Mon·Sep 15, 2025Monday·September 15, 2025

1. 01*

   Quantum spread complexity as a probe of NSI, $CP$ Violation, and mass ordering in neutrino oscillations in matter

   Abhishek Kumar Jha🇮🇳 · Govind Krishna G · Anandbhai Pravinbhai Prajapati🇮🇳 · Subhashish Banerjee🇮🇳

   Quantum spread complexity characterizes how a quantum state evolves and becomes distributed over the Hilbert space under unitary dynamics. In this work, we employ a cost function as a quantitative measure of spread complexity. We investigate this cost function within the framework of three-flavor neutrino oscillations in vacuum and matter, incorporating the $CP$-violation phase and Non-Standard Interaction (NSI) effects, under both normal and inverted mass ordering scenarios. The cost function is evaluated for each scenario and analyzed with the corresponding neutrino transition probabilities for both initial muon neutrino and muon antineutrino flavor states. The results are presented using the energy where the first oscillation is maximum and baseline lengths of ongoing long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiments, including T2K and NOvA, as well as upcoming experiments such as DUNE and P2O. Our findings indicate that the difference in the cost function between normal and inverted mass orderings during neutrino propagation in matter is sensitive to these experiments, with the appropriate choice of NSI parameters and the best-fit $CP$-violation phase values.

   hep-phhep-exhep-thquant-ph1 citation
2. 02*

   Gluon splitting rates in an anisotropic plasma in the AMY formalism

   Florian Lindenbauer🇦🇹

   We introduce a novel numerical method to obtain the gluon splitting rates in an anisotropic QCD plasma in the AMY formalism, suitable for an anisotropic collision kernel. The method extends previous works by decomposing the additional angular information into Fourier modes, resulting in a significantly larger system of differential equations to solve numerically. It is then tested by calculating the rates for a simple anisotropic model for the collision kernel, which is compared to a thermal system. Remarkably, the obtained rates can be well-approximated by the rates calculated from an angular-averaged collision kernel, while still deviating significantly from equilibrium. An isotropic model for the collision kernel that is commonly used in QCD kinetic theory simulations, and which relies on the infrared temperature $T_{\ast }$ and an effective Debye mass, leads to rates that significantly deviate from the nonequilibrium rate, particularly at smaller parton energies.

   hep-phnucl-th6 citations
3. 03*

   Polarization-dependent Interference in Nonlinear Compton Scattering

   Zu-dong Zhao🇨🇳 · Suo Tang🇨🇳

   We investigate the phase interference effects in the nonlinear Compton scattering via the collision between an high-energy electron and the laser in the intermediate intensity region, and reveal that the importance of interference effects on the scattered photons depends sensitively on the relative polarization of the scattered photons and laser pulse. For scattered photons polarized parallel to the laser field, the effective distance between two interfered phase points is much larger than that for perpendicularly polarized photons. To signalize the phase interference effect in potential experiments, we introduce the double-pulse scenario for the scattering process, and show that the interference between two phase-separated pulse could significantly modulate the energy-momentum distribution of the scattered photons, leading to the reshaping of the scattered photons' energy spectrum. By narrowing the angular acceptance of the scattered photons, the spectral modulation can be amplified and sustained for an experiment-realizable phase separation between two pulses.

