Tue·Sep 23, 2025Tuesday·September 23, 2025

1. 01*

   Light thermal dark matter models in the light of DAMIC-M 2025 constraints

   Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Satyabrata Mahapatra🇮🇳 · Narendra Sahu🇮🇳 · Vicky Singh Thounaojam🇮🇳

   We study the viability of light thermal dark matter (DM) in sub-GeV mass range in view of the stringent new DAMIC-M limits on DM-electron scattering. Considering a Dirac fermion singlet DM charged under a new Abelian gauge symmetry $U(1)$, we outline two possibilities: (i) family non-universal $U(1)$ gauge coupling with resonantly enhanced DM annihilation into standard model (SM) fermions and (ii) family universal dark $U(1)$ gauge symmetry where relic is set by DM annihilation into light gauge bosons. As an illustrative example of the first class of models, we consider a gauged $L_{\mu }-L_{\tau }$ extension of the SM having interesting detection prospects at several experiments. While both of these class of models lead to observed DM relic and consistency with DAMIC-M together with other experimental limits, the second class of models also lead to strong DM self-interactions, potentially solving the small-scale structure issues of cold dark matter. While a vast part of the parameter space in both the models is already ruled out, the current allowed region of parameter space can be further probed at ongoing or future experiments keeping the models testable.

   hep-phastro-ph.COhep-exPRD(2026)·5 citations
2. 02*

   Extracting Higgs Self-Coupling Constraints through Triple Higgs Boson Production at Future Hadron Colliders

   Benjamin Fuks🇫🇷 · Andreas Papaefstathiou🇺🇸 · Gilberto Tetlalmatzi-Xolocotzi🇩🇪

   We present a systematic study of triple Higgs boson production at future high-energy hadron colliders, using the six-$b$-jet final state as a probe of the Higgs self-interactions. We conduct, under realistic detector smearing assumptions, both a traditional cut-based analysis, and a multivariate one using gradient boosting. The multivariate strategy is found to enhance sensitivity to beyond the Standard Model effects on the Higgs boson's self-couplings, while preserving large signal event yields, thus enabling more robust statistical inference. This allows us to assess the impact of detector effects, systematic uncertainties, background normalisation, as well as different truncation choices in an effective-field-theory description of the new physics effects possibly affecting the Higgs boson's self-interactions. Our results demonstrate that statistically-meaningful and perturbative-unitarity-compatible constraints on the trilinear and quartic Higgs boson self-couplings can be achieved, provided that systematic uncertainties are controlled at the few-percent level. Finally, we extrapolate our results to various collider energies and luminosities, demonstrating in particular that an 85 TeV proton-proton collider performs comparably to a 100 TeV machine. Altogether, our findings therefore establish the six-$b$ channel as a viable probe of the Higgs self-interactions at most future hadron collider options currently being examined by the high-energy physics community.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2025)·8 citations
3. 03*

   Strengthening the Bridge Between Chiral Lagrangians and QCD Sum-Rules

   J. Ho🇺🇸 · Amir H. Fariborz🇺🇸 · T.G. Steele🇨🇦

   Previous work has shown that mesonic fields in chiral Lagrangians can be systematically connected to quark-level operators in QCD sum rules through chiral-symmetry constrained and energy-independent scale factor matrices. This framework yields universal scale factors associated with each chiral nonet, whether composed of quark-antiquark ($q\bar{q}$) or four-quark ($qq\bar{q}\bar{q}$) operators. Building on the demonstrated scale-factor universality for the $K_0^{\ast }$ isodoublet and $a_0$ isotriplet scalar mesons, we develop a revised Gaussian QCD sum-rule methodology that extends the analysis to higher-dimensional isospin sectors. To access nonperturbative information about resonances arising from final-state interactions, we introduce a background-resonance interference approximation. This approximation successfully reproduces both $\pi K$ scattering amplitude data and $\pi \eta$ scattering predictions. It also motivates new resonance models that enhance the scale-factor analysis linking chiral Lagrangians to QCD sum rules. Within this refined framework, we explore the scale factors for the $K_0^{\ast }$ and $a_0$ mesons across a sequence of increasingly detailed resonance models.

   hep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2025)·0 citations
4. 04*

   Unveiling stealth SUSY in the low missing energy terrain at the LHC

   Justin I. Alvarez🇵🇭 · Marvin M Flores🇵🇭

   Using a set of missing energy-independent selection criteria involving large-radius jet multiplicity and angular separation among the final states, we extend the discovery potential of the stealth SUSY squark-pair production in the low missing transverse energy (ETmiss) parameter space, thereby complementing existing ATLAS and CMS searches that are sensitive in the high ETmiss regime. With these kinematic cuts, the estimated sensitivity was extended to squark masses up to 2500 GeV for a bino mass of 650 GeV.

   hep-ph0 citations
5. 05*

   Heavy quarkonium decay $V\to ggg$ with both relativistic and QCD radiative corrections

   Hong-Mei Jiang🇨🇳 · Chao-Jie Fan🇨🇳 · Jun-Kang He🇨🇳 · Cui Kong🇨🇳

   In the heavy quarkonium decay process $V\to ggg$ ($V=J/\psi ,{\rm Y}$), making a definite prediction including relativistic corrections has so far remained a significant challenge. In this work, we study this decay process by taking into account the relativistic corrections in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism, where the relativistic bound-state wave function of quarkonium is obtained by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation under the covariant instantaneous ansatz. Through analytical calculation, we find that some polarized decay widths vanish due to the helicity selection rule, which suppresses the corresponding helicity amplitudes. Owing to helicity flip symmetry and phase space symmetry, the nonvanishing polarized decay widths are not all independent; they are related through a set of symmetry relations. Then we obtain the unpolarized decay width formula $\Gamma (V\to ggg)=\frac{80({\pi }^2-9){\alpha }_s^3{N}_V^2{\beta }_V^3}{81{\pi }^{9/2}M}(1-\kappa \frac{{\beta }_V^2}{M^2})$, where the factor $\kappa \frac{{\beta }_V^2}{M^2}$ arises from the relativistic corrections with $\kappa \equiv \frac{3(112+25{\pi }^2)}{16({\pi }^2-9)}$. Furthermore, including both relativistic and QCD radiative corrections within the factorization assumption, our predictions of $\mathcal{B}(V\to ggg)$ and $\mathcal{B}(V\to e^{+}{e}^{-})$ agree well with their experimental data. As a crossing check, with the experimental value of the ratio $R_V=\frac{\Gamma (V\to ggg)}{\Gamma (V\to e^{+}{e}^{-})}$ and our result for $R_V$, we extract ${\alpha }_s(M_{J/\psi }/2)=0.31$ and ${\alpha }_s(M_{{\rm Y}}/2)=0.20$, respectively.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
6. 06*

