Nuclear Theory·nucl-th

Friday·May 17, 2024

12 papers—9 primary·3 cross-listed

01
BSQ Conserved Charges in Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics solved with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Christopher Plumberg🇺🇸 · Dekrayat Almaalol🇺🇸 · Travis Dore🇺🇸 · Débora Mroczek🇺🇸 · Jordi Salinas San Martín🇺🇸 · Willian M. Serenone🇺🇸 · Lydia Spychalla🇺🇸 · Patrick Carzon🇺🇸 · Matthew D. Sievert🇺🇸 · Fernando G. Gardim🇺🇸 · Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler🇺🇸
Conservation laws play a crucial role in the modeling of heavy-ion collisions, including the those for charges such as baryon number (B), strangeness (S), and electric charge (Q). In this study, we present a new 2+1 relativistic viscous hydrodynamic code called CCAKE which uses the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) formalism to locally conserve BSQ charges, together with an extended description of the multi-dimensional equation of state (EoS) obtained from lattice Quantum Chromodynamics. Initial conditions for CCAKE are supplied by the ICCING model, which samples gluon splittings into quark anti-quark pairs to generate the initial BSQ charge distributions. We study correlations between the BSQ charges and find that local BSQ fluctuations remain finite during the evolution, with corresponding chemical potentials of ( $\sim 100$ -- $200 MeV$ ) at freeze-out. We find that our framework produces reasonable multiplicities of identified particles and that ICCING has no significant effect on the collective flow of all charged particles nor of identified particles when only one particle of interest is considered. However, we show specifically for Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC $s_{N N} = 5.02$ TeV that ICCING does have an effect on collective flow of identified particles if two particles of interest are considered.
nucl-thhep-phPRC(2025)·28 citations
02
Spin polarization in heavy-ion collisions induced by thermal vorticity and thermal shear
M. Buzzegoli🇺🇸
The vorticity is a quantity defined in a relativistic fluid that describes how much a fluid element is rotating and accelerating. By measuring the spin polarization of hadrons, it was found that the quark gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions is the most "vorticous" fluid ever observed. More generally, this opens the possibility to study the physics of QCD matter using spin. Here I use statistical quantum field theory applied to a fluid in local thermodynamic equilibrium to show how to connect the average spin of a fermion with hydrodynamic quantities, and in particular with the thermal vorticity and the thermal shear. I show that the spin polarization of a Dirac particle induced by thermal vorticity is related to the gravitational (in medium) form factor related to spin-rotation coupling. For these reasons, as we are understanding the role of spin in hydrodynamics and in heavy-ion collisions, spin is becoming a promising tool to investigate the properties of QCD and whose applications are just begun to be explored.
nucl-thPoS(2024)·2 citations
03
Direct ab initio calculation of the $^{4}$ He nuclear electric dipole polarizability
Peng Yin · Andrey M. Shirokov · Pieter Maris · Patrick J. Fasano · Mark A. Caprio · He Li · Wei Zuo · James P. Vary
The calculation of nuclear electromagnetic sum rules by directly diagonalizing the nuclear Hamiltonian in a large basis is numerically challenging and has not been performed for $A > 2$ nuclei. With the significant progress of high performance computing, we show that calculating sum rules using numerous discretized continuum states obtained by directly diagonalizing the ab initio no-core shell model Hamiltonian is achievable numerically. Specifically, we calculate the $^{4}$ He electric dipole ( $E 1$ ) polarizability, that is an inverse energy weighted sum rule, employing the Daejeon16 $N N$ interaction. We demonstrate that the calculations are numerically tractable as the dimension of the basis increases and are convergent. Our results for the $^{4}$ He electric dipole polarizability are consistent with the most recent experimental data and are compared with those of other theoretical studies employing different techniques and various interactions.
nucl-thPLB(2024)·6 citations
04
Three-body forces and Efimov physics in nuclei and atoms
Shimpei Endo🇯🇵 · Evgeny Epelbaum🇩🇪 · Pascal Naidon🇯🇵 · Yusuke Nishida🇯🇵 · Kimiko Sekiguchi🇯🇵 · Yoshiro Takahashi🇯🇵
