Fri·Nov 21, 2025Friday·November 21, 2025

1. 01*

   Structure Formation with Dark Magnetohydrodynamics

   Pierce Giffin🇺🇸 · Andrew Liu🇺🇸 · Jeremias Boucsein🇺🇸 · Akaxia Cruz🇺🇸 · Anirudh Prabhu🇺🇸 · Stefano Profumo🇺🇸 · M. Grant Roberts🇺🇸

   Long-range interactions in the dark sector can give rise to collective plasma phenomena that are capable of modifying the evolution of dark matter halos. We present the first study of gravitational collapse in a secluded dark $U(1{)}_D$ model using a magnetohydrodynamic description of the dark matter. We show that dark magnetic fields generate an anisotropic pressure that alters the Jeans scale and suppresses small-scale power in a direction-dependent manner. For a range of primordial magnetic spectral indices, this effect produces distinctive modifications to the linear matter power spectrum. We find that current observations cannot yet constrain viable dark magnetic fields, as CMB tensor modes mostly provide more stringent constraints. Nevertheless, forthcoming high-resolution probes of the matter power spectrum (CMB-HD lensing, HERA, and EDGES) will be able to test these predictions and are sensitive to dark charge-to-mass ratios in the range $10^{-20}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}\lesssim q_{\chi }/m_{\chi }\lesssim 10^{-14}{\text{GeV}}^{-1}$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2026)·6 citations
2. 02*

   Exploring enhanced non-resonant di-Higgs production at the HL-LHC with neural networks

   Leandro Da Rold🇦🇷 · Manuel Epele🇦🇷 · Anibal D. Medina🇦🇷 · Nicolás I. Mileo🇦🇷 · Alejandro Szynkman🇦🇷

   We investigate di-Higgs production in the $b\bar{b}\gamma \gamma$ final state at the LHC, focusing on scenarios where the gluon fusion process is enhanced by new colored scalars, which could be identified as squarks or leptoquarks. We consider two benchmarks characterized by the mass of the lightest colored scalar, BM${}_{\mathrm{L}}$ and BM${}_{\mathrm{H}}$, corresponding to 464 GeV and 621 GeV, respectively. Using Monte Carlo simulations for both the signal and the dominant backgrounds, we perform a discovery analysis with deep neural networks, exploring various architectures and input variables. Our results show that the discrimination power is maximized by employing two dedicated classifiers, one trained against QCD backgrounds and another against backgrounds involving single-Higgs processes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that including high-level features -- such as the invariant masses $m_{\gamma \gamma }$, $m_{bb}$, and $m_{hh}$, as well as the transverse momenta and angular separations of the photon and $b$-jet pairs -- significantly improves the performance compared to using only low-level features as the invariant mass and momenta of the final particles. For the latter case, we find that architectures processing photon and $b$-jet variables separately can enhance the significance for BM${}_{\mathrm{H}}$. Projecting for an integrated luminosity of 3 ab${}^{-1}$, we obtain a significance of 7.3 for BM${}_{\mathrm{L}}$, while it drops to 3.1 for BM${}_{\mathrm{H}}$. In the particular case of BM${}_{\mathrm{L}}$, discovery level significance can be reached at 1.7 ab${}^{-1}$.

   hep-ph1 citation
3. 03*

   Modified Tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing confronted by JUNO ${\theta }_{12}$ measurement

   Xiao-Gang He🇨🇳

   The JUNO collaboration has released its first measurement of reactor neutrino oscillations results, obtaining ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{12}=0.3092\pm 0.0087$, an improvement in precision by a factor of 1.6 over previous combined results. We confront the minimally modified tri-bimaximal mixing pattern with the new data. Before the measurement of a non-zero ${\theta }_{13}$ mixing angle, the tri-bimximal mixing pattern is one of the most popular simple mixing scheme for neutrinos. Modifications have been proposed to keep some features of tri-bimaximal mixing and make it to be consistent with data. Minimal modifications preserving one column of the tri-bimaximal mixing matrix, yielding three patterns: a) unchanged third, b) unchanged second and c) unchanged first column. Pattern a) is excluded since it keeps ${\theta }_{13}=0$. Pattern b) predicts $V_{e2}=1/\sqrt{3}$ and specific CP phase correlations, but JUNO's smaller $|V_{e2}|$ disfavors it at more than 3.5$\sigma$. Pattern c), predicting $V_{e2}=\cos \tau /\sqrt{3}$, can be in agreement with current data within 1$\sigma$, and implies ${\sin }^2{\theta }_{12}=(1-3{\sin }^2{\theta }_{13})/3(1-{\sin }^2{\theta }_{13})$ and CP violating quantity $\sin \theta =\pm 0.998$. The negative sign favors the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. Upcoming experiments can further test this scenario.

