Tue·Nov 11, 2025Tuesday·November 11, 2025

1. 01*

   Exploring Anisotropic Effects in Magnetized Quark Matter

   S.A. Ferraris🇦🇷 · J.P. Carlomagno🇦🇷 · G.A. Contrera🇦🇷 · A.G. Grunfeld🇦🇷

   We investigate the thermodynamic properties of cold magnetized quark matter within a nonlocal Nambu Jona Lasinio (nlNJL) model. Our study addresses the equation of state, anisotropic pressures, quark density, speed of sound, and magnetic susceptibility, with direct comparison to the chiral limit. Strong magnetic fields are found to generate marked anisotropy: the longitudinal pressure and speed of sound are enhanced, approaching the causal bound in the lowest Landau-level (LLL) regime, while the transverse components are systematically reduced. The quark density exhibits magnetic catalysis, increasing with both the chemical potential and the magnetic field strength. At moderate to high fields, the critical chemical potential decreases with increasing $eB$, signaling the occurrence of inverse magnetic catalysis at finite chemical potential ($\mu$IMC). Magnetic susceptibility displays oscillations around zero in low fields, driven by de Haas van Alphen like effects, and settles at positive values for strong fields, consistent with an overall growth of magnetization. Compared with the chiral limit, the inclusion of finite current quark masses does not modify the overall oscillatory behavior, but changes the nature of the Landau level transitions, which become weakly first order instead of second order.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·3 citations
2. 02*

   Chaotic Inflation RIDES Again

   Venus Keus🇮🇪 · Stephen F. King🇬🇧

   Following the recent Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) results, we revisit chaotic inflation based on a single complex scalar field with mass term $M^2|\Phi {|}^2$, which usually predicts a spectra index $n_s\approx 0.96$ but a too-large tensor to scalar ratio $r\approx 0.16$. With radiative corrections, the potential $M^2|\Phi {|}^2\ln \left(|\Phi {|}^2/{\Lambda }^2\right)$ induces spontaneous symmetry breaking near the scale $\Lambda$, yielding a Pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson which can play the role of a quintessence field, hence radiative inflation and dark energy (RIDE). Including a non-minimal coupling to gravity $\xi |\Phi {|}^2{R}^2$ reduces $r$, allowing a good fit of the RIDE model to Planck data. Allowing a small additional quartic coupling correction $\lambda |\Phi {|}^4$ increases both $n_s$ and $r$, with a good fit to ACT data sets achieved for $\xi \approx 1$.

   hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qchep-thJHEP(2026)·3 citations
3. 03*

   Discovery Prospects for a Leptophilic Gauge Boson $Z_{\ell }$ at CEPC and ILC

   Seyit Okan Kara🇹🇷

   We investigate the discovery prospects of a leptophilic gauge boson Z_l at future $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders, focusing on a comparative study of the Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC). This state can arise from an additional U(1)'_l gauge symmetry under which quarks are neutral and all leptons have a universal charge, motivated by neutrino oscillations and physics beyond the Standard Model. As a clean benchmark we study $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ including realistic initial state radiation (ISR) and beamstrahlung. We find that CEPC at sqrt(s)=240 GeV can probe couplings down to $g_l\sim 10^{-3}$ for $Z_l$ masses up to about 220 GeV, while the ILC extends the sensitivity to heavier states in the multi-hundred GeV range through its higher sqrt(s) stages. These results highlight the complementarity of circular and linear colliders in testing purely leptophilic interactions. Published in Chinese Physics C 50 (2026) 033104. DOI: 10.1088/1674-1137/ae1de4

   hep-phhep-exCPC(2026)·1 citation
4. 04*

   Accessing baryon-antibaryon generalized distribution amplitudes in $e^{\pm }\gamma \to e^{\pm }B\bar{B}$

   Jing Han🇨🇳 · Bernard Pire🇫🇷 · Qin-Tao Song🇨🇳

   ${\gamma }^{\ast }\gamma \to B\bar{B}$ is the golden process to access chiral-even di-baryon generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) as deeply virtual Compton scattering has proven to be for the generalized parton distributions. In the framework of colinear QCD factorization where the leading twist amplitude is the convolution of GDAs and a perturbatively calculable coefficient function, we study the scattering amplitude for the baryonic channels where $B$ is a spin $1/2$ baryon such as the nucleon or hyperon $\Lambda ,\Sigma$. Taking into account the interfering QED amplitude, we calculate the cross section of the $e^{\pm }\gamma \to e^{\pm }B\bar{B}$ process that can be experimentally studied in $e^{-}{e}^{+}$ as well as in electron-ion facilities. We explore both the final state polarization summed case and the polarization dependent effects. Numerical estimates are presented for $e^{-}\gamma \to e^{-}p\bar{p}$, using motivated models for GDAs. Our results show that a first extraction of baryon-antibaryon GDAs from experimental measurements is feasible at Belle II.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2026)·2 citations
5. 05*

   An anomaly-free leptophilic $U(1{)}_{\ell }^{\prime }$ completion of the Standard Model

   Seyit Okan Kara🇹🇷

   We develop a minimal and fully anomaly-free realization of a universal leptophilic $U(1{)}_{\ell }^{\prime }$ gauge symmetry, under which all Standard-Model leptons carry a common charge while quarks remain neutral. Gauge consistency is restored by introducing one vectorlike lepton family and singlet scalars whose vacuum expectation values both break $U(1{)}_{\ell }^{\prime }$ and generate masses for the new gauge boson $Z_{\ell }$ and the heavy leptons. We derive compact anomaly-cancellation conditions, closed-form $Z_{\ell }$ couplings and decay widths, and the structure of gauge--kinetic mixing, including the trace condition $\mathrm{Tr}(Y{Q}^{\prime })=0$ that suppresses radiative mixing. The setup naturally embeds a type-I seesaw for neutrino masses and provides a stable singlet field as a minimal dark-matter candidate. Collider and precision constraints are expressed analytically over the full parameter space, covering pure leptophilic production, small-mixing hadron colliders, and the contact-interaction limit $M_{Z_{\ell }}\gg \sqrt{s}$. The model therefore provides a single, internally consistent benchmark that unifies gauge, scalar, Yukawa, neutrino, and dark-matter sectors, and is directly suited for global data recasts and targeted searches at future lepton and hadron colliders.

   hep-phhep-ex2 citations
6. 06*

   Predictions for CP violation in anti-triplet beauty baryon to charmonium decays

   Jin Sun🇰🇷 · Zhi-Peng Xing🇨🇳 · Xiao-Gang He🇨🇳

   Motivated by the recent 3.9$\sigma$ evidence for CP violation from the LHCb collaboration in decays of an anti-triplet beauty baryon to a charmonium, an octet baryon, and a pseudoscalar meson, we perform, for the first time, a systematic analysis of this class of decays within the framework of flavor $SU(3)$ symmetry. Several predictions for branching ratios and CP violating relations which can be tested in future experiments are found, in particular $\Delta A_{CP}=A_{CP}({\Lambda }_b^0\to p{\pi }^{-}J/\psi )-A_{CP}({\Lambda }_b^0\to p{K}^{-}J/\psi )=A_{CP}({\Lambda }_b^0\to n{\pi }^{0}J/\psi )-A_{CP}({\Lambda }_b^0\to (n{K}_S,n{K}_L)J/\psi )$. Our results provide guidance to test the availability of $SU(3)$ symmetry and search for possible CP violation effects in this class of decays.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Phenomenology of the Minimal Scale Invariant Two-Higgs-Doublet Model

   Nabil Baouche (U. Jijel)🇩🇿 · Amine Ahriche (U. Sharjah)🇦🇪

   We perform a comprehensive phenomenological analysis of the Scale Invariant Two Higgs Doublet Model (\textit{SI2HDM})~\cite{Lee:2012jn}. In this framework, the electroweak symmetry breaking is triggered radiatively, and the entire scalar mass spectrum, including that of the $125$ \textrm{GeV} Higgs boson, is generated at the one loop level. After imposing stringent theoretical and experimental constraints, a highly constrained viable parameter space is identified, where the SM-like Higgs mass is purely radiative. The model predicts substantial suppression in the triple Higgs couplings and the di-Higgs production cross section at the LHC13, which can be reduced by up to $45.5\%$ compared to the Standard Model prediction.

   hep-phhep-ex1 citation
8. 08*

   RG evolution and effect of intermediate new-physics on $\Delta B=1$ four-fermion operators

   Mathew Thomas Arun🇮🇳 · Shyam M🇮🇳 · Ritik Pal🇮🇳

   Motivated by the stringent experimental bounds on proton lifetime and the need for precise low-energy predictions, there has been renewed interest in the renormalization group (RG) evolution of Wilson coefficients for baryon number violating (BNV) operators and their characteristic new-physics scales. In this work, we analyze the RG running of dimension-6 four-fermion operators in the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme that mediate nucleon decay channels such as $p\to e^{+}{\pi }^0$, while systematically accounting for the impact of baryon number conserving (BNC) new-physics that can enter the theory at an intermediate scale as higher-dimensional effective field theory operator. These BNC operators mix with BNV ones at 1-loop and alter the RG flow. The running is performed from the electroweak scale up to representative intermediate scales of $10^4\text{GeV}$, $10^6\text{GeV}$, and $10^9\text{GeV}$, corresponding to possible thresholds for new BNC degrees of freedom. Comparing the RG evolved coefficients with current experimental bounds on nucleon decay lifetimes, we find that the inclusion of BNC-BNV mixing, dominated by top quark loops, can significantly lower the effective proton decay scale to $\sim 10^7$ GeV, thus mitigating the need of a large desert. A Python package is provided to facilitate the RG evolution of nucleon-decay Wilson coefficients, allowing for the inclusion of generic BNC effects.

   hep-phJHEP(2026)·2 citations
9. 09*

   Sensitivity of Hyper-Kamiokande to sub-eV Sterile Neutrinos

   Emilse Cabrera🇧🇷 · Arman Esmaili🇧🇷 · Hiroshi Nunokawa🇧🇷 · Ana Maria Garcia Trzeciak🇧🇷

   In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) to light sterile neutrinos within the $(3+1)$ framework, consisting of three active and one sterile neutrino state. We focus on the regime where the new mass-squared splitting satisfies $\Delta m_{41}^2\lesssim 1$ eV${}^2$, a parameter space complementary to short-baseline sterile-neutrino searches. Using both accelerator and atmospheric neutrino samples, we evaluate the expected capability of Hyper-K to constrain active-sterile mixing. Our results show that Hyper-K can significantly improve current bounds on sterile-neutrino parameters and achieve sensitivity that is competitive with that of future dedicated experiments.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·3 citations
10. 10*

    Natural Realization of Tens-of-GeV Dark Matter in the GNMSSM

    Fei Li🇨🇳 · Junjie Cao🇨🇳

    This study presents a comparative analysis of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the $Z_3$-symmetric Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model ($Z_3$-NMSSM), and the General Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (GNMSSM), incorporating constraints from dark matter (DM) relic density, the LUX-ZEPLIN 2024 experiment (LZ 2024), Higgs data, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The results suggest that, among the three frameworks, only GNMSSM can naturally accommodate for light DM with a mass below $100\mathrm{GeV}$. As such, the viable supersymmetry candidate is primarily Singlino-like. One key advantage of the GNMSSM is the effective decoupling between interactions that establish the relic density and those that control direct detection, allowing the model to satisfy all current experimental bounds simultaneously. We further explore two characteristic mass hierarchies in the GNMSSM parameter space, each exhibiting distinct phenomenological behaviors. The first hierarchy, $\tilde{S}<\tilde{B}<\tilde{H}$ (Singlino--Bino--Higgsino), involves a relatively light Bino and allows the Higgsino mass parameter, ${\mu }_{\mathrm{tot}}$, to be as low as about $200\mathrm{GeV}$, naturally yielding light DM at tens of GeV. The dominant annihilation channels are then ${\tilde{\chi }}_1^0{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0\to A_s{A}_s$ in the $h_1$ scenario and ${\tilde{\chi }}_1^0{\tilde{\chi }}_1^0\to h_s{A}_s$ in the $h_2$ scenario, where $h_s$ and $A_s$ denote singlet-dominated CP-even and CP-odd Higgs bosons, respectively. The second hierarchy, $\tilde{S}<\tilde{H}<\tilde{B}$, corresponds to a heavy Bino. In this case, although the DM phenomenology remains qualitatively similar, LHC constraints require ${\mu }_{\mathrm{tot}}\gtrsim 900\mathrm{GeV}$, implying a significant degree of fine-tuning in reproducing the $Z$-boson mass.

    hep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
11. 11*

    Testing Higgs $CP$ properties at the CEPC with an additional ISR parameter

    Alexey Drutskoy🇷🇺 · Egor Vasenin🇷🇺

    We evaluate the experimental sensitivity to the $CP$-odd admixture in the standard Higgs boson for the process $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to HZ$. The analysis is performed assuming the future lepton collider CEPC reference detector operating at $\sqrt{s}=240\text{GeV}$ with statistics of $5.6{\text{ab}}^{-1}$. Using the WHIZARD generator with the Higgs Characterisation model and the DELPHES detector simulation framework we obtain data samples for different $CP$-odd Higgs admixture parameters ${\tilde{c}}_{ZZ}$. The initial state radiation effects are taken into account in WHIZARD. We develop a novel data-analysis method that exploits the ISR-induced shift in the reconstructed event energy $E_{\text{RECO}}$ as an additional source of information on the Higgs $CP$ structure. The method combines the ISR-sensitive event-energy information with three angular observables in a multidimensional likelihood analysis. The expected upper limit on the CP-odd Higgs admixture is improved by 15% compared with the standard analysis based on three angular variables.

    hep-phhep-exDrutskoy, A., Vasenin, E. Testing Higgs C…·0 citations
12. 12*

    Flavor from Consistency: Axion, Anomaly Cancellation, and Emergent Unification

    Yang Hwan Ahn🇨🇳

    We present a framework for flavored grand unification theory (flavored-GUT) in string-derived supergravity based on $G_{\mathrm{SM}}\times SL(2,\mathbb{Z})\times U(1{)}_X\times U(1{)}_{B-L}$, where gravity is intrinsically incorporated. We show that anomaly cancellation and Standard Model gauge coupling unification act as fundamental consistency conditions that determine the flavor structure, rather than treating flavor as an independent input. Mixed $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$, $U(1{)}_X$, $U(1{)}_{B-L}$, and gravitational anomalies are shown to vanish, with the anomalies induced by Kähler transformations matched by those from chiral rotations of gauginos and the gravitino. For nontrivial $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ transformations of SM fermions, the anomaly-free conditions impose strong constraints on the quark and lepton flavor structures while leaving the strong CP phase unchanged. Quark and lepton mass hierarchies, mixing patterns, and the flavored Peccei-Quinn sector emerge from the same underlying structure. The consistency conditions fix the $U(1{)}_X$ breaking scale, identified with the Froggatt-Nielsen cutoff scale, thereby determining the QCD axion decay constant and predicting the axion mass $m_a=3.35\times 10^{-8}$ eV, while simultaneously constraining the seesaw scale and supersymmetry-breaking scale of $\mathcal{O}(10)$TeV. We further show that the flavored-GUT framework provides a possible resolution of the axion quality problem and that the modulus vacuum expectation value stabilizes near $⟨\tau ⟩\approx i$, where the exact $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ ($T$-duality) is spontaneously broken. Our results establish a predictive framework linking flavor physics, anomaly cancellation, gauge coupling unification, neutrino mass generation, and axion physics, without invoking a conventional simple unified gauge group.

    hep-phhep-exhep-th0 citations
13. 13*

    Analytical Inverse QCD Coupling Constant approach and its result for ${\alpha }_s$

    Malaspina R.🇮🇹 · Pierini L.🇮🇹 · Shekhovtsova O.🇺🇦 · Pacetti S🇮🇹

    We propose a model for the QCD running coupling constant based on the Analytical Inverse QCD Coupling Constant concept with an additional regularization in the low momentum region. Analyticity in the $q^2$-complex plane, where $q$ is the 4-momentum transfer, is imposed by methods of the Analytic Perturbation Theory. The model incorporates a peculiar low-momentum behavior for ${\alpha }_s(q^2)$ as a divergence at $q^2=0$ to retrieve color confinement, without spoiling its correct high-momentum behavior. This was achieved by means of a two-parameter regularization function, for which we considered three possible analytic expressions. In fact, in the framework of the Analytic Perturbation Theory, ${\alpha }_s(q^2)$ assumes a finite value for $q^2=0$, at all perturbative orders (\emph{infrared stability}), hence the infrared divergence can not be implemented. For this reason, we found it more straightforward to work with its reciprocal, namely ${\epsilon }_s(q^2)=1/{\alpha }_s(q^2)$, imposing its vanishing at the origin of the $q^2$-complex plane via the multiplication of the aforementioned regularizing functions to the spectral density. Once the two free parameters of the regularization functions are settled by fitting to the experimental values of ${\alpha }_s(q^2)$ at the momenta where these data are available and reliable, the model can reproduce the QCD running coupling constant at any other momentum transferred.} \\ \noindent \textbf{Keywords: }APT, Analytical Inverse QCD coupling constant ICC, regularization functions, ${\alpha }_s(M_Z^2)$.

    hep-phParticles(2024)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Exploring the role of higher $\omega$ meson states in the $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to b_1(1235)\pi$ process

    Zhao-Yang Wu🇨🇳 · Zi-Yue Bai🇨🇳 · Li-Ming Wang🇨🇳

    The properties of light vector mesons near 2.2 GeV remain poorly understood, impeding progress in mapping the higher-lying hadronic spectrum. Utilizing the newly released BESIII data on the Born cross sections for the process of $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to b_1(1235)\pi$, we conduct a combined analysis incorporating theoretical predictions for the mass spectrum and decay properties of $\omega$-meson family. Our fit demonstrates that the enhancement structure near 2.2 GeV originates not from a single resonance, but from the significant interference between the $\omega (4S)$ and $\omega (3D)$ states, which have comparable contributions. This interpretation resolves the apparent discrepancy in the resonance parameters and yields values consistent with theoretical expectations. Our work provides a key interpretation of the vector enhancement structure and establishes a vital framework for identifying higher radial and orbital excitations in the $\omega$ meson family, thereby advancing the mapping of the light-hadron spectrum.

    hep-ph0 citations
15. 15*

    Quenching of polarized jets

    Wen-Hao Yao🇨🇳 · Xiaowen Li🇨🇳 · Hui Dong🇨🇳 · Shu-Yi Wei🇨🇳

    Jets produced in association with a $Z^0$ or $W^{\pm }$ boson in hadronic collisions are automatically polarized due to the parity violation of weak interaction, making these processes ideal for understanding the spin transfer from polarized partons to polarized hadrons. Furthermore, leveraging this feature, we can also employ the weak-boson-tagged process to study the quenching phenomenon of polarized jets, an aspect that has rarely been discussed in the literature. In this work, we compute the polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons in $pp$ collisions and investigate the nuclear modification due to the jet-medium interaction in $AA$ collisions. Our results highlight this process as a valuable probe of polarized parton hadronization and of spin-dependent medium effects in the QGP.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2026)·1 citation
16. 16*

    Azimuthal Modulations in Photon-Induced Processes

    Ya-jin Zhou🇨🇳

    We review recent theoretical developments and experimental measurements of azimuthal modulations in photon-induced processes, covering both ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions (UPCs) and $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders. The azimuthal asymmetries $\cos (n\varphi )$ ($n=1,2,3,4$) serve as precision diagnostics that probe the linear polarization of coherent photons, final-state soft radiation effects, and quantum interference phenomena at the femtometer scale. In UPCs, we discuss dilepton production, diffractive dijet and vector meson production, where theoretical predictions show excellent agreement with STAR, ALICE, and CMS measurements. The unique double-slit interference effect in nucleus-nucleus collisions plays a crucial role in describing experimental observations. At $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders, $\gamma \gamma \to \pi \pi$ azimuthal asymmetries enable the direct extraction of helicity amplitude phases, with important implications for hadronic light-by-light scattering and the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Azimuthal modulations establish a powerful tool for multi-dimensional nuclear imaging and precision QED/QCD tests.

    hep-phhep-ex0 citations
17. 17*

    Neural Fake Factor Estimation Using Data-Based Inference

    Jan Gavranovič🇸🇮 · Lara Čalić🇸🇪 · Jernej Debevc🇸🇮 · Else Lytken🇸🇪 · Borut Paul Kerševan🇸🇮

    In a high-energy physics data analysis, the term "fake" backgrounds refers to events that would formally not satisfy the (signal) process selection criteria, but are accepted nonetheless due to mis-reconstructed particles. This can occur, e.g., when leptons from secondary decays are incorrectly identified as originating from the hard-scatter interaction point (known as non-prompt leptons), or when other physics objects, such as hadronic jets, are mistakenly reconstructed as leptons (resulting in mis-identified leptons). These fake leptons are usually estimated using data-driven techniques, one of the most common being the Fake Factor method. This method relies on predicting the fake lepton contribution by reweighting data events, using a scale factor (i.e. fake factor) function. Traditionally, fake factors have been estimated by histogramming and computing the ratio of two data distributions, typically as functions of a few relevant physics variables such as the transverse momentum $p_{\text{T}}$ and pseudorapidity $\eta$. In this work, we introduce a novel approach of fake factor calculation, based on density ratio estimation using neural networks trained directly on data in a higher-dimensional feature space. We show that our method enables the computation of a continuous, unbinned fake factor on a per event basis, offering a more flexible, precise, and higher-dimensional alternative to the conventional method, making it applicable to a wide range of analyses. A simple LHC open data analysis we implemented confirms the feasibility of the method and demonstrates that the ML-based fake factor provides smoother, more stable estimates across the phase space than traditional methods, reducing binning artifacts and improving extrapolation to signal regions.

    hep-phJHEP(2026)·0 citations
18. 18*

    Vector Leptoquark Mediated Leptonic Decay of the Charged $B$-Meson

    M.Omar Nadeem🇵🇰 · Arslan Sikandar🇵🇰

    We study the purely leptonic decay of the charged $B$-meson within the $U_1$ Vector Leptoquark model at both leading-order and with one-loop QCD corrections. The structure of this amplitude is characterised by direct quark-lepton couplings which allow for lepton flavour universality violation (LFUV) and additional loop-level topologies. The leptoquark channel contributions to the $B$-meson decay constant are computed and accommodated in its lattice-improved uncertainty bounds by constraining the parameter space of this model in two distinct new-physics scenarios. Under these constraints, we provide predictions for both the LFUV and non-LFUV contributions to the branching fractions of this decay.

    hep-ph0 citations
19. 19*

    Beyond Universality: Probing Lepton Flavor in the SMEFT

    Cornelius Grunwald🇩🇪 · Gudrun Hiller🇩🇪 · Kevin Kröninger🇩🇪 · Lara Nollen🇩🇪

    We present a global analysis of lepton-flavor-specific operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), combining data from collider and flavor physics experiments. We systematically explore various lepton-flavor scenarios, including flavor-specific, universal, and democratic patterns, while employing a minimal flavor violation (MFV) ansatz in the quark sector. We constrain a set of 17 dimension-six SMEFT operators using a Bayesian fitting approach. Our analysis yields stringent bounds on the Wilson coefficients, probing new physics scales up to $\mathcal{O}(1000)$\,TeV. The strongest constraints are obtained in lepton-flavor universal and lepton-flavor democratic scenarios, in particular for the electroweak dipole operators. We further provide posterior-based predictions for $B\to K^{(\ast )}\nu \bar{\nu }$ and $B\to (\pi ,\rho )\nu \bar{\nu }$ decays, highlighting their role as probes of the MFV hypothesis in upcoming Belle II measurements. Our results demonstrate the complementarity of collider and flavor observables, the impact of flavor assumptions on global SMEFT fits, and establish robust limits on extensions of the Standard Model in the lepton sector.

    hep-phhep-ex3 citations
20. 20*

    Isotone Chain Study of $\bar{p}$-atom spectroscopy and Strong Spin-orbit splittings

    Kenta Yoshimura🇯🇵 · Shunsuke Yasunaga🇯🇵 · Daisuke Jido🇯🇵 · Hiroyuki Fujioka🇯🇵

    Antiprotonic atoms have served as a pivotal tool for investigating the properties of baryon-baryon interactions, including their spin dependence. Examining the spin-orbit splittings induced by their strong interactions also could help clarify the nature of the $\bar{p}$-nucleus interactions and their fraction mediated by scalar and vector mesons. Although the strong spin-orbit splittings for a certain nucleus have been observed experimentally, thorough theoretical investigations have not yet been conducted. In this study, theoretical calculations based on the Dirac equation are systematically performed for nuclei along several isotone ``chains''. As a result, it is found that the magnitude of the strong spin-orbit splittings exhibits a significant dependence not only on the corresponding level shifts and widths almost linearly, but also on whether the optical potential enters as a vector or scalar potential. A simple perturbative analysis indicates that the relativistic corrections have a dominant effect the magnitude of the splittings. These results are expected to provide deeper insights into $\bar{p}$-nucleus interactions, and by extension baryon-baryon interactions, as well as into the properties of the mesons that mediate them.

    hep-phnucl-thPTEP(2026)·0 citations
21. 21*

    Bridging the divide: axion searches and axino phenomenology at colliders

    Gabe Hoshino🇺🇸 · Kristin Dona🇺🇸 · Keisuke Harigaya🇺🇸 · David W. Miller🇺🇸 · Jan T. Offermann🇺🇸 · Bianca Pol🇺🇸 · Benjamin Rosser🇺🇸

    We discuss a phenomenological model that extends the minimal supersymmetric standard model to contain axions and their supersymmetric partner, the axino. In the supersymmetric DFSZ axion model, the axino has tree level couplings to the higgs sector. In the case where $R$-parity is conserved, collider experiments may be sensitive to displaced decays of heavier neutralino states into lighter, mostly axino states. We present a sensitivity analysis using a model in which mostly higgsino next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle states decay into a mostly axino lightest supersymmetric particle. The model is studied using Monte Carlo simulation produced using $\text{MadGraph}$ and estimates of experimental sensitivities to the model, including detector simulation and kinematic selections, are evaluated using the $\text{MadAnalysis5}$ framework. For a higgsino mass below 1 TeV, the axion decay constant below $f_a<10^{11}$ GeV can be effectively probed by the Large Hadron Collider with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb${}^{-1}$. This work demonstrates that supersymmetric DFSZ axion models can be studied with existing collider experiments, offering complementary sensitivity to direct-detection and astrophysical searches and paving the way for broader exploration of supersymmetric axion scenarios.

    hep-phhep-ex4 citations
22. 22*

    Phases and properties of color superconductors

    Andreas Schmitt🇬🇧

    Cold and dense matter is expected to be in a color-superconducting state. Here we review two calculations, relevant for fundamental properties and applications of color superconductivity, respectively: the weak-coupling QCD calculation of the fermionic energy gap together with the magnetic screening masses of the gauge bosons, and the calculation of bulk viscosity from a non-leptonic electroweak process. These calculations are supplemented by a discussion of color superconductors with mismatched Fermi momenta, and they are embedded in the context of the state of the art by giving an overview of previous and ongoing work and future directions.

    hep-phcond-mat.supr-connucl-th9 citations
23. 23*

    Transverse-momentum resummation at mixed QCD$\otimes$QED NNLL accuracy for Z boson production at hadron colliders

    Andrea Autieri🇪🇸 · Stefano Camarda🇨🇭 · Leandro Cieri🇪🇸 · Giancarlo Ferrera🇮🇹 · German Sborlini🇪🇸

    We consider the transverse momentum ($q_T$) distribution of neutral charged bosons at hadron colliders. We perform the resummation of the logarithmically-enhanced effects due to simultaneous QCD and QED initial-state radiation, up to mixed next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy. We study the impact of such mixed QCD$\otimes$QED resummed contributions on top of pure QCD corrections, finding percent-level effects.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2026)·2 citations
24. 24*

    Radiative corrections to $\tau \to \pi \pi {\nu }_{\tau }$

    Gilberto Colangelo🇨🇭 · Martina Cottini🇨🇭 · Martin Hoferichter🇨🇭 · Simon Holz🇨🇭

    Hadronic $\tau$ decays present an opportunity to determine the isovector part of the hadronic-vacuum-polarization contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in a way complementary to $e^{+}{e}^{-}\to \text{hadrons}$ cross sections. However, the required isospin rotation is only exact in the isospin limit, and corrections need to be under control to draw robust conclusions, most notably for $\tau \to \pi \pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ decays to determine the two-pion contribution, $a_{\mu }^{\text{HVP, LO}}[\pi \pi ,\tau ]$. In this work, we present a novel analysis of the required radiative corrections using dispersion relations, thereby extending in a model-independent way the previous analysis in chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) beyond the threshold region. In particular, we include the dominant structure-dependent virtual corrections from pion-pole diagrams, leading to sizable changes in the vicinity of the $\rho (770)$ resonance. Moreover, we work out the matching to ChPT and devise a strategy for a stable numerical evaluation of real-emission contributions near the two-pion threshold, which proves important to capture isospin-breaking corrections enhanced by the threshold singularity. For the numerical analysis, we use a dispersive representation of the pion form factor including the ${\rho }^{\prime }$, ${\rho }^{\prime \prime }$ resonances, perform fits to the available data sets for the $\tau \to \pi \pi {\nu }_{\tau }$ spectral function, and calculate the corresponding radiative correction factor $G_{\text{EM}}(s)$ in a self-consistent manner. Based on these results, we evaluate the $\tau$-specific isospin-breaking corrections to $a_{\mu }^{\text{HVP, LO}}[\pi \pi ,\tau ]$.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latnucl-thJHEP(2026)·17 citations
25. 25*

    Galactic magnetic fields seeded by ultralight dark photons

    Joshua Berger🇺🇸 · Amit Bhoonah🇺🇸 · Joseph Bramante🇨🇦 · J. Leo Kim🇨🇦 · Ningqiang Song🇨🇳 · Lawrence M. Widrow🇨🇦

    In this work, we show that ultralight dark photons, which couple to the Standard Model photon through kinetic mixing, can potentially source galactic scale magnetic fields. Although these magnetic fields would be too weak to detect at present in galaxies due to plasma screening effects, we show that dark photons can provide the seed magnetic field strength ($10^{-20}$ G) required for dynamo amplification in galaxies. Such dynamo-amplified magnetic fields are consistent with observations of $\mu$G strength galactic magnetic fields.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAPRD(2026)·1 citation
26. 26*

    Rotating the Color Glass Condensate

    Renaud Boussarie🇫🇷 · Paul Caucal🇫🇷 · Piotr Korcyl🇵🇱 · Yacine Mehtar-Tani🇺🇸

    High-energy QCD evolution beyond leading order suffers from instabilities driven by large collinear logarithms. We present a framework, consistent with the standard high-energy operator product expansion (OPE), that restores perturbative stability order by order. The method involves a change of basis in the space of high-energy operators, which modifies both the evolution kernel and the coefficient functions while leaving physical observables invariant. Within this factorization scheme, we derive a next-to-leading-order renormalization-group equation whose numerical solution exhibits stable evolution up to large rapidities, paving the way for a systematic framework for precision studies of gluon saturation at current and future colliders.

    hep-phhep-thnucl-th5 citations
27. 27*

    Seasons of Dark Matter Freeze-In Shaped by the Weather of the Early Universe

    Francesco D'Eramo🇮🇹 · Alessandro Lenoci🇮🇱 · Tommaso Sassi🇮🇹

    Quantifying the imprints of freeze-in dark matter (DM) on cosmological structures requires knowledge of its phase-space distribution. We investigate how variations in the cosmological history before nucleosynthesis, the "weather" of that epoch, give rise to distinct "seasons" in the DM momentum distribution that govern its warmness. Studying decay-driven production across diverse cosmological histories, we map how these conditions shape DM phase-space properties. Our study quantifies how the early universe composition plays a key role in determining the mass bound on freeze-in DM.

    hep-phPRD(2026)·5 citations
28. 28*

    Quantum Calculations of the Cavity Shift in Electron Magnetic Moment Measurements

    Hannah Day🇺🇸 · Roni Harnik🇺🇸 · Yonatan Kahn🇨🇦 · Shashin Pavaskar🇺🇸 · Kevin Zhou🇺🇸

    The measurement of the anomalous electron magnetic moment $g-2$ through quantum transitions of a single trapped electron is the most stringent test of quantum field theory. These experiments are now so precise that they must account for the effects of the cavity containing the electron. Classical calculations of this "cavity shift" must subtract the electron's divergent self-field, and thus require knowledge of the exact Green's function for the cavity's electromagnetic field. We perform the first fully quantum calculation of the cavity shift in a closed cavity, which instead involves subtracting linearly divergent cavity mode sums and integrals. Using contour integration methods, we find perfect agreement with existing classical results for both spherical and cylindrical cavities, justifying their current use. Moreover, our mode-based results can be naturally generalized to account for systematic effects, necessary to push future measurements to the next order of magnitude in precision.

    hep-phhep-thphysics.atom-phquant-phJHEP(2026)·0 citations
29. 29*

    Information Criteria for Selecting Parton Distribution Function Solutions

    Aurore Courtoy🇲🇽 · Arturo Ibsen🇲🇽

    In data-driven determination of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) in global QCD analyses, uncovering the true underlying distributions is complicated by a highly convoluted inverse problem. The determination of PDFs can be understood as the inference of a function supported on $[0,1]$, a problem that admits multiple acceptable solutions. An ensemble of solutions exists that pass all standard goodness-of-fit criteria. In this paper, we propose algorithms for the classification, clustering, and selection of solutions to the determination of PDFs, or any functions on $[0,1]$, based on the characterization of their shape. We explore information-theoretic based (Rényi entropy and divergence) and optimal-transport based (Wasserstein distance) criteria. In particular, we advocate for the use of the Rényi entropy as an {\it absolute} estimator per solution, as opposed to {\it relative} estimators that compare solutions pairwise. We show that the Rényi entropy can characterize the space of solutions {\it w.r.t.} the PDF shapes. Paired with the identification of the optimal combination of solutions via Pareto fronts, it provides a plausible and minimalist selection algorithm. Moreover, Rényi entropy proves versatile for use in clustering applications.

    hep-phEPJC(2026)·3 citations
30. 30*

    Jet quenching in out-of-equilibrium QCD matter

    João Barata🇨🇭 · Kirill Boguslavski🇦🇹 · Florian Lindenbauer🇦🇹 · Andrey V. Sadofyev🇵🇹

    We present the first study of jet substructure modifications during the bottom-up evolution that describes the early stages of heavy-ion collisions. To this end, we study the bremsstrahlung radiation rate of soft gluons from a hard parton propagating through out-of-equilibrium QCD matter. The gluon spectrum is computed within the Improved Opacity Expansion, which accounts for both multiple soft and single hard momentum exchanges between the hard probe and the medium. The background evolution is obtained from effective kinetic theory simulations that determine the jet quenching parameter, which in turn controls the radiation rate. We compute the radiation rate for initially under- and over-occupied systems, as well as for an expanding system undergoing hydrodynamization, which typically represents the initial stages of heavy-ion collisions. The results for these dynamical backgrounds are compared to static and thermally matched scenarios, allowing to gauge the importance of bulk expansion in the evolution of the jet cascade. Our findings show that the early stages of the bulk matter evolution in heavy-ion collisions leave a sizable imprint on the radiation pattern inside jets. These results establish a basis for incorporating pre-equilibrium dynamics into realistic descriptions of jet quenching and hard-probe evolution.

    hep-phhep-exnucl-thPRD(2026)·9 citations
31. 31*

    Double Bangs at IceCube as a Window to the Neutrino Mass Origin

    Samiur R. Mir🇺🇸 · Carlos A. Argüelles🇺🇸 · K.S. Babu🇺🇸 · Vedran Brdar🇺🇸

    Neutrino oscillation parameters are subject to renormalization group (RG) evolution, just like all couplings and masses of Standard Model (SM) particles. Within the SM extended with three massive neutrinos, it is well known that RG running effects in the neutrino sector are small. However, the RG running of the elements of the leptonic mixing (PMNS) matrix below the electroweak symmetry breaking scale can be enhanced in the presence of light neutrinophilic new particles. In this work, using a particular low-scale neutrino mass model as an example, and by taking into account both atmospheric and astrophysical neutrino fluxes, we show that RG running of the PMNS matrix can lead to an increased number of high-energy tau neutrino events at IceCube. This excess manifests as an increased number of spatially displaced showers called ``double bangs". We find that the number of double bangs induced by new physics through RG effects can be comparable to that arising from SM interactions of astrophysical tau neutrinos.

    hep-phhep-exPLB(2026)·2 citations
32. 32*

    Grand Unification Higgs-${\mathcal{R}}^2$ Inflation: Complementarity between Proton Decay and CMB Observables

    Nilay Bostan🇹🇷 · Rafid H. Dejrah🇹🇷 · Anish Ghoshal🇵🇱

    We propose a predictive $SO(10)$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT) framework for cosmic inflation in the Palatini ${\mathcal{R}}^2$ formulation of gravity. In this model, a GUT Higgs field both drives inflation and induces intermediate-scale symmetry breaking, thereby linking primordial cosmology, gauge unification, and topological defect formation. A partial inflationary phase of $N_I\sim 10$--$17$ $e$-folds following monopole formation can dilute magnetic monopoles to abundances $Y_M\sim 10^{-35}$--$10^{-27}$. The model yields Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) predictions of $0.955\lesssim n_s\lesssim 0.974$, accommodating the tensions between Planck-BICEP ($n_s\approx 0.965$) and Planck+ACT ($n_s\approx 0.971$) via $\varphi <M$ and $\varphi >M$ branches repectively. The predicted tensor-to-scalar ratio $r\lesssim 8\times 10^{-4}$ lies within current observational constraints and is accessible to forthcoming experiments, including the Simons Observatory and LiteBIRD. The resulting correlations between the unification scale $M_U$, the inflationary observables $(n_s,r)$, and proton-decay lifetimes highlight a complementarity between CMB measurements and proton-decay searches, with regions of parameter space testable in forthcoming experiments such as Hyper-Kamiokande and DUNE.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·3 citations
33. 33*

    "Niñas Atómicas" (Atomic Girls): An initiative that generates opportunities for young girls in STEM

    Giovanna Cottin🇨🇱 · Francisca Garay🇨🇱

    We report on an initiative that seeks to encourage high school girls to develop critical thinking and transferable skills widely used in scientific work, as well as to generate a concrete space of opportunities for girls to experience how real science is done. Our "Niñas Atómicas" workshop combines the teaching of particle physics, electronics, programming and scientific methodology through building and operating a dedicated experiment: a muon counter. Girls from all over Chile can apply to this workshop, where every year they are guided by female scientists for two weeks. We report on the contents and methodology of our workshop and provide details on how to build the muon detector. We report results on muon flux and proper lifetime, two muon properties which can be extracted from the data collected by the girls with the muon detectors they built themselves. Insights into the girl's experiences during the 2024 and 2025 editions of the workshop are also detailed, with the aim to contribute to the wider physics education research and outreach communities.

    ↳ physics.ed-phhep-exhep-phPhys.Educ.(2026)·0 citations
34. 34*

    Hunting for Extragalactic Axion-like Dark Matter in a Decade-long Blazar Optical Polarimetry

    Qiu-Ju Huang🇨🇳 · Bao Wang🇨🇳 · Jun-Jie Wei🇨🇳 · Xue-Feng Wu🇨🇳

    Axions or axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated dark matter (DM) candidates whose coupling to photons induces periodic oscillations in the polarization angle of astrophysical light. This work reports the first search for such a signature using ten years of optical polarimetric monitoring of the blazar 1ES 1959+650. No statistically significant periodicity is detected using a Lomb-Scargle periodogram and Monte Carlo analysis. Assuming a central DM density in the host galaxy, this null result places tight upper limits on the ALP-photon coupling constant at $g_{a\gamma }<(5.8\times 10^{-14}-1.8\times 10^{-10}){\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$ across a broad ALP mass range of $m_a\sim (1.4\times 10^{-23}-5.2\times 10^{-20})\mathrm{eV}$. Our constraints surpass those from Very Long Baseline Array polarimetry of active galactic jets and are competitive with those from long-term Galactic pulsar timing of PSR J0437-4715 over the same ALP mass window. These results establish long-term blazar polarimetry as a competitive and complementary approach for probing axion-like DM on extragalactic scales.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COhep-ph3 citations
35. 35*

    Symmetry of Bounce Solutions at Finite Temperature

    Yutaro Shoji🇸🇮 · Masahide Yamaguchi🇰🇷

    The seminal work of Coleman, Glaser, and Martin established that, at zero temperature, any non-trivial solution to the equations of motion with the least Euclidean action is $O(D)$-symmetric. This paper extends their foundational analysis to finite temperature. We rigorously prove that for a broad class of scalar potentials, any saddle-point configuration with the least action is necessarily $O(D-1)$-symmetric and monotonic in the spatial directions. This result provides a firm mathematical justification for the symmetry properties widely assumed in studies of thermal vacuum decay and cosmological phase transitions.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-phmath-ph+14 citations
36. 36*

    Universal modified function in conjunction with the short range correlation effect to extract the nuclear $x{F}_3^A$ structure function

    A.Mirjalili🇮🇷 · M. Akbari Ahmadmahmoudi🇮🇷 · H. Abdolmaleki🇮🇷 · M. M. Yazdanpanah🇮🇷

    Parton distribution functions (PDFs) are comprehensive and not reliant on the process. They are affected by nuclear matter during nuclear scattering process. As a recent approach, in order to study the nuclear PDFs (nPDFs), the nucleon pair PDFs are utilized to describe parton distributions in the nucleon pair which are confined to a nucleus. Nucleon pair PDFs stem from nucleon-nucleon correlation which is called short range correlation (SRC) and are proportional to common nucleon PDFs. In this regard a modified universal function is constructed which provides a test for SRC in (neutrino)-nucleus scattering. In fact we can show that the modification of the structure function of nucleons bound in atomic nuclei (known as the EMC effect) are consistently accounted for within the frame work of a universal modification of nucleons in SRC pairs. In this article, based on the strategy which was introduced in Ref.\cite{nature}, we are investigating to find the universality behaviour for the ratio of nonsinglet $x{F}_3^A$ nuclear structure function. The numerical calculations performed within the CTEQ framework confirm the universality feature of the concerned ratio, as has been established for the ratio of the structure function $F_2^A$ in Ref. \cite{nature}. Following that we reformulate the $R_{EMC}$ nuclear weight function which relates the free and bound structure function in terms of modified universal function. It makes us a possibility to achieve $R_{EMC}$ and finally $x{F}_3^A$ nuclear structure function for each nucleus only by considering the specified feature of nucleus.The results are compared with the nuclear $x{F}_3$ structure function which are computing from bound PDFs, based on some parameterizations models. The findings, considering the SRC effect, demonstrating qualitative agreement with nCTEQ15 and EPPS21 parametrization models and also the available experimental data.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2025)·1 citation
37. 37*

    Sub-GeV dark matter in neutron stars: halo morphologies and their suppression by vacuum-like pressure

    Loreany F. Araújo🇧🇷 · Germán Lugones🇧🇷 · José Ademir S. Lima🇧🇷

    We investigate neutron stars that contain a unified dark sector composed of cold, degenerate fermionic dark matter and a vacuum-like dark-energy component. Within a general-relativistic two-fluid framework that allows a covariantly conserved, gradient-driven energy exchange between baryons and the dark sector, we quantify how dark microphysics reshapes global structure when the total gravitational radius need not coincide with the luminous baryonic radius. Using a state-of-the-art baryonic equation of state, we explore the halo-forming mass range for fermionic dark matter with particle masses of 400 MeV and 1 GeV, and we characterize sequences by the difference between the total and luminous radii and by the fractional difference between the total and baryonic masses. We confirm established trends: lighter fermions typically support low-density halos that increase the total radius by several kilometers at nearly fixed mass, whereas masses near 1 GeV tend to shrink halos and make the two radii appreciably closer. Our central new result is that a percent-level vacuum-like admixture markedly reduces halo formation, shrinking the radius difference from several kilometers to sub-kilometer scales and the fractional mass difference to $\lesssim 1\%$. Combined gravitational-wave and X-ray observations offer a practical route to bound the halo size and the allowed vacuum-like fraction.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2026)·1 citation
38. 38*

    Ultracold neutron energy spectrum and storage properties from magnetically induced spin depolarization

    N. J. Ayres🇨🇭 · G. Ban🇫🇷 · G. Bison🇨🇭 · K. Bodek🇵🇱 · V. Bondar🇨🇭 · T. Bouillaud🇫🇷 · D. Bowles🇺🇸 · G. L. Caratsch🇨🇭 · E. Chanel🇨🇭 · W. Chen🇨🇭 · P.-J. Chiu🇨🇭 · C. B. Crawford🇺🇸 and 44 other authors

    We present a novel method for extracting the energy spectrum of ultracold neutrons from magnetically induced spin depolarization measurements using the n2EDM apparatus. This method is also sensitive to the storage properties of the materials used to trap ultracold neutrons, specifically, whether collisions are specular or diffuse. We highlight the sensitivity of this new technique by comparing the two different storage chambers of the n2EDM experiment. We validate the extraction by comparing to an independent measurement for how this energy spectrum is polarized through a magnetic-filter, and finally, we calculate the neutron center-of-mass offset, an important systematic effect for measurements of the neutron electric dipole moment.

    ↳ hep-exhep-phnucl-exPRL(2026)·1 citation
39. 39*

    Renormalization-Group Invariant Parity-Doublet Model for Nuclear and Neutron-Star Matter

    Mattia Recchi🇩🇪 · Lorenz von Smekal🇩🇪 · Jochen Wambach🇩🇪

    The Parity-Doublet Model (PDM) is a chirally invariant effective theory for strong-interaction matter involving nucleons and their opposite-parity partners in a parity-doubling framework. We introduce a multiplicatively renormalizable mean-field approach to include the baryonic vacuum contributions to the resulting grand-canonical potential in an explicitly renormalization-group invariant form. As an application, we evaluate the pertinent thermodynamics of two-flavor symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter, focusing on the restoration of spontaneously broken chiral symmetry at baryon densities and temperatures relevant for the astrophysics of neutron stars. Special attention is paid to the effect of the baryonic vacuum fluctuations on the evolution of the chiral condensate with baryon density and temperature for specific choices of the chirally invariant baryon mass m0 to demonstrate the importance of consistently including these vacuum fluctuations in the PDM.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2026)·3 citations
40. 40*

    The poltergeist mechanism -- Enhancement of scalar-induced gravitational waves with early matter-dominated era

    Keisuke Inomata🇺🇸 · Kazunori Kohri🇯🇵 · Takahiro Terada🇯🇵

    Gravitational waves induced by primordial density perturbations provide a powerful probe of the Universe's thermal history, which may include an early matter-dominated (eMD) era predicted by well-motivated particle-physics models. The induced GWs can be significantly enhanced when the Universe undergoes a sudden transition from an eMD era to an era with pressure, such as a radiation or kination era. This enhancement arises from the growth of density perturbations during the eMD era and their rapid oscillations during the era with pressure. This phenomenon is called the poltergeist mechanism. In this review, we explain the essence of the poltergeist mechanism and explore concrete scenarios in which such an enhancement can occur.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-th10 citations
41. 41*

    Experimental review on the chiral magnetic effect in relativistic heavy ion collisions

    Wei Li🇺🇸 · Qiye Shou🇨🇳 · Fuqiang Wang🇺🇸

    The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to a predicted phenomena in quantum chromodynamics that manifests as a charge separation along an external magnetic field, driven by an imbalance of quark chirality. Searches for the CME has been carried out by azimuthal particle correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions where such a chirality imbalance is anticipated and a strong magnetic field is created in the initial stage. No conclusive experimental evidence on the CME has been established so far because of large background contributions to azimuthal correlation observables. We review the status of the experimental search for the CME, covering the observables used, the techniques to mitigate backgrounds, and the strengths and limitations of various experimental approaches, and outline a future prospect of the CME search in high-energy nuclear collisions.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-exhep-phnucl-thEur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. (2026)·6 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.