Mon·Apr 20, 2026Monday·April 20, 2026

1. 01*

   Universal Description of Decoherence in Scale-Invariant Environments

   Carlos Argüelles🇺🇸 · Gabriela Barenboim🇪🇸 · Gonzalo Herrera🇺🇸 · Tanvi Krishnan🇺🇸 · Héctor Sanchis🇪🇸

   When a quantum system couples to a scale-invariant environment, what form must its decoherence take? We prove that the answer is unique: under locality, Lorentz invariance, unitarity, and continuous scale invariance, the effect of any such environment is mathematically equivalent to that of an \emph{unparticle bath} -- a scale-invariant continuum of states -- characterized entirely by the scaling dimension $d_{\mathcal{U}}$ of the coupled operator. This is not a modelling choice but a consequence of conformal symmetry. All decoherence and dissipation exponents are fixed by $d_{\mathcal{U}}$ through exact consistency relations, providing falsifiable predictions independent of microscopic details. We validate the framework using multi-channel transport data from the unitary Fermi gas, where two genuinely independent observables yield a consistent $d_{\mathcal{U}}=7/4$. We further show that quantum Ising criticality, inflationary cosmology, and high-energy astrophysical neutrinos -- spanning more than 25 orders of magnitude in energy -- are unified as specific realizations of the same structure. A decoherence phase transition at $d_{\mathcal{U}}=5/2$, where quantum coherence is \emph{protected} rather thandestroyed at long times, is a qualitative prediction inaccessible to any memoryless dynamical description.

   hep-phcond-mat.quant-gasquant-ph1 citation
2. 02*

   Lorentz and CPT violation and the hydrogen and antihydrogen molecular ions III -- rovibrational spectrum and the non-minimal SME

   Graham M Shore🇬🇧

   Rovibrational transitions in the hydrogen and antihydrogen molecular ions $H_2^{+}$ and ${\overline{H}}_2^{-}$ offer the possibility of testing Lorentz and CPT symmetry to extremely high precision, in principle attaining $O(10^{-17})$. In this paper, the third in a series, we give a comprehensive derivation of the rovibrational spectrum of $H_2^{+}$ and ${\overline{H}}_2^{-}$ in the SME, an effective quantum field theory incorporating Lorentz and CPT violation. New developments described here include a complete analysis of the molecular dynamics from first principles in terms of the spherical tensor representation of the SME couplings, the systematic extension of our previous results to the non-minimal SME, a full description of the quantum number dependence of the rovibrational energy levels in the spherical tensor formalism with both high and low background magnetic fields, and an extended discussion of sidereal and annual variations of transition frequencies arising from both rotations and Lorentz boosts. The resulting sensitivity of the rovibrational spectrum to an extended range of SME couplings, together with the ability to isolate their individual effects using the quantum number dependence of the transition frequencies, enhances the opportunities to detect Lorentz and CPT symmetry breaking through rovibrational spectroscopy of $H_2^{+}$ and ${\overline{H}}_2^{-}$.

   hep-phphysics.atom-ph0 citations
3. 03*

   Probing inelastic sub-GeV dark matter at the DUNE near detector

   Amalia Betancur🇨🇴 · Gustavo Castrillón🇨🇴 · Óscar Zapata🇨🇴

   We study inelastic dark matter (iDM) in a minimal and ultraviolet-complete framework in which the dark photon mass arises from a dark Higgs mechanism. The spontaneous breaking of a $U(1{)}_D$ symmetry splits the Dirac fermion into two Majorana states, thus opening new annihilation channels mediated by the dark Higgs. Focusing on sub-GeV dark matter, we assess the sensitivity of DUNE's liquid argon cube at the near detector (ND-LAr) to this scenario. We find that the ND-LAr can probe regions of parameter space consistent with the observed relic abundance due to these new annihilation channels, particularly for large dark photon-to-DM mass ratios where decay-based searches lose sensitivity. Our results highlight the complementarity between cosmological constraints and fixed-target experiments and demonstrate the potential of DUNE's ND-LAr to explore iDM scenarios with extended dark sectors.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Theoretical modeling of charged current ${\nu }_{\mu }({\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }){-}^{40}Ar$ DIS at DUNE energies