   hep-phhep-exPLB(2026)·17 citations
4. 04*

   Electromagnetic form factors: A window into the $D{\Lambda }_c$, $D^{\ast }{\Lambda }_c$, and $D{\Lambda }_c^{\ast }$ molecular structure

   Ulaş Özdem🇹🇷

   The internal structure of exotic hadrons remains one of the most compelling puzzles in strong interaction physics. In this work, we provide crucial insights into the nature of doubly-charmed pentaquarks by investigating their electromagnetic properties. Using QCD light-cone sum rules, we present the first comprehensive calculation of the magnetic dipole moments of $D{\Lambda }_c$, $D^{\ast }{\Lambda }_c$, and $D{\Lambda }_c^{\ast }$ molecular pentaquarks with $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^{-}$, ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$, and ${\frac{3}{2}}^{-}$, respectively. Our analysis reveals a striking hierarchy of magnetic moments: ${\mu }_{D{\Lambda }_c^{\ast }}>{\mu }_{D^{\ast }{\Lambda }_c}>{\mu }_{D{\Lambda }_c}$, driven by distinct quark-level mechanisms. While light quarks dominate the overall response, we find that charm quark contributions become strategically important when light quark contributions partially cancel. Beyond dipole moments, we predict higher multipoles--electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments--for the spin-$3/2$ $D^{\ast }{\Lambda }_c$ and $D{\Lambda }_c^{\ast }$ states, which fingerprint the spatial deformation of these configurations, revealing prolate versus oblate charge distributions. These results provide the first systematic predictions for electromagnetic moments of molecular pentaquark configurations, establishing essential benchmarks for future theoretical and experimental studies. By systematically comparing our predictions with both compact doubly-charmed and hidden-charm pentaquark configurations, we establish robust benchmarks that discriminate between competing structural models, ultimately resolving the nature of doubly-charmed exotic hadrons.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latEPJC(2026)·5 citations
5. 05*

   Probing quark-lepton correlation in GUTs with high-precision neutrino measurements

   Zi-Qiang Chen🇨🇳 · Gao-Xiang Fang🇨🇳 · Ye-Ling Zhou🇨🇳

   GUTs unify quarks and leptons into same representations and predict correlations between their masses and mixing. We perform numerical scans in SO(10) GUTs to explore the flavor space with new data of JUNO taken into account. The quark-lepton correlation shows the preference of normal ordering for light neutrino masses, predicts favored region of the CP-violating phase in neutrino oscillations, and classifies GUT models based on their testability in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. The quark-lepton correlation predicts mass spectrum of right-handed neutrinos, pointing to the energy scale of baryon and lepton number violation and providing sources for baryogenesis. We emphasize that, as high precision measurements of neutrino physics are coming, the quark-lepton correlation will provide increasingly important role in the testability of GUTs, complementary to proton decay measurements.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·14 citations
6. 06*

   Modular TM${}_1$ mixing in light of precision measurement in JUNO

   Wen-Hao Jiang🇨🇳 · Ruiwen Ouyang🇨🇳 · Ye-Ling Zhou🇨🇳

   This paper investigates the landscape of models based on modular $S_4$ symmetry that predicts the trimaximal TM${}_1$ mixing pattern for leptonic flavor mixing, and explores their parameter spaces with constraints from the latest high-precision measurement on ${\theta }_{12}$ and $\Delta m_{21}^2$ given by JUNO experiment. We review on how the mixing pattern arises from residual symmetries after the spontaneous breaking of a flavor symmetry, via an appropriate vacuum alignment of modular fields and flavon fields. We show three different models that realize the TM${}_1$ in three approaches with the same symmetry structure. Due to different model building strategies used, predictions on the CP-violating phase and the effective mass in neutrinoless double beta decay are different, making them distinguishable.

   hep-ph17 citations
7. 07*

   Composite Asymmetric Dark Matter Assisted by Primordial Black Holes Evaporation

   Takumi Kuwahara🇨🇳 · Yoshiki Uchida🇨🇳

   We investigate a cogenesis scenario for composite asymmetric dark matter framework: a dark sector has a similar strong dynamics to quantum chromodynamics in the standard model, and the dark-sector counterpart of baryons is the dark matter candidate. The Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes plays the role of a source of heavy scalar particles whose $CP$-violating decay into quarks and dark quarks provides particle--anti-particle asymmetries in baryons and dark matter, respectively. Primordial black holes should evaporate after the electroweak phase transition and before the big-bang nucleosynthesis for explaining the baryon asymmetry of the Universe and for consistent cosmology. We find that this scenario explains the observed values for both baryon and dark matter energy densities when the heavy scalar particles have a mass of $10^6\text{–}10^9\mathrm{GeV}$ and the primordial black holes have masses of $10^7\text{–}10^9\mathrm{g}$.

   hep-ph2 citations
8. 08*

   High-frequency Gravitational Waves from Superstring Phases in the Early Universe

   Joseph P. Conlon🇬🇧 · Edmund J. Copeland🇬🇧 · Edward Hardy🇬🇧 · Noelia Sánchez González🇬🇧

   When moduli roll in the early universe, all physical scales - including string tensions - simultaneously evolve. The dynamics of cosmic string loops with time-varying tension can produce cosmic string loop trackers in which most of the energy density of the universe lies in the form of string loops. This solution can exist as an attractor until the rolling modulus reaches its minimum, when the loops ultimately decay through gravitational wave emission. We explore the spectrum of gravitational waves produced by such string loop trackers. The resulting spectrum is high-frequency and peaks in the GHz regime today. The amplitude of the signal is diluted by any subsequent matter-dominated epochs, and thus the potential observability of the signal crucially depends on the duration of the moduli-dominated epoch that follows once the moduli settle down and oscillate about their minimum.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2026)·6 citations
9. 09*

   WIMP Freeze-out dynamics under Tsallis statistics

   Matias P. Gonzalez🇨🇱 · Roberto A. Lineros🇨🇱

   We generalize thermal WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particle) freeze-out within Tsallis nonextensive statistics. Using Curado-Tsallis $q$-distributions $f_q(E;\mu ,T)$ we compute $q$-deformed number and energy densities, pressure, entropy density and Hubble rate, $\{n_q,{\rho }_q,P_q,s_q,H_q\}$. The Boltzmann equation is generalized accordingly to obtain the comoving abundance $Y_{\chi ,q}(x)$ and relic density ${\Omega }_{\chi ,q}{h}^2$ for a dark-matter candidate $\chi$ in a model-independent setup. The thermally averaged cross section is expanded as $⟨\sigma v{⟩}_q\approx a+b⟨v_{\mathrm{rel}}^2{⟩}_q$ up to $p$-wave. The freeze-out parameter $x_f(q)$ is determined from ${\Gamma }_{\mathrm{ann},q}(T_f)\simeq H_q(T_f)$ using a $q$-logarithmic inversion, with the expansion rate modified through ultra-relativistic rescalings $R_{\rho }(q)$ of the effective relativistic degrees of freedom $g_{\ast }$ and $g_{\ast s}$. We show that $x_f$ increases with $q$ and that QCD-threshold features propagate into $Y_{\chi ,q}(x)$ and ${\Omega }_{\chi ,q}{h}^2$. We then perform two $q$-grid scans: fixing $⟨\sigma v{⟩}_q$ while varying the dark-matter mass $m_{\chi }$, and fixing $m_{\chi }$ while varying the $s$-wave coefficient $a$. For an $s$-wave dominated scenario we construct ${\chi }^2$ profiles in these planes by comparing ${\Omega }_{\chi ,q}{h}^2$ with the Planck benchmark ${\Omega }_c{h}^2=0.120\pm 0.001$. In both cases we find a clear degeneracy in the preferred nonextensive parameter $q_{\mathrm{best}}$ along valleys in parameter space. However, fixed-mass scans (varying $⟨\sigma v{⟩}_q$) are significantly more constraining than fixed-cross-section scans, reflecting that ${\Omega }_{\chi ,q}{h}^2$ is mainly controlled by $⟨\sigma v{⟩}_q$, so that for realistic cross sections the best-fit $q_{\mathrm{best}}$ remains close to the extensive limit $q\to 1$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPhys.Dark Univ.(2026)·1 citation
10. 10*

    Electroweak precision tests

    L. Reina🇺🇸 · L. Silvestrini🇮🇹

    The Standard Model of particle physics provides a rigorous framework within which processes mediated by electroweak interactions can be calculated with great accuracy. By comparing with high-precision experimental measurements of the same processes, deviations from Standard Model predictions can be identified as indirect signals of new physics. In particular, electroweak precision fits combine multiple observables and provide a unique test of the Standard Model consistency at the quantum level.

    hep-ph4 citations
11. 11*

    Cold Quark Matter: Renormalization group improvement of the perturbative series

    Loïc Fernandez🇫🇮 · Jean-Loïc Kneur🇫🇷

    We discuss recent improvements of the cold and dense QCD pressure owing to an all-order resummation of the soft modes, or to the so-called renormalization group optimized perturbation theory (RGOPT). Both approaches show a significant improvement of the residual renormalization scale dependence with respect to the state-of-the-art results for the perturbative pressure.

    hep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2026)·0 citations
12. 12*

    Search for Ultralight Dark Matter with Quantum Magnetometry in the Earth's Cavity

    Ariel Arza🇨🇳 · Yuanlin Gong🇨🇳 · Jun Guo🇨🇳 · Xiaofei Huang🇨🇳 · Jing Shu🇨🇳 · Hongliang Tian🇨🇳 · Wenyu Wang🇨🇳 · Kai Wei🇨🇳 · Lei Wu🇨🇳 · Mingming Xia🇨🇳 · Jin Min Yang🇨🇳 · Qiang Yuan🇨🇳 and 3 other authors

    Ultralight dark matter candidates, such as axions and dark photons, are leading dark matter candidates. They may couple feebly to photons, sourcing oscillating electromagnetic signals in the Earth's conducting cavity formed between the ground and the ionosphere, providing detectable magnetic field signatures at wavelengths above the Earth's size. We carry out a project aiming to search for new physics using an unshielded high-sensitivity atomic magnetometer, termed the Geomagnetic Probe for nEw physiCS (GPEX). In this work, we report our first search for axion and dark photon dark matter, conducted in the desert of XiaoDushan in Gansu Province, China. Analysis of the collection of one-hour data shows no robust evidence for axion- or dark photon-induced magnetic signals. Correspondingly, we set the constraints on the axion-photon coupling with $g_{a\gamma \gamma }<7\times 10^{-10}\mathrm{Ge}{\mathrm{V}}^{-1}$ and the dark photon kinetic-mixing parameter $ϵ<2\times 10^{-6}$ in the mass range $3.5\times 10^{-16}\mathrm{eV}\sim 1.8\times 10^{-14}\mathrm{eV}$. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using ground-based quantum magnetic sensors for ultralight dark matter searches. Future networks of such detectors operating over extended periods could improve the sensitivity by about three orders of magnitude.

    hep-ph4 citations
13. 13*

    KrkNLO matching and phenomenology for vector boson processes

    Pratixan Sarmah🇵🇱 · Andrzej Siódmok🇵🇱 · James Whitehead🇵🇱

    The combination of NLO matrix elements with parton showers is indispensable for LHC physics. Differences between matching methods introduce matching uncertainties, corresponding to formally higher-order terms. We recently presented the process-independent generalisation of the KrkNLO method for NLO matching, which employs a modified PDF factorisation scheme to achieve NLO accuracy. With this factorisation scheme, the method can be used for colour-singlet final-states, and was previously implemented in the Herwig Monte Carlo Event Generator and applied to the diphoton-production process. Here we present the extension of the implementation of the KrkNLO method within Herwig to support the full class of applicable processes, using an external matrix-element library. We re-validate the implementation, and use it to study the NLO matching uncertainty for four vector-boson production processes at the LHC: $W$, $Z\gamma$, $WW$ and $ZZ$. We demonstrate that the KrkNLO method effectively eliminates the negative-weight problem in NLO event generation, across the four processes studied. We provide detailed comparisons between KrkNLO and variants of the MC@NLO method with different shower starting-scale choices, across processes and throughout phase-space, including double-differential observables. For each process, we compare the predictions to LHC data from ATLAS.

    hep-ph4 citations
14. 14*

    Domain walls in the scaling regime: Equal Time Correlator and Gravitational Waves

