Tue·May 14, 2024Tuesday·May 14, 2024

1. 01*

   Larmor Power Limit for Cyclotron Radiation of Relativistic Particles in a Waveguide

   N. Buzinsky🇺🇸 · R. J. Taylor🇺🇸 · W. Byron🇺🇸 · W. DeGraw🇺🇸 · B. Dodson🇺🇸 · M. Fertl🇩🇪 · A. García🇺🇸 · A. P. Goodson🇺🇸 · B. Graner🇺🇸 · H. Harrington🇺🇸 · L. Hayen🇺🇸 · L. Malavasi🇺🇸 and 16 other authors

   Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy (CRES) is a modern technique for high-precision energy spectroscopy, in which the energy of a charged particle in a magnetic field is measured via the frequency of the emitted cyclotron radiation. The He6-CRES collaboration aims to use CRES to probe beyond the standard model physics at the TeV scale by performing high-resolution and low-background beta-decay spectroscopy of ${}^6\text{He}$ and ${}^{19}\text{Ne}$. Having demonstrated the first observation of individual, high-energy (0.1 -- 2.5 MeV) positrons and electrons via their cyclotron radiation, the experiment provides a novel window into the radiation of relativistic charged particles in a waveguide via the time-derivative (slope) of the cyclotron radiation frequency, $\mathrm{d}{f}_{\text{c}}/\mathrm{d}t$. We show that analytic predictions for the total cyclotron radiation power emitted by a charged particle in circular and rectangular waveguides are approximately consistent with the Larmor formula, each scaling with the Lorentz factor of the underlying $e^{\pm }$ as ${\gamma }^4$. This hypothesis is corroborated with experimental CRES slope data.

   nucl-exNew J.Phys.(2024)·4 citations
2. 02*

   Review of Neutron Yield from ($\alpha$, n) Reactions: Data, Methods, and Prospects

   D. Cano-Ott🇪🇸 · S. Cebrián🇪🇸 · P. Dimitriou🇦🇹 · M. Gromov🇷🇺 · M. Harańczyk🇵🇱 · A. Kish🇺🇸 · H. Kluck🇦🇹 · V. A. Kudryavtsev🇬🇧 · I. Lazanu🇷🇴 · V. Lozza🇵🇹 · G. Luzón🇪🇸 · E. Mendoza🇪🇸 and 7 other authors

   Understanding the radiogenic neutron production rate through the ($\alpha$, n) reaction is crucial in many areas of physics, including dark matter searches, neutrino studies, and nuclear astrophysics. In addition to its relevance for fundamental research, the ($\alpha$, n) reaction also plays a significant role in nuclear energy technologies, for example by contributing to neutron production in subcritical systems using UO${}_2$, as well as in applications such as medical physics. This review examines the current state of ($\alpha$, n) yield calculations and neutron spectra, describes the computational tools used for their estimation, and discusses the available cross-section data. We explore the uncertainties affecting ($\alpha$, n) yield estimations and propose a strategy to enhance their accuracy. Furthermore, this paper discusses and emphasizes the need for new measurements of ($\alpha$, n) cross-sections for a variety of relevant materials. Such measurements are essential for improving neutron flux predictions, which are crucial for reducing uncertainties in sensitivity estimates for next-generation physics experiments operating in the keV--MeV range.

   nucl-exhep-exnucl-thJ.Phys.G(2026)·9 citations
3. 03*

   Measurement of Spectrum Averaged Cross Sections in LR-0 Benchmark Reference Neutron Field

   Michal Košťál🇨🇿 · Evžen Losa · Stanislav Simakov · Tomáš Czakoj · Martin Schulc🇨🇿 · Jan Šimon · Vojtěch Rypar · Martin Mareček · Jan Uhlíř · Alena Krechlerová · Tomáš Peltan · Radek Pošvař and 4 other authors

   The measured and evaluated excitation functions are fundamental quantities that affect the accuracy of all calculations in nuclear applications. Some cross sections, such as 14N(n,p)14C, have added value for special applications, as these reactions may be responsible for possible contamination in industrial processes such as spent fuel reprocessing. For the validation of the evaluated cross sections, we can rely on the comparison of the calculated spectrum averaged cross sections (SACS) for the given neutron spectrum with the measured SACS value. The benchmark reference neutron field has been identified, characterized, and well validated in the LR-0 special core. A very large set of SACS measurements in the LR0 reference field is measured with low uncertainty, making it an excellent set for deconvolution codes validation. The impact of the gamma-induced reaction on the production yield of neutron-induced reactions was investigated for most of the benchmarked reactions. Gamma competition was found to contribute at most 1% for the 197Au(n,2n) reaction, while being substantially lower for other target isotopes and neutron-induced activation reactions.

   nucl-exphysics.ins-det0 citations
4. 04*

   Results from the CsI Calorimeter onboard the 2023 ComPair Balloon Flight

   Daniel Shy🇺🇸 · Richard S. Woolf🇺🇸 · Clio Sleator🇺🇸 · Bernard Phlips🇺🇸 · J. Eric Grove🇺🇸 · Eric A. Wulf · Mary Johnson-Rambert · Mitch Davis · Emily Kong🇺🇸 · Thomas Caligiure · A. Wilder Crosier · Aleksey Bolotnikov🇺🇸 and 24 other authors

   The ComPair gamma-ray telescope is a technology demonstrator for a future gamma-ray telescope called the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory (AMEGO). The instrument is composed of four subsystems, a double-sided silicon strip detector, a virtual Frisch grid CdZnTe calorimeter, a CsI:Tl based calorimeter, and an anti-coincidence detector (ACD). The CsI calorimeter's goal is to measure the position and energy deposited from high-energy events. To demonstrate the technological readiness, the calorimeter has flown onboard a NASA scientific balloon as part of the GRAPE-ComPair mission and accumulated around 3 hours of float time at an altitude of 40 km. During the flight, the CsI calorimeter observed background radiation, Regener-Pfotzer Maximum, and several gamma-ray activation lines originating from aluminum.

   ↳ astro-ph.IMnucl-exProc.SPIE Int.Soc.Opt.Eng.(2024)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Second-Order Dissociation and Transition of Heavy Quarkonia in the Quark-Gluon Plasma

   Shouxing Zhao🇨🇳 · Min He🇨🇳

   We revisit the dissociation of heavy quarkonia by thermal partons at the next-to-leading order (NLO, also known as inelastic parton scattering dissociation) in the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Utilizing the chromo-electric dipole coupling from QCD multipole expansion as an effective Hamiltonian, this has been conducted in the approach of second-order quantum mechanical perturbation theory, which allows us to systematically incorporate the bound state wave functions. Employing the quarkonium wave functions and binding energies obtained from an in-medium potential model, we then numerically evaluate the dissociation cross sections and rates for various charmonia and bottomonia, where the infrared and collinear divergences are regularized by the thermal masses of medium partons. We demonstrate that distinct from the leading order (LO, also known as gluo-dissociation) counterparts peaking at relatively low gluon energy and falling off thereafter, the NLO cross sections first grow and then nearly saturate as the incident parton energy increases, as a result of the outgoing parton carrying away the excess energy. The resulting NLO dissociation rates increase with temperature and take over from the LO counterparts toward high temperatures, similar to pertinent findings from previous studies. We also evaluate the in-medium second-order transition between different bound states, which may contribute to the total thermal decay widths of heavy quarkonia in the QGP.

   ↳ hep-phnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2024)·9 citations
6. 06*

   Unveiling the Structure of Hidden-Bottom Strange Pentaquarks via Magnetic Moments

   Halil Mutuk🇹🇷 · Xian-Wei Kang🇨🇳

   Motivated by the discovery of hidden-charm strange pentaquarks, we conduct a systematic study of the magnetic moments of the hidden-bottom strange pentaquarks in molecular picture. We calculate magnetic moments of hidden-bottom strange pentaquarks with strangeness-1 and 2. Magnetic moment gives valuable information about the inner structure and shape of the hadron. The obtained results may be helpful to determine the inner structure of these new yet hypothetical states.

   ↳ hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-ex+1PLB(2024)·19 citations
7. 07*

   Shell structure and shape transition in odd-$Z$ superheavy nuclei with proton numbers $Z=117,119$: insights from deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov in continuum

   Y. X. Zhang🇨🇳 · B. R. Liu · K. Y. Zhang🇨🇳 · J. M. Yao🇨🇳

   We present a systematic study on the structural properties of odd-$Z$ superheavy nuclei with proton numbers $Z=117,119$, and neutron numbers $N$ increasing from $N=170$ to the neutron dripline within the framework of axially deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc). The results are compared with those of even-even superheavy nuclei with proton numbers $Z=118$ and $120$. We analyze various bulk properties of their ground states, including binding energies, quadrupole deformations, root-mean-square radii, nucleon separation energies, and $\alpha$-decay energies. The coexistence of competing prolate and oblate or spherical shapes leads to abrupt changes in both quadrupole deformations and charge radii as functions of neutron numbers. Compared to even-even nuclei, the odd-mass ones exhibit a more complicated transition picture, in which the quantum numbers of $K^{\pi }$ of the lowest-energy configuration may change with deformation. This may result in the change of angular momentum in the ground-state to ground-state $\alpha$-decay and thus quench the decay rate in odd-mass nuclei. Moreover, our results demonstrate a pronounced proton shell gap at $Z=120$, instead of $Z=114$, which is consistent with the predictions of most covariant density functional theories. Moreover, large neutron shell gaps are found at $N=172$ and $N=258$ in the four isotopic chains, as well as at $N=184$ in the light two isotopic chains with $Z=117$ and $Z=118$, attributed to the nearly-degenerate $3d$ and $4p$ spin-orbit doublet states due to the presence of bubble structure.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-exPRC(2024)·13 citations
8. 08*