   F. Zaidi🇮🇳 · S. Akther · M. Sajjad Athar🇮🇳 · S.K. Singh🇮🇳

   The charged current ${\nu }_{\mu }({\bar{\nu }}_{\mu })$-induced deep inelastic scattering (DIS) from an ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ar}$ target is studied using a microscopic framework that incorporates nuclear medium effects due to Fermi motion, binding energy, nucleon correlations, mesonic ($\pi$ and $\rho$) contributions, and nuclear shadowing and antishadowing across the relevant Bjorken-$x$ region. The nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}(x,Q^2)$ $(i=1\text{-}3)$ are evaluated using a relativistic nucleon spectral function ($S_h$) within the local density approximation employing the free nucleon structure functions, $F_{iN}(x,Q^2)$ $(i=1\text{-}3)$. These $F_{iN}(x,Q^2)$ $(i=1\text{-}3)$ are calculated using parton distribution functions (PDFs) from MMHT 2014 parameterization, including higher-order perturbative QCD corrections up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO), along with nonperturbative target mass corrections (TMC). The resulting nuclear structure functions $F_{iA}(x,Q^2)$ $(i=1\text{-}3)$ are subsequently used to compute the differential DIS cross sections for ${}^{40}Ar$ nucleus. Numerical results are presented for ${\nu }_{\mu }({\bar{\nu }}_{\mu })$ beam energies $E=4$ GeV and $E=6$ GeV for the differential scattering cross sections $\frac{d^2\sigma }{dxdy}$ and $\frac{d\sigma }{dx}$, relevant to ongoing and upcoming liquid-argon neutrino experiments such as DUNE and the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2026)·0 citations
5. 05*

   Bayesian inference constraints on jet quenching across centrality, beam energy, and observable classes in LHC heavy-ion collisions

   Dongguk Kim🇰🇷 · Dongjo Kim🇰🇷 · Jeongsu Bok🇰🇷 · Beomkyu Kim🇰🇷

   Jet quenching in heavy-ion collisions probes parton energy loss in the quark--gluon plasma (QGP), but the extracted transport properties may not be universally constrained across centrality, beam energy, and observable class. In this work, we perform an analysis of the compatibility and predictive transferability of Bayesian constraints obtained from a six-parameter JETSCAPE effective energy-loss model across these subsets. The model is calibrated to charged-hadron and inclusive-jet data from ALICE, ATLAS, and CMS in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ and $2.76$ TeV. We find that centrality-dependent posteriors are largely compatible, whereas beam-energy and observable-class splits exhibit moderate shifts within overlapping credible regions, indicating that posterior overlap alone does not guarantee predictive universality. This is further examined by propagating subset posteriors to complementary datasets without refitting, where predictive performance varies across subsets. These results indicate that different observables probe distinct aspects of jet--medium interactions and motivate leading-hadron-selected jet observables to bridge hadron-biased and jet-inclusive constraints.

   hep-ph0 citations
6. 06*

   P-wave $c\bar{c}$ meson contributions in exotic hadrons

   Kotaro Miyake🇯🇵 · Yasuhiro Yamaguchi🇯🇵

   The nature of the $X(3872)$ and other exotic hadrons has been a subject of extensive investigation. While various theoretical models have been proposed, experimental evidence suggests that the $X(3872)$ may be a mixture state of a hadronic molecule and a $c\bar{c}$ core. In this work, we perform a systematic study of hidden-charm tetraquark candidates $X(3860)$, $X(3872)$, and $Z(3930)$ using a coupled-channel model that incorporates both $c\bar{c}$ states and $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ hadronic molecular components. The model parameters are fixed to reproduce the masses of the $X(3872)$ and $Z(3930)$, and the resulting framework is used to predict the mass and structure of the $0^{++}$ state associated with the $X(3860)$. Our results support the mixture interpretation of these exotic hadrons, exhibiting strong attractions from the transition potential between $c\bar{c}$ and $D^{(\ast )}{\bar{D}}^{(\ast )}$ components. The molecular component dominates in the $X(3872)$, while the $c\bar{c}$ component plays a more prominent role in the $X(3860)$ and $Z(3930)$.

   hep-phnucl-thJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·1 citation
7. 07*

   Comprehensive analyses of rare ${\Lambda }_b\to \Lambda {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, ${\Sigma }_b\to \Sigma {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ and ${\Xi }_b\to \Xi {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ decays in the 2HDM

   Z. Tavukoğlu🇹🇷 · A. T. Olgun🇹🇷 · K. Azizi🇮🇷

   We investigate rare special dileptonic decays of ${\Lambda }_b$, ${\Sigma }_b$ and ${\Xi }_b$ baryons in the Standard Model and context of the general Two-Higgs-Doublet Model with Type III. Specifically, we consider the decays ${\Lambda }_b\to \Lambda {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, ${\Sigma }_b\to \Sigma {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ and ${\Xi }_b\to \Xi {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$, where $\ell$ represents $\mu$ or $\tau$ lepton. By studying these rare decays, we aim to assess the impact of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model with Type III on various observables, such as the differential decay width, the total decay width, the differential branching ratio, total branching ratio, and lepton forward-backward asymmetries using the decay amplitude and the transition matrix elements in terms of form factors calculated via light cone QCD in full theory. We compare our results to those of the Standard Model, as well as existing lattice QCD predictions and experimental data, to assess the agreement and viability of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model with Type III. Furthermore, we highlight the potential for experimental investigations of these decay channels in the near future. The soon-to-be updated LHCb and/or Belle II detectors, renowned for their capabilities in studying rare decays, present excellent opportunities for probing the predicted branching ratios.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2026)·0 citations
8. 08*

