Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·August 14, 2025

12 papers—5 primary·7 cross-listed

01
[Submitted on 12 Aug 2025]
$Ab Initio$ Exact Calculation of Strongly Correlated Nucleonic Matter
Rongzhe Hu🇨🇳 · Shaoliang Jin🇨🇳 · Xin Zhen🇨🇳 · Haoyu Shang🇨🇳 · Junchen Pei🇨🇳 · Furong Xu🇨🇳 · Francesco Marino🇩🇪
Dense nucleonic matter is of vital importance for understanding compact stars and inferring the transition into deconfined quark phase. We present $ab initio$ exact calculations of infinite nucleonic matter with the state-of-the-art full configuration-interaction quantum Monte Carlo method, enabling us to rigorously benchmark many-body methods and assess the degree to which the nucleonic matter is correlated. Our method has been numerically validated against exact diagonalization within a small model space. Calculations of nucleonic matter using chiral nuclear forces reveal that symmetric nuclear matter is strikingly strongly correlated, raising questions on previous $ab initio$ calculations of nuclear matter with many-body expansion truncations and offering insights into simultaneous descriptions of finite nuclei and infinite nucleonic matter from first principles.
Comments:
6 pages, 4 figures, published version
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
arXiv:
2508.09252 [pdf]
PRL(2026)·9 citations
02
[Submitted on 12 Aug 2025]
The Quark Structure of the Nucleon and Moat Regimes in Nuclear Matter
Theo F. Motta🇧🇷 · Gastão Krein🇧🇷
We employ a model of nuclear structure that takes into account the quark substructure of the baryons to understand the behavior of static two-point correlation functions of meson fields in dense nuclear matter. We show that these correlation functions display ``moat'' regimes, where the inverse static correlation function is nonmonotonic in momentum space. This can have interesting consequences for the nature of nuclear matter, and it strengthens the possibility of a liquid-crystal phase for high densities.
Comments:
accepted version, typos corrected, no significant change
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th); High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph)
arXiv:
2508.09287 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·4 citations
03
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025]
The charge radii of calcium isotopes within relativistic density functional theory: nucleon's finite-size and quadrupole shape fluctuation effects
H. H. Xie🇨🇳 · J. Li🇨🇳 · Y. L. Yang🇨🇳 · P. W. Zhao🇨🇳
The anomaly in the charge radii of Ca isotopes has been puzzling for nuclear theory for decades. We present the first self-consistent solution to this puzzle within the density functional theory without resorting to local parameter adjustment. By taking into account both the intrinsic electromagnetic structure of nucleons and the zero-point motions of nuclear shape, which have been often neglected in previous studies, the similar charge radii of $^{40}$ Ca and $^{48}$ Ca as well as an inverted parabolic behavior between them are reproduced. It is found that these effects also play crucial roles in the description of the isotonic shift between the charge radii of Sn and Cd isotopes.
Comments:
7 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09437 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·9 citations
04
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025]
Role of two-body dissipation on the mean-field dynamics validity
Yingge Huang🇨🇳 · Hui Wang🇨🇳 · Erxi Xiao🇨🇳 · Long Zhu🇨🇳 · Jun Su🇨🇳
The role of two-body dissipation in nuclear reactions at energies of several times Coulomb barrier remains unclear but is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of deep-inelastic reactions. In this letter, we report a systematic analysis of two-body dissipation effects on the validity of mean-field dynamics, enabled by the TDHF-QRx approach, which incorporates the collision term via the relaxation-time approximation rather than full collision calculations. For deep-inelastic reactions, the contact time between nuclei is found to increase, resulting in changes to the reaction process and fragment properties such as scattering angles and total kinetic energy. These changes become important with the increase of reaction energy and decrease of impact parameter. We identify the range of reaction condition where two-body dissipation becomes significant, providing valuable insights for the applicability of mean-field dynamics approaches. The limitations of model, particularly those arising from the incomplete conservation of the locality of two-body dissipation within the quantum framework, are also discussed.
