection rule arguments we are able to explain the suppression in some of the interference terms, and discuss conditions on New Physics (NP) models that can benefit from such LHC analyses. Furthermore, standard analyses assume implicitly a quite large NP scale, an assumption that can be relaxed by imposing cuts on the underlying scale of the process ($\sqrt{\hat{s}}$). In practice, we find almost no correlation between $\sqrt{\hat{s}}$ and the experimentally accessible quantities, which complicates the SMEFT interpretation. Nevertheless, we provide a method to set (conservative) aTGC bounds in this situation, and recast the present searches accordingly. Finally, we introduce a simple NP model for aTGC to compare the bounds obtained directly in the model with those from the SMEFT analysis.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2017)·155 citations
4. 04*

   A small weak scale from a small cosmological constant

   Asimina Arvanitaki🇨🇦 · Savas Dimopoulos🇺🇸 · Victor Gorbenko🇺🇸 · Junwu Huang🇺🇸 · Ken Van Tilburg🇺🇸

   We propose a framework in which Weinberg's anthropic explanation of the cosmological constant problem also solves the hierarchy problem. The weak scale is selected by chiral dynamics that controls the stabilization of an extra dimension. When the Higgs vacuum expectation value is close to a fermion mass scale, the radius of an extra dimension becomes large, and develops an enhanced number of vacua available to scan the cosmological constant down to its observed value. At low energies, the radion necessarily appears as an unnaturally light scalar, in a range of masses and couplings accessible to fifth-force searches as well as scalar dark matter searches with atomic clocks and gravitational-wave detectors. The fermion sector that controls the size of the extra dimension consists of a pair of electroweak doublets and several singlets. These leptons satisfy approximate mass relations related to the weak scale and are accessible to the LHC and future colliders.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2017)·71 citations
5. 05*

   Probing nonstandard neutrino cosmology with terrestrial neutrino experiments

   Akshay Ghalsasi🇺🇸 · David McKeen🇺🇸 · Ann E. Nelson🇺🇸

   Neutrino masses and the number of light neutrino species can be tested in a variety of laboratory experiments and also can be constrained by particle astrophysics and precision cosmology. A conflict between these various results could be an indication of new physics in the neutrino sector. In this paper we explore the possibility for reconciliation of otherwise discrepant results in a simple model containing a light scalar field which produces Mass Varying Neutrinos (MaVaNs). We extend previous work on MaVaNs to consider issues of neutrino clumping, the effects of additional contributions to neutrino mass, and reconciliation of eV mass sterile neutrinos with cosmology.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2017)·12 citations
6. 06*

   Probing Non-unitary $CP$ Violation effects in Neutrino Oscillation Experiments

   Surender Verma🇮🇳 · Shankita Bhardwaj🇮🇳

   In the present work, we have considered minimal unitarity violation(MUV) scheme, to obtain the general expression for ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$ oscillation probability, in vacuum. For this channel, we have investigated the sensitivities to non-unitary parameters $|{\rho }_{\mu \tau }|$ and ${\omega }_{\mu \tau }$ with short baseline(SBL) experiments for normal as well as inverted hierarchical neutrino masses. We also check how the sensitivity to non-unitary parameters get modified for ${\theta }_{23}$ above and below maximality. We find that the $3\sigma$ sensitivity towards $|{\rho }_{\mu \tau }|$ is maximum for non-unitary phase ${\omega }_{\mu \tau }=0$, whereas it is minimum for ${\omega }_{\mu \tau }=\pm \pi$ in case of normal hierarchy(NH). However, the sensitivity is minimum at ${\omega }_{\mu \tau }=0$ and maximum for ${\omega }_{\mu \tau }=\pm \pi$ for inverted hierarchy(IH). We observe that for unitary $CP$ phase $\delta =0$ and $\delta =\pi /2$, the sensitivity to measure non-unitarity remains same in both the cases. We, also, explore wide range of $L/E$ to forecast, in principle, the possibilities to observe $CP$-violation due to unitary($\delta$) and non-unitary(${\omega }_{\mu \tau }$) phases. We find that the both phases can be disentangled, in principle, from each other, for the $L/E$ range less than 200 km/GeV for ${\nu }_{\mu }\to {\nu }_{\tau }$ channel.

   hep-phIndian J.Phys.(2018)·11 citations
7. 07*

   Two-body charmed B(Bs) decays involving a light scalar meson

   Zhi-Tian Zou🇨🇳 · Ying Li🇨🇳 · Xin liu🇨🇳

   Based on the assumption of two-quark structure for the light scalar mesons, within the framework of perturbative QCD approach, we investigate the $B_q\to D_{(s)}^{(\ast )}S(q=u,d,s)$ decays induced by $b\to u$ transition, where $S$ denotes a light scalar meson. Under two different scenarios, we calculate the branching ratios of 96 decay modes totally, which are in the range of $10^{-5}$ to $10^{-8}$. The comparison between our predictions and the experimental data will allow us to probe the inner structure of the scalar mesons. In the standard model, since all decays can only occur through tree operators, there are no $CP$ asymmetries. From our calculations, it has been shown that the annihilation type diagrams, especially the nonfactorizable annihilation diagrams, play important roles in the decay amplitudes, especially for these color-suppressed and pure annihilation type decay modes. We also find that the branching ratios of color-allowed type decays are sensitive to the different scenarios, so the measurements of them will be ideal places to differentiate the different scenarios. It can be found that the ratios between $Br(B^0\to D^{(\ast )0}\sigma )$ and $Br(B^0\to D^{(\ast )0}{f}_0)$, and between $Br(B^{+}\to D^{(\ast )+}\sigma )$ and $Br(B^{+}\to D^{(\ast )+}{f}_0)$ can be used to determine the mixing angle of $\sigma$ and $f_0$.

   hep-phPRD(2017)·19 citations
8. 08*

   Rare radiative leptonic B-decays

   Anastasiia Kozachuk🇷🇺 · Dmitri Melikhov🇷🇺 · Nikolai Nikitin🇷🇺

   We obtain predictions for $B_{(s)}\to e^{+}{e}^{-}\gamma$ and $B_{(s)}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\gamma$ decays. All the contributions containing long-distance QCD effects are calculated in the framework of relativistic quark model. The contributions of the light vector-meson resonances related to the virtual photon emission from valence quarks of the $B$-meson are included. The highest branching ratios for the radiative leptonic B-decays are $\mathcal{B}({\bar{B}}_s^0\to e^{+}{e}^{-}\gamma )=18.8\times 10^{-9}$ and $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\gamma )=12.2\times 10^{-9}$. We also give the distribution of the foward-backward asymmetry.

   hep-phEPJ Web Conf.(2016)·5 citations
9. 09*

   Dissecting new physics models through kinematic edges

   Abhishek M. Iyer🇮🇳 · Ushoshi Maitra🇮🇳

   Kinematic edges in the invariant mass distributions of different final state particles are typically a signal of new physics. In this work we propose a scenario wherein these edges could be utilised in discriminating between different classes of models. To this effect, we consider the resonant production of a heavy Higgs like resonance (H 1 ) as a case study. Such states are a characteristic feature of many new physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model (SM). In the event of a discovery, it is essential to identify the true nature of the underlying theory. In this work we propose a channel, $H_1\to t_{2}t$, where t_2 is a vector-like gauge singlet top-partner that decays into W b, Zt, ht. Invariant mass distributions constructed out of these final states are characterized by the presence of kinematic edges, which are unique to the topology under consideration. Further, since all the final state particles are SM states, the position in the edges of these invariant mass distributions can be used to exclusively determine the masses of the resonances. Observation of these features are meant to serve as a trigger, thereby mandating a more detailed analysis in a particular direction of parameter space. The absence of these edge like features, in the specific invariant mass distributions considered here, in minimal versions of supersymmetric models (MSSM) also serves as a harbinger of such non MSSM-like scenarios.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2017)·2 citations
10. 10*

    Phenomenological signatures of mixed complex scalar WIMP dark matter

    Mitsuru Kakizaki🇯🇵 · Akiteru Santa🇯🇵 · Osamu Seto🇯🇵

    We discuss phenomenological aspects of models whose scalar sector is extended by an isospin doublet scalar and a complex singlet scalar as an effective theory of supersymmetric models with mixed sneutrinos. In such models, the lighter of the mixed neutral scalars can become a viable dark matter candidate by imposing a U(1) symmetry. We find that the thermal WIMP scenario is consistent with the cosmological dark matter abundance when the mass of the scalar is half of that of the discovered Higgs boson or larger than around 100 GeV. We also point out that, with an additional isospin singlet Majorana fermion mediator, even the mass of the scalar WIMP less than around 5 GeV is compatible with the observed dark matter abundance. We show that such cosmologically allowed regions can be explored at future collider experiments and dark matter detections.

