Thu·Sep 18, 2025Thursday·September 18, 2025

1. 01*

   A new perspective on the CMSSM: Yukawa Unification, DM and the SUSY scale

   Stefan Antusch🇨🇭 · Shaikh Saad🇸🇮 · Vasja Susič🇮🇹

   What does third family ($t$-$b$-$\tau$) Yukawa unification, a typical prediction from embedding the Standard Model (SM) fermions in 16-plets of a $\mathrm{SO}(10)$ GUT, imply for the scale of the supersymmetric (SUSY) partners? Which neutralino dark matter (DM) candidate can be realized, and how large is the DM relic density? In this work, we address these questions in a simplified SUSY-breaking framework: the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM). To this end, we recast the parameter space of the CMSSM in a way that for all parameter points the SM-like Higgs mass is correctly reproduced. Considering fixed $\tan \beta$ and $\mathrm{sgn}(\mu )$, for every point in the $(x:=\frac{M_{1/2}}{m_0},y:=\frac{A_0}{m_0})$ parameter plane ranges for all observables are predicted. This provides a new perspective on where in parameter space different types of DM are realized, and which value of the SUSY scale is required in order to explain the observed mass of the SM Higgs boson. In our analysis we consider and compare two strategies: grid scans over the $(x,y,\tan \beta )$ parameter region and MCMC sampling. We find both techniques yield similar results. For $t$-$b$-$\tau$ unification within $5\%$ or $10\%$, we find $\mu <0$, the SUSY spectrum showing a characteristic pattern, and the SUSY scale around $\mathcal{O}(10)\mathrm{TeV}$. The extra MSSM Higgses are the lowest lying new states at $\sim 2÷3\mathrm{TeV}$ (with discovery potential at the HL-LHC), the $\mathcal{O}(10)\mathrm{TeV}$ stops and gluino are in reach of a possible FCC-hh, while bino DM has a mass above $2.5\mathrm{TeV}$, is overabundant, and effectively unobservable in planned direct and indirect detection experiments. The DM relic density requires a dilution factor of $10<\mathcal{D}<1000$, implying non-standard cosmology that could leave its imprints in the stochastic gravitational wave background.

   hep-phJHEP(2026)·5 citations
2. 02*

   NNLO QCD corrections to $\gamma \gamma \to Q\bar{Q}$ from Local Unitarity combined with Coulomb resummation and NLO EW effects

   Zeno Capatti🇨🇭 · Mathijs Fraaije🇨🇭 · Valentin Hirschi🇨🇭 · Lucien Huber🇨🇭 · Ben Ruijl🇨🇭 · Hua-Sheng Shao🇫🇷

   The Local Unitarity (LU) formalism provides a constructive, integrand-level realisation of the Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg (KLN) theorem, by combining loop and phase-space integrals appearing in scattering cross-sections in such a way that their final-state infrared singularities cancel before integration. Supplemented with localised ultraviolet renormalisation, it enables the direct Monte Carlo integration of cross sections at arbitrary perturbative order in four-dimensional spacetime. In this paper, we present its application to the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD total cross sections for heavy-quark pair production in direct photon fusion, involving the contribution from 138 distinct forward-scattering diagrams where external photons couple only to heavy quarks. By combining NNLO QCD with next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak (EW) corrections and next-to-leading power (NLP) Coulomb resummation, we obtain state-of-the-art predictions for top-, bottom-, and charm-quark production in ultraperipheral hadron collisions and at $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ colliders.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thJHEP(2026)·6 citations
3. 03*

   Revisiting radiative transitions of charmonium states in covariant confined quark model

   Aidos Issadykov🇷🇺 · Mikhail A. Ivanov🇷🇺 · Dang-Khoa N. Nguyen🇻🇳 · Chien-Thang Tran🇻🇳 · Akmaral Tyulemissova🇷🇺 · Zhomart Tyulemissov🇷🇺

   We calculate the amplitudes and branching fractions of ${\chi }_{cJ}$, $h_c$, $J/\psi$, and $\psi (2S)$ radiative decays in the framework of the covariant confined quark model. First, we explicitly show that all calculated amplitudes are gauge invariant. Next, we use experimental data for three decay channels $J/\psi \to {\eta }_c\gamma$, ${\chi }_{c0}\to J/\psi \gamma$, and $\psi (2S)\to {\chi }_{c0}\gamma$ to fit the model parameters including the charm quark mass and the meson size parameter. Finally, we use the obtained parameters to predict the branching fractions of the decays $h_c\to {\eta }_c\gamma$, ${\chi }_{c1(c2)}\to J/\psi \gamma$, and $\psi (2S)\to {\chi }_{c1(c2)}\gamma$. Our predictions agree well with experimental data.

   hep-phhep-exPRD(2025)·3 citations
4. 04*

   The Spin-Spin Dynamics of Glueballs

   A.M. Badalian🇷🇺 · M.S. Lukashov🇷🇺

   The masses of pure gauge glueballs are calculated with the use of relativistic string Hamiltonian without fitting parameters. The string tension ${\sigma }_f=0.184$~GeV${}^2$ in fundamental representation is fixed, using the Necco-Sommer lattice data, and to calculate the vector coupling ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{V}}(r)$ the value of ${\Lambda }_{\overline{MS}}^0=238$~MeV ($N_f=0$) is taken. The spin-spin potential, defined via the vacuum correlation function, is shown to produce a screening effect and decrease a hyperfine splittings between tensor and scalar glueballs. The masses of first and second $0^{++}$, $2^{++}$ excitations are predicted. For the ground states the masses $M(0^{++})=1508$~MeV, $M(2^{++})=2292$~MeV (in case A), in agreement with those of $f_0(1500),f_2(2300)$ are obtained, and the first excitation mass $M(0^{++})=2613$~MeV is predicted. In case B $M(0^{++})=1.669$~MeV, $M(2^{++})=2212$~MeV are obtained.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPhys.Atom.Nucl.(2026)·0 citations
5. 05*

   ANATAR: AN Automated Tool for higher-order Amplitude geneRation

   Claude Duhr🇩🇪 · Pooja Mukherjee🇩🇪 · Andres Vasquez🇩🇪

   We present a new Mathematica package that provides a platform to perform multi-loop computations. ANATAR integrates several existing tools designed for higher-order computations. In particular, it uses QGRAF to generate Feynman diagrams and relies on FORM to perform the Dirac and colour algebras. This makes it very efficient without compromising user-friendliness and flexibility. In addition, ANATAR is equipped with functionalities to manipulate the generated amplitudes and to extract scalar form factors. The resulting expressions can be mapped to integral families that can subsequently be reduced to master integrals via dedicated interfaces to codes for integration-by-parts reduction. Support for large classes of BSM models with the same gauge group as the SM is provided, and in particular, ANATAR is optimised for computations in effective field theories. We review and introduce the main functionalities of ANATAR and illustrate its use for phenomenological applications.

   hep-phJHEP(2026)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Transverse momentum asymmetry in the semi-inclusive electron positron annihilation process

   Weihua Yang🇨🇳 · Xing-hua Yang🇨🇳 · Zhe Zhang🇨🇳 · Jing Zhao🇨🇳

   Hadronization, a nonperturbative process, cannot be calculated from first principles. It can be investigated either by using phenomenological models or by examining the behavior of produced hadrons or through fragmentation functions. These fragmentation functions are nonperturbative quantities whose determination relies entirely on experimental data. However, higher-twist fragmentation functions present significant challenges for their determination due to power suppression. In this paper, we propose an asymmetry to study twist-3 fragmentation functions. This asymmetry is defined as the transverse momentum asymmetry of the fragmenting quark and/or the produced jet with respect to the observed hadron direction within the semi-inclusive electron positron annihilation process. As a twist-3 effect, this asymmetry is sensitive to the distribution of the jet relative to the produced hadron direction during hadronization. Furthermore, it is closely related to twist-3 transverse momentum dependent fragmentation functions and provides a set of measurable quantities for their determination.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·0 citations
7. 07*

   Long-Lived Particles from Meson and Muon Decays at Rest at Spallation Sources

   Matheus Hostert🇺🇸 · Salvador Urrea🇫🇷

   We provide a systematic survey of spallation sources around the world and their potential to search for new light particles. We study the sensitivity of existing neutrino detectors to the decay in flight of light particles produced in the decay at rest of pions, muons, and kaons. At J-PARC, we show that the magnetized gaseous argon detectors of ND280 could place leading limits on light particles decaying to $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ and that the liquid-scintillator detectors of the J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the JSNS (JSNS${}^2$) experiment can exploit double- and triple-coincidence signals from ${\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ and ${\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$ to place new limits on particles produced in kaon decay. We find that the Coherent Captain Mills detector at Los Alamos and the suite of COHERENT detectors at Oak Ridge, despite their smaller size, would also have a promising sensitivity to particles produced in pion and muon decays, depending on background levels. Spallation sources have the potential to explore more than an order of magnitude beyond current constraints in some new physics models, encouraging further study on data acquisition and background rejection by experimental collaborations.

   hep-ph4 citations
8. 08*

   Thermal-nonthermal transition of the charged particle production in pp collisions

   J. Alonso Tlali🇲🇽 · D. Rosales Herrera🇲🇽 · J. R. Alvarado García🇲🇽 · A. Fernández Téllez🇲🇽 · C. Pajares🇪🇸 · J. E. Ramírez🇲🇽

   We determine the internal energy of charged particle production in minimum bias pp collisions using a thermostatistical approach by analyzing the $p_{\text{T}}$ spectrum reported by the ALICE Collaboration across LHC energies. To do this, we define temperature as the slope of the $p_{\text{T}}$ spectrum at low $p_{\text{T}}$ values and Shannon's entropy as the system's entropy, calculated considering the normalized $p_{\text{T}}$ spectrum. We found that the internal energy for the Hagedorn and Tricomi functions behaves linearly with temperature at low temperatures but becomes nonlinear at LHC energies, showing a thermal-nonthermal transition in the production of charged particles in pp collisions. Our estimation of the transition center of mass energy is $\sqrt{s^{\ast }}=27(11)\text{ keV}$ at baryon chemical potential ${\mu }_B=0$, which explains why the production of high $p_{\text{T}}$ hadrons has always been observed, even in earlier experiments, which may also encompass other experiments colliding e${}^{-}$p or e${}^{+}$e${}^{-}$.

   hep-phcond-mat.stat-mechhep-ex0 citations
9. 09*

   Gluon generalized transverse momentum dependent parton distributions and Wigner functions of the Proton

   Dipankar Chakrabarti🇮🇳 · Bheemsehan Gurjar🇮🇳 · Asmita Mukherjee🇮🇳 · Kauship Saha🇮🇳

   We present a calculation of the leading-twist (twist-2) generalized transverse momentum distributions (GTMDs) for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized gluons in the proton, using a recently developed light-front gluon spectator model inspired by the soft-wall AdS/QCD prediction. We calculate the gluon GTMDs for non-zero skewness, using overlaps in terms of light-front wave functions. We also compute the gluon Wigner distributions for various polarization configurations of the proton target, including unpolarized, longitudinally polarized, and transversely polarized states. We present these Wigner distributions and the associated spin densities in both the transverse momentum plane and the transverse impact parameter plane. Furthermore, we evaluate the gluon orbital angular momentum and spin-orbit correlations, and extract the generalized parton distribution and transverse momentum-dependent distribution limits of the GTMDs.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2025)·8 citations
10. 10*

    Long-lived axionlike particles from electromagnetic cascades

    Samuel Patrone🇺🇸 · Nikita Blinov🇨🇦 · Ryan Plestid🇺🇸

    We study axionlike particles (ALPs) in beam dump experiments, focusing on the Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP, at CERN) experiment and the Beam Dump eXperiment (BDX, at JLab). Many existing projections for sensitivity to ALPs in beam dump experiments have focused on production from either the primary proton/electron beam, or - in the case of SHiP - the secondary (high-energy) photons produced by neutral meson decays (e.g.,~${\pi }^0\to \gamma \gamma$). In this work, we study the subsequent production of axions from the full electromagnetic shower in the target, finding order-of-magnitude enhancements in the visible decay yields across a wide range of axion masses. We update SHiP's sensitivity curve and provide new projections for BDX. Both experiments will be able to reach currently unexplored regions of ALP parameter space.

    hep-phhep-exPRD(2026)·7 citations
11. 11*

    Quantum Semiconductor Heterostructures for meV Axion Dark Matter Detection

    Jaanita Mehrani🇺🇸 · Tao Xu🇺🇸 · Andrey Baydin🇺🇸 · Michael J. Manfra🇺🇸 · Henry O. Everitt🇺🇸 · Andrew J. Long🇺🇸 · Kuver Sinha🇺🇸 · Junichiro Kono🇺🇸 · Shengxi Huang🇺🇸

    We propose a novel strategy and a new class of detectors for the direct detection of axion dark matter in the meV mass range, based on resonantly enhanced axion-photon conversion through the inverse Primakoff effect in engineered radiometers composed of quantum semiconductor heterostructures. Semiconductor-Quantum-Well Axion Radiometer Experiments (SQWAREs) are multiple quantum well structures forming magnetoplasmonic cavities, containing high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases, realizing tunable epsilon-near-zero resonances in the terahertz frequency range. By controlling the orientation of the cavity within a strong external magnetic field, both the resonance frequency and the axion-induced current are optimized $insitu$, enabling efficient scanning across a broad mass range without the need for complex mechanical adjustments. The axion-induced electromagnetic signal radiatively emitted from the cavity is then detected by a photodetector. We present the theoretical basis for resonant enhancement, detail the experimental design and benchmarks through extensive simulations, project the sensitivity of an example SQWARE for several realistic configurations, and demonstrate the modularity and flexibility of the design to fit reasonably with any lab's existing capabilities and target unique axion mass ranges. Our results demonstrate that the SQWAREs can probe the well-motivated quantum chromodynamics axion parameter space and close a critical gap in direct searches at meV masses.

    hep-phastro-ph.COcond-mat.mes-hallphysics.ins-det+1PRL(2026)·0 citations
12. 12*

    High-Quality Axion Dark Matter at Gravitational Wave Interferometers

    Disha Bandyopadhyay🇮🇳 · Debasish Borah🇮🇳 · Nayan Das🇮🇳 · Rome Samanta🇮🇹

    Gravitational effects are known to violate global symmetries, threatening the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) solution to the strong CP problem. Ultraviolet completions featuring a gauged $U(1)$ symmetry, where $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{PQ}}$ arises as an accidental global symmetry, can suppress Planck-suppressed operators, enabling high-quality axions in a mass window where it can also account for the observed dark matter (DM) in the Universe. We show that in such models, the spontaneous breaking of the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry generates a strong stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from gauge cosmic string loops. Even in the most conservative scenario, for breaking scales $\gtrsim 10^{14}$ GeV, the SGWB signal strength can exceed astrophysical foregrounds across a broad frequency range. Such quality axion models have a characteristic IR break frequency originating from the dynamics of the string-wall network collapse. We propose this characteristic SGWB frequency-amplitude region, identified as \textit{Signature-Window-Axion-Gravitational waves} (SWAG), to be a novel probe of high-quality axion DM at future space and ground-based interferometers.

    hep-phastro-ph.COPRD(2026)·3 citations
13. 13*

    Nonlinear evolution of the spin-2 black hole superradiant instability

    Taillte May🇨🇦 · William E. East🇨🇦

    Massive spin-2 fields, which arise in proposed extensions of the standard model of particle physics and general relativity, give rise to a superradiant instability around spinning black holes. We study the nonlinear evolution of this instability in quadratic gravity, where quadratic curvature terms are added to the Einstein-Hilbert action. We find that as the massive spin-2 field grows, the black hole's spin increases, accelerating the growth rate, and eventually leading to a superextremal horizon. This sharply contrasts with the spin-down and eventual saturation that occurs due to the backreaction of the superradiant instability of a minimally coupled massive spin-0 or spin-1 field.

