Tue·Oct 11, 2022Tuesday·October 11, 2022

1. 01*

   Revealing the short-range structure of the "mirror nuclei" ${}^3$H and ${}^3$He

   S.Li🇺🇸 · R.Cruz-Torres🇺🇸 · N.Santiesteban🇺🇸 · Z.H.Ye🇨🇳 · D.Abrams🇺🇸 · S.Alsalmi🇺🇸 · D.Androic🇭🇷 · K.Aniol🇺🇸 · J.Arrington🇺🇸 · T.Averett🇺🇸 · C.Ayerbe Gayoso🇺🇸 · J.Bane🇺🇸 and 104 other authors

   When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough together to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly-energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure and mapping out the strength and isospin structure (neutron-proton vs proton-proton pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modeling a range of nuclear, particle, and astrophysics measurements. Hitherto measurements used two-nucleon knockout or ``triple-coincidence'' reactions to measure the relative contribution of np- and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurementsshow that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction (FSI) corrections. We report on the first measurement using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei ${}^3$H and ${}^3$He to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in the A=3 system. We obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitude more precise than previous experiments, and find a dramatic deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for ${}^3$He and ${}^3$H. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the N-N interaction.

   nucl-exhep-exnucl-thNature(2022)·42 citations
2. 02*

   Photonuclear reactions cross-sections at energies up to 100 MeV for different experimental setups

   O.S. Deiev🇺🇦 · I.S. Timchenko🇸🇰 · S.M. Olejnik🇺🇦 · S.M. Potin🇺🇦 · V.A. Kushnir🇺🇦 · V.V. Mytrochenko🇺🇦 · S.A. Perezhogin🇺🇦 · V.A. Bocharov🇺🇦 · B.I. Shramenko

   In experiments on the electron linac LUE-40 of RDC "Accelerator" NSC KIPT, the flux-averaged cross-sections $⟨\sigma (E_{\gamma \max }){⟩}_{\exp }$ of photonuclear reactions ${}^{100}\mathrm{Mo}(\gamma ,n{)}^{99}\mathrm{Mo}$, ${}^{27}\mathrm{Al}(\gamma ,x{)}^{24}\mathrm{Na}$, ${}^{93}\mathrm{Nb}(\gamma ,n{)}^{92m}\mathrm{Nb}$, ${}^{93}\mathrm{Nb}(\gamma ,3n{)}^{90}\mathrm{Nb}$, and ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}(\gamma ,n{)}^{180g}\mathrm{Ta}$ were measured using the $\gamma$-activation technique. The theoretical flux-average cross-sections $⟨\sigma (E_{\gamma \max }){⟩}_{\mathrm{th}}$ were computed using the partial cross-section $\sigma (E)$ values from the TALYS1.9-1.95 codes and bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux calculated using GEANT4.9.2. Two different experimental setups were used in the experiments: an aluminum electron absorber and a deflecting magnet to clean the bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux from electrons. A comparison of the flux-average cross-sections measured for two experimental setups was performed. The possibility of using the reactions ${}^{100}\mathrm{Mo}(\gamma ,n{)}^{99}\mathrm{Mo}$, ${}^{27}\mathrm{Al}(\gamma ,x{)}^{24}\mathrm{Na}$, ${}^{93}\mathrm{Nb}(\gamma ,n{)}^{92m}\mathrm{Nb}$, ${}^{93}\mathrm{Nb}(\gamma ,3n{)}^{90}\mathrm{Nb}$, and ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}(\gamma ,n{)}^{180g}\mathrm{Ta}$ as monitors of the bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-flux for the energy range 30-100 MeV was investigated.

   nucl-exProb.Atomic Sci.Technol.(2022)·2 citations
3. 03*

   $\psi$(2S) production and nuclear modification factor in nucleus--nucleus collisions with ALICE

