Thu·Oct 24, 2024Thursday·October 24, 2024

1. 01*

   Nuclear structure of dripline nuclei elucidated through precision mass measurements of ${}^{23}$Si, ${}^{26}$P, ${}^{27,28}$S, and ${}^{31}$Ar

   Y.Yu🇺🇸 · Y. M. Xing · Y. H. Zhang🇨🇳 · M. Wang🇨🇳 · X. H. Zhou🇨🇳 · J. G. Li🇨🇳 · H. H. Li🇨🇳 · Q. Yuan🇨🇳 · Y. F. Niu🇨🇳 · Y. N. Huang · J. Geng🇨🇳 · J. Y. Guo🇨🇳 and 30 other authors

   Using the B$\rho$-defined isochronous mass spectrometry technique, we report the first determination of the ${}^{23}$Si, ${}^{26}$P, ${}^{27}$S, and ${}^{31}$Ar masses and improve the precision of the ${}^{28}$S mass by a factor of 11. Our measurements confirm that these isotopes are bound and fix the location of the proton dripline in P, S, and Ar. We find that the mirror energy differences of the mirror-nuclei pairs ${}^{26}$P-${}^{26}$Na, ${}^{27}$P-${}^{27}$Mg, ${}^{27}$S-${}^{27}$Na, ${}^{28}$S-${}^{28}$Mg, and ${}^{31}$Ar-${}^{31}$Al deviate significantly from the values predicted assuming mirror symmetry. In addition, we observe similar anomalies in the excited states, but not in the ground states, of the mirror-nuclei pairs ${}^{22}$Al-${}^{22}$F and ${}^{23}$Al-${}^{23}$Ne. Using $abinitio$ VS-IMSRG and mean field calculations, we show that such a mirror-symmetry breaking phenomeon can be explained by the extended charge distributions of weakly-bound, proton-rich nuclei. When observed, this phenomenon serves as a unique signature that can be valuable for identifying proton-halo candidates.

   nucl-exPRL(2024)·38 citations
2. 02*

   First measurement of A = 4 (anti)hypernuclei at the LHC

   ALICE Collaboration

   In this Letter, the first evidence of the ${}_{\bar{\Lambda }}^4\overline{\mathrm{He}}$ antihypernucleus is presented, along with the first measurement at the LHC of the production of (anti)hypernuclei with mass number $A=4$, specifically (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{H}$ and (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{He}$. In addition, the antiparticle-to-particle ratios for both hypernuclei (${}_{\bar{\Lambda }}^4\overline{\mathrm{H}}$ / ${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{H}$ and ${}_{\bar{\Lambda }}^4\overline{\mathrm{He}}$ / ${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{He}$) are shown, which are sensitive to the baryochemical potential of the strongly-interacting matter created in heavy-ion collisions. The results are obtained from a data sample of central Pb-Pb collisions, collected during the 2018 LHC data-taking at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV. The yields measured for the average of the charge-conjugated states are found to be $[0.78\pm 0.19(stat.)\pm 0.17(syst.)]\times 10^{-6}$ for the (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{H}$ and $[1.08\pm 0.34(stat.)\pm 0.20(syst.)]\times 10^{-6}$ for the (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{He}$, and the measured antiparticle-to-particle ratios are in agreement with unity. The presence of (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{H}$ and (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{He}$ excited states is expected to strongly enhance the production yield of these hypernuclei. The yield values exhibit a combined deviation of 3.3$\sigma$ from the theoretical ground-state-only expectation, while the inclusion of the excited states in the calculations leads to an agreement within 0.6$\sigma$ with the present measurements. Additionally, the measured (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{H}$ and (anti)${}_{\Lambda }^4\mathrm{He}$ masses are compatible with the world-average values within the uncertainties.

   nucl-exhep-exPRL(2025)·18 citations
3. 03*

   Intermediate Mass Kaonic Atoms at DA$\Phi$NE

   Francesco Artibani · Francesco Clozza · Massimiliano Bazzi · Cesidio Capoccia · Alberto Clozza · Luca De Paolis · Kamil Dulski · Carlo Guaraldo · Mihai Iliescu · Aleksander Khreptak · Simone Manti · Fabrizio Napolitano and 27 other authors

   The SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration aims to measure for the first time the shift and width induced on the $1s$ level of kaonic deuterium by the strong interaction. In the preliminary phase to the experiment, a test run using a Helium-4 target was performed to optimize the performance of the full experimental apparatus. This preliminary study highlighted the possibility to measure transition lines coming from intermediate mass kaonic atoms, such as kaonic carbon and kaonic aluminum. In order to measure transitions where strong interaction is manifesting at higher energies, out of the energy range of the SIDDHARTA-2 apparatus, the collaboration is testing a new detector system which exploits a novel compound semiconductor, the Cadmium Zinc Telluride. Tests are now running at DA$\Phi$NE to study the performance of this detector, exploring the possibility to build a dedicated setup.