    ↳ gr-qchep-ph3 citations
14. 14*

    Dark matter annihilation signals from the Large Magellanic Cloud and its impact on the Milky Way

    Evan Vienneau🇨🇦 · Evan Batteas🇺🇸 · Addy J. Evans🇺🇸 · Odelia V. Hartl🇨🇦 · Nassim Bozorgnia🇨🇦 · Louis E. Strigari🇺🇸

    We study the dark matter (DM) annihilation signals from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the impact of the LMC on the DM annihilation signals from the Milky Way (MW) halo, using a MW-LMC analogue from the Auriga magneto-hydrodynamical simulations. We find that the gamma-ray signals from DM annihilation from the LMC rises above the MW foreground by a factor of greater than 100 for the s-wave velocity-independent annihilation model, as well as for the Sommerfeld, p-wave, and d-wave velocity-dependent models. We derive upper limits on the annihilation cross section of DM particles in the LMC using Fermi-LAT data for all velocity-dependent cross section models. Bounds for d-wave annihilation are more stringent by $\sim 4-6$ orders of magnitude relative to previous bounds from dwarf galaxies, and for p-wave emission our bounds are $\sim 2-3$ orders of magnitude more stringent. We also demonstrate that the impact of the LMC on the DM annihilation signals from the MW halo is greatest for the p-wave and d-wave models towards the outer MW halo, while the impact is minimal for Sommerfeld and s-wave models. The LMC boosts the DM density and velocity distribution in the outer MW halo, both by bringing in high-speed DM particles and by accelerating the DM particles of the MW, affecting the DM annihilation signals from the MW for the p-wave and d-wave models.

    ↳ astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GAhep-phJCAP(2026)·0 citations
15. 15*

    $\Delta (1232)$ production in the $\gamma p\to \varphi \pi p$ reaction

    Ya-Ke Chen🇨🇳 · Yi Pan🇨🇳 · Bo-Chao Liu🇨🇳

    In this work, the production of baryon resonances in the $\gamma p\to \varphi \pi p$ reaction near threshold is investigated within an effective Lagrangian approach. incorporates intermediate resonances, including $\Delta (1232)$, $N(1440)$, $N(1520)$, and $N(1535)$, alongside non-resonant background contributions. The results indicate that the reaction is dominated by the $\Delta (1232)$ excitation near threshold. A key focus of this study is the exploration of the $a_0(980)$ meson exchange in the $\Delta (1232)$ production, as this reaction offers a unique opportunity to probe the poorly known $\Delta (1232)N{a}_0$ coupling. We demonstrate that the parity asymmetry ($P_{\sigma }$), accessible through the $\varphi$-meson's spin density matrix elements, serves as a suitable experimental observable to identify the contribution from the $a_0(980)$ exchange.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phPRD(2025)·2 citations
16. 16*

    Chiral symmetry restoration for helical magnetic fields in holography

    Nick Evans🇬🇧 · Wanxiang Fan🇬🇧

    We study the chiral symmetry breaking effects of helical magnetic fields in a simple bottom up AdS/CFT model. We explore the instability of the chirally symmetric solution in the presence of the B field and see how it switches off as the wave vector of the helix, k, rises, resulting in a first order transition. At low energies the model averages over the helix and the magnetic field is not seen. We show that other sources of chiral symmetry breaking are not directly effected by the helical B field. We provide examples of both magnetic catalysis and inverse magnetic catalysis which switch off at large k.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phPRD(2025)·1 citation
17. 17*