   Biswarup Paul (for the ALICE Collaboration)🇮🇹

   Charmonium production is a probe sensitive to deconfinement in nucleus--nucleus collisions. The production of J/$\psi$ via regeneration within the QGP or at the phase boundary has been identified as an important ingredient for the description of the observed centrality and $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence at the LHC. $\psi$(2S) production relative to J/$\psi$ is one possible discriminator between the two different regeneration scenarios. At RHIC and at the LHC, there is so far no significant observation of the $\psi$(2S) in nucleus--nucleus collisions in central events at low transverse momentum, where regeneration is the dominating process. The combined Run 2 data set of ALICE allows to extract a significant $\psi$(2S) signal in such a kinematic region at forward rapidity in the dimuon decay channel. In this contribution, we present for the first time results on the $\psi$(2S)-to-J/$\psi$ double ratio and the $\psi$(2S) nuclear modification factor in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV, calculated with respect to a new pp reference with improved precision. Results are compared with model calculations.

   nucl-exhep-exPoS·1 citation
4. 04*

   Recent ALICE results on quarkonium production in nuclear collisions

   Biswarup Paul (for the ALICE Collaboration)🇮🇹

   Quarkonium production has long been regarded as a potential signature of deconfinement in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Recently, the production of J/$\psi$ via regeneration within the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) or at the phase boundary has been identified as an important ingredient for the interpretation of quarkonium production results from lead-lead collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Quarkonium polarization could also be used to investigate the properties of the hot and dense medium created at the LHC energies. In this contribution, the latest ALICE results on quarkonium will be presented and discussed. These include, among others, the nuclear modifications of (prompt and non-prompt) J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) production, and the J/$\psi$ polarisation, all measured with lead-lead collisions at the LHC. The results will be compared with available theoretical model calculations.

   nucl-exhep-exJ.Phys.Conf.Ser.(2023)·0 citations
5. 05*

   Quarkonium production in p-Pb collisions with ALICE

   Biswarup Paul (for the ALICE Collaboration)🇮🇹

   ALICE has measured quarkonium production in p-Pb collisions at backward ($-$4.46 $<$ $y_{\mathrm{cms}}$ $<$ $-$2.96), mid ($-$1.37 $<$ $y_{\mathrm{cms}}$ $<$ 0.43) and forward (2.03 $<$ $y_{\mathrm{cms}}$ $<$ 3.53) rapidity ($y$) regions down to zero transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$). The inclusive J/$\psi$ production has been studied at mid-$y$ in p-Pb interactions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV and at forward and backward $y$ in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV and 8.16 TeV. The comparison of the J/$\psi$ production to the one of the loosely bound $\psi$(2S) state is discussed, together with new results on the nuclear modification factors of the ${\rm Y}$(1S) and ${\rm Y}$(2S) states measured at forward and backward $y$. All the results will be compared to those obtained at lower energies and with available theoretical calculations.

   nucl-exNPA(2019)·1 citation
6. 06*

   Comprehensive investigation of fission yields by using spallation- and (p,2p)-induced fission reactions in inverse kinematics

   J. L. Rodríguez-Sánchez🇪🇸 · A. Graña-González🇪🇸 · J. Benlliure🇪🇸 · A. Chatillon🇫🇷 · G. García-Jiménez🇪🇸 · J. Taieb🇫🇷 · H. Alvarez-Pol🇪🇸 · L. Atar🇩🇪 · L. Audouin🇫🇷 · G. Authelet🇫🇷 · A. Besteiro🇪🇸 · G. Blanchon🇫🇷 and 57 other authors

   In the last decades, measurements of spallation, fragmentation and Coulex induced fission reactions in inverse kinematics have provided valuable data to accurately investigate the fission dynamics and nuclear structure at large deformations of a large variety of stable and non-stable heavy nuclei. To go a step further, we propose now to induce fission by the use of quasi-free (p,2p) scattering reactions in inverse kinematics, which allows us to reconstruct the excitation energy of the compound fissioning system by using the four-momenta of the two outgoing protons. Therefore, this new approach might permit to correlate the excitation energy with the charge and mass distributions of the fission fragments and with the fission probabilities, given for the first time direct access to the simultaneous measurement of the fission yield dependence on temperature and fission barrier heights of exotic heavy nuclei, respectively. The first experiment based on this methodology was realized recently at the GSI/FAIR facility and a detailed description of the experimental setup is given here.

