Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Thursday·June 12, 2025

7 papers—2 primary·5 cross-listed

03
Universal Efimov spectra and fermionic doublets in highly mass-imbalanced cold-atom mixtures with van der Waals and dipole interactions
Kazuki Oi · Shimpei Endo
We study the Efimov states in highly mass-imbalanced three-body systems composed of two identical heavy atoms and one light atom, focusing on the Er-Er-Li and Dy-Dy-Li cold-atom mixtures with strong dipole-dipole interactions between the heavy atoms. By solving the Born-Oppenheimer equation for varying $s$ -wave scattering lengths between the heavy and light atoms, we demonstrate for both bosonic and fermionic systems that the Efimov spectra and hence the three-body parameters are universal even with the dipole interaction comparable in strength to the van der Waals interaction. While the bosonic systems exhibit Efimov states only in the $M_{z} = 0$ channel, the fermionic systems show a characteristic doublet of the Efimov states in the $M_{z} = 0$ and $M_{z} = \pm 1$ channels due to the interplay of finite angular momentum and the anisotropy of the dipole interaction. Both numerical results and analytical formula obtained with the first-order perturbation show that the ratio of the three-body parameters between these two fermionic channels exhibits universality, particularly well in the limit of large mass imbalance. Leveraging this universality, we provide quantitative predictions for the values and ratios of the three-body parameters for experimentally relevant Er-Li and Dy-Li isotopes.
↳ cond-mat.quant-gasnucl-thPRResearch(2025)·2 citations
04
Energy Correlators: A Journey From Theory to Experiment
Ian Moult🇺🇸 · Hua Xing Zhu🇨🇳
Collider experiments offer a unique opportunity to explore the Standard Model (SM), and to search for new physics, new interactions, and new principles of nature. The theoretical abstraction of a collider, namely the study of correlations in asymptotic fluxes, provides one of the most basic examples of an observable in quantum field theory (QFT) and quantum gravity. Energy flux is described in QFT by energy flow operators, a particular example of light-ray operators. In addition to their central role in the theoretical description of collider physics, energy flow operators play an important role in diverse areas of formal QFT and gravity, providing a connection between real world collider phenomenology, and the deep underlying principles of QFT. Recently it has become possible to measure correlation functions of energy flow operators in a wide variety of collider experiments, providing an exciting new connection between collider physics and formal theory. In this review, we provide a survey of recent progress in our understanding of energy operators and their correlators, highlighting their importance in both formal theory and collider phenomenology, and in particular, their great potential for bridging these areas to provide new ways to understand the real world. We intend this article as a resource for both formal theorists interested in understanding how light-ray operators are being applied in particle and nuclear physics, as well as for experimentalists interested in the theoretical motivation for these observables. Most importantly, we aim to stimulate further interaction between the formal, phenomenological and experimental communities through the common lens of energy correlators.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1127 citations
05
Spin alignment of Quarkonia: A Possible Probe of Deconfined QCD matter in Pb+Pb Collisions at $s_{NN} = 5.02$ TeV
Bhagyarathi Sahoo🇮🇳 · Captain R. Singh🇮🇳 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳
In this study, we investigate the influence of deconfined QCD matter on quarkonium spin alignment in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We estimate the spin alignment of charmonium ( $J / ψ$ , and $ψ$ (2S)) and bottomonium ( $Υ$ (1S), and $Υ$ (2S)) states for Pb+Pb collisions at $s_{NN} = 5.02$ TeV as a function of transverse momentum by calculating the energy eigenvalues in a thermal rotating medium. We solve the Schrödinger equation with a medium-modified color-singlet potential, considering the coupling of spin with vorticity and magnetic field. Furthermore, we evaluate the effect of medium temperature, vorticity, magnetic field, and momentum-space anisotropy on the elements of the spin density matrix. Our findings reveal that vorticity increases the spin alignment, while the magnetic fields and anisotropy modify the observables in a state-dependent manner. These findings deepen our understanding of quarkonium spin alignment in an anisotropic magneto-vortical thermal medium, shedding light on spin transport phenomena in heavy-ion collisions.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-ex+1EPJC(2026)·8 citations
06
Heavy Quark State Production via p-p and O-O Collisions
Leonard S. Kisslinger🇺🇸 · Debasish Das🇮🇳
Here we have considered $J /Ψ$ is a normal charmonium meson, while $Ψ (2 S)$ is a mixed hybrid charmonium meson. Similarly $Υ (1 S)$ and $Υ (2 S)$ are normal upsilon mesons, while $Υ (3 S)$ is a mixed hybrid upsilon meson. We discuss the differential rapidity cross sections for $J /Ψ$ , $Ψ (2 S)$ , $Υ (1 S)$ , $Υ (2 S)$ , $Υ (3 S)$ production via p-p, and O-O collisions at proton-proton energy $\equiv s_{pp}$ = 5.44 TeV. The rapidity taken for the present study goes from y=-1 to 1.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-th0 citations
07
Baryon-antibaryon generalized distribution amplitudes and $e^{+} e^{-} \to B B ˉ γ$
Jing Han🇨🇳 · Bernard Pire🇫🇷 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳
Baryon-antibaryon generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) give an access to timelike gravitational form factors (GFFs) which are complementary to the spacelike ones which can be deduced from the hadronic generalized parton distributions (GPDs) measured in deep exclusive electroproduction processes. They allow to probe the GFFs of unstable baryons in the baryon octet, since the second moments of hadronic generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) lead to the timelike GFFs. These GDAs can be measured in the process $e^{+} e^{-} \to B B ˉ γ$ , in the generalized Bjorken regime where the invariant mass of the $B B ˉ$ pair is near threshold at high energy facilities, such as BESIII, Belle II, and the proposed Super Tau-Charm Facility. In this work, we investigate this process using the QCD collinear factorization framework, where the scattering amplitudes are expressed in terms of the baryon timelike electromagnetic (EM) FFs and Compton FFs. We also provide a numerical estimate of the cross sections with a model for baryon-antibaryon GDAs. Our work provides us a possibility to extract the timelike baryon GFFs from near future experimental measurements, and these GFFs may be further used to study longstanding questions in hadronic physics such as the baryon spin decomposition and D-term.
↳ hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-thPRD(2025)·4 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE

Universal Efimov spectra and fermionic doublets in highly mass-imbalanced cold-atom mixtures with van der Waals and dipole interactions

Energy Correlators: A Journey From Theory to Experiment

Spin alignment of Quarkonia: A Possible Probe of Deconfined QCD matter in Pb+Pb Collisions at sNN​​=5.02 TeV

Heavy Quark State Production via p-p and O-O Collisions

Baryon-antibaryon generalized distribution amplitudes and e+e−→BBˉγ

Affiliations

Spin alignment of Quarkonia: A Possible Probe of Deconfined QCD matter in Pb+Pb Collisions at $s_{NN} = 5.02$ TeV

Baryon-antibaryon generalized distribution amplitudes and $e^{+} e^{-} \to B B ˉ γ$