Wed·Apr 28, 2021Wednesday·April 28, 2021

1. 01*

   Spectroscopy of states in ${}^{136}\mathrm{Ba}$ using the ${}^{138}\mathrm{Ba}(\mathrm{p},\mathrm{t})$ reaction

   B. M. Rebeiro · S. Triambak · P. E. Garrett · G. C. Ball · R. Lindsay · P. Adsley · V. Bildstein · C. Burbadge · A. Diaz-Varela · T. Faestermann · R. Hertenberger · B. Jigmeddorj and 7 other authors

   Background: The ${}^{136}$Ba isotope is the daughter nucleus in ${}^{136}$Xe $\beta \beta$ decay. It also lies in a shape transitional region of the nuclear chart, making it a suitable candidate to test a variety of nuclear models. Purpose: To obtain spectroscopic information on states in ${}^{136}$Ba, which will allow a better understanding of its low-lying structure. These data may prove useful to constrain future ${}^{136}$Xe $\to$ ${}^{136}$Ba neutrinoless $\beta \beta$ decay matrix element calculations. Methods: A ${}^{138}\mathrm{Ba}(p,t)$ reaction was used to populate states in ${}^{136}$Ba up to approximately 4.6 MeV in excitation energy. The tritons were detected using a high-resolution Q3D magnetic spectrograph. A distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) analysis was performed for the measured triton angular distributions. Results: One hundred and two excited states in ${}^{136}$Ba were observed, out of which fifty two are reported for the first time. Definite spin-parity assignments are made for twenty six newly observed states, while previously ambiguous assignments for twelve other states are resolved.

   nucl-exPRC(2021)·6 citations
2. 02*

   Isospin effect on quark matter instabilities

   Lu-Meng Liu🇨🇳 · Wen-Hao Zhou🇨🇳 · Jun Xu🇨🇳 · Guang-Xiong Peng🇨🇳

   We have studied the mechanical and chemical instabilities as well as the liquid-gas-like phase transition in isospin asymmetric quark matter based on the NJL and the pNJL model. Areas of the mechanical instability region and the liquid-gas coexistence region are seen to be enlarged with a larger quark matter symmetry energy or in the presence of strange quarks. Our study shows that the light cluster yield ratio observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions may not be affected much by the uncertainties of the isospin effect, and favors a smooth hadron-quark phase transition in compact stars as well as their mergers.

   ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEnucl-exPLB(2021)·8 citations
3. 03*

   Constraining isovector nuclear interactions with giant dipole resonance and neutron skin in ${}^{208}$Pb from a Bayesian approach

   Jun Xu🇨🇳

   The remaining uncertainties of isovector nuclear interactions call for reliable experimental measurements of isovector probes in finite nuclei. Based on the Bayesian analysis, although the neutron-skin thickness data or the isovector giant dipole resonance data in ${}^{208}$Pb can constrain only one isovector interaction parameter, correlations between other parameters are built. Using combined data of both the neutron-skin thickness and the isovector giant dipole resonance helps to constrain significantly all isovector interaction parameters, thus serves as a useful way in the future analysis.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-exChin.Phys.Lett.(2021)·19 citations
4. 04*

   Possible existence of bound nuclei beyond neutron drip lines driven by deformation

   Xiao-Tao He🇨🇳 · Chen Wang🇨🇳 · Kai-Yuan Zhang🇨🇳 · Cai-Wan Shen🇨🇳

   Based on the relativistic calculations of the nuclear masses in the transfermium region from No $(Z=102)$ to Ds $(Z=110)$ by the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum, the possible existence of the bound nuclei beyond the neutron drip lines is studied. The two-neutron and multi-neutron emission bound nuclei beyond the primary neutron drip line of $N=258$ are predicted in $Z=106,108$ and $110$ isotopes. Detailed microscopic mechanism investigation reveals that nuclear deformation plays a vital role in the existence of the bound nuclei beyond the drip line. Furthermore, not only the quadrupole deformation ${\beta }_2$, but also the higher orders of deformation are indispensible in the reliable description of the phenomenon of the reentrant binding.

   ↳ nucl-thnucl-exCPC(2021)·37 citations
5. 05*

   Could 18O-enriched water increase signal for PET proton range verification? A study using a chicken embryo model

   Samuel España🇪🇸 · Daniel Sánchez-Parcerisa🇪🇸 · Paloma Bragado🇪🇸 · Alvaro Gutierrez-Uzquiza🇪🇸 · Almudena Porras🇪🇸 · Carolina Gutiérrez-Neira🇪🇸 · Andrea Espinosa🇪🇸 · Víctor Valladolid Onecha🇪🇸 · Paula Ibáñez🇪🇸 · Víctor Sánchez-Tembleque🇪🇸 · José Manuel Udías🇪🇸 · Luis Mario Fraile🇪🇸