   Anomalous Dynamical Screening of Relativistic Plasma in a Magnetic Field

   Sota Hanai🇯🇵

   We study collective excitations in a relativistic collisionless plasma composed of massless fermions subject to an external magnetic field. We include dynamical electromagnetism and fluctuations of the chiral charge, while maintaining a vanishing net chiral charge. Within the framework of chiral kinetic theory, we find that the chiral anomaly gives a correction to the transverse photon self-energy and that a novel type of dynamical screening can emerge. In the strong magnetic field limit, we also show that the collective mode has a gap using the lowest Landau level approximation. We further discuss implications of the anomalous dynamical screening for neutron star phenomenology.

   hep-phastro-ph.HEhep-thnucl-thPTEP·1 citation
7. 07*

   Novel Bounds From The Weak Gravity and Festina Lente Conjectures

   Fayez Abu-Ajamieh🇮🇳 · Pratik Chattopadhyay🇨🇳 · Nobuchika Okada🇺🇸 · Roman Pasechnik🇸🇪 · Zhi-Wei Wang🇨🇳

   We demonstrate that the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) and the Festina-Lente Conjecture (FLC) yield novel bounds on fifth force searches and milli-Charged Particles (mCPs), as well as on the scale of inflation and on the effective Higgs quartic interaction. In particular, we find that combining the FLC with inflation leads to stronger bounds on mCPs than what the simple application of the FLC provides. Furthermore, we have explored the implications of naturalness on both the FLC and WGC, and have found that these conjectures place a lower limit on the charge of a $U(1)$ gauge group.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
8. 08*

   The vacuum stability and the hierarchy problem in a fermionic dark matter model

   Mojtaba Hosseini🇮🇷

   We consider an extension to the Standard Model (SM) with four new fields including scalar($S$), spinor(${\psi }^{1,2}$) and vector($V_{\mu }$) under new $U(1)$ gauge group in the hidden sector. The scalar particle interacts with the SM Higgs particle and is an intermediary between the dark and the SM parts . Our dark matter(DM) candidate is the spinor particle. We show that the model successfully explains the relic density of the DM in the universe and evades the strong bounds from direct detection experiments while respecting the theoretical constraints and the vacuum stability conditions. In addition, we study the hierarchy problem within the Veltman approach by solving the renormalization group equations at one-loop. We demonstrate that the addition of the new fields contributes to the Veltman parameters which in turn results in satisfying the Veltman conditions much lower than the Planck scale. For the our DM model we find one representative point in the viable parameter space which satisfy also the Veltman conditions at $\Lambda$ = 1 TeV. Therefore, the presence of the extra particle solves the fine-tuning problem of the Higgs mass.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·0 citations
9. 09*

   Rescattering-induced $D\to SS$ weak decays

   Yan-Li Wang🇨🇳 · Shu-Ting Cai🇨🇳 · Yu-Kuo Hsiao🇨🇳

   We investigate two-body non-leptonic $D\to SS$ weak decays, where $S$ denotes a light scalar meson such as $a_0/a_0(980)$, $f_0/f_0(980)$, or ${\sigma }_0/f_0(500)$. Short-distance topologies from $W$-boson emission and annihilation (exchange) are found to be negligible, while long-distance final-state interactions provide the dominant contributions. In particular, triangle rescattering processes, $D\to \pi {\eta }^{(\prime )}\to {\sigma }_0{a}_0$ and $D\to a_1(1260)\eta \to {\sigma }_0{a}_0$, mediated by pion exchange in $\pi {\eta }^{(\prime )}$ and $a_1(1260)\eta$ scatterings, respectively, are identified as the leading mechanisms. Our calculations yield branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(D_s^{+}\to {\sigma }_0{a}_0^{+})=(1.0\pm 0.2_{-0.2}^{+0.1})\times 10^{-2}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^{+}\to {\sigma }_0{a}_0^{+})=(1.1\pm 0.2_{-0.2}^{+0.1})\times 10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}(D^0\to {\sigma }_0{a}_0^0)=(0.9\pm 0.2_{-0.3}^{+0.2})\times 10^{-5}$. For the Cabibbo-allowed decay mode $D_s^{+}\to f_0{a}_0^{+}$, the near-threshold condition $m_{D_s}\simeq m_{f_0}+m_{a_0}$ limits the phase space, suppressing the branching fraction to $(3.4\pm 0.3_{-0.9}^{+0.4})\times 10^{-4}$. These results highlight rescattering-induced $D\to SS$ decays as promising channels for experimental studies at BESIII, Belle(-II), and LHCb.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2026)·6 citations
10. 10*

    On the solution of Euclidean path integrals with neural networks

    Gabor Balassa🇰🇷

    This paper proposes a numerical method using neural networks to solve the path integral problem in quantum mechanics for arbitrary potentials. The method is based on a radial basis function expansion of the interaction term that appears in the Euclidean path integral formalism. By constructing a corresponding multi-layered perceptron-type neural network with exponential nonlinearities in the hidden layer, the original path integral can be approximated by a linear combination of Gaussian path integrals that can be solved analytically. The method has been tested for the double-well potential that includes a quadratic and a quartic term, giving very good, within a few percent agreement between the true and estimated bound state wave functions that are extracted from the propagator at large Euclidean times. The proposed method can also be used to describe potentials that have imaginary parts, which is tested for a simple Gaussian path integral with complex frequencies, where the model uncertainty stays below one percent for both the real and imaginary parts of the propagator.