Comments:
7 pages, 5 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09488 [pdf]
PLB(2025)·1 citation
05
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025]
Separable character of ab initio No-Core Shell Model one-body densities
J. Foy🇺🇸 · Ch. Elster🇺🇸 · P. Maris🇺🇸 · S.P. Weppner🇺🇸 · S.K. Bogner🇺🇸
Motivated by recent findings on the separability of optical potentials that are derived from folding off-shell densities with off-shell nucleon-nucleon amplitudes, we study the off-shell character of one-body density matrices created within the No-Core Shell Model (NCSM). Concentrating on nuclei with a 0 $^{+}$ ground state from $^{4}$ He through $^{48}$ Ca, we investigate the off-shell character of their one-body density matrices in momentum space when using the momentum transfer and the average momentum as variables. A singular value decomposition of the one-body density matrices reveals that they can be characterized by only very few terms, depending on the mass number of the nucleus. These findings are independent of the nucleon-nucleon interactions employed, as well as from computational specifics as grid spacing and size of the model space.
Comments:
14 pages, 11 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09890 [pdf]
PRC(2026)·0 citations
06
[Submitted on 11 Aug 2025] (cross-list from quant-ph)
On continuum and resonant spectra from exact WKB analysis
Okuto Morikawa🇯🇵 · Shoya Ogawa🇯🇵
Resonance phenomena are central to many quantum systems, where resonant states are typically characterized by pole singularities of the S-matrix. In this work, we employ the complex scaling method (CSM) in conjunction with exact WKB analysis to elucidate the geometric structure of scattering problems that encompass both bound and resonant states. By analyzing the continuum spectrum via the exact WKB framework, we derive the S-matrix for the inverted Rosen--Morse potential and reveal its underlying complex-geometric features. Furthermore, we reinterpret the Aguilar--Balslev--Combes theorem, the foundation of CSM, from a geometric perspective, and discuss the physical significance of the Siegert boundary condition within a rigorously defined modified Hilbert space. Our analysis bridges scattering cross-sections and spectral theory, offering new geometric insights into quantum resonance and scattering phenomena.
Comments:
12 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor., accepted version with expanded discussion and updated references
Subjects:
Quantum Physics (quant-ph); High Energy Physics — Theory (hep-th); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09211 [pdf]
J.Phys.A(2026)·3 citations
07
[Submitted on 12 Aug 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Charge dependence of mesons with flavored contact-interaction couplings
Fábio L. Braghin🇧🇷 · Bruno El-Bennich🇧🇷 · Fernando E. Serna🇨🇴
Effective interaction models of quantum chromodynamics, based on quark degrees of freedom, have been successfully employed to compute the properties of a large array of ground and excited meson and baryon states, along with their electromagnetic form factors, distribution functions and thermal behavior. Amongst them, the contact-interaction model, while non-renormalizable, implements confinement, satisfies Lorentz covariance and correctly describes chiral symmetry and its dynamical breaking pattern. Original studies focused on the light hadron sector in the isospin limit and were thereafter extended to heavy mesons and baryons. The strong effective couplings, as well as infrared and ultraviolet regulators, are flavor-dependent model parameters adjusted to reproduce hadronic observables. In contrast, in this study we combine SU(4) flavor-symmetry breaking couplings, obtained from one-loop vacuum polarization amplitudes in the presence of background constituent quark currents, with the contact-interaction model. This allows us to reduce the number of mass-dimensioned parameters and to consistently relate all flavored couplings to a single mass scale, while the masses and weak decay constants of the pions, kaons, $D$ and $D_{s}$ mesons are in good agreement with average reference values. Allowing for realistic isospin breaking, $m_{d} / m_{u} = 1.7$ , in conjunction with the effect of the flavored couplings, leads to a mass splitting, $m_{π^{+}} - m_{π^{0}} \approx 0.3$ MeV, that agrees with lattice QCD values. For the kaons, the mass difference is $m_{K^{0}} - m_{K^{\pm}} \approx 2.3$ MeV, whereas $m_{D^{\pm}} - m_{D^{0}} \approx 0.5$ MeV and the $η_{c}$ is 6\% lighter than the experimental mass.