    Simone Blasi🇩🇪 · Alberto Mariotti🇧🇪 · Aäron Rase🇧🇪 · Miguel Vanvlasselaer🇧🇪

    Domain walls are topological defects that may have formed in the early Universe through the spontaneous breakdown of discrete symmetries, and can be a strong source of gravitational waves (GWs). We perform 3D lattice field theory simulations with CosmoLattice, considering grid sizes $N=1250$, $2048$ and $4096$, to study the dynamics of the domain wall network and its GW signatures. We first analyze how the network approaches the scaling regime with a constant $\mathcal{O}(1)$ number of domain walls per Hubble volume, including setups with a large initial number of domains as expected in realistic scenarios, and find that scaling is always reached in a few Hubble times after the network formation. To better understand the properties of the scaling regime, we then numerically extract the Equal Time Correlator (ETC) of the energy-momentum tensor of the network, thus determining its characteristic shape for the case of domain walls, and verifying explicitly its functional dependence as predicted by scaling arguments. The ETC can be further extended to the Unequal Time Correlator (UTC) controlling the GW emission by making assumptions on the coherence of the source. By comparison with the actual GW spectrum evaluated by CosmoLattice, we are then able to infer the degree of coherence of the domain wall network. Finally, by performing numerical simulations in different background cosmologies, e.g. radiation domination and kination, we find evidence for a universal ETC at subhorizon scales and hence a universal shape of the GW spectrum in the UV, while the expansion history of the Universe may instead be determined by the IR features of the GW spectrum.

    hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qcJCAP(2026)·17 citations
15. 15*

    Prospects for Neutrino Observation and Mass Measurement from Binary Neutron Star Mergers

    Vedran Brdar🇺🇸 · Dibya S. Chattopadhyay🇺🇸 · Samiur R. Mir🇺🇸 · Tousif Raza🇺🇸 · Marc S. Romanowski🇺🇸

    Over the next decade, $\mathcal{O}(100)$ diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB) events are expected in Hyper-Kamiokande. Another neutrino source that has received far less attention is binary neutron star mergers. Including the data from recent simulations, we find that detection in current and near-future neutrino experiments is not feasible, and a megaton-scale detector with $\mathcal{O}(10)$ MeV threshold, such as the proposed Deep-TITAND, MEMPHYS, or MICA, will be required. This is due to the updated binary neutron star merger rate and the time-of-flight delay caused by the nonzero neutrino mass. Regarding the former, recent results from LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA has significantly lowered the upper limit on the neutron star merger rate. As for the latter, neutrino events from neutron star mergers are expected to be recorded shortly after the gravitational wave signal. Limiting the analysis to such short time windows can significantly reduce background rates. While this approach has been qualitatively discussed in the literature, the effect of the time delay caused by neutrino mass, which can substantially extend the observation windows, has been disregarded. We present a refined analysis employing energy-dependent time windows and luminosity distance cuts for the mergers and provide realistic estimates of the detector runtime required to record neutrinos from binary neutron star mergers with small background contamination. The relative timing between the neutrino and gravitational wave signals can also be employed to probe the scale of neutrino mass. We find that the sensitivity to the lightest neutrino mass exceeds both the most stringent terrestrial bounds from KATRIN and the projections based on galactic supernovae. This level of sensitivity may become particularly relevant in the future if terrestrial and supernova constraints are not significantly improved.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-exPRD(2026)·0 citations
16. 16*

    A new suite of Lund-tree observables to resolve jets

    Melissa van Beekveld🇳🇱 · Luca Buonocore🇨🇭 · Silvia Ferrario Ravasio🇨🇭 · Pier Francesco Monni🇨🇭 · Alba Soto-Ontoso🇪🇸 · Gregory Soyez🇫🇷

    We introduce a class of collider observables, named Lund-Tree Shapes (LTS), defined from declustering trees originating from the Lund jet plane representation of the QCD radiation pattern in multi-jet scattering processes. At the differential level, they are continuous global variables akin classical event shapes and $n\to n+1$ jet-resolution parameters, which probe the geometry and hierarchical structure of the radiation in an event. At the integrated, cumulative level, they naturally define $n$ jet rates, providing a jet-multiplicity-based characterisation of multi-jet final states. Their definition applies to scattering processes with any number of resolved jets in the final state, as well as to groomed jets. They are thus usable as resolution variables in the context of higher-order calculations via phase-space slicing, matching fixed-order calculations to parton showers, and testing the logarithmic accuracy of shower algorithms. From a theoretical viewpoint, such observables feature a simple all-order structure and are free of non-global logarithmic corrections. As an initial application, we derive next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accurate predictions for processes with two QCD legs at $ee$, $pp$ and $ep$ colliders, and matched predictions to next-to-next-to-leading order for the LHC, discussing aspects of collider phenomenology.