   Delineating neutral and charged mesons in magnetic fields

   Toru Kojo🇯🇵 · Sakura Itatani🇯🇵

   We investigate the properties of neutral and charged mesons in magnetic fields, from weak-field to strong-field regimes. To develop analytic insights, we employ a non-relativistic quark model with a confining potential of the harmonic oscillator type. Short-range correlations, such as Coulomb and color-magnetic interactions, are treated as perturbations. In particular, we focus on the magnetic field dependence of the relative and the center-of-mass motions. The qualitative trends differ significantly between neutral and charged mesons: for neutral mesons, the transverse momenta are conserved and continuous, while charged mesons exhibit quantized transverse dynamics. The Zeeman effects, arising from intrinsic spins and orbital angular momenta, are carefully examined. In particular, for charged mesons with spins $s\ge 1$, we discuss how the zero-point energy in the internal quark motion cancels the Zeeman energy from the orbital angular momentum, ensuring the energetic stability of mesons with high spins. The effectively reduced dimensionality of these mesons in the strong-field limit is also discussed.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thnucl-thPRD(2026)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Neutrino mass models

   Avelino Vicente🇪🇸

   Neutrino masses provide one of the clearest indications of physics beyond the Standard Model. In this brief review, I discuss the main theoretical frameworks developed to account for them, with particular emphasis on scenarios in which neutrinos are Majorana particles. After a short overview of the current landscape of neutrino mass models, I focus on constructions featuring the spontaneous breaking of global lepton number and examine the phenomenological implications of a massless Goldstone boson, the majoron.

   hep-ph2 citations
10. 10*

    Systematic study of bottomonium production in proton-proton collisions at LHC energies

    Biswarup Paul🇮🇳

    We present a comprehensive study of ${\rm Y}(nS)$ ($n=1,2,3$) production in proton-proton ($pp$) collisions at various LHC energies and rapidity ranges within the framework of leading-order non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD) factorization. The transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$)-dependent production cross sections are calculated, incorporating both direct and feed-down contributions. Specifically, the feed-down contributions to ${\rm Y}(1S)$ include those from ${\rm Y}(2S)$, ${\rm Y}(3S)$, ${\chi }_{bJ}(1P)$, and ${\chi }_{bJ}(2P)$, while ${\rm Y}(2S)$ receives feed-down from ${\rm Y}(3S)$ and ${\chi }_{bJ}(2P)$. For ${\rm Y}(3S)$, feed-down from the ${\chi }_{bJ}(3P)$ states is also taken into account. The computed cross sections and cross section ratios among different ${\rm Y}$ states are compared with experimental measurements from ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, and LHCb. It is found that the experimental cross sections and cross section ratios are well described within the theoretical uncertainties arising from the choices of the factorization and renormalization scales for $p_{\mathrm{T}}>4$ GeV and $p_{\mathrm{T}}>0$ GeV, respectively. Furthermore, the cross section ratios exhibit a clear saturation behavior beyond $p_{\mathrm{T}}\approx 40$ GeV.

    hep-phnucl-ex0 citations
11. 11*

    Thermal effects on Dark Matter production during cosmic reheating

    Marco Drewes🇧🇪 · Yannis Georis🇧🇪 · Mubarak A. S. Mohammed🇧🇪 · Sebastian Zell🇩🇪

    The relic abundance of Dark Matter (DM) produced via thermal freeze-in is sensitive to the thermal history during and after cosmic reheating. In minimal models, this opens up the possibility to make predictions for collider observables by combining the requirement to match the DM relic abundance with observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). We assess the impact of thermal corrections to the rate of cosmic reheating and the rate of thermal DM production on CMB observables and the relic abundance. We find that such corrections are generally small in the regime where they can be computed by means of finite-temperature field theory. We construct counter-examples where this general rule is violated.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO2 citations
12. 12*

    Lepton masses and mixing in non-holomorphic modular $A_4$ with universal couplings