   hep-phPRD(2025)·3 citations
4. 04*

   Three-body final state interactions in $B^{+}\to D\bar{D}{K}^{+}$ decays

   Xin-Yue Hu🇨🇳 · Jiahao He🇨🇳 · Pengyu Niu🇨🇳 · Qian Wang🇨🇳 · Yupeng Yan🇹🇭

   This paper presents a detailed analysis of the three-body final state interactions in the $B^{+}\to D\bar{D}{K}^{+}$ process, whose phase space is sufficient small. To precisely extract the resonance parameters, for instance the ${\chi }_{c0/2}(3930)$ in the $D\bar{D}$ invariant mass distributions, in this process, one has to take into account final state interaction, especially the three-body final state interaction. We employ the dispersive Khuri-Treiman formalism, combined with a parameterization of the $D\bar{D}$ interaction based on Heavy Quark Spin Symmetry. By performing a simultaneous fit to the experimental data from LHCb, BaBar, and Belle collaborations, the scheme with three-body interaction successfully describes the invariant mass distributions of the three two-body subsystems. We precisely extract the pole structures of ${\chi }_{c0}(3930)$ and $\psi (3770)$ as $3.913-0.018i\mathrm{GeV}$ and $3.764-0.002i\mathrm{GeV}$ in $B^{+}$ decay. By performing the pole trajectory analysis on a uniformized complex plane, we find that both of them stem from the input bare state.

   hep-phPRD(2026)·2 citations
5. 05*

   ${\Xi }_c\to \Xi$ Semileptonic Decays: An LCSR View on the Experiment-Lattice Tension

   T.M.Aliev🇹🇷 · S.Bilmis🇹🇷 · M.Savci🇹🇷

   We present a light-cone QCD sum rule analysis of the semileptonic decays of ${\Xi }_c$ baryons, focusing on the channels ${\Xi }_c^0\to {\Xi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$, and ${\Xi }_c^{+}\to {\Xi }^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell }$. The transition form factors are calculated within the light-cone QCD sum rules framework, using the distribution amplitudes of the heavy ${\Xi }_c$ baryons. The obtained form factors are then used to compute the differential and total decay widths, as well as the branching fractions. Our numerical results for the branching fractions are $\mathcal{B}({\Xi }_c^0\to {\Xi }^{-}{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell })=(3.73\pm 1.04)\%$ , $\mathcal{B}({\Xi }_c^0\to {\Xi }^{-}{\mu }^{+}{\nu }_{\mu })=(3.59\pm 1.01)\%$, $\mathcal{B}({\Xi }_c^{+}\to {\Xi }^0{\ell }^{+}{\nu }_{\ell })=(11.2\pm 3.25)\%$, and $\mathcal{B}({\Xi }_c^{+}\to {\Xi }^0{\mu }^{+}{\nu }_{\mu })=(10.8\pm 3.13)\%$. These results are in good agreement with recent lattice QCD calculations, while being larger than the current experimental measurements and differing from the predictions of other theoretical approaches.

   hep-phhep-exhep-latPRD(2026)·2 citations
6. 06*

   Pseudogauge ambiguity in the distributions of energy density, pressure, and shear force inside the nucleon

   Kenji Fukushima🇯🇵 · Tomoya Uji🇯🇵

   We study the spatial distributions of pressure, energy density, and shear forces inside the nucleon within the two-flavor Skyrme model including vector mesons. This framework has the advantage that nucleon configurations can be stabilized without the Skyrme term. In contrast to the model without vector mesons, however, we realize that the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) becomes pseudo-gauge dependent. We explicitly demonstrate that all these distributions differ between the canonical and Belinfante forms of the EMTs. We identify the pseudo-gauge ambiguity as originating from nonvanishing surface terms associated with spin currents generated by the vector-meson field strength tensors. Furthermore, we show that the pressure and shear-force distributions in the canonical EMT develop singularities at the nucleon center, whereas the corresponding Belinfante distributions remain finite. Finally, we discuss the implications of pseudo-gauge dependence for extracting the confining force and for constructing the equation of state inside the nucleon.

   hep-phnucl-thPRD(2026)·7 citations
7. 07*

   Theory uncertainties of the irreducible background to VBF Higgs production

   Xuan Chen🇨🇳 · Silvia Ferrario Ravasio🇨🇭 · Yacine Haddad🇺🇸 · Stefan Höche🇺🇸 · Joey Huston🇺🇸 · Tomas Jezo🇩🇪 · Jia-Sheng Liu🇨🇳 · Christian T. Preuss🇩🇪 · Ahmed Tarek🇨🇭 · Jan Winter🇺🇸