    hep-phhep-exJHEP(2026)·6 citations
17. 17*

    WIMP Meets ALP: Coherent Freeze-Out of Dark Matter

    Steven Ferrante🇺🇸 · Maxim Perelstein🇺🇸 · Bingrong Yu🇺🇸

    We consider the cosmological history of a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) coupled to a light axion-like particle (ALP) via a quadratic coupling. Although the coupling is too feeble to thermalize the ALP, coherent forward scattering between the two sectors induces temperature-dependent mass shifts that substantially modify both WIMP freeze-out and ALP misalignment dynamics, giving rise to a novel coherent freeze-out mechanism. At high temperatures, the WIMP thermal bath spontaneously breaks the symmetry of the ALP potential, displacing the field to a new vacuum. The resulting back-reaction reduces the WIMP effective mass and significantly delays its freeze-out. Depending on the strength of the coupling, symmetry restoration occurs via either a first-order phase transition (FOPT) or a crossover. In the FOPT regime, dark matter consists solely of WIMPs, whose delayed freeze-out permits annihilation cross sections up to three orders of magnitude above the standard value, while still yielding the correct relic density. In the crossover regime, both WIMP and ALP can contribute to dark matter. Remarkably, we find an "ALP miracle": a Planck-suppressed quadratic coupling yields an ALP abundance comparable to the observed dark matter density, largely independent of its initial displacement and mass.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRL(2026)·3 citations
18. 18*

    Streamlined Supergravity

    Renata Kallosh🇺🇸 · Andrei Linde🇺🇸

    The textbook N=1 supergravity has an F-term potential depending on a superpotential $W(z_i)$ and a Kahler potential $K(z^i,{\bar{z}}^{\bar{i}})$, with the scalar potential $V(z^i,{\bar{z}}^{\bar{i}})=e^K(|DW{|}^2-3|W{|}^2)$. In this approach, it is not always easy to find the potential $V(z^i,{\bar{z}}^{\bar{i}})$ with the required properties. We show that in supergravity with a nilpotent superfield and with any Kahler potential $K(z^i,{\bar{z}}^{\bar{i}})$ one can obtain any desired potential $V(z^i,{\bar{z}}^{\bar{i}})$ by a proper choice of the Kahler metric of the nilpotent superfield. This construction is particularly suitable for cosmological and particle physics applications, which may require maximal freedom in the choice of kinetic terms and scalar potentials.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phJHEP(2026)·5 citations
19. 19*

    Dimensional Phenomenology in Polymeric Quantization Framework

    Kourosh Nozari🇮🇷 · Hamed Ramezani🇮🇷

    In this paper, we study the statistical mechanics within the polymer quantization framework in the semiclassical regime. We apply a non-canonical transformation to the phase space variables. Then, we use this non-canonical transformation to calculate the deformed density of states of the $2n$-dimensional phase space, which encompasses all polymer effects. In the next step, some thermodynamic features of a system of $n$-dimensional harmonic oscillators are studied by computing the deformed partition function. The results show that the number of microstates decreases because there is an upper bound on the momentum within the polymer framework. We found that in the high-temperature regime, when the thermal de Broglie wavelength is close to the Planck length, $n$ degrees of freedom of the system are frozen in this setup. In other words, there is an effective reduction in space dimensions from $n$ to $\frac{n}{2}$ in the polymeric framework, which also signals the fractional dimension for odd-dimensional oscillators.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phAnnals Phys.(2026)·0 citations
20. 20*

    Effects of New Forces on Scalar Dark Matter Solitons

    Alize Sucsuzer🇺🇸 · Mark P. Hertzberg🇺🇸 · Michiru Uwabo-Niibo🇰🇷

    New long range forces acting on ordinary matter are highly constrained. However it is possible such forces act on dark matter, as it is less constrained observationally. In this work, we consider dark matter to be made of light bosons, such as axions. We introduce a mediator that communicates a new force between dark matter particles, in addition to gravity. The mediator is taken to be light, but not massless, so that it can affect small scale galactic behavior, but not current cosmological behavior. As a concrete application of this idea, we analyze the effects on scalar dark matter solitons bound by gravitation, i.e., boson stars, which have been claimed to potentially provide cores of galaxies. We numerically determine the soliton's profiles in the presence of this new force. We also extend the analysis to multiple mediators. We show that this new force alters the relation between core density and core radius in a way that can provide improvement in fitting data to observed galactic cores, but for couplings of order the gravitational strength, the improvement is only modest.