    Mohammed Abbas🇸🇦

    We propose a non-holomorphic modular $A_4$ model under the assumption of universal couplings. In this framework, a charged lepton mass hierarchy is not created through parameter fine tuning or hierarchical Yukawa couplings, but instead is determined by the modulus $\tau$, with certain modular weight assignments of right handed charged leptons. The experimental charged lepton masses are reproduced with high precision for values of $\tau$ located near modular fixed points. In neutrino sector the couplings are imposed to be equal in magnitude with different relative phases. By fixing the modulus $\tau$ from charged lepton sector, we perform a comprehensive scan over the phase parameters and modular weight assignments of the right handed neutrinos. We find that viable solutions arise only for normal neutrino mass ordering and a unique right handed neutrino modular weight, $k_N=-1$. The model yields strong correlations among mixing angles, the effective neutrinoless double beta decay parameter $m_{ee}$, and the total neutrino mass $\sum m_i$. These results underscore the predictive quality of non-holomorphic modular symmetry with minimal parameter inputs and offer implications for neutrino experiments and cosmological observations that can be tested.

    hep-ph2 citations
13. 13*

    ${\delta }_{CP}$-free constraints on NSI parameters ${\epsilon }_{e\mu }$ and ${\epsilon }_{e\tau }$ using high-purity ${\nu }_{\mu }$ CC events at IceCube DeepCore

    J Krishnamoorthi🇮🇳 · Anil Kumar🇮🇳 · Sanjib Kumar Agarwalla🇮🇳

    Atmospheric neutrinos provide a unique avenue to probe theories beyond the Standard Model (BSM) over a wide range of energies and path lengths. The theory of nonstandard interactions (NSI) of neutrinos is one of the important BSM scenarios, which can modify flavor oscillations of atmospheric neutrinos traveling through the Earth. In this work, we use a high-purity ${\nu }_{\mu }$ charged-current (CC) sample of atmospheric neutrinos from IceCube DeepCore with a livetime of 7.5 years to search for the NSI parameters ${\epsilon }_{e\mu }$, ${\epsilon }_{e\tau }$, and ${\epsilon }_{ee}-{\epsilon }_{\mu \mu }$. The ${\nu }_{\mu }$ CC events mainly come from the ${\nu }_{\mu }$ survival channel having no significant dependence on ${\delta }_{CP}$. Therefore, the constraints on ${\epsilon }_{e\mu }$ and ${\epsilon }_{e\tau }$ obtained using this ${\nu }_{\mu }$ CC sample are expected to be free from the ${\delta }_{CP}$-degeneracy. The data sample is found to be in agreement with the standard neutrino interactions. Therefore, we place bounds on these NSI parameters that are consistent with and comparable to existing experimental constraints. These ${\delta }_{CP}$-free constraints from IceCube DeepCore are complementary to those from the long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments, where the appearance channel depends on ${\delta }_{CP}$.

    hep-phhep-exphysics.ins-detPRD(2026)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Complementarity Between Neutrino Neutral and Charged Current Events in the Search for New Physics

    Julia Gehrlein🇺🇸 · Jaime Hoefken Zink🇵🇱 · Pedro A. N. Machado🇺🇸 · João Paulo Pinheiro🇨🇳

    At long-baseline neutrino experiments, neutral-current (NC) events accumulate in large numbers but are seldom exploited for new physics searches. We demonstrate their potential using non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) with quarks as a case study. Charged-current (CC) analyses constrain NSI through matter effects on neutrino propagation, which probe almost exclusively the isoscalar combination of up- and down-quark couplings; the orthogonal isovector combination is suppressed by a factor of $\sim$100. Because NSI also modify NC cross sections in a flavor-dependent way, NC events become sensitive to oscillations: the far-to-near detector ratio acquires a dependence on the beam's flavor composition that probes both isoscalar and isovector couplings with comparable weight. Using existing NOvA data and DUNE projections, we derive the first bounded constraints on isovector NSI from a long-baseline experiment and show that combining CC and NC measurements resolves the individual quark couplings, breaking a degeneracy that persists in either analysis alone.

    hep-ph0 citations
15. 15*

    Quantum Tomography and Entanglement in Semi-Leptonic $h\to V{V}^{\ast }$ Decays at Higher Orders

    Dorival Gonçalves🇺🇸 · Ajay Kaladharan🇺🇸 · Alberto Navarro🇰🇷

    Angular correlations in Higgs decays to electroweak gauge bosons, $h\to Z{Z}^{\ast },W{W}^{\ast }$, provide a powerful probe of both new physics effects and quantum information observables. We present a systematic study of semi-leptonic Higgs decays $h\to V{V}^{\ast }\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}q\bar{q}$ and ${\ell }^{\pm }{\nu }_{\ell }q{\bar{q}}^{\prime }$, including finite final state fermion masses, NLO QCD, and NLO electroweak corrections. We show that finite final state quark masses can induce effects that go beyond the two-qutrit description in more inclusive regimes, while remaining controllable with suitable kinematic selections. QCD corrections lead to modest percent-level shifts, whereas electroweak corrections can significantly modify the angular structure, particularly in the $h\to Z{Z}^{\ast }$ channels. We assess the impact of these effects on the reconstructed density matrix and entanglement measures, finding that, although they modify the angular observables, the semi-leptonic channels are better approximated by a two-qutrit description than the fully leptonic decay $h\to e^{+}{e}^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$.

    hep-phhep-exquant-ph10 citations
16. 16*

    Tensor decomposition of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$ to higher orders in the dimensional regulator

    Thomas Dave🇬🇧 · Jérémy Paltrinieri🇬🇧 · Pau Petit Rosàs🇬🇧 · William J. Torres Bobadilla🇬🇧

    We present a first study of the scattering process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\gamma$ beyond next-to-leading order, aimed at providing preliminary insights required for future NNLO predictions for radiative return processes. A complete four-dimensional tensor decomposition of the amplitude is developed, and the associated one-loop polarised amplitudes are evaluated analytically to higher orders in the dimensional regulator, as required for NNLO accuracy. The calculation is complemented by an efficient numerical framework for the evaluation of the resulting five-point Feynman integrals, enabling stable and fast evaluations across the physical production region with evaluation times of a few hundreds of milliseconds. These results are suitable for implementation in Monte Carlo event generators.

    hep-phhep-th1 citation
17. 17*

    Experimental prospects for quantum decoherence measurements at colliders

    Rafael Aoude🇬🇧 · José Manuel Camacho🇪🇸 · Valentin Durupt🇧🇪 · Guillermo García-Mir🇪🇸 · Fabio Maltoni🇧🇪 · María Moreno Llácer🇪🇸 · Leonardo Satrioni🇧🇪 · Kazuki Sakurai🇵🇱 · Marcel Vos🇪🇸

    We study the impact of radiation on quantum systems defined by the spins of elementary fermion-antifermion pairs produced at colliders. We present predictions for several processes, showing that energetic final-state radiation can induce decoherence and significantly reduce the entanglement of quantum systems formed by elementary fermion pairs. We investigate the feasibility of observing this effect experimentally in exclusive samples with energetic radiation. A statistically significant signal can be obtained with current data in associated $pp\to t\bar{t}(g)$ production at the LHC and in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}(\gamma )$ production at Belle 2. Future electron-positron colliders operated at the $Z$ pole or well above the $t\bar{t}$ production threshold will extend these prospects further.

    hep-phhep-exhep-th9 citations
18. 18*

    New Physics Reach through Precision at Future Colliders: a Multi-Pronged Approach

    Tommaso Armadillo🇧🇪 · Eugenia Celada🇬🇧 · Jaco ter Hoeve🇬🇧 · Fabio Maltoni🇧🇪 · Luca Mantani🇪🇸 · Juan Rojo🇳🇱 · Alejo N. Rossia🇮🇹 · Simone Tentori🇧🇪 · Marion O. A. Thomas🇩🇪 · Eleni Vryonidou🇨🇾

    We present projections for the sensitivity of future high-energy colliders to new physics through precision measurements of the Standard Model (SM) interactions, focusing on near-term electron-positron facilities: FCC-ee, LEP3, and the Linear Collider Facility. We interpret these projections in three complementary frameworks: Higgs coupling modifiers, effective Higgs and electroweak couplings, and global SMEFT fits. The SMEFT analysis includes renormalisation-group evolution, linear/quadratic contributions, and NLO corrections to EFT cross sections where available. By matching the EFT to UV-complete models, we also quantify the sensitivity of future colliders to representative benchmark scenarios, including composite Higgs models and single-particle SM extensions. In parallel, we release an updated version of the open-source SMEFiT framework, enabling the results presented here to be fully reproduced, extended, and customised.

    hep-phhep-ex8 citations
19. 19*

    Four-fermion operators, $Z$-boson exchange, and $\tau$ lepton dipole moments

    Joël Gogniat🇨🇭 · Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Gabriele Levati🇨🇭