   Range verification of clinical protontherapy systems via positron-emission tomography (PET) still suffers from insufficient signal from low-energy protons around the Bragg peak and biological washout of PET emitters. Here we investigate the possibilities of O-18-enriched water (18-W), a potential contrast agent that could be incorporated in live tissues by replacing regular water, leading to the production of the F-18 PET emitters in the last millimeters of the proton path. We hypothesize that 18-W could also mitigate the problem of washout, as PET (F-18) isotopes created inside live cells would remain trapped in the form of fluoride anions. To test our hypothesis, we designed an experiment to prove that 18-W can incorporate enough O-18 into a living organism to produce a detectable signal from F-18 after proton irradiation, and to determine the amount of activity that remains trapped inside the cells. The experiment was performed on a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane tumor model of head and neck cancer. Seven eggs with visible tumors were infused with 18-W and irradiated with 8-MeV protons, equivalent to clinical protons at the end of particle range. The activity produced after irradiation was detected and quantified in a small-animal PET-CT scanner. The specific F-18 activity was detected in the tumor area of the alive chicken embryo up to 9 h after irradiation. Dynamic PET studies evidenced a minimal effect of biological washout, with 68% retained specific 18F activity at 8 hours after irradiation. Therefore, an infusion of 18-W can incorporate O-18 in animal tissues by replacing regular water inside cells, producing a PET signal when irradiated with low-energy protons that could be used for range verification in protontherapy. F-18 produced inside cells suffers from minimal biological washout, allowing for a sharper localization with longer PET acquisitions.

   ↳ physics.med-phnucl-exphysics.bio-ph0 citations
6. 06*

   Dynamical exploring the QCD matter at finite temperatures and densities-a short review

   Shanjin Wu🇨🇳 · Chun Shen🇺🇸 · Huichao Song🇨🇳

   We provide a concise review on recent theory advancements towards full-fledged (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly-coupled matter and probe the QCD phase transition at the crossover, critical point, and first-order phase transition regions. Dynamical frameworks provide a quantitative tool to extract properties of hot QCD matter and map fireballs to the QCD phase diagram. Outstanding challenges are highlighted when confronting current theoretical frameworks with current and forthcoming experimental measurements from the RHIC beam energy scan programs.

   ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-exChin.Phys.Lett.(2021)·36 citations
7. 07*

   Renormalization and Mixing of Staple-Shaped Wilson Line Operators on the Lattice Revisited

   Yao Ji🇩🇪 · Jian-Hui Zhang🇨🇳 · Shuai Zhao🇺🇸 · Ruilin Zhu🇨🇳

   Transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions and wave functions (TMDPDFs/TMDWFs) can be extracted from lattice calculations of appropriate Euclidean matrix elements of staple-shaped Wilson line operators. We investigate the mixing pattern of such operators under lattice renormalization using symmetry considerations. We perform an analysis for operators with all Dirac structures, which reveals mixings that are not present in one-loop lattice perturbation theory calculations. We also present the relevant one-loop matching in a renormalization scheme that does not introduce extra non-perturbative effects at large distances, both for the TMDPDFs and for the TMDWFs. Our results have the potential to greatly facilitate numerical calculations of TMDPDFs and TMDWFs on the lattice.

   ↳ hep-phhep-latnucl-exnucl-thPRD(2021)·27 citations
8. 08*

   Projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to the two-neutrino and neutrinoless double beta decays of ${}^{134}$Xe

   The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Collaboration: D. S. Akerib🇺🇸 · A. K. Al Musalhi🇬🇧 · S. K. Alsum🇺🇸 · C. S. Amarasinghe🇺🇸 · A. Ames🇺🇸 · T. J. Anderson🇺🇸 · N. Angelides🇬🇧 · H. M. Araujo🇬🇧 · J. E. Armstrong🇺🇸 · M. Arthurs🇺🇸 · X. Bai🇺🇸 · J. Balajthy🇺🇸 and 182 other authors

   The projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to two-neutrino and neutrinoless double beta decay of ${}^{134}$Xe is presented. LZ is a 10-tonne xenon time projection chamber optimized for the detection of dark matter particles, that is expected to start operating in 2021 at Sanford Underground Research Facility, USA. Its large mass of natural xenon provides an exceptional opportunity to search for the double beta decay of ${}^{134}$Xe, for which xenon detectors enriched in ${}^{136}$Xe are less effective. For the two-neutrino decay mode, LZ is predicted to exclude values of the half-life up to 1.7$\times$10${}^{24}$ years at 90% confidence level (CL), and has a three-sigma observation potential of 8.7$\times$10${}^{23}$ years, approaching the predictions of nuclear models. For the neutrinoless decay mode LZ, is projected to exclude values of the half-life up to 7.3$\times$10${}^{24}$ years at 90% CL.

   ↳ physics.ins-detnucl-exPRC(2021)·22 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.