   Higgs boson production through gluon fusion in association with two jets is an irreducible background to Higgs boson production through vector boson fusion, one of the most important channels for analyzing and understanding the Higgs boson properties at the Large Hadron Collider. Despite a range of available simulation tools, precise predictions for the corresponding final states are notoriously hard to achieve. Using state-of-the-art fixed-order calculations as the baseline for a comparison, we perform a detailed study of similarities and differences in existing event generators. We provide consistent setups for the simulations that can be used to obtain identical parametric precision in various programs used by experiments. We find that NLO calculations for the two-jet final state are essential to achieve reliable predictions.

   hep-phhep-exJHEP(2026)·4 citations
8. 08*

   The Seesaw Evaded Modular Dirac Framework

   Manash Dey🇮🇳

   We posit an elegant modular $A_4$ framework for Dirac neutrinos that does not rely on the seesaw mechanism in a non SUSY setting. Our construction ensures purely Dirac neutrinos with a minimal scalar sector, naturally generating neutrino masses without requiring unnaturally tiny couplings. The model demonstrates its predictive power by simultaneously reproducing the charged lepton mass hierarchy and predicting neutrino mixing angles and mass squared differences consistent with their global best fit values. It further predicts a sum of neutrino masses consistent with the current cosmological bound, while predicting maximal Dirac CP violation. This construction establishes an alternative paradigm for the origin of lepton masses and mixing, setting it apart from conventional discrete flavour symmetry and seesaw based approaches.

   hep-phPLB(2026)·6 citations
9. 09*

   New opportunities for rare charm from $Z\to c\bar{c}$ decays

   Angelo Di Canto🇺🇸 · Tabea Hacheney🇩🇪 · Gudrun Hiller🇩🇪 · Dominik Stefan Mitzel🇩🇪 · Stéphane Monteil🇫🇷 · Lars Röhrig🇩🇪 · Dominik Suelmann🇩🇪

   We analyze the potential of rare charm decays as probes of new physics at a high-luminosity flavor facility operating at the $Z$ pole, such as the FCC-ee or CEPC. In particular, we identify clean null-test observables in $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\nu \bar{\nu }$ and in polarized ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to p{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ decays with $\ell =e,\mu$. Complementarity with the LHC and HL-LHC flavor programs arises from the characteristic features of a Tera-$Z$ environment: the capability to study missing-energy modes and charm production with significant polarization. We improve the theoretical description of $D^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}\nu \bar{\nu }$ decays and work out the phenomenology of polarization-induced null-test observables in ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to p{\ell }^{+}{\ell }^{-}$ decays. In regions of dilepton mass near the $\varphi$ resonance, polarization asymmetries can reach $O(5\%)$ for muons and $O(14\%)$ for electrons times the ${\Lambda }_c^{+}$ polarization. We also point out synergies between the dineutrino and the dilepton modes using the SMEFT framework of heavy new physics. Using the IDEA detector concept at FCC-ee, we find in simulation studies that dineutrino branching fractions as low as $\sim 2\times 10^{-7}$ can be probed, which reaches well into the parameter space of new physics, and also allows for discrimination of lepton flavor structures. Furthermore, the measurement of asymmetries in ${\Lambda }_c^{+}\to p{\mu }^{+}{\mu }^{-}$ at $O(1\%)$ will be possible. Similar sensitivities are expected for dielectron final states, although robust predictions will require further dedicated studies.

   hep-phhep-exEPJC(2026)·5 citations
10. 10*

    An EFT study of the $pp\to \bar{t}tZ(ll)h(bb)$ process at the FCC-$\mathbf{hh}$

    Shankha Banerjee🇮🇳 · Rick S. Gupta🇮🇳 · Shilpi Jain🇮🇳 · Michelangelo Mangano🇨🇭 · Elena Venturini🇩🇪