    Asymmetry measurements in $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ constitute a promising avenue to obtain competitive constraints on the $\tau$ dipole moments, the anomalous magnetic moment $a_{\tau }$ and the electric dipole moment $d_{\tau }$, especially, once a polarized electron beam becomes available, as possible at a future polarization upgrade of the SuperKEKB collider. While the main challenges concern the measurement of these asymmetries and the calculation of radiative corrections at the relevant level of precision, at subleading orders also electroweak effects and the potential impact of four-fermion operators parameterizing other beyond-the-Standard-Model scenarios besides those described by dipole operators need to be taken into consideration. Here, we show that $Z$-boson contributions arise at the level of $\simeq 3\times 10^{-6}$, while we estimate the largest possible effect from four-fermion operators as $\simeq 10^{-5}C{v}^2/{\Lambda }^2$. In addition, we observe that four-fermion-operator insertions at the loop level can probe Wilson coefficients that are otherwise not constrained directly, and that the imaginary part generated by insertions of the dipole operator at loop level opens another potential avenue towards a determination of $a_{\tau }$ without the need for a polarized electron beam. Despite the inherent loop suppression, a measurement of the required normal asymmetry $A_N^{\pm }$ with a precision of $\lesssim 10^{-5}$ would allow one to probe the Schwinger term, which could define an intermediate goal to be realized in the current setting at Belle II.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPLB(2026)·5 citations
20. 20*

    The effect of the two-loop SMEFT RGEs at future colliders

    Luca Mantani🇪🇸 · Pablo Olgoso🇮🇹 · Alejo N. Rossia🇮🇹

    The search for New Physics requires ever increasing precision from experimental and theoretical efforts. Within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework, the latest achievement in this quest has been the complete computation of the two-loop Renormalisation Group Equations (RGEs) for the Wilson Coefficients of dimension-six operators. In this work, we solve the two-loop SMEFT RGEs with full numerical integration and compare the evolution matrix obtained at one and two loops to analyze how two-loop contributions alter mixing patterns and break zeroes present at one-loop order. Then, we perform a first comprehensive analysis of the impact of the two-loop RGEs in phenomenological studies at HL-LHC and FCC-ee. From a bottom-up perspective, we carry out individual and global fits at linear and quadratic level for a set of 61 Wilson coefficients and compare against the results obtained by including only one-loop RGE effects. We find non-negligible two-loop induced effects in some cases, in particular for four-quark, top Yukawa and Higgs-gluon operators. From a top-down perspective, we perform fits to all the scalar and fermion extensions of the Granada dictionary matched onto SMEFT at one-loop level, including for the first time the couplings that enter only at one loop, and find percent-level effects in the sensitivity to the couplings of some models.

    hep-ph4 citations
21. 21*

    Baryon Asymmetry from Electroweak-Symmetric Domain Walls

    Jacopo Azzola🇩🇪 · Oleksii Matsedonskyi🇩🇪 · Andreas Weiler🇩🇪

    We investigate electroweak baryogenesis from domain walls with electroweak-symmetric cores moving through the electroweak-broken plasma. In the thick-wall regime, CP-violating semiclassical forces generate chiral asymmetries that source baryon number through transport and weak sphaleron processes. We show that the baryon yield is governed by the hierarchy between the wall width, the CP-violating source width, and the diffusion length, and we identify the corresponding scaling behavior in the relevant parametric limits. A distinctive feature of this mechanism is the interference between the two faces of the domain wall, which leads to qualitatively different behavior for CP-violating sources that are even or odd under wall-orientation reversal. We construct a simplified description that captures these effects and reproduces the predictions of the full transport system in a broad range of parameter space. Applying our framework to a singlet-extended Standard Model, we delineate the region in which electroweak-symmetric domain walls can generate the observed baryon asymmetry.

    hep-phastro-ph.CO6 citations
22. 22*

    Probing CP Violation with Hyperon EDMs at BESIII

    Jianyu Zhang🇫🇮

    The prevalence of matter over antimatter in the observable universe remains one of the most profound puzzles in modern physics, necessitating sources of charge-parity (CP) symmetry violation beyond those incorporated in the Standard Model. While electric dipole moments (EDMs) of elementary particles serve as sensitive probes for such new physics, the hyperon sector has historically remained a largely unexplored territory. This review synthesizes recent advancements in the search for hyperon EDMs, focusing on the novel modular angular analysis of entangled baryon-antibaryon pairs produced in $J/\psi$ decays at electron-positron colliders. We discuss the theoretical formalism connecting the electric dipole form factor to full angular distributions and highlight the recent milestone achieved by the BESIII experiment, which established an improved upper limit on the $\Lambda$ EDM. This result represents a three-order-of-magnitude improvement over historical measurements.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·0 citations
23. 23*