    hep-phPTEP·3 citations
11. 11*

    Axions as Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Dark Radiation

    Luca Visinelli🇮🇹

    Axions and axion-like particles are ubiquitous in extensions of the Standard Model and offer a unifying framework for addressing open problems in cosmology. Depending on their mass and interactions, axions can act as dark matter, drive cosmic acceleration as dark energy, or contribute to the relativistic background as dark radiation. Motivated by the plenary talk at TAUP 2025, this proceeding reviews the phenomenology of light bosons in the early and late Universe, with a focus on the theoretical foundations, observational signatures, and experimental prospects. This contribution is intended as a compact mini-review, emphasizing representative mechanisms and observational targets rather than an exhaustive survey.

    hep-phastro-ph.COhep-thPoS(2025)·2 citations
12. 12*

    Meson properties and symmetry emergence based on the deep neural network

    Xin Tong🇨🇳 · Wei Feng🇨🇳 · Weiwei Xu🇨🇳 · Chao-Hsi Chang🇨🇳 · Guo-Li Wang🇨🇳 · Qiang Li🇨🇳

    As a key property of hadrons, the total width is quite difficult to obtain in theory due to the extreme complexity of the strong and electroweak interactions. In this work, a deep neural network model with the Transformer architecture is built to precisely predict meson widths in the range of $10^{-14}\sim 625$ MeV based on meson quantum numbers and masses. The relative errors of the predictions are $0.12\%,2.0\%,$ and $0.54\%$ in the training set, the test set, and all the data, respectively. We present the predicted meson width spectra for the currently discovered states and some theoretically predicted ones. The model is also used as a probe to study the quantum numbers and inner structures for some undetermined states including the exotic states. Notably, this data-driven model is investigated to spontaneously exhibit good charge conjugation symmetry and approximate isospin symmetry consistent with physical principles. The results indicate that the deep neural network can serve as an independent complementary research paradigm to describe and explore the hadron structures and the complicated interactions in particle physics alongside the traditional experimental measurements, theoretical calculations, and lattice simulations.

    hep-phhep-exhep-latChin.Phys.Lett.(2026)·2 citations
13. 13*

    Decaying vector dark matter with low reheating temperature for KM3NeT signal and its impact on gravitational waves

    Sarif Khan🇰🇷 · Jongkuk Kim🇰🇷 · Hyun Min Lee🇰🇷

    We propose a new model to explain the KM3NeT neutrino event through a low reheating scenario with a suppression in the GW spectrum originating from cosmic string networks. To achieve this, we extend the SM gauge sector by an abelian gauge symmetry and a singlet scalar. Once the abelian gauge symmetry spontaneously breaks, the extra gauge boson acquires mass and becomes a suitable Dark Matter (DM) candidate. Due to the kinetic mixing with the hypercharge gauge group, DM can decay into SM particles. To explain the KM3NeT signal, we need $\mathcal{O}(100)$ PeV DM, which can be produced in the correct order of DM density in a low reheating scenario. In this scenario, the overabundance issue of heavy DM can be tackled by diluting its abundance through the continuous injection of entropy when the matter-like inflaton decays into the SM bath. Using the low reheating scenario, we can obtain the correct value of DM density both for freeze-out and freeze-in mechanisms for super-heavy DM. Moreover, we have studied the Gravitational Waves (GWs) produced from cosmic strings, which fall within the detectable range of future proposed GW experiments. Additionally, the dominance of a quadratic inflaton potential before the reheating temperature changes the temperature-scale factor relation, which suppresses the GW spectrum at higher frequencies. Choosing an arbitrarily low reheating temperature provides only a tiny fraction of the DM density due to dilution from entropy injection. This fraction of the vector DM suggests that only the extragalactic contribution is relevant in the KM3NeT event because DM lifetime is shorter than the age of the Universe.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEJCAP(2026)·5 citations
14. 14*

    Electromagnetic structure of axial-vector mesons and implications for the muon $g-2$

    Zanbin Xing🇨🇳 · Lei Chang🇨🇳 · Khépani Raya🇪🇸

    The electromagnetic structure of axial-vector mesons is investigated via elastic and two-photon transition form factors (TFFs). To this end, we employ a framework based on the Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations within a contact interaction model. This largely algebraic approach transparently exposes the role of symmetries and their breaking, and has proven successful in describing anomaly-sensitive processes, including pseudoscalar to two-photon TFFs, $\gamma \to 3\pi$, and vector-to-pseudoscalar radiative decays. Restricting our analysis to the lowest-lying states, $\text{A}=\{a_1,f_1,f_1^{\prime }\}$, we also evaluate the corresponding light-by-light contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, and obtain $a_{\mu }^{\text{A}}=11.30(4.71)\times 10^{-11}$, consistent with contemporary estimates.

    hep-phnucl-thPRD(2026)·2 citations
15. 15*

    Soft contributions to heavy quark production in arbitrary kinematics

    Simone Devoto🇧🇪 · Javier Mazzitelli🇨🇭

    We present the computation of the soft-parton contribution at low transverse momentum for the production of a heavy quark pair in association with a colour singlet at the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in the QCD coupling. This paper extends to arbitrary kinematics previous results obtained under the assumption of a back-to-back configuration for the final-state emitters. These new results take into account the production of an additional colour singlet system, thus allowing for the evaluation of the resummation formula for associated heavy-quark pair production at NNLO, and the implementation of the qT subtraction formalism for this class of processes. We provide the results in the form of a code for their on-the-fly evaluation.

    hep-phJHEP(2026)·7 citations
16. 16*

    The odd-parity strange baryons $\Sigma ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ below 1.8 GeV with Hamiltonian effective field theory

    Zhong-Lin Ma🇨🇳 · Zhan-Wei Liu🇨🇳 · Jiong-Jiong Liu🇨🇳

    We examine the spectrum of the $\Sigma ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ family based on the experimental $K^{-}p$ scattering data and lattice QCD simulations within the Hamiltonian Effective Field Theory. Especially, two different scenarios are constructed in order to clarify whether there is one or two $\Sigma ({\frac{1}{2}}^{-})$ resonances with masses around 1.5$\sim$1.7 GeV. The relevant lattice QCD data support our scenario with two resonance poles at $1687-110i$ and $1714-14i$ MeV in which the bare strange triquark core plays an important role. We also show an extra clear cusp structure around 1.4 GeV in our scattering T matrices associated with the odd-parity strange baryons.