Comments:
7 pages, 4 tables
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09298 [pdf]
PRD(2026)·1 citation
08
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025] (cross-list from physics.plasm-ph)
Extracting temperature of plasma through fusion reactions within a transport approach
Zhe Zhu🇨🇳 · Jun Xu🇨🇳
We have investigated the method of extracting the temperature from weighted proton-to-neutron yield ratio from fusion reactions as in the previous experiment~[W. Bang, {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{111}, 055002 (2013).] using the Texas Petawatt laser beam. The Coulomb explosion of deuterium clusters is simulated based on the particle-in-cell model in a box system with periodic boundary conditions, and fusion reactions are incorporated through the stochastic method. As long as the deuteron numbers in deuterium clusters follow a log-normal distribution, the low-energy part of the final deuteron spectrum can be fitted by a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, while there are more deuterons in the intermediate- and high-energy region compared to a thermal distribution, and dominate the weighted yield ratio. Therefore, the effective temperature extracted from the weighted yield ratio is generally higher than that from fitting the final deuteron spectrum. The local density fluctuation, which intrinsically exists due to the log-normal distribution of deuteron numbers, further enhances hot deuteron-deuteron collisions, and significantly affects the weighted yield ratio.
Comments:
6 pages, 4 figures
Subjects:
Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph); Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09431 [pdf]
Phys.Plasmas(2025)·0 citations
09
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Spinless glueballs in generalized linear sigma model
Amir H. Fariborz🇺🇸
Within the framework of the generalized linear sigma model, a comprehensive analysis of scalar and pseudoscalar glueballs and their mixing with mesons is presented. The Lagrangian of the model contains two chiral nonets, a quark-antiquark type and a two-quark two-antiquark type. The pseudoscalar and scalar glueballs are introduced through their connections with the axial and the trace anomalies of QCD, respectively. It is found that in order to satisfy the axial anomaly and at the same time accurately generate all seven eta masses, it is necessary to include at least two pseudoscalar glueballs, a physical one and an unphysical one that gets integrated out and yields an effective instanton-type term which is needed in generation of the eta masses. At the leading order, which corresponds to keeping effective terms in the Lagrangian that contain no more than eight underlying quarks and antiquarks, the mass spectrum of the model is worked out and shown to be in complete agreement with experiment. The quark and glue contents of the isosinglet scalars below 2 GeV, and of the isosinglet pseudoscalars up to around 2.2 GeV, are analyzed in detail and their correlations with the scalar glueball condensate are examined. Decay widths of isosinglet scalars as well as different self consistencies within this framework are used to probe the glueball condensate and thereby estimate the quark and glue contents of these states. In the pseudoscalar sector, the state that is dominantly made of glue is clearly a state with mass above 2 GeV. In the scalar sector, the identification of glue contents is less certain and in principle the three isosinglets in the 1.5-2.0 GeV can contain substantial glue. These glue contents are determined as functions of the scalar glueball condensate which is the key quantity in this analysis.