   Measurement of the ${}^{14}$C spectrum with Silicon Drift Detectors: towards the study of forbidden $\beta$ transitions

   Andrea Nava🇮🇹 · Leonardo Bernardini🇮🇹 · Matteo Biassoni🇮🇹 · Tommaso Bradanini🇮🇹 · Chiara Brofferio🇮🇹 · Marco Carminati🇮🇹 · Giovanni De Gregorio🇮🇹 · Carlo Fiorini🇮🇹 · Giulio Gagliardi🇮🇹 · Peter Lechner🇩🇪 · Riccardo Mancino🇨🇿

   The ASPECT-BET (An sdd-SPECTrometer for BETa decay studies) project aims to develop a novel technique for the precise measurement of forbidden $\beta$ spectra in the 10 keV - 1 MeV range. This technique uses a Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) as the main spectrometer, surrounded, if necessary, by a veto system to reject events with only partial energy deposition in the SDD. Accurate knowledge of the spectrometer's response to electrons is essential to reconstruct the theoretical shape of the $\beta$ spectrum. To compute this response, GEANT4 simulations optimized for low-energy electron interactions are used. In this article, we present the performance of these simulations in reconstructing the electron spectra, measured with SDDs, of a ${}^{109}$Cd monochromatic source, both in vacuum and in air. The allowed $\beta$ spectrum of a ${}^{14}$C source is also measured and analyzed, and it is shown that the experimental shape factor commonly used in the literature to reconstruct the measured spectrum is not necessary to explain the spectrum.

   ↳ physics.ins-detnucl-exnucl-thSensors(2024)·1 citation
9. 09*

   The 25th anniversary for nuclear chirality

   J. Meng🇨🇳 · Y. P. Wang

   The brief history for the prediction of the nuclear chirality is provided. The theoretical and experimental investigations of the nuclear chirality are reviewed, including the verification of chiral doublet bands, the chiral conundrum and its resolution, and the prediction and observation of the multiple chiral doublets (M$\chi$D). Some recent theoretical progresses are highlighted, including the chiral collective Hamiltonian, the A-plot and the K-plot, the nuclear chirality-parity (ChP) violation, the chiral rotation induced by the pairing correlations, as well as the chiral dynamics. The possibly emerging area, challenges that lie ahead, and opportunities for progress in the context of the nuclear chirality are discussed.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-ex1 citation
10. 10*

    A study of nuclear structure of light nuclei at the Electron-Ion Collider

    Niseem Magdy🇺🇸 · Mariam Hegazy🇪🇬 · Aliaa Rafaat🇪🇬 · Wenliang Li🇺🇸 · Abhay Deshpande · A. M. H. Abdelhady🇪🇬 · A. Y. Ellithi🇪🇬 · Roy A. Lacey🇺🇸 · Zhoudunming Tu🇺🇸

    Understanding the substructure of atomic nuclei, particularly the clustering of nucleons inside them, is essential for comprehending nuclear dynamics. Various cluster configurations can emerge depending on excitation energy, the number and types of core clusters, and the presence of excess neutrons. Despite the prevalence of tightly bound cluster formations in low-lying states, understanding the correlation between clusters and their formation mechanisms remains incomplete. This exploring study investigates nuclear clustering at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) using simulations based on the modified BeAGLE model. By simulating collisions involving $e$+${}^9$Be, $e$+${}^{12}$C, and $e$+${}^{16}$O nuclei, we find that the average energy of particles $⟨E⟩$ and the system size ratios of particles at forward rapidity exhibit sensitivity to alpha clustering and its various configurations. These findings offer valuable insights into the dynamics of nuclear clustering and its implications for future studies at the EIC.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exEPJA(2024)·14 citations
11. 11*

    Design of a SiPM-on-Tile ZDC for the future EIC and its Performance with Graph Neural Networks

    Ryan Milton🇺🇸 · Sebouh J. Paul🇺🇸 · Barak Schmookler🇺🇸 · Miguel Arratia🇺🇸 · Piyush Karande🇺🇸 · Aaron Angerami🇺🇸 · Fernando Torales Acosta🇺🇸 · Benjamin Nachman🇺🇸

    We present a design for a high-granularity zero-degree calorimeter (ZDC) for the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The design uses SiPM-on-tile technology and features a novel staggered-layer arrangement that improves spatial resolution. To fully leverage the design's high granularity and non-trivial geometry, we employ graph neural networks (GNNs) for energy and angle regression as well as signal classification. The GNN-boosted performance metrics meet, and in some cases, significantly surpass the requirements set in the EIC Yellow Report, laying the groundwork for enhanced measurements that will facilitate a wide physics program. Our studies show that GNNs can significantly enhance the performance of high-granularity CALICE-style calorimeters by automating and optimizing the software compensation algorithms required for these systems. This improvement holds true even in the case of complicated geometries that pose challenges for image-based AI/ML methods.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exnucl-exNucl.Instrum.Meth.A(2025)·9 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.