    hep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.A(2017)·31 citations
11. 11*

    Phenomenology of Enhanced Light Quark Yukawa Couplings and the $W^{\pm }h$ Charge Asymmetry

    Felix Yu🇩🇪

    I propose the measurement of the $W^{\pm }h$ charge asymmetry as a consistency test for the Standard Model (SM) Higgs, which is sensitive to enhanced Yukawa couplings of the first and second generation quarks. I present a collider analysis for the charge asymmetry in the same-sign lepton final state, $pp\to W^{\pm }h\to ({\ell }^{\pm }\nu )({\ell }^{\pm }\nu jj)$, aimed at discovery significance for the SM $W^{\pm }h$ production mode in each charge channel with 300 fb${}^{-1}$ of 14 TeV LHC data. Using this decay mode, I estimate the statistical precision on the charge asymmetry should reach 0.4\% with 3 ab${}^{-1}$ luminosity, enabling a strong consistency test of the SM Higgs hypothesis. I also discuss direct and indirect constraints on light quark Yukawa couplings from direct and indirect probes of the Higgs width as well as Tevatron and Large Hadron Collider Higgs data. While the main effect from enhanced light quark Yukawa couplings is a rapid increase in the total Higgs width, such effects could be mitigated in a global fit to Higgs couplings, leaving the $W^{\pm }h$ charge asymmetry as a novel signature to test directly the Higgs couplings to light quarks.

    hep-phJHEP(2017)·51 citations
12. 12*

    Axion mediated photon to dark photon mixing

    Damian Ejlli🇷🇺

    The interaction between the dark/mirror sector and the ordinary sector is considered, where the two sectors interact with each other by sharing the same QCD axion field. This feature makes the mixing between ordinary and dark/mirror photons in ordinary and dark electromagnetic fields possible. Perturbative solutions of the equations of motion describing the evolution of fields in ordinary and dark external magnetic fields are found. User-friendly quantities such as transition probability rates and Stokes parameters are derived. Possible astrophysical and cosmological applications of this model are suggested.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thEPJC(2018)·18 citations
13. 13*

    QCD Compositeness as Revealed in Exclusive Vector Boson Reactions through Double-Photon Annihilation: $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma {\gamma }^{\ast }\to \gamma V^0$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }\to V^0{V}^0$

    Stanley J. Brodsky🇺🇸 · Richard F. Lebed🇺🇸 · Valery E. Lyubovitskij🇩🇪

    We study the exclusive double-photon annihilation processes, $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma {\gamma }^{\ast }\to \gamma V^0$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\gamma }^{\ast }{\gamma }^{\ast }\to V_a^0{V}_b^0,$ where the $V_i^0$ is a neutral vector meson produced in the forward kinematical region: $s\gg -t$ and $-t\gg {\Lambda }_{\mathrm{QCD}}^2$. We show how the differential cross sections $\frac{d\sigma }{dt}$, as predicted by QCD, have additional falloff in the momentum transfer squared $t$ due to the QCD compositeness of the hadrons, consistent with the leading-twist fixed-${\theta }_{\mathrm{CM}}$ scaling laws. However, even though they are exclusive channels and not associated with the conventional electron-positron annihilation process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\gamma }^{\ast }\to q\bar{q},$ these total cross sections $\sigma (e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \gamma V^0)$ and $\sigma (e^{+}{e}^{-}\to V_a^0{V}_b^0),$ integrated over the dominant forward- and backward-${\theta }_{\mathrm{CM}}$ angular domains, scale as $1/s$, and thus contribute to the leading-twist scaling behavior of the ratio $R_{e^{+}{e}^{-}}$. We generalize these results to exclusive double-electroweak vector-boson annihilation processes accompanied by the forward production of hadrons, such as $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Z^0{V}^0$ and $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to W^{-}{\rho }^{+}$. These results can also be applied to the exclusive production of exotic hadrons such as tetraquarks, where the cross-section scaling behavior can reveal their multiquark nature.

    hep-phPLB(2017)·17 citations
14. 14*

    Non-boost-invariant dissipative hydrodynamics

    Wojciech Florkowski🇵🇱 · Radoslaw Ryblewski🇵🇱 · Michael Strickland🇺🇸 · Leonardo Tinti🇵🇱