Comments:
48 pages, 22 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); High Energy Physics — Experiment (hep-ex); High Energy Physics — Lattice (hep-lat); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09474 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·0 citations
10
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025] (cross-list from nucl-ex)
Coulomb excitation of $^{124}$ Te: Emerging collectivity and persisting seniority structure in the $6_{1}^{+}$ level
M. Reece🇦🇺 · B. J. Coombes🇦🇺 · A. J. Mitchell🇦🇺 · A. E. Stuchbery🇦🇺 · G. J. Lane🇦🇺 · A. Gargano🇮🇹 · V. U. Bashu🇦🇺 · L. J. Bignell🇦🇺 · C. Gautam🇺🇸 · L. J. McKie🇦🇺 · N. J. Spinks🇦🇺 · J. A. Woodside🇦🇺
The low-lying energy spectra of even-even tellurium isotopes near midshell have long been interpreted as `textbook' examples of vibrational collective motion. However, in many cases electric-quadrupole observables, which are a particularly sensitive probe of collectivity, remain undetermined. Coulomb-excitation measurements were performed to measure transition strengths connecting the ground and low-excitation states in $^{124}$ Te. This isotope lies at a transitional point between collective structure near the neutron midshell and seniority structures near the $N = 82$ shell. A transition strength, $B (E 2; 6_{1}^{+} \to 4_{1}^{+})$ , of 27(9)~W.u. was measured for the $6_{1}^{+} \to 4_{1}^{+}$ transition for the first time in this nucleus; this value is significantly below that expected for a spherical vibrator, as well as other collective models. We examine the transition strengths in $^{124}$ Te and its neighbors by comparison with large-basis shell-model calculations and by comparison with General Collective Model (GCM) fits. A GCM description of $^{120}$ Te agrees with experimental $E 2$ transition strengths, but no comparable description of $^{124}$ Te is possible with the GCM. In contrast, there is remarkably good agreement between the $B (E 2; 6_{1}^{+} \to 4_{1}^{+})$ values and shell-model calculations for $^{124 - 134}$ Te. It appears that, despite approaching midshell, $^{124}$ Te retains a seniority structure for the $6_{1}^{+}$ level, i.e. a significant $π 0 g_{7/2}^{2}$ contribution. This persistence of the shell structure at the $6_{1}^{+}$ state is in contrast to the $B (E 2)$ values of the lower-excitation $2_{1}^{+}$ and $4_{1}^{+}$ states in $^{124}$ Te, and neighboring $^{120}$ Te and $^{122}$ Te, for which the collectivity becomes enhanced as more neutrons are removed from $N = 82$ .
Comments:
16 pages, 9 figures
Subjects:
Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09643 [pdf]
PRC(2025)·3 citations
11
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025] (cross-list from astro-ph.HE)
Cooling of dark neutron stars
B. X. Zhou🇨🇳 · H. C. Das🇮🇹 · J. B. Wei🇨🇳 · G. F. Burgio🇮🇹 · Z. H. Li🇨🇳 · H.-J. Schulze🇮🇹
We study the cooling of isolated dark-matter-admixed neutron stars, employing a realistic nuclear equation of state and realistic nuclear pairing gaps, together with fermionic dark matter of variable particle mass and dark-matter fraction. The related parameter space is scanned for the stellar structural and cooling properties. We find that a consistent description of all current cooling data requires fast direct Urca cooling and reasonable proton 1S0 gaps. Dark matter affects the cooling properties by a modification of the nuclear density profiles, but also changes stellar radius and maximum mass. Possible signals of a large dark matter content could be a very massive but slow-cooling star or a very light but fast-cooling star.
Comments:
14 pages, 10 figures, Published in Phys. Rev. D
Subjects:
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09704 [pdf]
PRD(2025)·11 citations
12
[Submitted on 13 Aug 2025] (cross-list from hep-ph)
Multipolar transitions excited by twisted photons in heavy quarkonia
P.S. Korolev🇷🇺 · V.A. Ryakin🇷🇺
In this study, we investigate the excitation of multipole transitions in quarkonium systems by high-energy photons carrying orbital angular momentum. We derive explicit expressions for the amplitude and probability of photoexcitation incorporating the dynamics of the quarkonium center of mass. It is shown that the leading contribution to the transitions induced by twisted photons comes from the multipole $j = ∣ m_{γ} ∣$ and $m_{γ} = l^{'} - l$ in the long-wave approximation. Despite the fact that similar transitions can be excited by plane-wave photons, twisted photons with $∣ m_{γ} ∣ > 1$ enable the isolation of higher multipoles offering a unique spectroscopic tool. The fulfillment of the derived selection rules imposes constraints on the parameters of the wave packet of the quarkonium center of mass, since, in general, the angular momentum can be transferred to the center of mass. As a case study, we examine the octupole transition $1^{3} G_{3} \to 3^{3} P_{0}$ in the charmonium system. We also compare the probabilities of excitation of this multipole transition by plane-wave and twisted photons with different polarizations.
Comments:
16 pages, 3 figures
Subjects:
High Energy Physics — Phenomenology (hep-ph); Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
arXiv:
2508.09877 [pdf]
EPJC(2026)·1 citation

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE