Thu·Oct 23, 2025Thursday·October 23, 2025

1. 01*

   Stellar cooling limits on KK gravitons and dark dimensions

   Edward Hardy🇬🇧 · Anton Sokolov🇬🇧 · Henry Stubbs🇬🇧

   We revisit cooling bounds on light Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons, as arise in the dark dimension scenario, considering red giants, neutron stars, and supernovae. In addition to bremsstrahlung, we account for two novel production channels: resonant mixing with the in-medium photon and a pion-induced process in supernovae. The strongest limits arise from SN 1987A, with the emissivity from the pion process exceeding that from bremsstrahlung by a factor of a few. Given present uncertainties, we obtain a bound on the KK mass scale of $m_{\mathrm{KK}}\gtrsim 0.6\mathrm{eV}$ $(\gtrsim 500\mathrm{eV})$ for 2 (3) extra dimensions. Improved understanding of the properties of pions in supernovae could strengthen these limits to roughly $\mathrm{eV}$ $(\mathrm{keV})$. For 1 extra dimension, the bounds are weaker than those from laboratory searches. We also show that constraints from KK graviton decays to Standard Model particles are less stringent than the cooling bounds if there is KK number violation at the level typically assumed in the dark dimension scenario, although these bounds could be strengthened by future observations.

   hep-phhep-thJHEP(2026)·14 citations
2. 02*

   Theory overview on neutrino studies and outlook

   Toni Mäkelä🇺🇸

   The forward neutrino program at the Large Hadron Collider has entered the era of providing the first measurements and observations. As it has notable connections to astrophysics and will complement the results and projections of key measurements at the LHC and other measurements, it is becoming increasingly important for collider physicists to recognize and utilize the unique potential of this novel research direction. The present work reviews a selection of questions related to the nature, masses and interactions of neutrinos, and highlights some of the recent projections for the LHC Run 3 as well as the high-luminosity run.

   hep-phPoS(2026)·0 citations
3. 03*

   Charge distribution of the gauge-mediation type Q ball

   Shinta Kasuya🇯🇵 · Masahiro Kawasaki🇯🇵

   We numerically study the formation of the gauge-mediation type Q balls in the logarithmic square potential on three-dimensional lattices. We obtain the broad charge distribution of the Q ball of this type for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The charge of the Q ball at the peak of the distribution is smaller than what we estimated as the average of the largest tens of the Q balls in the logarithmic potential for the same initial amplitude of the field at the onset of its oscillation. We also discuss some impacts of the broad distribution on cosmology and astrophysics. In the B ball (Q being the baryon number) case, the broad distribution would lead to the coexistence of both stable and unstable B balls. We find that stable B balls can account for the dark matter of the universe without affecting successful big bang nucleosynthesis by the decay of the unstable B balls, but the baryon number of the universe cannot be explained by them. On the other hand, the large L balls (Q being the lepton number) would be the dark matter as well while avoiding the constraints on the X and/or gamma rays from the decay of the smaller L balls.

   hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2025)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Pion-Kaon femtoscopy as a probe of the space-time emission anisotropies due to interactions at the hadronic stage of matter evolution in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

   P. Chakraborty🇵🇱 · G. Kornakov🇵🇱 · A. Kisiel🇵🇱 · Yu. M. Sinyukov🇵🇱 · V. M. Shapoval🇺🇦 · S. Dash🇮🇳

   Emission asymmetries between pions and kaons reflect the role of the hadronic phase in the cooling of a droplet of deconfined strongly-interacting matter. This study compares results from two models at the same collision energy of $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV to investigate how interactions in the hadronic phase affect particle emission. The first model, iHKM, provides a complete description of all stages of the evolution; from the initial scattering and thermalization to the final hadronic state, while the second model, LQTH (LHYQUID+THERMINATOR2), assumes a sudden conversion into hadrons, neglecting further interactions. To increase the sensitivity to hadronic interactions, the analysis was performed as a function of the pair transverse velocity for pairs with nearly equal velocity vectors. The obtained predictions are compared with previously measured ALICE data at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV as a function of the cube root of the average particle multiplicity density at midrapidity, showing that both radii and emission asymmetries scale with particle multiplicity, regardless of the collision energy. The iHKM model reproduces the measured trends both qualitatively and quantitatively, whereas the LQTH model requires additional parameters-in particular, a time delay in the emission of kaons-to achieve quantitative agreement. The comparative analysis also indicates a possible non-monotonic behavior of the asymmetry as a function of transverse velocity, and a constant scaling of the ratio between the emission asymmetry and femtoscopic radii with particle multiplicity. These results highlight the importance of including interactions in the hadronic stage for a complete description of the emission function.

   hep-phPRC(2026)·2 citations
5. 05*

   Probing the QGP through $p_T$-differential radial flow of heavy quarks

   Maria Lucia Sambataro (1 and 2)🇮🇹 · Salvatore Plumari (1 and 2)🇮🇹 · Santosh K. Das (3)🇮🇳 · Vincenzo Greco (1 and 2) ((1) Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Catania, Catania, Italy (2) INFN-Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Catania, Italy, (3) School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Goa, India)🇮🇹

   We introduce the $p_T$-differential radial flow $v_0(p_T)$ in the heavy-quark sector. Within an event-by-event Langevin framework, we show that this observable exhibits a strong sensitivity to the heavy quark-bulk interaction. It provides a powerful and novel tool to constrain the transport coefficients of heavy quarks in the QGP and, more generally, to assess the strength of the interaction of a Brownian particle in an expanding bulk medium. The results further indicate that heavy quarks exhibit collective behavior driven by the isotropic expansion of the QGP in heavy-ion collisions and, at low $p_T$, it offers a marked signature of the heavy quark hadronization mechanism.

   hep-phnucl-thPRL(2026)·8 citations
6. 06*

   Coherent and incoherent antineutrino scattering on stable even-even isotopes of molybdenum detectors

   T.S. Kosmas🇬🇷 · R. Sahu🇮🇳 · V.K.B. Kota🇮🇳

   The recent observations of the coherent neutrino- and antineutrino-nucleus scattering have opened up a plethora of opportunities to probe physics within standard and non-standard theories of the electroweak interactions. In the present article, our goal is to explore the possibility of using the molybdenum material as detection medium for coherent and incoherent antineutrino- and neutrino- Mo scattering in the ongoing and future coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE{\nu}NS) experiments by using relevant (anti-)neutrino beams as e.g. stopped pion-decay neutrino beams, reactor antineutrino beams, astrophysical (solar or supernova) (anti)neutrino beams, etc. Our present coherent and incoherent scattering cross sections of Mo isotopes with neutrinos and antineutrinos are based on the deformed shell model (DSM) that has been previously employed for studying similar processes. On the other hand, in the past, CE{\nu}NS events obtained with this model provided us with better fits to COHERENT experimental data compared to phenomenological form factors.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Study of the scalar and pseudoscalar meson mass spectrum above the QCD chiral phase transition, using an effective Lagrangian approach

   Giulio Cianti🇮🇹 · Enrico Meggiolaro🇮🇹

   In this work, expanding on previous analyses, we employ an effective Lagrangian approach to investigate the mass spectrum of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons at finite temperature, above the (pseudo-)critical temperature $T_c$, in a "realistic" $N_f=2+1$ flavor scenario with degenerate $up$ and $down$ quarks and a heavier $strange$ quark: $0<m_u=m_d\ll m_s$. The model's predictions are then critically compared with available lattice QCD results (where meson screening masses are extracted from chiral susceptibilities, which correspond to two-point correlation functions of suitable interpolating operators), looking, in particular, for signatures of the breaking of the $U(1)$ axial symmetry above $T_c$.

   hep-phhep-lathep-thEPJA(2026)·1 citation
8. 08*

   The strong coupling from the IR to the UV extremes: Determination of ${\alpha }_s$ and prospects from EIC and JLab at 22 GeV

   A. Deur🇺🇸

   We discuss how the Bjorken sum rule allows access to the QCD running coupling ${\alpha }_s$ at any scale, including in the deep infrared IR domain. The Bjorken sum data from Jefferson Lab, together with the world data on ${\alpha }_s$ reported by the Particle Data Group, allow us to determine the running of ${\alpha }_s(Q)$ over five orders of magnitude in four-momentum $Q$. We present two possible future measurements of the running of ${\alpha }_s(Q)$ using the Bjorken sum rule: the first at the EIC, covering the range $1.5<Q<8.7$ GeV, and the second at Jefferson Lab at 22 GeV, covering the range $1.0<Q<4.7$ GeV.

   hep-phhep-exnucl-exPoS(2026)·1 citation
9. 09*

   Interpreting the 650 GeV and 95 GeV Higgs anomalies in the next-to-two-Higgs-doublet model

   Rachid Benbrik🇲🇦 · Mohammed Boukidi🇵🇱 · Khouloud Kahime🇲🇦 · Stefano Moretti🇬🇧 · Larbi Rahili🇲🇦 · Bassim Taki🇲🇦

   Recent experimental hints from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in di-photon and partially in the ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ final states suggest the possible existence of an additional Higgs boson with a mass around 95 GeV. Interestingly, these observations are consistent with earlier results from the Large Electron-Positron (LEP) collider, which pointed to an excess in $b\bar{b}$ final states within a similar mass range. Additionally, CMS has observed an excess in the $\gamma \gamma b\bar{b}$ final state, indicating a possible resonance near 650 GeV decaying into a pair of SM-like Higgs bosons or into a SM-like Higgs boson accompanied by a lighter scalar with mass near 95 GeV. In this work, we investigate whether these anomalies can be simultaneously explained within the Next-to-2-Higgs-Doublet Model (N2HDM), an extension of the Standard Model (SM) scalar sector featuring two complex Higgs doublets and an additional real singlet. Assuming the existence of a CP-even Higgs state compatible with the 95 GeV excesses (restricted to the $\gamma \gamma$ and $b\bar{b}$ channels). Our results show that a heavy CP-even Higgs resonance around 650 GeV, produced predominantly via gluon-gluon fusion and subsequently decaying into a 125 GeV Higgs boson together with another scalar at approximately 95 GeV, can be simultaneously accommodated within both the N2HDM Type-II and Type-Y frameworks in parameter regions that remain consistent with the relevant experimental $2\sigma$ intervals for the reported excesses, once all theoretical and experimental constraints are imposed. This interpretation leads to distinctive and testable predictions for the ongoing LHC Run~3 and the forthcoming High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) phase, in particular through correlated rates in the $\gamma \gamma b\bar{b}$, ${\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}b\bar{b}$, $b\bar{b}\gamma \gamma$, and $\gamma \gamma {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ final states.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·5 citations
10. 10*

    A graphical representation of gluonic operators

    Qingjun Jin🇨🇳 · Ke Ren🇨🇳 · Gang Yang🇨🇳 · Rui Yu🇨🇳

    Composite local operators are central to effective field theories (EFTs), as they define interaction vertices in effective Lagrangians and play a fundamental role in investigating the structure of quantum field theories. The contribution of high-dimensional operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) grows increasingly important as experimental precision improves at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and in future colliders. However, the number of operators increases very rapidly with dimension, making it extremely challenging to identify their complete set. In our previous work \cite{Jin:2020pwh}, we proposed a systematic method for generating gluonic operators using primitive operators. In this paper, we introduce a graphical representation of gluonic operators and, based on this representation, present a method to systematically construct primitive operators. Using this method, we derive primitive operators corresponding to gluonic operators of length 2 to length 7 in $D$-dimensions.

    hep-phhep-th0 citations
11. 11*

    Warped Dimensions at the Cosmological Collider

    Soubhik Kumar🇺🇸 · Michael Nee🇺🇸

    Extra dimensions are present in many beyond the Standard Model scenarios, most notably in string theory. However, direct signatures of extra dimensions are difficult to observe in many cases. This is the situation, for example, if the energy scales associated with extra dimensions are close to the string or Grand Unification scale. The energetic early universe provides an exciting opportunity to overcome this challenge, since the heavy states associated with high-scale extra dimensions, such as scalar moduli and Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons, could have been produced on-shell at early epochs. In this work, we illustrate this by focusing on how such states can be produced during inflation and leave signatures in primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). Specifically, we consider a 5D spacetime with a warped extra dimension that remains stabilized as inflation proceeds in the four non-compact dimensions. By discussing an explicit stabilization mechanism, we compute the masses and couplings of the radion modulus and the KK graviton modes. Being gravitational degrees of freedom, these unavoidably couple to the field(s) generating curvature perturbation, and can lead to observable NG with a distinctive oscillatory shape and characteristic angular dependence. We give example benchmarks which can already be probed by the Planck data and identify targets for the future. Our study shows that cosmological surveys have the potential to observe on-shell imprints of extra dimensions in the coming years.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thJHEP(2026)·17 citations
12. 12*

    Generative Unfolding of Jets and Their Substructure

    Antoine Petitjean🇩🇪 · Anja Butter🇩🇪 · Kevin Greif🇺🇸 · Sofia Palacios Schweitzer🇩🇪 · Tilman Plehn🇩🇪 · Jonas Spinner🇩🇪 · Daniel Whiteson🇺🇸

    Unfolding, for example of distortions imparted by detectors, provides suitable and publishable representations of LHC data. Many methods for unbinned and high-dimensional unfolding using machine learning have been proposed, but no generative method scales to the several hundred dimensions necessary to fully characterize LHC collisions. This paper proposes a 3-stage generative unfolding framework that is capable of unfolding several hundred dimensions. It is effective to unfold the jet-level kinematics as well as the full substructure of light-flavor jets and of top jets, and is the first generative unfolding study to achieve high precision on high-dimensional jet substructure.

    hep-phhep-ex8 citations
13. 13*

    Beyond Qubits: Multilevel Quantum Sensing for Dark Matter

    Xiaolin Ma🇯🇵 · Volodymyr Takhistov🇯🇵 · Norikazu Mizuochi🇯🇵 · Ernst David Herbschleb🇯🇵

    Quantum sensing with qubits has advanced fundamental physics searches, but higher dimensional systems offer untapped potential. We present a universal qutrit framework that yields a sequence-independent fourfold increase in quantum Fisher information and a twofold gain in sensitivity. In ultralight dark matter searches, spin-1 NV-center qutrits can enhance the axion-electron coupling reach by an order of magnitude beyond qubits. This principle applies broadly to multilevel quantum systems including superconducting, neutral atom and trapped-ion qutrits, establishing higher dimensional sensing as a powerful tool for probing new physics.

    hep-phcond-mat.mes-hallhep-exquant-phPRA(2026)·1 citation
14. 14*

    Probing the vacuum as a chiral medium

    T. Heinzl🇬🇧 · B. King🇬🇧 · A. Mercuri-Baron🇬🇧

    We study the circular birefringence experienced by linearly polarised photons colliding with a circularly polarised background creating a vacuum of definite chirality (handedness). For this scenario the standard Heisenberg-Euler approach fails and must be supplemented by derivative corrections which we match to known Hilbert series. Choosing a plane wave background, we find equivalence between three approaches: (i) adding derivative corrections to the Heisenberg-Euler Lagrangian; (ii) improving the locally constant field approximation to the one-loop polarisation tensor; (iii) performing a low-energy expansion of the direct $2\to 2$ QED photon-photon scattering amplitude. Going beyond plane-wave backgrounds, we analyse an example of a circularly polarised standing wave sensitive to derivative corrections. We find a parameter regime where these corrections could be probed in experiments.

    hep-phPRD(2026)·2 citations
15. 15*

    Constructive Heavy Particle Effective Theory with Nonlinear Poincaré Symmetry

    Yong-Kang Li🇨🇳 · Yi-Ning Wang🇨🇳 · Jiang-Hao Yu🇨🇳

    We develop a constructive heavy particle effective theory (HPET) through the nonlinear realization of the spontaneously broken Poincaré symmetry $R^{3,1}⋊SO(3,1)\to R^{3,1}⋊SO(3)$. Starting from the heavy one-particle state, we find the nonlinear boost transformation indicates the shift symmetry in the coset construction, corresponding to the reparameterization invariance. Using the little group Wigner rotation, we obtain the nonlinear boost transformation for corresponding heavy field, recovering the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation. At the operator level, since interaction terms would modify the nonlinear transformation, we propose a most general parametrization on the boost transformation only based on symmetry. The nonlinear boost transformation relates different Wilson coefficients of the HPET operators, providing a bottom-up approach of constructing the independent HPET operators, and generalizing the top-down HPET operators beyond the tree-level integrating out. Utilizing the HPET as example, we obtain additional constraints for the boost transformation as well as the additional variation $\delta \mathcal{L}$ at the $1/m^3$.

    hep-ph1 citation
16. 16*

    Constraints on Axion-Like Particles from VERITAS Observations of a Flaring Radio Galaxy in the Perseus Cluster

    C. B. Adams🇺🇸 · A. Archer🇺🇸 · P. Bangale🇺🇸 · J. T. Bartkoske🇺🇸 · W. Benbow🇺🇸 · Y. Chen🇺🇸 · J. L. Christiansen🇺🇸 · A. J. Chromey🇺🇸 · A. Duerr🇺🇸 · M. Errando🇺🇸 · M. Escobar Godoy🇺🇸 · J. Escudero Pedrosa🇪🇸 and 53 other authors

    Background: Axion-like particles (ALPs) are hypothetical particles that emerge in numerous theoretical extensions to the Standard Model. Their coupling to electromagnetic field implies that ALPs would mix with photons in the presence of external magnetic fields. As ALP phenomenology is governed by the mass and strength of its coupling, there is a subset of this parameter space in which this mixing would be expected to leave an imprint on the spectra of TeV gamma-ray sources. Data: In 2017, the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory recorded the second day of a dramatic flare of the radio galaxy NGC 1275, embedded at the center of the Perseus galaxy cluster. This serendipitous locale provides a spatially-extended magnetic field of strength O(10$\mu$G) through which escaping photons traverse, making it an excellent target to study ALPs. Methods: We analyze the VERITAS data of NGC 1275's 2017 flare with the gammapy analysis package. Extensive fitting and modeling are performed to ultimately conduct a likelihood analysis used to search for any evidence of a preference for ALPs and to explore the confidence with which constraints can be set. We adopt the CLs method for this study for its conservative approach to setting limits in regimes where the search has limited sensitivity. Results: No evidence for the existence of ALPs is found, and no combination of mass and coupling strength can be excluded at or above 95% confidence level. We provide a map showing the strength of our exclusions in the mass and coupling parameter space. The strongest exclusions are found in the mass range $2\times 10^{-7}$eV $\lesssim m_a\lesssim 4\times 10^{-7}$eV and at the coupling strength of $g_{a\gamma }\gtrsim 3\times 10^{-11}$ GeV${}^{-1}$ up to 80% confidence level, which are consistent with previous studies. Conclusions: We find the CLs method to be a trustworthy approach, and advocate for its...

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2025)·4 citations
17. 17*

    Study of the Emergence of a Gluon Mass Scale from Center Vortices Using a Wave-Functional Formalism

    David R. Junior🇧🇷 · Gastão Krein🇧🇷 · Luis E. Oxman🇧🇷 · Bruno R. Soares🇧🇷

    Lattice simulations and theoretical analyses consistently identify center vortices and monopoles as key nonperturbative configurations in Yang-Mills theory. In the continuum, the effective representation of mixed oriented and nonoriented center vortices showed that these degrees of freedom generate a confining flux tube with $N$-ality. Independently, studies of correlation functions reveal an infrared behavior characterized by massivelike scales. In this Letter, field correlators are computed for the first time in a theoretical framework based on center vortices. Using an Abelian-projected vacuum wave functional peaked on the mixed ensemble, we show the emergence of a massivelike gauge-invariant field strength correlator. For this behavior, the nonoriented component in the center-vortex condensate turns out to be essential, as is also the case for producing the correct properties of confining flux tubes.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPRL(2026)·2 citations
18. 18*

    Can we ignore the time dependence in matter neutrino resonance?

    Owais Ullah Faiz🇵🇰 · Mushahid Hussain🇵🇰 · Shashank Shalgar🇩🇰

    In the vicinity of neutron star mergers (NSMs), it is possible for the neutrino self-interaction potential to cancel with the matter potential leading to matter neutrino resonance (MNR). MNR is one of the most interesting mechanisms by which neutrino flavor evolution can occur in dense astrophysical environments. Previous studies have typically assumed that the neutrino flavor field evolves to a steady state -- a simplification also used in other self-interaction models such as the neutrino-bulb model. Here, we perform reproducible calculations of MNR using both time-independent and time-dependent formalisms and show that they yield qualitatively different flavor survival probabilities. The time-independent approach produces unstable steady-state solutions that differ fundamentally from the dynamical behavior captured in time-dependent simulations. These results demonstrate that the steady-state assumption is generally invalid, and physical interpretations based on time-independent calculations of dense neutrino systems require re-evaluation.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phInt.J.Mod.Phys.D(2026)·1 citation
19. 19*

    Beyond Standard Model equation of state and primordial black holes

    Xavier Pritchard🇬🇧 · Matthew Starbuck🇬🇧 · Wingfung Leung🇬🇧

    The Standard Model of particle physics successfully describes all known fundamental particles and their interactions; however, it leaves several unanswered questions. Theories beyond the Standard Model typically introduce new particles and symmetries to address these issues. In the early universe, when such particles become non-relativistic, or the symmetries are broken, there are associated reductions in the equation of state of the primordial plasma. These reductions lead to an exponential enhancement in the formation rate of primordial black holes. In this paper, we calculate the equation of state for several supersymmetric and composite Higgs models, which naturally predict a large number of additional degrees of freedom. Using these equations of state, we compute some example primordial black hole abundances, which we find can be enhanced by up to 20 orders of magnitude.

    ↳ astro-ph.COhep-phJCAP(2026)·3 citations
20. 20*

    Engineering the shapes of quark-gluon plasma droplets by comparing anisotropic flow in small symmetric and asymmetric collision systems

    STAR Collaboration

    The observation of collective flow phenomena in small collision systems challenges our understanding of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation and evolution. This complexity lies in the initial geometries, which are influenced by both nucleon configuration and subnucleonic fluctuations, introducing uncertainties in interpreting flow patterns. We disentangle these contributions through comparative measurements of elliptic ($v_2$) and triangular ($v_3$) flow in asymmetric $d$+Au and symmetric ${}^{16}$O+${}^{16}$O collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV, which produce medium of comparable sizes but with vastly different initial geometries. The larger $v_2$ in $d$+Au reflects its dominant elliptic geometry, while the similar $v_3$ in both systems is better explained by considering subnucleonic fluctuations. These contrasting flow patterns are quantitatively described by a state-of-the-art hydrodynamic model tuned to large-system Au+Au data, indicating efficient transformation of initial geometries to final-state anisotropies. These results provide evidence for droplet formation in small systems with transport properties that are similar to those observed in large collision systems, consistent with QGP-like behavior.

    ↳ nucl-exhep-phnucl-th18 citations
21. 21*

    Detecting White Dwarf Binary Mergers with Gravitational Waves

    Giona Sala🇩🇪 · Chiara Brandenstein🇺🇸 · Sebastian Baum🇩🇪 · Peter W. Graham🇺🇸

    Mergers of white dwarf binaries are a possible progenitor channel for Type Ia supernovae. While white dwarfs are abundant in the universe and relatively well understood, their gravitational wave signals have not yet been directly observed. In order to detect gravitational waves from merging white dwarf binaries, a detector in the mid-band between LVK and LISA appears necessary. In this paper, we compute and discuss the gravitational waves emitted by inspiraling and merging white dwarf binaries, and assess their detectability with proposed space-based atom-interferometer detectors such as MAGIS Space and AEDGE. Gravitational waves from massive white dwarf binaries can be observed for many years before merger, offering a unique early warning of their final explosion. Our projections suggest that MAGIS Space could detect signals from Type Ia supernova progenitors at least once every four years, while AEDGE could observe at least a few hundred such events annually. The prolonged gravitational wave emission captured by atom-interferometers provides precise sky localisation and can allow observation of the final explosion with electromagnetic telescopes. The combined observation with electromagnetic radiation from the white dwarf binary coalescence could open a new pathway for multi-messenger astronomy involving some of the brightest transient events in the universe.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-ph+1PRD(2026)·3 citations
22. 22*

    Constraining the Swift Memory Burden Effect with GW250114-like Events

    Chen Yuan🇵🇹 · Richard Brito🇵🇹

    Black hole spectroscopy allows to infer the properties of the remnant of a binary black hole coalescence. Motivated by the recent proposal that a black hole's information load can alter its classical response to small perturbations, an effect known as the swift memory burden, we develop a minimal phenomenological framework to analyze the ringdown of a binary black hole merger and confront it with the data from the GW250114 event. We perform a Bayesian analysis combining the frequencies of the (220) and (440) quasi-normal modes and obtain a lower bound ${\log }_{10}p\gtrsim 2$, where $p$ controls how the gaps reopen when the black hole's master mode occupation departs from the critical value. Moreover, using a Fisher information matrix (high signal-to-noise ratio) approximation, we forecast the lower bound ${\log }_{10}p\gtrsim 3$ for a GW250114-like event observed with Cosmic Explorer or Einstein Telescope. Our results disfavour rapid gap reopening, shedding light on how the swift memory burden effect can be probed with current and next-generation detectors.

    ↳ gr-qcastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th2 citations
23. 23*

    Estimation of the Inverse Compton Scattering Background in MeV Gamma-Gamma Collider

    Ping Zhou🇨🇳 · Meiyu Si · Yuanjie Bi · Illya Drebot🇮🇹 · Yongsheng Huang🇨🇳

    The MeV Gamma-Gamma Collider would provide a direct experimental platform for elastic light-by-light scattering ($\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \gamma$) and the Breit-Wheeler process with two real photons ($\gamma \gamma \to e^{+}{e}^{-}$). A Monte Carlo code, the Genie Background Evaluation Tool (GBET), has been developed to fully simulate two successive inverse Compton scatterings in the linear regime, including $e^{-}+\text{laser}\to e^{-}+\gamma$ and $e^{-}+\gamma \to e^{-}+\gamma$. GBET overcomes the inherent information loss in traditional luminosity-spectrum-based chain simulations, preserving full particle-level information and achieving higher physical fidelity. The effectiveness of the code is verified by benchmarking against the simulation results of CAIN. GBET shows that the event rate of background photons generated by the first inverse Compton scattering is $6.24\times 10^7$/s, with energies below 18 eV; the second inverse Compton scattering generates background electrons at 51.99/s and photons at 0.99/s, both with energies below 11 MeV. In addition, Møller scattering contributes background electrons at 0.56/s with energies around 200 MeV. The count rates of background electrons and positrons originating from the Breit-Wheeler process are 1312.2/s and 1314.3/s, respectively, with energy distributions ranging from 511 to 720 keV.

    ↳ physics.ins-dethep-ph2 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.