    We carry out an Effective Field Theory (EFT) study of the $pp\to \bar{t}tZh$ process in the $4b+3\ell +\ge 2j+\text{slashed}{E}_T$ final state. This process can uniquely probe the $\bar{t}tZh$ couplings arising from higher dimensional EFT operators and can also provide bounds on $\bar{t}tZ$ coupling deviations. We highlight the importance of the proposed proton-proton Future Circular Collider (FCC-$hh$) to study this process and then perform a complete collider analysis by examining the relevant background processes. This allows us to determine the FCC-$hh$ sensitivity to probe anomalous $\bar{t}tZh$ couplings.

    hep-phhep-exEPJC(2026)·1 citation
11. 11*

    Gravitational Wave Signature and the Nature of Neutrino Masses: Majorana, Dirac, or Pseudo-Dirac?

    Sudip Jana🇮🇳 · Sudip Manna🇮🇳 · Vishnu P.K

    The fermionic nature of neutrinos and the origin of their tiny masses remain unresolved issues in particle physics, intrinsically connected to lepton number symmetry-conserved for Dirac, violated for Majorana, and effectively pseudo-Dirac when global symmetries invoked for conservation are broken by quantum gravity. We investigate whether distinctive gravitational-wave (GW) signatures can illuminate the nature of neutrino masses and their underlying symmetries, particularly in scenarios where Yukawa couplings are not unnaturally small. To this end, we consider the minimal $B-L$ gauge extension of the Standard Model, where quantum numbers of beyond-SM states determine the neutrino nature and the scale of spontaneous $B-L$ breaking governs mass generation. In this framework, we show that neutrinos yield characteristic GW spectra: Majorana neutrinos with high-scale breaking ($\sim 10^{14}$ GeV) produce local cosmic strings and a flat spectrum across broad frequencies, Dirac neutrinos with low-scale breaking ($\sim 10^7$ GeV) generate peaked spectra from first-order phase transitions, and pseudo-Dirac scenarios give kink-like features from domain wall annihilation.

    hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-ex+1PLB(2026)·7 citations
12. 12*

    Heavy QCD Axions at High-Energy Muon Colliders

    Ravneet Bedi🇺🇸 · Tony Gherghetta🇺🇸 · Soubhik Kumar🇺🇸 · Peiran Li🇺🇸 · Zhen Liu🇺🇸

    We study the physics potential of heavy QCD axions at high-energy muon colliders. Unlike typical axion-like particles, heavy QCD axions solve the strong CP problem with phenomenology driven by the anomalous gluon ($aG\tilde{G}$) couplings. Several ultraviolet scenarios are presented in which QCD axions with TeV-scale masses and decay constants arise consistently with a solution to both the strong CP problem and the axion quality problem. We perform a detailed collider analysis for both a 3 and 10~TeV muon collider, focusing on hadronic axion decays that gives rise to a dijet-resonance signature. Our projections for the axion discovery reach in the multi-TeV mass range demonstrate that a muon collider can significantly extend sensitivity to heavy QCD axions compared to existing experiments.

    hep-phJHEP(2026)·7 citations
13. 13*

    Plunge spectra as discriminators of black hole mimickers

    Sreejith Nair🇮🇳

    This work explores the prospect of using the plunge to identify potential black hole mimickers. We show that the plunge excites two generic spectral features. (i) At low frequencies, there is a comb of sharp resonances at the real parts of the mimicker quasi-normal modes. (ii) Above a threshold $M{\omega }_{\mathrm{th}}\approx 0.39$ (for the dominant mode), the spectrum undergoes a qualitative break: with the black hole mimicker displaying significant deviations from the black hole. Though individual plunge SNRs in extreme mass ratio events are low and detecting them in a sea of noise is difficult, the coherent spectral features identified here may allow for enhancing the SNR by using multiple events.