    The Proton Radius Puzzle

    Gerald A. Miller🇺🇸

    Pohl et al. measured the energy difference between the 2P and 2S states of muonic hydrogen and used it to determine a precise value of the proton radius. The result disagreed significantly from values extracted from electronic hydrogen and elastic electron-proton scattering. This discrepancy was exciting because it indicated a breakdown of Coulomb's law. In more technical terms, the discrepancy indicated that a fundamental property of the Standard Model, known as lepton universality, could be violated. This chapter explains the origins, meaning and significance of the puzzle. A resolution, based on very recent experiments, is stated. The proton radius puzzle is no more.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phphysics.atom-ph0 citations
24. 24*

    Isospin-symmetry violation -- kaons and beyond (ISO-BREAK 25: summary and outlook)

    Marek Gazdzicki (1)🇵🇱 · Francesco Giacosa (1)🇵🇱 · Katarzyna Grebieszkow (2)🇵🇱 · David Blaschke (3)🇵🇱 · Marcus Bleicher (4)🇩🇪 · Bastian Brandt (5)🇩🇪 · Wojciech Brylinski🇵🇱 · Tobiasz Czopowicz (6)🇵🇱 · Jim Drachenberg (7)🇺🇸 · Dipangkar Dutta (8)🇺🇸 · Francesca Ercolessi (9)🇮🇹 · Mark Gorenstein (10)🇺🇦 and 31 other authors

    This report summarizes the presentations and discussions during the ISO-BREAK 25 Workshop ``Isospin symmetry violation: kaons and beyond'', which was held at Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce on October 23-25, 2025. We address the current status of the isospin-symmetry breaking discovered by NA61/SHINE in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN SPS, its confirmation by other experiments and studies in \ee and deep inelastic scattering. In addition, we discuss the theoretical status as well as we outline experimental and theoretical priorities towards understanding this currently unexplained phenomenon.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-th2 citations
25. 25*

    Unraveling the Hyperon Puzzle in Neutron Stars via Novel, High-Precision Hyperon Factories

    Chang-Zheng Yuan🇨🇳 · Marek Karliner🇮🇱

    The strong forces between nucleons ($N$=$p$, $n$) are fundamental to the visible universe. The interactions between hyperons (baryons with strange quarks) and nucleons are essential for the intrinsic properties of neutron stars. Whereas the interactions between nucleons ($pp$, $pn$, $nn$) have been extensively studied, the interactions between nucleons and hyperons ($N\Lambda$, $N\Sigma$, $N\Xi$, $N\Omega$, ...) are not well understood, due to the small amount of relevant data, limited by the scarcity of suitable hyperon sources. Here we point out and investigate a new high-quality source: hyperons produced in $pp$ collisions, such as $pp\to p{K}^{+}\Lambda$, $pK\Sigma$, $pK\pi \Sigma$, $pKK\Xi$, $pKKK\Omega$. At a fixed target experiment using proton beam with known momentum and liquid hydrogen target, $pp\to p{K}^{+}\Lambda$ can be produced copiously. By tagging $p$ and $K^{+}$, the flux and momentum of the $\Lambda$ can be determined precisely. By placing an additional target around the primary one, these $\Lambda$-s serve as an ideal source, enabling an unprecedentedly precise study of $\Lambda$ interactions with a wide range of targets. Similar methods can be used to obtain high-quality sources of other hyperons, such as $\Sigma$, $\Xi$ and $\Omega$. These novel, high-statistics sources of hyperons with precisely known kinematics present new opportunities for applications in particle and nuclear physics, particularly in understanding the hyperon puzzle of neutron stars. We propose a new high-luminosity experiment with two nested concentric targets, optimized for such measurements. This concept can also be incorporated into existing experiments, such as HADES and CBM at FAIR, as well as proposed experiments, such as H-NS and HHaS at HIAF, by adding a second target without significant modification of the current detectors.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-ph0 citations
26. 26*

    Constraining the Pulsar Beaming Fraction with TeV-Selected Galactic Pulsar Wind Nebulae and unidentified TeV Sources

    Takumi Shimasue🇯🇵 · Shota Kisaka🇯🇵 · Aya Bamba🇯🇵 · Shinpei Shibata🇯🇵

    The pulsar beaming fraction is a fundamental quantity for connecting the observed pulsar population to the intrinsic Galactic population and for constraining pulsar emission geometry. In this study, we estimate the beaming fraction in each observational band (radio, $\gamma$-ray, and X-ray) and for each TeV survey (H.E.S.S., HAWC, and LHAASO) using TeV-selected pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) and unidentified (Unid) TeV sources, assuming that the TeV emission from PWNe is approximately isotropic and that Unid sources are PWNe powered by pulsars whose beams do not intersect our line of sight. Within each survey, the inferred beaming fractions $\sim 0.1-0.3$ are comparable across bands. In contrast, the values differ by more than a factor of two between H.E.S.S. and HAWC/LHAASO. This discrepancy likely reflects survey-dependent selection effects, including differences in angular resolution and energy range, and is also consistent with the possibility that HAWC/LHAASO selected samples preferentially include older pulsars associated with more extended PWNe than those in the H.E.S.S. sample. We further show that the inferred beaming fractions can be reproduced within a unified framework using a time-dependent opening angle, and that this framework remains compatible with the statistical properties of the observed pulsar population.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th0 citations
27. 27*