   nucl-exActa Phys.Polon.Supp.(2024)·2 citations
4. 04*

   Refining the nuclear mass surface with the mass of ${}^{103}$Sn

   L. Nies🇨🇭 · D. Atanasov🇫🇷 · M. Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis🇨🇭 · M. Au🇨🇭 · C. Bernerd🇨🇭 · K. Blaum🇩🇪 · K. Chrysalidis🇨🇭 · P. Fischer🇩🇪 · R. Heinke🇨🇭 · C. Klink🇩🇪 · D. Lange🇩🇪 · D. Lunney🇫🇷 and 8 other authors

   Mass measurements with the ISOLTRAP mass spectrometer at CERN-ISOLDE improve mass uncertainties of neutron-deficient tin isotopes towards doubly-magic ${}^{100}$Sn. The mass uncertainty of ${}^{103}$Sn was reduced by a factor of 4, and the new value for the mass excess of -67104(18) keV is compared with nuclear \textit{ab initio} and density functional theory calculations. Based on these results and local trends in the mass surface, the masses of ${}^{101,103}$Sn, as determined through their $Q_{\text{EC}}$ values, were found to be inconsistent with the new results. From our measurement for ${}^{103}$Sn, we extrapolate the mass excess of ${}^{101}$Sn to -60005(300) keV, which is significantly more bound than previously suggested. By correcting the mass values for ${}^{101,103}$Sn, we also adjust the values of ${}^{104}$Sb, ${}^{105,107}$Te, ${}^{108}$I, ${}^{109,111}$Xe, and ${}^{112}$Cs near the proton drip line which are connected through their $\alpha$- and proton $Q$-values. The results show an overall smoothening of the mass surface, suggesting the absence of deformation energy above the $N=50$ shell closure.

   nucl-exPRC(2025)·9 citations
5. 05*

   sPHENIX Highlights: First Results from sPHENIX at RHIC

   Rachid Nouicer (for the sPHENIX Collaboration)🇺🇸

   First results from the sPHENIX experiment on the ${\pi }^0$ ${\mathrm{v}}_{{}_2}$ and $d{E}_T/d\eta$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV using detector commissioning data during the RHIC 2023 Run are presented. These results are shown across a large centrality range, and compared to previous PHENIX and STAR results. These measurements demonstrate the sPHENIX capabilities towards accomplishing the sPHENIX jet physics program. From the ongoing RHIC 2024 Run, $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV, a first glimpse of the measurements $K_S^0$ and ${\Lambda }^0$ obtained by the sPHENIX Time Projection Chamber (TPC) detector are shown.

   nucl-exEPJ Web Conf.(2025)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Exploring Particle Production and Thermal-Like Behavior through Quantum Entanglement

   Alek Hutson🇺🇸 · Rene Bellwied🇺🇸

   Recent studies have shown a potential correlation between the entanglement of initial state partons in elementary particle collisions, as conceptualized by contemporary quantum and particle theory, and the final state multiplicity distribution of hadrons produced in experiments like those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It has been proposed that this relation between states can be demonstrated in a measurement of entropy. By showing equality between entanglement entropy in the initial state and thermodynamic entropy in the final state, we hope to demonstrate that not only is entanglement the driving mechanism behind matter generation, but also the thermal-like behavior seen in high energy particle collisions.

   ↳ hep-phhep-thnucl-exnucl-thUniverse(2026)·2 citations
7. 07*

   Overview on the theory and phenomenology of generalized parton distributions

   Jian-Wei Qiu🇺🇸 · Zhite Yu🇺🇸

   We give a brief overview on the theory and phenomenology of generalized parton distributions (GPDs), including the recently developed framework of single-diffractive hard exclusive process for matching GPDs to experimental observables. We concentrate on the extraction of GPDs from experimental processes, especially on the challenges and potential solutions regarding the separation of different GPDs and the extraction of $x$-dependence of GPDs, which is critically important for constructing the tomographic images and matching the $x$-moments of GPDs to various emergent hadron properties.