    ↳ gr-qchep-phhep-thPRD(2026)·6 citations
14. 14*

    Non-Invertible Selection Rules on Heterotic Non-Abelian Orbifolds

    Tatsuo Kobayashi🇯🇵 · Ryusei Nishida🇯🇵 · Hajime Otsuka🇯🇵

    We investigate coupling selection rules in heterotic string theory on non-Abelian orbifolds. Since boundary conditions on the orbifolds are classified by conjugacy classes of space group elements, non-Abelian orbifolds give rise to non-invertible selection rules on couplings among twisted sectors as well as ones including untwisted sectors. Furthermore, we find that non-invertible selection rules lead to characteristic patterns of Yukawa matrices.

    ↳ hep-thhep-phJHEP(2026)·15 citations
15. 15*

    Nuclear chiral density wave in neutron stars?

    Orestis Papadopoulos🇬🇧 · Andreas Schmitt🇬🇧

    Anisotropic phases potentially play a role in the internal composition of neutron stars, the main laboratory for the phase structure of QCD at high baryon densities. We review the study of such a phase, the chiral density wave, within a phenomenological nucleon-meson model, including nucleonic vacuum fluctuations within a renormalization scheme recently developed. Neutron stars in this model and within our approximations either do not contain a chiral density wave core or they are too light to agree with observations.

    ↳ nucl-thastro-ph.HEhep-phJ.Subatomic Part.Cosmol.(2025)·5 citations
16. 16*

    On Casimir effect in Yang-Mills theories in three and four dimensions

    Dimitra Karabali🇺🇸 · Antonina Maj🇺🇸 · V.P. Nair🇺🇸

    We calculate the Casimir energy for the configuration of two parallel plates coupled to nonabelian gauge fields with a Yang-Mills action. We consider both 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions in the manifestly gauge-invariant formalism we have pursued over the last several years which allows us to factor out the gauge degrees of freedom. A boundary action in the functional integral, equivalent to the insertion of operators representing the plates, is used to enforce the required boundary conditions for the gauge fields. The result is for a kinematic regime corresponding to the exchange of gluons with a dynamically generated mass. We find good agreement in 2+1 dimensions and reasonable agreement in 3+1 dimensions with lattice-based numerical evaluations.

    ↳ hep-thhep-lathep-phPRD(2025)·6 citations
17. 17*

    Bias in the tensor-to-scalar ratio from self-interacting dark radiation

    Nahuel Mirón-Granese🇦🇷 · Claudia G. Scóccola🇨🇱

    We investigate the cosmological imprint of self-interacting dark radiation (DR) on the primordial $B$-mode angular power spectrum and its impact on the estimation of the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We consider a minimal model in which DR is described as an effectively massless axion-like particle with quartic self-interactions. These interactions are incorporated into the Einstein-Boltzmann equations using the relaxation time approximation and implemented in the $\text{CLASS}$ code. We show that increasing the strength of DR self-interactions suppresses anisotropic stress, thereby reducing the damping of gravitational waves and leading to an enhancement of the primordial $B$-mode signal relative to the free-streaming case. Using mock CMB data and Markov Chain Monte Carlo analyses, we show that neglecting DR self-interactions may bias the inferred value of $r$ by an amount comparable to the uncertainty expected in forthcoming CMB polarization experiments, such as the ground-based $\text{Simons Observatory}$ and the satellite missions $\text{LiteBIRD}$ and PICO. Our results emphasize the importance of properly modeling DR interactions in future precision searches for primordial $B$-modes in order to obtain unbiased constraints on inflationary gravitational waves.

    ↳ astro-ph.COgr-qchep-phPRD(2025)·1 citation

* Reconstructed cohort: no mailing for this day survives in the archive. Papers are grouped by their submission times and arXiv's announcement cut-off, assuming announcement without delay; positions follow identifier order. Validated at ~91% exact-day agreement against the archived era.