    The one-dimensional non-boost-invariant evolution of the quark-gluon plasma, presumably produced during the early stages of heavy-ion collisions, is analyzed within the frameworks of viscous and anisotropic hydrodynamics. We neglect transverse dynamics and assume homogeneous conditions in the transverse plane but, differently from Bjorken expansion, we relax longitudinal boost invariance in order to study the rapidity dependence of various hydrodynamical observables. We compare the results obtained using several formulations of second-order viscous hydrodynamics with a recent approach to anisotropic hydrodynamics, which treats the large initial pressure anisotropy in a non-perturbative fashion. The results obtained with second-order viscous hydrodynamics depend on the particular choice of the second-order terms included, which suggests that the latter should be included in the most complete way. The results of anisotropic hydrodynamics and viscous hydrodynamics agree for the central hot part of the system, however, they differ at the edges where the approach of anisotropic hydrodynamics helps to control the undesirable growth of viscous corrections observed in standard frameworks.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRC(2016)·21 citations
15. 15*

    The scalar glueball operator, the a-theorem, and the onset of conformality

    Tiago Nunes da Silva🇳🇱 · Elisabetta Pallante🇳🇱 · Lasse Robroek🇳🇱

    We show that the anomalous dimension ${\gamma }_G$ of the scalar glueball operator contains information on the mechanism that leads to the onset of conformality at the lower edge of the conformal window in a non-Abelian gauge theory. In particular, it distinguishes whether the merging of an UV and an IR fixed point -- the simplest mechanism associated to a conformal phase transition and preconformal scaling -- does or does not occur. At the same time, we shed light on new analogies between QCD and its supersymmetric version. In SQCD, we derive an exact relation between ${\gamma }_G$ and the mass anomalous dimension ${\gamma }_m$, and we prove that the SQCD exact beta function is incompatible with merging as a consequence of the $a$-theorem; we also derive the general conditions that the latter imposes on the existence of fixed points, and prove the absence of an UV fixed point at nonzero coupling above the conformal window of SQCD. Perhaps not surprisingly, we then show that an exact relation between ${\gamma }_G$ and ${\gamma }_m$, fully analogous to SQCD, holds for the massless Veneziano limit of large-N QCD. We argue, based on the latter relation, the $a$-theorem, perturbation theory and physical arguments, that the incompatibility with merging may extend to QCD.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPLB(2018)·11 citations
16. 16*

    Cosmology with Independently Varying Neutrino Temperature and Number

    Richard Galvez🇺🇸 · Robert J. Scherrer🇺🇸

    We consider Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background when both the neutrino temperature and neutrino number are allowed to vary from their standard values. The neutrino temperature is assumed to differ from its standard model value by a fixed factor from Big Bang nucleosynthesis up to the present. In this scenario, the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, $N_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{CMB}}$, derived from observations of the cosmic microwave background is not equal to the true number of neutrinos, $N_{\nu }$. We determine the element abundances predicted by Big Bang nucleosynthesis as a function of the neutrino number and temperature, converting the latter to the equivalent value of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{CMB}}$. We find that a value of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{CMB}}\approx 3$ can be made consistent with $N_{\nu }=4$ with a decrease in the neutrino temperature of $\sim 5\%$, while $N_{\nu }=5$ is excluded for any value of $N_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{CMB}}$. No observationally-allowed values for $N_{\mathrm{eff}}^{\mathrm{CMB}}$ and $N_{\nu }$ can solve the lithium problem.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phPRD(2017)·4 citations
17. 17*

    Medium effects on heavy-flavour observables in high-energy nuclear collisions

    Andrea Beraudo🇮🇹

    The peculiar role of heavy-flavour observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is discussed. Produced in the early stage, $c$ and $b$ quarks cross the hot medium arising from the collision, interacting strongly with the latter, until they hadronize. Depending on the strength of the interaction heavy quarks may or not approach kinetic equilibrium with the plasma, tending in the first case to follow the collective flow of the expanding fireball. The presence of a hot deconfined medium may also affect heavy-quark hadronization, being possible for them to recombine with the surrounding light thermal partons, so that the final heavy-flavour hadrons inherit part of the flow of the medium. Here we show how it is possible to develop a complete transport setup allowing one to describe heavy-flavour production in high-energy nuclear collisions, displaying some major results one can obtain. Finally, the possibility that the formation of a hot deconfined medium even in small systems (high-multiplicity p-Au and d-Au collisions, so far) may affect also heavy-flavour observables is investigated.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exEPJ Web Conf.(2016)·1 citation
18. 18*