   ↳ hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPoS(2024)·1 citation
8. 08*

   Subshell gaps and onsets of collectivity from proton and neutron pairing gap correlations

   José Nicolás Orce🇿🇦

   Throughout the nuclear chart, particle-hole correlations give rise to giant resonances and, together with the proton-neutron interaction, deformation and rotational bands. In order to shed light on many-body correlations in open-shell nuclei, I explore macroscopic properties that could manifest from the collective behavior of protons and neutrons. Intuitively, the correlation of proton and neutron Cooper pairs can be inferred from the respective pairing gaps, that can precisely be extracted from the AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation through odd-even atomic mass differences. This work shows that the combination of large and close-lying proton and neutron pairing gaps is sensitive to onsets of collectivity and subshell gaps in superfluid nuclei, away from major shell closures. Trends of reduced transition probabilities or B(E2) values -- which describe the collective overlap between the wave functions of initial and final nuclear states -- are revealed in overall agreement with data. Specially interesting is the peak of collectivity in the tin isotopes at ${}^{110}$Sn, instead of at midshell, as expected by large-scale shell-model calculations; a situation that has astounded the nuclear physics community for quite some time.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-exAtom.Data Nucl.Data Tabl.(2025)·1 citation
9. 09*

   Production of double strange hypernuclei and exotic nuclei in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=3 GeV

   N. Buyukcizmeci🇹🇷 · T. Reichert🇩🇪 · A.S. Botvina🇩🇪 · M. Bleicher🇩🇪

   We extend the theoretical approach which includes the dynamical and statistical stages for the description of the nucleosynthesis in central collisions of relativistic ions. Previously, this approach was successfully applied to describe experimental data on both normal nuclei and single strange hypernuclei production in the GSI and RHIC-BES energy range. We predict the multiplicities of double strange hypernuclei up to ${}_{\Lambda \Lambda }^4$H and further intermediate mass nuclei up to ${}^8$Be for Au+Au central collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=3 GeV, recently explored by the STAR experiments. These new nuclei can be identified by the measurement of the correlated particles coming after their decay. Such observations are a crucial test for the nucleosynthesis mechanism.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-exEPJA(2025)·6 citations
10. 10*

    Multimuons in cosmic-ray events as seen in ALICE at the LHC

    ALICE Collaboration

    ALICE is a large experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Located 52 meters underground, its detectors are suitable to measure muons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. In this paper, the studies of the cosmic muons registered by ALICE during Run 2 (2015--2018) are described. The analysis is limited to multimuon events defined as events with more than four detected muons ($N_{\mu }>4$) and in the zenith angle range $0^{\circ }<\theta <50^{\circ }$. The results are compared with Monte Carlo simulations using three of the main hadronic interaction models describing the air shower development in the atmosphere: QGSJET-II-04, EPOS-LHC, and SIBYLL 2.3d. The interval of the primary cosmic-ray energy involved in the measured muon multiplicity distribution is about $4\times 10^{15}<E_{\mathrm{prim}}<6\times 10^{16}$~eV. In this interval none of the three models is able to describe precisely the trend of the composition of cosmic rays as the energy increases. However, QGSJET-II-04 is found to be the only model capable of reproducing reasonably well the muon multiplicity distribution, assuming a heavy composition of the primary cosmic rays over the whole energy range, while SIBYLL 2.3d and EPOS-LHC underpredict the number of muons in a large interval of multiplicity by more than $20\%$ and $30\%$, respectively. The rate of high muon multiplicity events ($N_{\mu }>100$) obtained with QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d is compatible with the data, while EPOS-LHC produces a significantly lower rate ($55\%$ of the measured rate). For both QGSJET-II-04 and SIBYLL 2.3d, the rate is close to the data when the composition is assumed to be dominated by heavy elements, an outcome compatible with the average energy $E_{\mathrm{prim}}\sim 10^{17}$ eV of these events. This result places significant constraints on more exotic production mechanisms.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-exnucl-exJCAP(2025)·7 citations
11. 11*

    Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Sensitivity of the XLZD Rare Event Observatory

    XLZD Collaboration: J. Aalbers · K. Abe · M. Adrover · S. Ahmed Maouloud · D. S. Akerib · A. K. Al Musalhi · F. Alder · L. Althueser · D. W. P. Amaral · C. S. Amarasinghe · A. Ames · B. Andrieu and 431 other authors

    The XLZD collaboration is developing a two-phase xenon time projection chamber with an active mass of 60 to 80 t capable of probing the remaining WIMP-nucleon interaction parameter space down to the so-called neutrino fog. In this work we show that, based on the performance of currently operating detectors using the same technology and a realistic reduction of radioactivity in detector materials, such an experiment will also be able to competitively search for neutrinoless double beta decay in ${}^{136}$Xe using a natural-abundance xenon target. XLZD can reach a 3$\sigma$ discovery potential half-life of 5.7$\times$10${}^{27}$ yr (and a 90% CL exclusion of 1.3$\times$10${}^{28}$ yr) with 10 years of data taking, corresponding to a Majorana mass range of 7.3-31.3 meV (4.8-20.5 meV). XLZD will thus exclude the inverted neutrino mass ordering parameter space and will start to probe the normal ordering region for most of the nuclear matrix elements commonly considered by the community.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exnucl-exJ.Phys.G(2025)·31 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.