   nucl-exEPJ Web Conf.(2023)·5 citations
7. 07*

   SIDIS-RC EvGen: a Monte-Carlo event generator of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering with the lowest-order QED radiative corrections

   Duane Byer🇺🇸 · Vladimir Khachatryan🇺🇸 · Haiyan Gao🇺🇸 · Igor Akushevich🇺🇸 · Alexander Ilyichev🇧🇾 · Chao Peng🇺🇸 · Alexei Prokudin🇺🇸 · Stan Srednyak🇺🇸 · Zhiwen Zhao🇺🇸

   SIDIS-RC EvGen is a C++ standalone Monte-Carlo event generator for studies of semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) processes at medium to high lepton beam energies. In particular, the generator contains binary and library components for generating SIDS events and calculating cross sections for unpolarized or longitudinally polarized beam and unpolarized, longitudinally or transversely polarized target. The structure of the generator incorporates transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution and fragmentation functions, whereby we obtain multi-dimensional binned simulation results, which will facilitate the extraction of important information about the three-dimensional nucleon structure from SIDIS measurements. In order to build this software, we have used recent elaborate QED calculations of the lowest-order radiative effects, applied to the leading order Born cross section in SIDIS. In this paper, we provide details on the theoretical formalism as well as the construction and operation of SIDIS-RC EvGen, e.g., how we handle the event generation process and perform multi-dimensional integration. We also provide example programs, flowcharts, and numerical results on azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries.

   ↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exphysics.comp-phComput.Phys.Commun.(2023)·7 citations
8. 08*

   Temperature Dependence of the Electron-Drift Anisotropy and Implications for the Electron-Drift Model

   Iris Abt🇩🇪 · Chris Gooch · Felix Hagemann🇩🇪 · Lukas Hauertmann · David Hervas Aguilar🇺🇸 · Xiang Liu · Oliver Schulz🇩🇪 · Martin Schuster · Anna Julia Zsigmond🇩🇪

   The electron drift in germanium detectors is modeled making many assumptions. Confronted with data, these assumptions have to be revisited. The temperature dependence of the drift of electrons was studied in detail for an n-type segmented point-contact germanium detector. The detector was mounted in a temperature controlled, electrically cooled cryostat. Surface events were induced with collimated 81 keV photons from a ${}^{133}$Ba source. A detailed analysis of the rise time of pulses collected in surface scans, performed at different temperatures, is presented. The longitudinal anisotropy of the electron drift decreases with rising temperature. A new approach, making use of designated rise-time windows determined by simulations using SolidStateDetectors$.$jl, was used to isolate the longitudinal drift of electrons along different axes to quantify this observation. The measured temperature dependence of the longitudinal drift velocities combined with the standard electron drift model as widely used in relevant simulation packages results in unphysical predictions. A first suggestion to modify the electron-drift model is motivated and described. The results of a first implementation of the modified model in SolidStateDetectors$.$jl are shown. They describe the data reasonably well. A general review of the model and the standard input values for mobilities is suggested.

   ↳ physics.ins-detnucl-exJINST(2023)·1 citation
9. 09*

   Physical Implications of the Extrapolation and Statistical Bootstrap of the Nucleon Structure Function Ratio $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ for Mirror Nuclei ${}^3$He and ${}^3$H

   Hannah Valenty🇺🇸 · Jennifer Rittenhouse West🇺🇸 · Fatiha Benmokhtar🇺🇸 · Douglas W. Higinbotham🇺🇸 · Asia Parker🇺🇸 · Erin Seroka🇺🇸