    ↳ astro-ph.COastro-ph.GAgr-qchep-ph+1PRD(2026)·0 citations
21. 21*

    Cosmological Constraints on the Phenomenological Interacting Dark Energy Model with Fermi Gamma-Ray Bursts and DESI DR2

    Ziyan Zhu🇨🇳 · Qingquan Jiang🇨🇳 · Yu Liu🇨🇳 · Puxun Wu🇨🇳 · Nan Liang🇨🇳

    In this work, we constrain the phenomenological interacting dark energy (IDE) model using \emph{Fermi} gamma-ray burst (GRB) dataset and the latest baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2 (DR2). Through a joint Bayesian analysis, we perform a cosmological comparative assessment of the $\Lambda$CDM, $w$CDM, and CPL models with the phenomenological IDE model. For the phenomenological IDE model in a flat universe with \emph{Fermi} samples and DESI DR2, we obtain: $\xi =2.63_{-0.52}^{+0.63}$, $\xi +3w_X=-0.98_{-2.07}^{+1.90}$ with the GOLD sample ($1.4\le z\le 5.6$) and $\xi =2.83_{-0.58}^{+0.63}$, $\xi +3w_X=0.03_{-1.33}^{+1.35}$ with the FULL sample ($1.4\le z\le 8.2$), respectively. Our analysis shows that the $\Lambda$CDM model without interaction ($\xi =3$, $\xi +3w_X=0$) is consistent with the latest \emph{Fermi} sample and DESI DR2 at $1\sigma$ confidence level. We find no significant deviations from the standard model using AIC and BIC criterias.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJHEAp(2026)·11 citations
22. 22*

    Dark Matter-Dark Radiation Interactions and the Hubble Tension

    Manuel A. Buen-Abad🇺🇸 · Zackaria Chacko🇺🇸 · Ina Flood🇺🇸 · Can Kilic🇺🇸 · Gustavo Marques-Tavares🇺🇸 · Taewook Youn🇺🇸

    Models in which a subcomponent of dark matter interacts with dark radiation have been proposed as a solution to the Hubble tension. In this framework, the interacting subcomponent of dark matter is in thermal equilibrium with the dark radiation in the early universe, but decouples from it around the time of matter-radiation equality. We study this general class of models and evaluate the quality of fit to recent cosmological data on the cosmic microwave background (from Planck 2018 and ACT DR6), baryon acoustic oscillations, large-scale structure, supernovae type Ia, and Cepheid variables. We focus on three benchmark scenarios that differ in the rate at which the dark matter decouples from the dark radiation, resulting in different patterns of dark acoustic oscillations. Fitting without ACT DR6 data, we find that all three scenarios significantly reduce the Hubble tension relative to $\Lambda$CDM, with an exponentially fast decoupling being the most preferred. The tension is reduced to less than $2\sigma$ in fits that don't include the SH0ES collaboration results as part of the data and to less than $1\sigma$ when these are included. When ACT DR6 data is included, the fit is significantly worsened. We find that the largest $H_0$ value at the $95\%$ confidence region is $70.1$ km/s/Mpc without the SH0ES data, leading to only a mild reduction in the tension. This increases to $72.5$ km/s/Mpc, corresponding to a reduction in the tension to less than $3\sigma$, if the SH0ES results are included in the fit.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-ph12 citations
23. 23*

    Generalized Three-Family Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Models from Type IIA Intersecting D6-Branes

    Tianjun Li🇨🇳 · Qi Sun🇨🇳 · Rui Sun🇨🇳 · Lina Wu🇨🇳

    Generalizing three-family chiral fermion conditions to $I_{ac}=-(3+h)$ and $I_{a{c}^{\prime }}=h$, with positive integer $h$, we extend the landscape of three-family $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models in a broader region. Differing from the former investigation with $I_{ac}=-3$ and $I_{a{c}^{\prime }}=0$, we do not restrict that the $a$ stack of D6-branes must be parallel to the orientifold image of the $c$-stack along one of the three two-tori. In this investigation, without the simple parallel construction, we find four new classes of supersymmetric Pati-Salam models that are allowed by the extended three generation condition with $I_{ac}=3,I_{a{c}^{\prime }}=-6$ and $I_{ac}=-1,I_{a{c}^{\prime }}=-2$ through the intersections of $a$- and $c/c^{\prime }$-branes. Moreover, with the $SU(2{)}_{L^{\prime }}$ gauge coupling realized from $SU(2{)}_{L_1}\times SU(2{)}_{L_2}$ symmetry breaking, the canonical normalization requirement of the gauge kinetic term provides an alternative approach that can be imposed before the renormalization group equation evolution for $SU(2{)}_{L^{\prime }}$ gauge coupling. This turns out to be an effective mechanism to realize the string-scale gauge coupling relation, especially for the new supersymmetric Pati-Salam models with large $g_b/g_a$ ratio. We show that this symmetry-breaking modified renormalization group evolution can highly suppress $g_b/g_a$, and finally realizes string-scale gauge coupling relations for the extended supersymmetric Pati-Salam models as well.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2026)·1 citation
24. 24*

    Quantum artificial intelligence for pattern recognition at high-energy colliders: Tales of Three "Quantum's"