    MEC-induced two-nucleon emission in neutrino-nucleus scattering

    M.B. Barbaro🇮🇹 · V. Belocchi🇮🇹 · A. De Pace🇮🇹 · M. Martini🇫🇷

    Meson-exchange currents (MEC) play a crucial role in the nuclear response to a leptonic probe, inducing the emission of two nucleons, the so-called 2p2h excitations. Here we report the results of our recent work \cite{Belocchi:2025eix}, in which we evaluated the 2p2h contribution to the $({\nu }_{\mu },{\mu }^{-}p)$ neutrino cross section off a carbon target, which involves the simultaneous detection the outgoing muon and a proton in the final state. This process has recently been measured in long-baseline neutrino experiments, but no truly microscopic calculation for the 2p2h channel existed to be compared with these data until now. The calculation employs fully relativistic two-body currents and is carried out within the Relativistic Fermi Gas framework. It provides a generalization to the weak sector of the electromagnetic inclusive model developed in Ref.~\cite{DePace:2003spn} and an extension of the calculation to enable semi-inclusive predictions. A selection of our results for the semi-inclusive cross section versus the emitted proton variables is presented, both at fixed neutrino energy and folded with the T2K muon-neutrino flux.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phNucl.Theor.(2025)·1 citation
18. 18*

    Double Slit Experiment from Nano to Femto Scale

    Arvind Khuntia🇮🇹 · Raghunath Sahoo🇮🇳

    The evolution of light theories began with Isaac Newton's corpuscular model, which explained reflection and refraction but could not account for diffraction and interference. In contrast, Christiaan Huygens proposed a wave theory, explaining light's behavior through an ether-based medium, supported by his principle that each point in a wavefront acts as a secondary source. This idea was experimentally supported in the early nineteenth century when Thomas Young's double-slit experiment revealed an interference pattern, affirming light's wave nature. Later, James Clerk Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism, establishing light as an electromagnetic wave and extending the electromagnetic spectrum beyond visible light. In the twentieth century, Einstein's photoelectric effect introduced the concept of wave-particle duality, demonstrating that light behaves as discrete photons. Soon after, Louis de Broglie extended the idea of wave-particle duality to matter, a prediction confirmed in 1927 when Clinton Davisson and Lester Germer observed electron diffraction from a crystal and, independently, G.P. Thomson demonstrated electron diffraction through thin films, both proving that electrons also exhibit wave-like properties. This concept was dramatically visualized by Claus Jonsson's 1961 electron double-slit experiment. Recently, the ALICE collaboration observed quantum interference patterns at the femtometer scale in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions, pushing quantum interference studies to new frontiers.

    ↳ physics.ed-phhep-exhep-phnucl-ex0 citations
19. 19*

    A Geometric View on Crossing-Symmetric Dispersion Relations

    Joan Elias Miro🇮🇹 · Andrea Guerrieri🇬🇧 · Mehmet Asim Gumus🇫🇷 · Ahmadullah Zahed🇮🇹

    We introduce a general framework for constructing dispersion relations using crossing-symmetric variables, leading to infinitely many distinct representations of the 2-to-2 scattering amplitude of identical scalars. Classical formulations such as the Auberson-Khuri crossing-symmetric dispersion relations (CSDRs), the Mahoux-Roy-Wanders relations, and the local CSDR, as well as fixed-t dispersion relations emerge as special cases. Within this setting we re-derive the null constraints from a geometric perspective. Finally, we present, for the first time, an explicit extension of Roy-like equations that remain valid at arbitrarily high energies, relying only on the rigorously established analyticity domain of scattering amplitudes.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2026)·8 citations
20. 20*

    An improved formula for Wigner function and spin polarization in a decoupling relativistic fluid at local thermodynamic equilibrium

    Xin-Li Sheng🇮🇹 · Francesco Becattini🇮🇹 · Daniele Roselli🇮🇹

    We present an upgraded formula for Wigner function and spin polarization of fermions emitted by a relativistic fluid at local thermodynamic equilibrium at the decoupling which improves the one obtained in refs. [1, 2] and used in numerical simulations of relativistic nuclear collisions. By using a new expansion method, applicable to decoupling hypersurfaces with arbitrary geometry, we reproduce the known term proportional to thermal vorticity and obtain an upgraded form of the spin-shear term which captures the dependence on the geometry. The new method also includes additional contributions whose physical nature is to be assessed. The new expression also naturally excludes contributions from space-time gradients in the normal direction of the hypersurface, providing a theoretical justification for the isothermal condition previously imposed a priori. This framework can be extended to particles with arbitrary spin.

    ↳ nucl-thhep-phhep-th11 citations

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.