This review article presents historical developments and recent advances in our understanding on the three-body forces and Efimov physics, from an interdisciplinary viewpoint encompassing nuclear physics and cold atoms. Theoretical attempts to elucidate the three-body force with the chiral effective field theory are explained, followed by an overview of experiments aimed at observing signatures of the nuclear three-body force. Some recent experimental and theoretical works in the field of cold atoms devoted to measuring and engineering three-body forces among atoms are also presented. As a phenomenon arising from the three-body effect, Efimov physics in both cold atoms and nuclear systems is reviewed.
nucl-thcond-mat.quant-gasnucl-exEPJA(2025)·21 citations
05
Flow and Equation of State of nuclear matter at $E_{kin}$ /A=0.25-1.5 GeV with the SMASH transport approach
Lucia Anna Tarasovičová🇸🇰 · Justin Mohs🇩🇪 · Anton Andronic🇩🇪 · Hannah Elfner🇩🇪 · Karl-Heinz Kampert🇩🇪
We present a comparison of directed and elliptic flow data by the FOPI collaboration in Au--Au, Xe--CsI, and Ni--Ni collisions at beam kinetic energies from 0.25 to 1.5 GeV per nucleon to simulations using the SMASH hadronic transport model. The Equation of State is parameterized as a function of nuclear density and momentum dependent potentials are newly introduced in SMASH. With a statistical analysis, we show that within the present status of the SMASH transport model, the collective flow data at lower energies is in the best agreement with a soft momentum dependent potential, while the elliptic flow at higher energies requires a harder momentum dependent Equation of State.
nucl-thEPJA(2024)·18 citations
06
A study of the fine-structure constant dependence of radiative capture in Halo-EFT
Ulf-G. Meißner🇩🇪 · Bernard Ch. Metsch🇩🇪 · Helen Meyer🇩🇪
We study the fine-structure constant dependence of the rates of some selected radiative capture reactions within the framework of so-called Halo Effective Field Theory in order to assess the adequacy of some assumptions made on the Coulomb penetrability. We find that this dependence deviates from that implied by a parameterization of the cross sections of this effect via a simple penetration factor. Some features of this fine-structure dependence are discussed, in particular its potential impact on the abundances of the light elements in primordial nucleosynthesis.
nucl-thastro-ph.COhep-phhep-th+1EPJA(2024)·2 citations
07
Formation of superconducting pair correlations in spherical even-even nuclei
V. A. Kuz'min · T. V. Tetereva
The appearance of like nucleon pair correlations in the ground state of spherical even-even nuclei is considered within a special Bogoliubov transformation. It is confirmed that in closed subshell nuclei superconducting pair correlations start to form if the coupling constant $G$ exceeds a certain threshold value. Rough upper and lower estimates are obtained for the threshold value. It is shown, that superconducting correlations exist in open subshell nuclei at any positive $G$ . In this case, nucleon pairs are distributed over all subshells participating in the pairing interaction.
nucl-thcond-mat.supr-conPhys.Part.Nucl.Lett.(2024)·0 citations
08
Quantum Complexity Fluctuations from Nuclear and Hypernuclear Forces
Caroline E. P. Robin🇩🇪 · Martin J. Savage🇺🇸
Toward an improved understanding of the role of quantum information in nuclei and exotic matter, we examine the quantum magic (non-stabilizerness) in low-energy strong interaction processes. As stabilizer states can be prepared efficiently using classical computers, and include classes of entangled states, it is quantum magic and fluctuations in quantum magic, together with entanglement, that determine computational resource requirements. As a measure of fluctuations in quantum magic, and hence the severity of the exponentially-scaling classical computing resource requirements, induced by scattering, the "magic power" of the S-matrix is introduced. This provides indirect experimental constraints on quantum resources required to model nuclei and dense matter using fault-tolerant quantum computers. Using experimentally-determined scattering phase shifts and mixing parameters, the magic power in nucleon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon scattering, along with the magic in the deuteron, are found to exhibit interesting and distinct features. The $Σ^{-}$ -baryon is identified as a potential candidate catalyst for enhanced spreading of magic and entanglement in dense matter, depending on in-medium decoherence.
nucl-thhep-phquant-phPRC(2025)·50 citations
09
Locating the critical point for the hadron to quark-gluon plasma phase transition from finite-size scaling of proton cumulants in heavy-ion collisions
Agnieszka Sorensen🇺🇸 · Paul Sorensen🇺🇸
