Thu·Apr 15, 2021Thursday·April 15, 2021

1. 01*

   Search for Majorana neutrinos exploiting millikelvin cryogenics with CUORE

   (CUORE Collaboration) D. Q. Adams🇺🇸 · C. Alduino🇺🇸 · K. Alfonso🇺🇸 · F. T. Avignone III🇺🇸 · O. Azzolini🇮🇹 · G. Bari🇮🇹 · F. Bellini🇮🇹 · G. Benato🇮🇹 · M. Beretta🇺🇸 · M. Biassoni🇮🇹 · A. Branca🇮🇹 · C. Brofferio🇮🇹 and 102 other authors

   The possibility that neutrinos may be their own antiparticles, unique among the known fundamental particles, arises from the symmetric theory of fermions proposed by Ettore Majorana in 1937. Given the profound consequences of such Majorana neutrinos, among which is a potential explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis, the Majorana nature of neutrinos commands intense experimental scrutiny globally; one of the primary experimental probes is neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu \beta \beta$) decay. Here we show results from the search for $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay of ${}^{130}$Te, using the latest advanced cryogenic calorimeters with the CUORE experiment. CUORE, operating just 10 millikelvin above absolute zero, has pushed the state of the art on three frontiers: the sheer mass held at such ultra-low temperatures, operational longevity, and the low levels of ionising radiation emanating from the cryogenic infrastructure. We find no evidence for $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay and set a lower bound of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu }>2.2\times 10^{25}$ years at a 90% credibility interval. We discuss potential applications of the advances made with CUORE to other fields such as direct dark matter, neutrino and nuclear physics searches and large-scale quantum computing, which can benefit from sustained operation of large payloads in a low-radioactivity, ultra-low temperature cryogenic environment.

   nucl-exNature(2022)·261 citations
2. 02*

   Measurement of the ${}^2$H($p,\gamma$)${}^3$He S-factor at 265-1094keV

   S. Turkat🇩🇪 · S. Hammer🇩🇪 · E. Masha🇮🇹 · S. Akhmadaliev🇩🇪 · D. Bemmerer🇩🇪 · M. Grieger🇩🇪 · T. Hensel🇩🇪 · J. Julin🇩🇪 · M. Koppitz🇩🇪 · F. Ludwig🇩🇪 · C. Möckel🇩🇪 · S. Reinicke🇩🇪 and 5 other authors

   Recent astronomical data have provided the primordial deuterium abundance with percent precision. As a result, Big Bang nucleosynthesis may provide a constraint on the universal baryon to photon ratio that is as precise as, but independent from, analyses of the cosmic microwave background. However, such a constraint requires that the nuclear reaction rates governing the production and destruction of primordial deuterium are sufficiently well known. Here, a new measurement of the ${}^2$H($p,\gamma$)${}^3$He cross section is reported. This nuclear reaction dominates the error on the predicted Big Bang deuterium abundance. A proton beam of 400-1650keV beam energy was incident on solid titanium deuteride targets, and the emitted $\gamma$-rays were detected in two high-purity germanium detectors at angles of 55${}^{\circ }$ and 90${}^{\circ }$, respectively. The deuterium content of the targets has been obtained in situ by the ${}^2$H(${}^3$He,$p$)${}^4$He reaction and offline using the Elastic Recoil Detection method. The astrophysical S-factor has been determined at center of mass energies between 265 and 1094 keV, addressing the uppermost part of the relevant energy range for Big Bang nucleosynthesis and complementary to ongoing work at lower energies. The new data support a higher S-factor at Big Bang temperatures than previously assumed, reducing the predicted deuterium abundance.

   nucl-exastro-ph.COPRC(2021)·14 citations
3. 03*

   Fluctuations and correlations of net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in a background magnetic field