    hep-phhep-latPRD(2026)·5 citations
17. 17*

    Color gauge invariant theory of diquark interactions

    Jun-Feng Wang🇨🇳 · De-Shun Zhang🇨🇳 · Zhi-Feng Sun🇨🇳

    In the present work, we construct a color gauge invariant theory of diquark interactions. With the transformation rule of the diquark fields and the definition of the covariant derivatives under color SU(3) symmetry, we construct the gauge invariant Lagrangians describing the vertices of $S-S-G$, $A-A-G$, $S_Q-S_Q-G$, $A_Q-A_Q-G$ and $S_Q-A_Q-G$, where $S_{(Q)}$ is the light (heavy) scalar diquark field, $A_{(Q)}$ is the light (heavy) axial vector diquark field, and $G$ is the gluon field. And then we derive the one-gluon-exchange effective potentials for diquark-antidiquark interactions using the obtained Lagrangians. By comparing these potentials with those in Godfrey-Isgur quark model, the coupling constants of the Lagrangians are determined. We find that the potentials are mainly made of Coulomb, contact and tensor terms. The potential for the process $S\bar{A}\to A\bar{S}$ is 0, since ${\mathcal{L}}_{SAG}=0$. And the tensor terms proportional to $g^2$ are negligible.

    hep-phPRD(2026)·1 citation
18. 18*

    The N${}^3$LO Twist-2 Matching of TMD Quark Transversity

    Yu Jiao Zhu🇩🇪

    We present the first next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N${}^3$LO) calculation of the twist-2 matching coefficients for transverse momentum dependent (TMD) quark transversity parton distribution and fragmentation functions in QCD. This matching relates the TMD quark transversity functions to their collinear counterparts in the large-transverse-momentum regime, and provides essential ingredients for precision TMD phenomenology involving transversely polarized beams. As part of our analysis, we derive the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) DGLAP splitting functions for collinear transversity, confirming agreement with known space-like results for parton distribution functions and providing the new time-like splitting functions relevant for fragmentation functions. These results extend the perturbative toolkit for spin-dependent observables and establish the transversity sector on the same theoretical footing as unpolarized and helicity distributions. Our findings enable high-precision extractions of transversity PDFs and facilitate improved theoretical predictions for azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS), especially in light of forthcoming data from the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC).

    hep-phJHEP(2026)·3 citations
19. 19*

    Energy Correlators Resolving Proton Spin

    Jun Gao🇨🇳 · Hai Tao Li🇨🇳 · Yu Jiao Zhu🇩🇪

    We investigate the partonic origin of the proton longitudinal spin using spin-dependent energy correlators measured in lepton-hadron collisions with longitudinally polarized proton beams. These observables encode angular correlations in energy flow and are sensitive to the spin-momentum structure of confined partons. Using soft-collinear effective theory, we analyze the correlation patterns in both nearly back-to-back and forward limits, which establishes a direct correspondence with longitudinally polarized transverse momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) and nucleon energy correlators (NECs). The TMDs and NECs allow consistent matching onto hard radiation regions and provide a comprehensive description of the transition from perturbative parton branching to nonperturbative confinement. Using renormalization group evolution, we obtain joint next-to-next-to-next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic quantitative predictions for spin-dependent energy correlation patterns in the current and target fragmentation regions. The framework provides new theoretical insight into how the internal motion and spin of partons contribute to the formation of the proton longitudinal spin and offers an experimental paradigm for probing the interplay between color confinement and spin dynamics at the forthcoming Electron-Ion Collider.

    hep-phPRD(2026)·14 citations
20. 20*

    Unified coupled-channel description for the five near-threshold structures $\psi (3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$ and $R(3810)$ from $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation

    Ri-Qing Qian🇨🇳 · Xiang Liu🇨🇳

    The recent observation of multiple near-threshold structures in $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation-including $\psi (3770)$, $G(3900)$, $R(3760)$, $R(3780)$, and $R(3810)$-reveals limitations in existing models of charmonium and exotic hadrons. In this paper, we propose a unified coupled-channel description that simultaneously incorporates all five near-threshold structures using parameters constrained by hadron spectroscopy. Our model accurately reproduces the line shapes in both $D\bar{D}$ and nonopen-charm hadron (nOCH) channels, resolves the asymmetric profile of $\psi (3770)$, and produces the $G(3900)$ bump. We identify the $R(3780)$ as the dominant manifestation of $\psi (3770)$, attribute $R(3760)$ to $D\bar{D}\to \text{nOCH}$ rescattering and suggest that $R(3810)$ arises from coupling between the $\psi (1D)$ state and the $h_c\pi \pi$ channel. The significant non-$D\bar{D}$ decay of $\psi (3770)$ is explained by its near-threshold position. This analysis provides a coherent, unquenched framework centered on a charmonium $\psi (1D)$ core for near-threshold phenomena and offers a predictive approach extendable to bottomonium systems and future data from Belle II.

    hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
21. 21*

    Probing Long-Lived Photophobic Axion-Like Particles via Prompt Leptons and Mono-$\gamma$ at FCC-ee and CEPC

    Shi-Yu Wang🇨🇳 · Yu-Peng Jiao🇨🇳 · Hong-Hao Zhang🇨🇳 · Giacomo Cacciapaglia🇫🇷

    We investigate the potential to probe axion-like particles (ALPs) under the photophobic scenario at the FCC-ee and CEPC at the Z-pole, with $\sqrt{s}=91.2$ GeV. The signal process is $$e^{+}{e}^{-}\to Z\to \gamma a,a\to {\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-},$$ where we consider final states with two prompt leptons and one photon, or only one photon (Mono-$\gamma$). We estimate the sensitivity to the ALP mass $m_a$ and associated energy scale $\Lambda$ for $a\to {\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and $a\to {\tau }^{+}{\tau }^{-}$ (with leptonic decays of the $\tau$) by use of a XGBoost classifier. For an integrated luminosity of 150 ab${}^{-1}$ at the Z-pole, the combined leptonic channel can probe the ALP scale $\Lambda$ between $10$ to $700$~TeV, depending on the ALP mass. The Mono-$\gamma$ signal offers a complementary probe, reaching $\Lambda$ up to $2000$~TeV for masses below $20$~GeV.

    hep-ph5 citations
22. 22*

    Momentum correlation in pair production by spacetime dependent fields from scattered wave functions

    Greger Torgrimsson🇸🇪

    We consider Sauter-Schwinger pair production by electric fields that depend on both time and space, $E(t,z)$ and $E(t,x,y)$. For space-independent fields, $E(t)$, momentum conservation, $\delta (\mathbf{p}+{\mathbf{p}}^{\prime })$, fixes the positron momentum, ${\mathbf{p}}^{\prime }$, in terms of the electron momentum, $\mathbf{p}$. For $E(t,z)$, on the other hand, $p_z$ and $p_z^{\prime }$ are independent. However, previous exact-numerical studies have considered only the probability as a function of a single momentum variable, $P(p_z)$, $P(p_z^{\prime })$ or $P(p_z^{\prime }-p_z)$, but not the correlation $P(p_z,p_z^{\prime })$. In this paper, we show how to obtain $P(p_z,p_z^{\prime })$ by solving the Dirac equation numerically. To do so, we split the wave function into a background and a scattered wave, $\psi (t,\mathbf{x})={\psi }_{back.}(t,\mathbf{x})+{\psi }_{scat.}(t,\mathbf{x})$, where ${\psi }_{back.}\propto \exp (\pm ipx+\text{gauge term})$. ${\psi }_{scat.}$ vanishes outside a past light cone and is obtained by solving $(i{\gamma }^{\mu }{D}_{\mu }-m){\psi }_{scat.}=-(i{\gamma }^{\mu }{D}_{\mu }-m){\psi }_{back.}$ backwards in time starting with ${\psi }_{scat.}(t\to +\infty ,\mathbf{x})=0$.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2025)·3 citations
23. 23*

    Computing the soft anomalous dimension with massless particles using the method of regions

    Einan Gardi🇬🇧 · Zehao Zhu🇬🇧

    It is well known that soft singularities of massless amplitudes are significantly simpler than those of massive ones. However, the computation of the soft anomalous dimension (AD) using Wilson-lines correctors is only straightforward in the massive case, thanks to the multiplicative renormalizability of correlators of non-lightlike Wilson lines. Instead, correlators involving lightlike lines, develop higher-order poles in dimensional regularization due to collinear singularities, on top of their ultraviolet divergences. We nevertheless show, using the method of regions, how correlators involving lightlike lines can be interpreted and used in the computation of the multileg soft AD. As a case study, we compute the two-loop soft AD for two massive and one massless particles. To this end, we start with the correlator of three timelike Wilson lines and apply the method of regions in the limit where one of the lines becomes lightlike. A correlator involving a strictly lightlike line then emerges as the "hard region" in this expansion. Its collinear divergences are removed upon adding the remaining regions, recovering the correct ultraviolet pole corresponding to the sought-after AD. By applying the method of regions, we are able to disentangle between ultraviolet and infrared divergences appearing in the strict limit. We also discover new phenomena, such as hard-virtuality collinear modes whose presence reflects the rescaling symmetry of semi-infinite Wilson lines. Our approach generalizes to any combination of massive and massless particles at higher loop order.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2026)·5 citations
24. 24*

    Dilepton Production in a Rotating Thermal Medium: The Rigid Rotation Approximation

    Jorge David Castaño-Yepes🇨🇴 · Enrique Muñoz🇨🇱

    We investigate dilepton production in a thermalized quark--gluon plasma subject to global rotation, in the rigid rotating approximation. We consider a generic process involving quark-antiquark annihilation followed by the emission of a highly energetic virtual photon decaying into a dilepton pair. For this process, we compute the dilepton emission rate from the imaginary part of the photon polarization tensor, at finite temperature and vorticity. Our results show that vorticity induces characteristic modifications in the light dilepton channel, namely $e^{-}{e}^{+}$ production, where the emission spectrum exhibits a suppression at low transverse mass together with a mild shift of the production threshold. This behavior originates from the role of vorticity as an effective spin-dependent chemical potential that alters the available phase-space distribution for the emission process. In contrast, the ${\mu }^{-}{\mu }^{+}$ channel is {\color{red}more weakly affected by} the rotational background, thus remaining dominated by its intrinsic mass threshold. The resulting channel dependence highlights a potential phenomenological handle for disentangling rotational effects in heavy-ion collisions: while light dilepton spectra encode the imprints of vorticity in the infrared sector, the muon channel provides a comparatively robust baseline.

    hep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·5 citations
25. 25*

    ${\text{Dark}}_{CP}$ Mesogenesis and New Implications for Collider Searches

    Gilly Elor🇺🇸

    We introduce ${\text{Dark}}_{CP}$ Mesogenesis in which Standard Model mesons, either $B_{s,d}^0$, $B^{\pm }$ or $B_c^{\pm }$, undergo out-of-equilibrium dark CP violating decays to Standard Model and dark sector baryons. With order one CP violation in the dark sector, the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe can then be generated with branching fractions as small as $2.7\times 10^{-8}$ for the exotic decay of $B$-mesons into baryons and missing energy. This sets a lower limit on the branching fraction below which Mesogenesis becomes disfavored. This work therefore strongly encourages collider searches to target sensitivities one to three orders of magnitude below planned limits. For completeness, we further introduce a variant on ${\text{Dark}}_{CP}$ Mesogenesis involving dark lepton states. We conclude by laying out a roadmap for the complete exclusion (or discovery) of the Mesogenesis framework.

    hep-phhep-ex5 citations
26. 26*

    Is our vacuum global in a 331 model with three triplets?

    Kristjan Kannike🇪🇪 · Niko Koivunen🇪🇪 · Aleksei Kubarski🇪🇪

    We consider a 331 model, based on $\beta =-1/\sqrt{3}$, with three $SU(3)$ triplets with a softly broken ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ symmetry. The resulting scalar potential is commonly used in phenomenology. We systematically determine all the potential minima and obtain the conditions under which the electroweak vacuum is global with the help of orbit space methods. For the case the electroweak vacuum is not global, we calculate bounds on the scalar couplings from metastability. We find a parametrisation of the potential couplings in terms of physical quantities and use it to show the available parameter space.

    hep-phhep-thJHEP(2026)·3 citations
27. 27*

    A Quantum Computational Determination of the Weak Mixing Angle in the Standard Model

    Qiaofeng Liu🇺🇸 · Ian Low🇺🇸 · Zhewei Yin🇺🇸

    The weak mixing angle $s_W$ is a fundamental constant in the Standard Model (SM) and measured at the $Z$ boson mass to be ${\hat{s}}_W^2(m_Z)=0.23129\pm 0.00004$ in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ renormalization scheme, where $m_Z=91.2\text{GeV}$. On the other hand, non-stabilizerness - the magic - characterizes the computational advantage of a quantum system over classical computers. We consider the production of magic from stabilizer initial states, which carry zero magic, in the 2-to-2 scattering of charged leptons in the SM at the tree level, which is mediated by the photon and the $Z$ boson. Using the second order stabilizer Rényi entropy, and averaging over all 60 initial stabilizer states and the scattering angle, we compute and minimize the magic production as a function of $s_W^2$ in the Møller scattering $e^{-}{e}^{-}\to e^{-}{e}^{-}$, which is free of kinematic thresholds. At the centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=m_Z$, there is a unique minimum in magic production at ${\mathbf{s}}_W^2(m_Z)=0.2317$, which agrees with the measured ${\hat{s}}_W^2(m_Z)$ at the sub-percent level. At higher energies, the magic-minimizing ${\mathbf{s}}_W^2$ continues to agree with the empirical value at the percent level or better, up to 10 TeV. The finding suggests the electroweak sector of the SM tends to generate minimal quantum resources from the computational viewpoint.

    hep-phhep-exhep-thnucl-th+123 citations
28. 28*

    Small Progenitors, Large Couplings: Type Ic Supernova Constraints on Radiatively Decaying Particles

    Francisco R. Candón🇩🇪 · Damiano F. G. Fiorillo🇩🇪 · Hans-Thomas Janka🇩🇪 · Bart F. A. van Baal🇸🇪 · Edoardo Vitagliano🇮🇹

    Supernova (SN) 1987A provides classic bounds on gamma-ray flashes from the radiative decay of sub-GeV particles, but the latter may decay so rapidly as to be shielded by the stellar envelope. Using axionlike particles with photon coupling as a benchmark, we show that Type Ic core-collapse supernovae largely evade this attenuation due to their compact progenitors. We identify two regimes. At small couplings, while individual flashes may be missed by Fermi-LAT, the high Type Ic rate enables a stacking analysis of nondetections. At larger couplings, decay photons trigger fireball formation; the absence of a signal from the rare broad-lined Type Ic SN 1998bw excludes this scenario. The resulting bounds significantly exceed those from SN 1987A for short decay lengths.

    hep-phastro-ph.HEPRL(2026)·19 citations
29. 29*

    The optical analogy between a Lorentz-violating cosmos and a Magneto-Electric medium

    Iman Motie🇫🇷 · Brahim Lamine🇫🇷 · Alain Blanchard🇫🇷 · Rémy Battesti🇫🇷 · Carlo Rizzo🇫🇷

    The goal of our study is to investigate the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation by examining the behavior of photons within the framework of the Standard Model Extension (SME). We show that, from an optical point of view, the Lorentz-violating cosmos is analogous to a Magneto-Electric medium like the quantum vacuum in the presence of the magnetic and electric field. This analogy provides a formulation for exploring experimental evidence of Lorentz symmetry violation in the propagation of light in a vacuum, in particular in the case of a radiation background observed like the CMB.

    hep-phhep-thEPJC(2025)·0 citations
30. 30*

    Dark interactions in neutron star interiors: the interplay of baryons, dark matter, and dark energy

    L. F. Araujo🇧🇷 · G. Lugones🇧🇷 · J. A. S. Lima🇧🇷

    The impact of energy exchange among the relevant fluid components: baryonic matter, fermionic dark matter (DM), and dark energy (DE) on the internal structure of neutron stars is investigated. Using a representative DM mass $m_{\chi }=10$ GeV and a barotropic DE relation, we add source terms Qi to the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations and examine three cases: (i) noninteracting fluids (Model I), (ii) fully interacting baryon plus DM and DM with DE fluids with optional DM self repulsion (Model II), and (iii) a unified dark sector coupled to baryons (Model III). Two effects dominate: softening by massive, pressure-poor DM, and additional softening/ and binding from DE with negative pressures. Model I isolates these baselines. In Model II, exchange terms self regulate, making the mass radius curves nearly independent of the coupling parameter $\alpha$ for nearly five orders of magnitude. Model III breaks this $\alpha$ degeneracy: a sizable vacuum fraction suppresses the baryonic pressure gradient, reducing both the maximum mass and radii, whereas a pure-DM core is less sensitive. We outline when dark interactions can leave observable, macroscopic imprints.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
31. 31*

    Solution to the uncertainty problem of nuclear matrix element for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay

    J. Terasaki🇨🇿 · O. Civitarese🇦🇷

    The neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay ($0\nu \beta \beta$) of nuclei is one of the major research subjects of neutrino physics nowadays because of its influence on particle physics and astrophysics. The predicted nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay exhibit large uncertainties depending on the models employed. This problem has affected the development of neutrino physics for many years. We have recently performed the calculation of the NMEs for the $0\nu \beta \beta$ and two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay ($2\nu \beta \beta$) modes with a perturbed transition operator and found that the effective axial-vector current coupling $g_A^{\mathrm{eff}}$ is similar for the two decay modes. Based on this finding, we calculate the $0\nu \beta \beta$ NMEs using the phenomenological $g_A^{\mathrm{eff}}$ that reproduces the measured half-life of the $2\nu \beta \beta$ decay. We apply this method to the NMEs for ${}^{136}$Xe, ${}^{130}$Te, and ${}^{76}$Ge obtained by several groups and show that the uncertainty of the $0\nu \beta \beta$ NME is dramatically reduced. Based on this result, we calculate the effective neutrino mass, consistent with the current experimental lower limit of the half-life for the $0\nu \beta \beta$ decay. The results indicate that the extracted value of the effective neutrino mass does not yet reach the inverted-mass-hierarchy region allowed by neutrino oscillation data when the lightest neutrino mass is assumed to be below 10 meV. We also calculate the perturbed $0\nu \beta \beta$ and $2\nu \beta \beta$ NMEs of ${}^{110}$Pd.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
32. 32*

    Refining the Greisen Profile for Low-Energy Cosmic Gamma-Rays: Quantifying Deviations Across Altitudes and Zenith Angles

    Constanza Valdivieso🇨🇱 · Bárbara Gutierrez🇨🇱 · Nicolás Viaux M🇨🇱 · Sebastián Mendizabal🇨🇱 · Raquel Pezoa R🇨🇱 · Sebastián Tapia🇨🇱

    This study refines the Greisen formalism by comparing the classical Greisen profile and a modified Greisen profile, which incorporates an empirical correction to the shower age parameter with zenith-angle dependence, aiming to better describe low-energy cascades against CORSIKA simulations of cosmic gamma-ray showers (20-800 GeV). Fittings across altitudes of 5000-5900 m and zenith angles from 0 to 40 degrees quantify deviations in particle numbers, showing that the modified profile yields deviations below 4.7%, compared to up to 12.5% for the classical profile. These improvements address low-energy ionization losses, atmospheric density variations, and zenith-angle effects, enhancing accuracy for high-altitude observatories like HAWC and the proposed CONDOR array. The modified profile offers a computationally efficient alternative, providing precise particle number predictions to advance gamma-ray astrophysics and cosmic-ray research.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-phJCAP(2026)·0 citations
33. 33*

    Quantum Late-Time Decay and Channel Dependence

    Francesco Giacosa🇵🇱 · Anna Kolbus🇵🇱 · Krzysztof Kyziol🇵🇱 · Magdalena Plodowska🇵🇱 · Milena Piotrowska🇵🇱 · Karol Szary🇵🇱 · Arthur Vereijken🇵🇱

    Quantum mechanics predicts deviations from exponential decay at short and long times, yet experimental evidence is limited. We report a power-law tail after $\sim$10 lifetimes in two fluorescent compounds (erythrosine~B and eosine Y), confirmed by two detectors probing distinct bands but yielding different power coefficients. The data match a divergent but normalizable spectral density, and theory predicts oscillations as a future test. A novel and general result is that in multichannel QM (and QFT) decay, the lifetime is universal, but the late-time deviations are channel- (or band-) dependent, a feature consistent with our data.

    ↳ quant-phhep-phhep-thnucl-thPRA(2026)·1 citation
34. 34*

    Ultra-high-energy neutrino detection with radio antennas in the ground-based observatory

    Baobiao Yue🇩🇪 · Karl-Heinz Kampert🇩🇪 · Julian Rautenberg🇩🇪

    Ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos are unique cosmic messengers that can traverse cosmological distances unattenuated, offering direct insight into the most energetic processes in the universe. Radio detection promises significant advantages for detecting highly inclined air showers induced by UHE neutrinos, including a larger exposure range compared to particle detectors, which is due to minimal atmospheric attenuation of radio signals combined with good reconstruction precision. Furthermore, this technique improves the air shower longitudinal reconstruction, which can be used to identify neutrinos with their first interaction far below the top of the atmosphere. In this work, we present a method for identifying UHE neutrinos using radio antennas deployed in ground-based observatories. We introduce a reconstruction algorithm based on the radio emission maximum ($X_{\text{max}}^{\text{radio}}$) and demonstrate its power in distinguishing deeply developing neutrino-induced showers from background cosmic rays. Using the Pierre Auger Observatory as a case study, we use the simulations of ${\nu }_e$-CC-induced air showers and evaluate the trigger efficiency, reconstruction performance, and resulting effective area. Our results show that radio detection significantly enhances the sensitivity to very inclined showers above 1~EeV, complementing traditional surface detectors. This technique is highly scalable and applicable to future radio observatories such as GRAND. The proposed reconstruction and identification strategy provides a pathway toward achieving the sensitivity needed to detect UHE neutrinos.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMhep-exhep-phPoS(2025)·0 citations
35. 35*

    Cosmological constraints on Galileon dark energy with broken shift symmetry

    William J. Wolf🇬🇧 · Pedro G. Ferreira🇬🇧 · Carlos García-García🇬🇧

    Current cosmological data seem to show that dark energy is evolving in time and that it possibly crossed the phantom divide in the past. So far the only theories that lead to such a behavior involve a non-trivial coupling between dark energy, in the form of a scalar field, and the gravitational or matter sector. We show that there is another possibility involving both a non-trivial kinetic sector in a cubic Galileon theory and a scalar field potential that breaks the Galileon shift symmetry, which can lead to a similar phenomenology on large scales. We perform a full Bayesian analysis using the latest cosmological data, including DESI DR2 BAO measurements, type Ia SNe measurements from DESY5, Union3, and Pantheon+, and CMB data from Planck and ACT. We find that it is statistically strongly favored over a Universe dominated by a cosmological constant (with a Bayes factor of $\log B\simeq 6.5$). Yet, as with other non-minimally coupled theories, it has severe ancillary gravitational effects. These can be mitigated to some extent, but as with other viable theories, the penalty is ever more elaborate scalar field models of dark energy.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·61 citations
36. 36*

    Isotropization in heavy ion collisions in the 2PI formalism

    Francois Gelis🇫🇷

    An important question in heavy-ion collisions is how the initial far-from-equilibrium medium evolves and thermalizes while it undergoes a rapid longitudinal expansion. In this presentation, we show how to use the two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective action to address this question, focusing on ${\varphi }^4$ scalar theory truncated at three loops. We present numerical results for quantities such as the occupation number, the thermal mass, and the number density.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2025)·0 citations
37. 37*

    Critical Points and Syzygies for Feynman Integrals

    Ben Page🇧🇪 · Qian Song🇧🇪

    We investigate a novel theoretical structure underlying the computation of integration-by-parts relations between Feynman integrals via syzygy-based methods. Building on insights from intersection theory, we analyze the large-$ϵ$ limit of dimensional regularization on the maximal cut, showing that total derivatives vanish on the critical locus of the logarithm of the Baikov polynomial--the locus known to govern the number of master integrals. We introduce "critical syzygies" as a distinguished subset of syzygies that captures this behavior. We show that, when the critical locus is isolated, critical syzygies generate a sufficient set of total derivatives in the large-$ϵ$ limit. We study their structure analytically at one loop and develop a numerical approach for their construction at two loops. Our results demonstrate that critical syzygies are a valuable tool for integral reduction in cutting-edge two-loop examples, offering a novel geometric perspective on integration-by-parts relations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2026)·9 citations
38. 38*

    Molecular clouds as a tool to constraint sub-GeV dark matter and primordial black holes

    A. Salces · P. D. L. T. Luque🇪🇸 · M. A. Sánchez Conde

    Despite decades of direct and indirect searches within the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) framework, no conclusive results have been found in the GeV--TeV range. This has motivated exploring alternatives, including new particles and macroscopic objects. Two well-motivated scenarios are sub-GeV DM and Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). Molecular clouds (MCs), typically studied as star-forming sites, can serve as astrophysical laboratories to probe these candidates via their ionization rates. Observations show ionization levels exceeding expectations from known CR fluxes, pointing to an additional ionizing component. Here, we consider electrons and positrons from annihilating and decaying MeV DM particles, as well as Hawking radiation from evaporating PBHs, as possible contributors. We model transport driven by energy losses within the clouds. By comparing predicted ionization rates with observations, conservative constraints are set on the thermally averaged cross section $⟨\sigma v⟩$, decay lifetime $\tau$ and PBH abundances $f_{PBH}$. The analysis assumes all the observed ionization comes from DM and adopts a 95% confidence level. Results show that, even in the most conservative case of local MCs such as L1551, these constraints are very close to the most competitive bounds from X-ray observations, while inner-Galaxy clouds like DRAGON or G1.4--1.8+87 provide stronger limits, sometimes improving X-ray and cosmological constraints. For sub-GeV DM, MCs exclude parameter space competitive with the one tested by NuSTAR, INTEGRAL, or Voyager, especially below $\sim$30 MeV. In the PBH case, asteroid-mass black holes are restricted to a low fraction of DM, with optimistic scenarios getting close to the strongest limits. This demonstrates the potential of MCs as a novel probe in indirect DM searches.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEhep-ph0 citations
39. 39*

    Magnetic Monopole Molecules

    Kazuyuki Furuuchi🇮🇳 · Moreshwar Pathak🇮🇳

    We construct a variety of bound states of Dirac magnetic monopoles in product $U(1)$ gauge theories that make up a Dirac magnetic monopole with unit magnetic charge under the unbroken $U(1)$ gauge group. The size of the bound states is determined by the balance between the repulsive magnetic Coulomb force of the unbroken $U(1)$ gauge group and the attractive force from the tension of the magnetic flux tubes of the broken $U(1)$ gauge groups. These bound states are extensions of the configuration first studied in arXiv:1608.06951. We dub this type of configurations ``Magnetic Monopole Molecules'' (MMMs). Besides some illustrative examples of MMMs made of a small number of constituent Dirac magnetic monopoles, a method to combine smaller MMMs to construct larger MMMs is presented. Implications for the weak gravity conjecture are also discussed.

    ↳ hep-thastro-ph.COhep-ph0 citations
40. 40*

    Hamiltonian Truncation Framework for Gauge Theories on the Interval

    Rachel Houtz🇺🇸 · James Ingoldby🇬🇧

    In this work, we investigate gauge theories in two dimensions nonperturbatively using the Hamiltonian truncation approach. Working on a spatial interval and adopting the axial gauge, we remove all gauge field degrees of freedom and express the interacting Hamiltonian in the eigenbasis of the free Dirac theory, truncated at a finite energy. As a benchmark we analyse the Schwinger model, where our numerical spectra agree closely with the exact results from bosonization across a wide range of couplings, validating the construction of the Hamiltonian. We then generalize the formulation to nonabelian gauge groups and apply it to SU(3) gauge theory with a single massless Dirac fermion. These results demonstrate that gauge theories can be explored nonperturbatively using a truncated Hamiltonian that generates evolutions in ordinary time, offering a complementary alternative to lattice field theory.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-ph3 citations
41. 41*

    Eigenstate Thermalization in 1+1-Dimensional SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory Coupled with Dynamical Fermions

    Diptarka Das🇮🇳 · Lukas Ebner🇩🇪 · Saurabh V. Kadam🇺🇸 · Indrakshi Raychowdhury🇮🇳 · Andreas Schäfer🇩🇪 · Xiaojun Yao🇺🇸

    We test the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in 1+1-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory (LGT) with one flavor of dynamical fermions. Using the loop-string-hadron framework of the LGT with a bosonic cut-off, we exactly diagonalize the Hamiltonian for finite size systems and calculate matrix elements (MEs) in the eigenbasis for both local and non-local operators. We analyze different indicators to identify the parameter space for quantum chaos at finite lattice sizes and investigate how the ETH behavior emerges in both the diagonal and off-diagonal MEs. Our investigations allow us to study various time scales of thermalization and the emergence of random matrix behavior, and highlight the interplays of the several diagnostics with each other. Furthermore, from the off-diagonal MEs, we extract a smooth function that is closely related to the spectral function for both local and non-local operators. We find numerical evidence of the spectral gap and the memory peak in the non-local operator case. Finally, we investigate aspects of subsystem ETH in the lattice gauge theory and identify certain features in the subsystem reduced density matrix that are unique to gauge theories.

    ↳ hep-thcond-mat.stat-mechhep-lathep-ph+1PRD(2026)·12 citations
42. 42*

    Advanced stereoscopy applied to CTAO

    Hana Ali Messaoud🇫🇷 · Tom François🇫🇷 · Thomas Vuillaume🇫🇷

    The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is an international observatory currently under construction, which will consist of two sites (one in the Northern Hemisphere and one in the Southern Hemisphere). It will eventually be the largest and most sensitive ground-based gamma-ray observatory. In the meantime, a small subarray composed of four Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) at the Northern site will begin collecting data in the coming year. In preparation, we present a stereoscopic event reconstruction using graph neural networks (GNNs) to combine information from several telescopes of this subarray. In our previous work, we explored the use of GNNs for the stereoscopic reconstruction of gamma-ray events on simulated data from the Prod5 sample and showed that GNNs provide a better stereoscopic reconstruction. We now compare this approach to the currently foreseen method that analytically combines the output of monoscopic random forests, and explore how GNNs can be used in fusion with the Random forest algorithm in order to provide a more sensitive stereoscopic system.

    ↳ astro-ph.IMastro-ph.HEhep-phPoS(2025)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.