We perform a finite-size scaling analysis of net-proton number cumulants in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies between $s_{NN} = 2.4$ GeV and 54.4 GeV to search for evidence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram. In our analysis, we use both susceptibility and Binder cumulants which we extract from the second and fourth moments of the net-proton number distributions. We take measurements in different rapidity bin widths, corresponding to different subvolumes of the system, as probes of different length scales. We use model simulations to verify the applicability of this approach, then apply it to data and find evidence for a critical point near the baryon chemical potential of $μ_{B} \approx 625$ MeV and temperature of $T \approx 140$ MeV. The Binder cumulants, also analyzed in varying rapidity bin widths, provide complementary evidence for a critical point in a similar region. This is the first analysis of experimental data to locate the critical point in a range consistent with theoretical predictions.
nucl-thnucl-ex37 citations
10
Probing neutrino-nucleus interaction in DUNE and MicroBooNE
R Lalnuntluanga🇮🇳 · R K Pradhan🇮🇳 · A Giri🇮🇳
The neutrino experiments utilize heavy nuclear targets to achieve high statistics neutrino-nucleus interaction event rate, which leads to systematic uncertainties in the oscillation parameters due to the nuclear effects and uncertainties in the cross-section. Understanding the interaction of neutrinos with the nucleus becomes crucial in determining the oscillation parameters with high precision. We investigate the uncertainty in quasi-elastic interaction due to nuclear effects by selecting exactly 1 proton, 0 pions, and any number of neutrons in the final state in DUNE and MicroBooNE detectors, and the effects on the neutrino oscillation in the DUNE detector. The calorimetric method with this selection can be used for accurate neutrino energy reconstruction in the quasi-elastic channel where the nuclear effects are inevitable.
↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-thNPB(2024)·3 citations
11
The 3He(\vec n,p)3H parity-conserving asymmetry
M. Viviani · S. Baeßler · L. Barrón-Palos · N. Birge · J.D. Bowman · J. Calarco · V. Cianciolo · C.E. Coppola · C.B. Crawford · G. Dodson · N. Fomin · I. Garishvili and 19 other authors
Recently, the n $^{3}$ He collaboration reported a measurement of the parity-violating (PV) proton directional asymmetry $A_{PV} = (1.55 \pm 0.97 (st at) \pm 0.24 (sys)) \times 1 0^{- 8}$ in the capture reaction of $^{3}$ He $(n, p)^{3}$ H at meV incident neutron energies. The result increased the limited inventory of precisely measured and calculable PV observables in few-body systems required to further understand the structure of hadronic weak interaction. In this letter, we report the experimental and theoretical investigation of a parity conserving (PC) asymmetry $A_{PC}$ in the same reaction (the first ever measured PC observable at meV neutron energies). As a result of S- and P-wave mixing in the reaction, the $A_{PC}$ is inversely proportional to the neutron wavelength $λ$ . The experimental value is $(λ \times A_{PC}) \equiv β = (- 1.97 \pm 0.28 (stat) \pm 0.12 (sys)) \times 1 0^{- 6}$ Amstrongs. We present results for a theoretical analysis of this reaction by solving the four-body scattering problem within the hyperspherical harmonic method. We find that in the $^{3}$ He $(n, p)^{3}$ H reaction, $A_{PC}$ depends critically on the energy and width of the close $0^{-}$ resonant state of $^{4}$ He, resulting in a large sensitivity to the spin-orbit components of the nucleon-nucleon force and even to the three-nucleon force. The analysis of the accurately measured $A_{PC}$ and $A_{PV}$ using the same few-body theoretical models gives essential information needed to interpret the PV asymmetry in the $^{3}$ He $(n, p)^{3}$ H reaction.
↳ nucl-exnucl-th1 citation
12
Corrections to adiabatic behavior for long paths
Thomas D. Cohen🇺🇸 · Hyunwoo Oh🇺🇸
The cost and the error of the adiabatic theorem for preparing the final eigenstate are discussed in terms of path length. Previous studies in terms of the norm of the Hamiltonian and its derivatives with the spectral gap are limited in their ability to describe the cost of adiabatic state preparation for certain physically large systems. We argue that total time is not a good measure for determining the computational difficulty of adiabatic quantum computation by developing a no-go theorem. From the result of time-periodic Hamiltonian cases, we suggest that there are proxies for computational cost which typically grow as path length increases when the error is kept fixed and small and consider possible conjectures on how general the behavior is.
↳ quant-phhep-latnucl-thPRA(2024)·5 citations

Affiliations

first authorsco-authorsvia INSPIRE