    Comment on "Angular momentum dynamics of vortex particles in accelerators''

    S.S. Baturin

    We comment on Ref.[D. Karlovets, D. Grosman, and I. Pavlov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 085002 (2026)], which proposes a BMT-like equation for the mean kinetic orbital angular momentum (OAM) of vortex particles in accelerator fields and draws spin-like conclusions about depolarization, resonances, and control. We show that the proposed closure is not generally valid even at the mean-value level. In the authors' own homogeneous-field model, Eq.(8) already makes $⟨L_z⟩$ depend on the packet second moment $⟨{\rho }^2⟩(\tau )$; for an exact family of breathing Landau/LG packets this yields an explicit oscillation incompatible with Eq.(9) except in the nongeneric matched case. Moreover, the Appendix A assumption that mixed correlators are negligible suppresses the transverse kinetic-OAM components themselves, since those correlators are precisely the building blocks of $L_x$ and $L_y$. We also stress that, even if a closed equation for $⟨\hat{\mathbf{L}}⟩$ were available, it would still not constitute a transport equation for a vortex quantum state. Mean-OAM transport does not determine OAM spectra, inter-mode coherences, or fidelity. State-level claims therefore require a mode-resolved density-matrix treatment rather than an Ehrenfest equation for a low-order moment.

    ↳ physics.acc-phhep-phphysics.opticsquant-ph0 citations
28. 28*

    A data-driven prediction for the primordial deuterium abundance

    Timothy Launders · Cara Giovanetti🇺🇸 · Hongwan Liu🇺🇸

    We predict the primordial deuterium abundance using a novel, fully data-driven approach, where we use Gaussian process regression to fit experimental nuclear reaction data for $d$,($d$,$n$)${}^3$He, $d$,($d$,$p$)$t$, and $d$($p$,$\gamma$)${}^3$He, three reactions to which the primordial deuterium abundance is most sensitive. Using the Planck determination of the baryon density, we predict $10^5\times D/H=2.442\pm 0.040$ in standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, $1.70\sigma$ below the Cooke et al. measurement. Our result is consistent with predictions relying on first principles calculations of the deuterium burning cross sections. With the inferred baryon density from a combined fit to Planck, ACT DR6, and SPT-3G D1, this discrepancy worsens to $1.98\sigma$. We validate our approach and confirm that Gaussian processes make unbiased D/H predictions with appropriately-sized uncertainties. We repeat our validation tests for low-degree polynomial fits, a technique used in previous analyses, and find that they systematically over-predict D/H. Our results highlight the need for improved measurements of the $d$,($d$,$n$)${}^3$He and $d$,($d$,$p$)$t$ S-factors at energies between 0.1 and 0.6 MeV.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phnucl-th8 citations
29. 29*

    DMRadio-Core: A new approach for GUT-scale axion searches

    V. Ankel🇺🇸 · C. Bartram🇺🇸 · J. Begin🇺🇸 · C. Bell🇺🇸 · S. Chaudhuri🇺🇸 · H.-M. Cho🇺🇸 · J. Corbin🇺🇸 · W. Craddock🇺🇸 · S. Cuadra🇺🇸 · A. Droster🇺🇸 · J. Echevers🇺🇸 · E. Engelhardt🇺🇸 and 24 other authors

    Searches for QCD axions with masses in the neV/$c^2$ mass range are strongly motivated by new physics at the GUT scale and by well-motivated pre-inflationary axion symmetry breaking scales. This parameter space is challenging to probe due to the small axion-photon couplings, which typically require large, high-field magnets with substantial stored energy. In this paper, we propose a new experimental geometry based on a narrow-bore, segmented solenoid that optimizes the collection of the axion-induced signal using LC resonators outside the high-field region of the magnet bore. This alternative optimization significantly reduces the required stored magnetic energy while preserving sensitivity, enabling a near-term experiment in the 30-200 MHz (120-830 neV/$c^2$) range, with a cost-effective, staged scaling to a GUT-scale experiment in the 100 kHz-30 MHz (0.4-120 neV/$c^2$) range.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phphysics.ins-det5 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.