   A nuclear physics example of statistical bootstrap is used on the MARATHON data nucleon structure function ratio, $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$, in the quark momentum fraction $x_B\to 0$ and $x_B\to 1$ regions. The extrapolated $F_2$ ratio value as quark momentum fraction $x_B\to 1$ approaches 0.4 and this value is compared to theoretical predictions. The extrapolated ratio when $x_B\to 0$ favors the simple model of isospin symmetry with the complete dominance of seaquarks at low momentum fraction. At high-$x_B$, the proton quark distribution function ratio $d/u$ is derived from the $x\to 1$ ratio $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}\to 0.4$ and found to be $d/u\to 1/6$. Our extrapolated values for both the $\frac{F_2^n}{F_2^p}$ ratio and the $d/u$ parton distribution function ratio most closely match perturbative QCD values from quark counting and helicity conservation arguments but still differ by roughly $7\%$. The mismatch to theoretical predictions may be ameliorated if two compatible models act simultaneously in the nucleon wavefunction. One such example is nucleon wavefunctions composed of a linear combination of a quark-diquark state and a 3-valence quark correlated state with coefficients that combine to give the extrapolated $F_2$ ratio of $0.4$.

   ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exPRC(2023)·2 citations
10. 10*

    Multiplicity dependence of charged-particle jet production in pp collisions at 13 TeV with ALICE

    Debjani Banerjee (for the ALICE Collaboration)🇮🇳

    Measurements of jet production and jet properties in pp collisions provide a test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) and form a baseline for similar measurements in heavy ion (A--A) collisions. In this contribution, we report recent ALICE measurements of charged-particle jet production and intra-jet properties, including mean charged-constituent multiplicity and fragmentation distribution for leading jets, in minimum bias pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$TeV. In addition, the event multiplicity dependence of jet production and jet properties in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$TeV will be presented. Results will be compared with theoretical model predictions.

    ↳ hep-exnucl-exSciPost Phys.Proc.(2024)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Charmonium production in pp collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

    Biswarup Paul🇮🇳 · Mahatsab Mandal🇮🇳 · Pradip Roy🇮🇳 · Sukalyan Chattapadhyay🇮🇳

    We have performed a systematic study of J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) production in p--p collisions at different Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies and at different rapidities using the leading order non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics model of heavy quarkonium production. We have included the contributions from hiher excited states decaying to J$\psi$ . The calculated values have been compared with the available data from the four experiments at LHC, namely ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. In the case of ALICE, inclusive J/$\psi$ and $\psi$(2S) cross-sections have been calculated by including the feed-down from B mesons using a fixed-order next-to-leading logarithm formalism. It is found that all the experimental cross-sections are well described for $p_{\mathrm{T}}>$ 3 GeV within the theoretical uncertainties arising due to the choices of the factorization and renormalization scales.

    ↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exDAE Symp.Nucl.Phys.(2014)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Supernova Neutrinos as a Precise Probe of Nuclear Neutron Skin

    Xu-Run Huang🇨🇳 · Lie-Wen Chen🇨🇳

    A precise and model-independent determination of the neutron distribution radius $R_{\mathrm{n}}$ and thus the neutron skin thickness $R_{\mathrm{skin}}$ of atomic nuclei is of fundamental importance in nuclear physics, particle physics and astrophysics but remains a big challenge in terrestrial labs. We argue that the nearby core-collapse supernova (CCSN) in our Galaxy may render a neutrino flux with unprecedentedly high luminosity, offering perfect opportunity to determine the $R_{\mathrm{n}}$ and $R_{\mathrm{skin}}$ through the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$\nu$NS). We evaluate the potential of determining the $R_{\mathrm{n}}$ of lead (Pb) via CE$\nu$NS with the nearby CCSN neutrinos in the RES-NOVA project which is designed to hunt CCSN neutrinos using an array of archaeological Pb based cryogenic detectors. We find that an ultimate precision of $\sim 0.1\%$ for the $R_{\mathrm{n}}$ ($\sim 0.006$ fm for the $R_{\mathrm{skin}}$) of Pb can be achieved via RES-NOVA in the most optimistic case that the CCSN explosion were to occur at a distance of $\sim 1$ kpc from the Earth.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phnucl-exPRD(2022)·9 citations
13. 13*

    Range margin reduction in carbon ion therapy: potential benefits of using radioactive ion beams

    Olga Sokol · Laura Cella · Daria Boscolo · Felix Horst🇩🇪 · Caterina Oliviero · Roberto Pacelli · Giuseppe Palma · Micol De Simoni · Manuel Conson · Mara Caroprese · Ulrich Weber🇩🇪 · Christian Graeff · Katia Parodi · Marco Durante

    Radiotherapy with heavy ions, in particular, 12C beams, is one of the most advanced forms of cancer treatment. Sharp dose gradients and high biological effectiveness in the target region make them an ideal tool to treat deep-seated and radioresistant tumors, however, at the same time, sensitive to small errors in the range prediction. Safety margins are added to the tumor volume to mitigate these uncertainties and ensure its uniform coverage, but during the irradiation they lead to unavoidable damage to the surrounding healthy tissue. To fully exploit the benefits of a sharp Bragg peak, a large effort is put into establishing precise range verification methods for the so-called image-guided radiotherapy. Despite positron emission tomography being widely in use for this purpose in 12C ion therapy, the low count rates, biological washout, and broad shape of the activity distribution still limit its precision to a few millimeters. Instead, radioactive beams used directly for treatment would yield an improved signal and a closer match with the dose fall-off, potentially enabling precise in vivo beam range monitoring. We have performed a treatment planning study to estimate the possible impact of the reduced range uncertainties, enabled by radioactive 11C beams treatments, on sparing critical organs in the tumor proximity. We demonstrate that (i) annihilation maps for 11C ions can in principle reflect even millimeter shifts in dose distributions in the patient, (ii) outcomes of treatment planning with 11C beams are significantly improved in terms of meeting the constraints for the organs at risk compared to 12C plans, and (iii) less severe toxicities for serial and parallel critical organs can be expected following 11C treatment with reduced range uncertainties, compared to 12C treatments.

    ↳ physics.med-phnucl-ex2 citations
14. 14*

    Dilepton Decay of Low-mass $\rho$ Mesons

    K. Gallmeister🇩🇪 · U. Mosel🇩🇪 · L. von Smekal🇩🇪

    The HADES collaboration has extracted dilepton mass spectra for ${\pi }^{-}$ induced reactions on the proton from a comparison of data taken on C and CH${}_2$ targets. The spectra were interpreted in terms of different versions of vector meson dominance. Here we present results obtained from the theory and generator GiBUU. We first check the subtraction procedure used and then discuss the obtained mass spectra for the proton target. We point out that any conclusions on the version of VMD requires the knowledge of the $\rho$ spectral function in the interesting mass region.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-exnucl-exPRC(2022)·4 citations
15. 15*

    Forward silicon tracking detector developments for the future Electron-Ion Collider

    Xuan Li🇺🇸 · Melynda Brooks🇺🇸 · Matt Durham🇺🇸 · Ming Liu🇺🇸 · Yasser Corrales Morales🇺🇸 · Kei Nagai🇺🇸 · Anton Navazo🇺🇸 · Christopher Prokop🇺🇸 · Eric Renner🇺🇸 · Walter Sondheim🇺🇸 · Cesar da Silva🇺🇸

    The future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will utilize a series of high-luminosity high-energy electron+proton ($e+p$) and electron+nucleus ($e+A$) collisions to explore the inner structure of nucleon and nucleus and the matter formation process. Heavy flavor hadron and jet measurements at the EIC will play an essential role in determining the nucleon/nucleus parton distribution function and heavy quark hadronization process in not well constrained kinematic regions. A high granularity and low material budget forward silicon tracker will enable precise forward heavy flavor measurements at the EIC, which have enhanced sensitivities to access these kinematic extremes. A Forward Silicon Tracker (FST) detector is under design and R$\&$D for the EIC. Two advanced silicon technologies, the Depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (DMAPS) and the AC coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diode (AC-LGAD), which can provide fine spatial and timing resolutions, have been considered as candidates for the EIC silicon tracking detector. Progresses and results about the FST conceptual design and ongoing DMAPS and LGAD detector R$\&$D will be presented. The path towards an integrated EIC detector will be discussed as well.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exnucl-exPoS(2022)·0 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.