    Galilean invariant resummation schemes of cosmological perturbations

    Marco Peloso🇺🇸 · Massimo Pietroni🇮🇹

    Many of the methods proposed so far to go beyond Standard Perturbation Theory break invariance under time-dependent boosts (denoted here as extended Galilean Invariance, or GI). This gives rise to spurious large scale effects which spoil the small scale predictions of these approximation schemes. By using consistency relations we derive fully non-perturbative constraints that GI imposes on correlation functions. We then introduce a method to quantify the amount of GI breaking of a given scheme, and to correct it by properly tailored counterterms. Finally, we formulate resummation schemes which are manifestly GI, discuss their general features, and implement them in the so called Time-Flow, or TRG, equations.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phhep-thJCAP(2017)·23 citations
19. 19*

    Measurement of the running of the fine structure constant below 1 GeV with the KLOE Detector

    The KLOE-2 Collaboration: A. Anastasi🇮🇹 · D. Babusci🇮🇹 · G. Bencivenni🇮🇹 · M. Berlowski🇵🇱 · C. Bloise🇮🇹 · F. Bossi🇮🇹 · P. Branchini🇮🇹 · A. Budano🇮🇹 · L. Caldeira Balkeståhl🇸🇪 · B. Cao🇸🇪 · F. Ceradini🇮🇹 · P. Ciambrone🇮🇹 and 53 other authors

    We have measured the running of the effective QED coupling constant $\alpha (s)$ in the time-like region $0.6<\sqrt{s}<0.975$ GeV with the KLOE detector at DA$\Phi$NE using the Initial State Radiation process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}\gamma$. It represents the first measurement of the running of $\alpha (s)$ in this energy region. Our results show a more than 5$\sigma$ significance of the hadronic contribution to the running of $\alpha (s)$, which is the strongest direct evidence both in time- and space-like regions achieved in a single measurement. By using the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ cross section measured by KLOE, the real and imaginary part of the shift $\Delta \alpha (s)$ has been extracted. By a fit of the real part of $\Delta \alpha (s)$ and assuming the lepton universality the branching ratio $BR(\omega \to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-})=(6.6\pm 1.4_{stat}\pm 1.7_{syst})\cdot 10^{-5}$ has been determined.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phPLB(2017)·57 citations
20. 20*

    MOND impact on and of the recently updated mass-discrepancy-acceleration relation

    Mordehai Milgrom🇮🇱

    McGaugh et al. (2016) have used their extensive SPARC sample to update the well-known mass-discrepancy-acceleration relation (MDAR), which is one of the major predicted "MOND laws". This is not a newly discovered relation. Rather, it improves on the many previous studies of it, with more and better data. Like its precedents, it bears crucial ramifications for the observed dynamical anomalies in disc galaxies, and, in particular, on their resolution by the MOND paradigm. Their result, indeed, constitute a triumph for MOND. However, unlike previous analyses of the MDAR, McGaugh et al. have chosen to obfuscate the MOND roots of their analysis, and its connection with, and implications for, this paradigm. For example, the fitting formula they use, seemingly as a result of some unexplained inspiration, follows in its salient properties from the basic tenets of MOND, and has already been used in the past in several MOND analyses. No other possible origin for such a function is known. Given that this formula had already been shown to reproduce correctly the observed rotation curves from the baryon distribution (as a MOND effect), it must have been clear, a priory, that it should describe correctly the MDAR, which is but a summary of rotation curves. The present paper corrects these oversights -- bringing to light the deep connections with MOND, suppressed by McGaugh et al. It also gives due credit to previous works, and discusses some new, important, but less known, aspects of this MOND relation. (Substantially abridged.)

    ↳ astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph31 citations
21. 21*

    A G2-QCD neutron star

    Ouraman Hajizadeh🇦🇹 · Axel Maas🇦🇹

    The determination of the properties of neutron stars from the underlying theory, QCD, is still an unsolved problem. This is mainly due to the difficulty to obtain reliable results for the equation of state for cold, dense QCD. As an alternative route to obtain qualitative insights, we determine the structure of a neutron star for a modified version of QCD: By replacing the gauge group SU(3) with the exceptional Lie group G2, it is possible to perform lattice simulations at finite density, while still retaining neutrons. Here, results of these lattice simulations are used to determine the mass-radius relation of a neutron star for this theory. The results show that phase changes express themselves in this relation. Also, the radius of the most massive neutron stars is found to vary very little, which would make radius determinations much simpler if this would also be true in QCD.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SRhep-lathep-ph+1PoS(2016)·4 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.