   H.-T. Ding🇨🇳 · S.-T. Li🇨🇳 · Q. Shi🇨🇳 · X.-D. Wang🇨🇳

   We present results on the second-order fluctuations of and correlations among net baryon number, electric charge and strangeness in (2+1)-flavor lattice QCD in the presence of a background magnetic field. Simulations are performed using the tree-level improved gauge action and the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action with a fixed scale approach ($a\simeq$ 0.117 fm). The light quark mass is set to be 1/10 of the physical strange quark mass and the corresponding pion mass is about 220 MeV at vanishing magnetic field. Simulations are performed on $32^3\times N_{\tau }$ lattices with 9 values of $N_{\tau }$ varying from 96 to 6 corresponding to temperatures ranging from zero up to 281 MeV. The magnetic field strength $eB$ is simulated with 15 different values up to $\sim$2.5 GeV${}^2$ at each nonzero temperature. We find that quadratic fluctuations and correlations do not show any singular behavior at zero temperature in the current window of $eB$ while they develop peaked structures at nonzero temperatures as $eB$ grows. By comparing the electric charge-related fluctuations and correlations with hadron resonance gas model calculations and ideal gas limits we find that the changes in degrees of freedom start at lower temperatures in stronger magnetic fields. Significant effects induced by magnetic fields on the isospin symmetry and ratios of net baryon number and baryon-strangeness correlation to strangeness fluctuation are observed, which could be useful for probing the existence of a magnetic field in heavy-ion collision experiments.

   ↳ hep-lathep-phhep-thnucl-ex+1EPJA(2021)·56 citations
4. 04*

   Final results of CALDER: Kinetic inductance light detectors to search for rare events

   Laura Cardani🇮🇹 · Nicola Casali🇮🇹 · Ivan Colantoni🇮🇹 · Angelo Cruciani🇮🇹 · Sergio Di Domizio🇮🇹 · Maria Martinez🇪🇸 · Valerio Pettinacci🇮🇹 · Giorgio Pettinari🇮🇹 · Marco Vignati🇮🇹

   The next generation of bolometric experiments searching for rave events, in particular for the neutrino-less double beta decay, needs fast, high-sensitivity and easy-to-scale cryogenic light detectors. The CALDER project (2014-2020) developed a new technology for light detection at cryogenic temperature. In this paper we describe the achievements and the final prototype of this project, consisting of a $5\times 5$ cm${}^2$, 650 $\mu$m thick silicon substrate coupled to a single kinetic inductance detector made of a three-layer aluminum-titanium-aluminum. The baseline energy resolution is 34$\pm$1(stat)$\pm$2(syst) eV RMS and the response time is 120 $\mu$s. These features, along with the natural multiplexing capability of kinetic inductance detectors, meet the requirements of future large-scale experiments.

   ↳ physics.ins-dethep-exnucl-exEPJC(2021)·28 citations
5. 05*

   Latin American HECAP Physics Briefing Book

   H. Aihara🇯🇵 · A. Aranda🇲🇽 · R. Camacho Toro🇫🇷 · M. Cambiaso🇨🇱 · M. Carena🇺🇸 · E. Carrera🇪🇨 · J. C. D'Olivo🇲🇽 · A. Gago🇵🇪 · T. Goncalves🇺🇸 · G. Herrera🇲🇽 · D. Lopez Nacir🇦🇷 · M. Losada🇦🇪 and 11 other authors

   For the first time the scientific community in Latin America working at the forefront of research in high energy, cosmology and astroparticle physics (HECAP) have come together to discuss and provide scientific input towards the development of a regional strategy. The present document, the Latin American HECAP Physics Briefing Book, is the result of this ambitious bottom-up effort. This report contains the work performed by the Preparatory Group to synthesize the main contributions and discussions for each of the topical working groups. This briefing book discusses the relevant emerging projects developing in the region and considers potentially impactful future initiatives and participation of the Latin American HECAP community in international flagship projects to provide the essential input for the creation of a long-term HECAP strategy in the region.

   ↳ hep-exastro-ph.IMhep-phnucl-ex2 citations
6. 06*

   Isovector EMC effect from global QCD analysis with MARATHON data

   C. Cocuzza🇺🇸 · C. E. Keppel🇺🇸 · H. Liu🇺🇸 · W. Melnitchouk🇺🇸 · A. Metz🇺🇸 · N. Sato🇺🇸 · A. W. Thomas🇦🇺

   We report the results of a Monte Carlo global QCD analysis of unpolarized parton distribution functions (PDFs), including for the first time constraints from ratios of ${}^3$He to ${}^3$H structure functions recently obtained by the MARATHON experiment at Jefferson Lab. Our simultaneous analysis of nucleon PDFs and nuclear effects in $A=2$ and $A=3$ nuclei reveals the first indication for an isovector nuclear EMC effect in light nuclei. We find that while the MARATHON data yield relatively weak constraints on the $F_2^n/F_2^p$ neutron to proton structure function ratio and on the $d/u$ PDF ratio, they suggest an enhanced nuclear effect on the $d$-quark PDF in the bound proton, questioning the assumptions commonly made in nuclear PDF analyses.

   ↳ hep-phhep-exnucl-exnucl-thPRL(2021)·56 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.