    Hideki Okawa🇨🇳

    Quantum computing applications are an emerging field in high-energy physics. Its ambitious fusion with artificial intelligence is expected to deliver significant efficiency gains over existing methods and/or enable computation from a fundamentally different perspective. High-energy physics is a big data science that utilizes large-scale facilities, detectors, high-performance computing, and its worldwide networks. The experimental workflow consumes a significant amount of computing resources, and its annual cost will continue to grow exponentially at future colliders. In particular, pattern recognition is one of the most crucial and computationally intensive tasks. Three types of quantum computing technologies, i.e., quantum gates, quantum annealing, and quantum-inspired, are all actively investigated for high-energy physics applications, and each has its pros and cons. This article reviews the current status of quantum computing applications for pattern recognition at high-energy colliders.

    ↳ quant-phhep-exhep-ph1 citation
25. 25*

    Growth of Cosmic Strings with Field-Dependent Tension

    Luca Brunelli🇮🇹

    A novel mechanism to produce a cosmic network of fundamental superstrings based on a time-varying string tension has been recently proposed. It has been found that fundamental superstrings can grow in a kinating background driven by the rolling of the volume modulus of Type IIB string compactifications towards the minimum of its potential. In this talk, I will generalise this analysis using dynamical systems techniques. First, I will analyse the cosmological growth of strings with a field-dependent tension in a Universe filled with a perfect fluid, finding a growth region in the phase space of this system. This machinery is then applied to both fundamental superstrings and effective strings obtained from wrapping $p$-branes on $(p-1)$- dimensional cycles. I will show how cosmological growth can be achieved in both cases not only in kinating backgrounds, but also in scaling fixed points. This talk is based on arXiv:2502.14953.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPoS(2026)·2 citations
26. 26*

    Hybrid-spin decoupling for noise-resilient DC quantum sensing

    So Chigusa🇺🇸 · Masashi Hazumi🇯🇵 · Ernst David Herbschleb🇯🇵 · Yuichiro Matsuzaki🇯🇵 · Norikazu Mizuochi🇯🇵 · Kazunori Nakayama🇯🇵

    The excellent sensitivities of quantum sensors are a double-edged sword: minuscule quantities can be observed, but any undesired signal acts as noise. This is challenging when detecting quantities that are obscured by such noise. Decoupling sequences improve coherence times and hence sensitivities, though only AC signals in narrow frequency bands are distinguishable. Alternatively, comagnetometers operate gaseous spin mixtures at high temperatures in the self-compensating regime to counteract slowly varying noise. These are applied with great success in various exotic spin-interaction searches. Here, we propose a method that decouples specific DC fields from DC and AC magnetic noise. It requires any spin cluster where the effect on each individual spin is different for the target field and local magnetic fields, which allows for a different approach compared to comagnetometers. The presented method has several key advantages, including an orders-of-magnitude increase in noise frequencies to which we are resistant. We explore electron-spin nuclear-spin pairs in nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond, with a focus on their merit for light dark-matter searches. Other applications include gradient sensing, quantum memory, and gyroscopes.

    ↳ quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-exhep-ph0 citations
27. 27*

    EFT meets CFT: Multiloop renormalization of higher-dimensional operators in general ${\varphi }^4$ theories

    Johan Henriksson🇨🇭 · Stefanos R. Kousvos🇮🇹 · Jasper Roosmale Nepveu🇹🇼

    The renormalization of composite operators is a fundamental aspect of quantum field theory, relevant for the description of phase transitions and high energy phenomenology. We calculate the anomalous dimensions of a large set of operators in any scalar ${\varphi }^4$ theory in $d=4-\epsilon$ dimensions, up to five loops in most cases. The results have applications in both effective field theory (EFT) and conformal field theory (CFT). As an EFT application, we extract the five-loop renormalization group (RG) equations of the Higgs sector of the Standard Model EFT at dimension six, and up to two loops at dimension eight, aligning our operator basis with custodial symmetry violation. Additionally, for CFT, by resumming the $\epsilon$-expanded results at the fixed-point, we determine the entire low-lying spectrum (i.e. up to dimension six and Lorentz rank two) of the Ising, $O(n)$ and hypercubic scalar CFTs. Our work enables future conformal bootstrap studies for numerous theories of interest. We include introductions to EFT and CFT, and we illustrate our method and the structure in RG mixing matrices in several illuminating examples, which may also be of general interest. All results in the general theory are publicly available and we describe a systematic path towards applying them to more complicated CFTs.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-phJHEP(2026)·21 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.